CN112700333A - Electronic archive consensus method based on block chain - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electronic archive consensus method based on a block chain, and belongs to the technical field of electronic archive storage. When receiving a transaction application initiated by a user, a test node firstly judges whether the equity value is sufficient, and if not, triggers the public link to update; if yes, the test node initiates the transaction, other nodes carry out transaction consensus on the transaction initiated by the test node, if the consensus is achieved, the private chain of the test node is updated, and if the consensus is not achieved, the transaction is rejected. When the public chain is updated, whether the incremental backups are consistent needs to be checked, if the incremental backups are not consistent, incremental backup synchronization needs to be carried out so that the incremental backups are consistent, the test node creates a block to store transaction data in the incremental backups, the block data needs to be checked to be real, if the block data is real, the block is added to the public chain, and after the public chain is updated, right value rewards are given to nodes participating in the processes of transaction consensus, checking whether the incremental backups are consistent and checking the authenticity of the block data. And adopting an obligation drive instead of an economic incentive mechanism to ensure the authenticity of consensus.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of storage of electronic archives, and particularly relates to an electronic archive consensus method based on a block chain.
Background
Currently, there are many consensus mechanisms based on a block chain, and the consensus mechanism is a mechanism for solving how to guarantee honesty and bookkeeping of each node that is not trusted with each other and achieve consensus on legal transactions in a decentralized and distributed scenario of a block chain system. Currently, a block chain system realizes this mechanism through different consensus algorithms, such as a workload proof consensus algorithm (POW), a stock right proof consensus algorithm (POS), an authorized stock right proof consensus algorithm (DPOS), a byzantine consensus algorithm (PBFT), and the like.
The research finds that a consensus mechanism and an incentive mechanism in a consensus algorithm complement each other, and a great part of the safety of the consensus mechanism is the policy guarantee depending on the incentive mechanism. The existing block chain system is closely combined with the financial industry, the transaction object is mainly electronic money, and the electronic money is associated with goods with actual values in real life, namely, an incentive mechanism driven by economy is adopted to ensure the safety and reliability of consensus. However, for some application scenarios of public infrastructure, such as the scenario in which electronic files are stored in a blockchain, it seems that it is not suitable to use market means to ensure the security of the blockchain system, since the integrity of the blockchain nodes depends on economic incentives, which will result in huge public asset investment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a block chain-based electronic archive consensus method, which proposes a new mechanism using obligation driver instead of economic incentive for the usage scenario of electronic archive, and defines and divides the right and obligation for each node constituting the block chain network, so that an informatization service wanting to acquire an electronic archive must fulfill the obligation as an honest node, thereby ensuring the honesty of the block chain nodes and the consistency and the authenticity of consensus results.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a technical solution:
an electronic archive consensus method based on block chains comprises the following steps:
step 1, a test node receives a transaction application initiated by a user;
step 2, the test node judges whether the right value is sufficient, if yes, step 3 is executed, and if not, step 6 is executed;
step 3, the test node initiates a transaction;
step 4, other nodes carry out transaction consensus on the transaction initiated by the test node, if the consensus is achieved, step 5 is executed, and if the consensus is not achieved, the transaction is rejected;
the block chain system records obligation payment of other nodes participating in the transaction consensus process and gives obligation labor evidence;
step 5, updating the private chain of the test node;
step 6, updating the public link;
step 6.1, checking whether the incremental backups are consistent, if so, executing step 6.3, and if not, executing step 6.2;
incremental backup means that all newly added transactions on the node private chain are tested when the last public chain is updated to the current time; the step of checking whether the incremental backups are consistent refers to checking whether the incremental backups of the test nodes are consistent with the incremental backups of other nodes;
6.2, the test node and other nodes carry out incremental backup synchronization to make the incremental backup reach a consistency;
the block chain system records obligation payment of other nodes participating in the process of checking whether the incremental backups are consistent or not, and provides obligation labor proofs;
step 6.3, the test node creates a block to store the transaction data in the incremental backup, and the data stored in the block is called block data;
step 6.4, checking the authenticity of the block data, if true, executing step 6.5, and if false, turning to step 6.3;
the block chain system records obligation payment of other nodes participating in the process of checking the authenticity of the block data and gives obligation labor evidence;
step 6.5, the electronic file node adds the block to the public chain to complete the updating of the public chain;
and 7, respectively giving certain rights and interests to each electronic file node according to the obligation labor certification recorded by the block chain system.
Furthermore, according to the block chain-based electronic file consensus method, a certain equity value needs to be consumed when a test node initiates a transaction.
Further, according to the block chain-based electronic file consensus method, in step 4, a Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm is adopted to perform consensus on the transaction.
Further, according to the block chain-based electronic archive consensus method, in step 5, the method for updating the private chain of the test node is as follows: the transaction which achieves the consensus can be blocked, wherein the blocking refers to storing the transaction which achieves the consensus in a certain time into a block to generate a block; after the test node is out of the block, the block is linked to the private chain of the test node, and the private chain of the test node is updated.
Further, according to the block chain-based electronic archive consensus method, the specific method in step 6.1 is as follows: the test node generates a hash value based on the incremental backup, broadcasts the hash value to other nodes, the other nodes receive the hash value and check whether the hash value is consistent with the hash value generated by the other nodes based on the incremental backup, if the hash values are different, the incremental backup is inconsistent, the other nodes return inconsistent transactions to the test node, and step 6.2 is executed, and if the hash values are the same, the incremental backup is consistent, and step 6.3 is executed.
Further, according to the block chain-based electronic file consensus method, in step 6.2, for the case of a lack of transaction in the incremental backup of the test node, the test node obtains the transactions that are lack in the incremental backup from other nodes and broadcasts one by one, after the other nodes receive the transactions, the other nodes compare the transactions with the transactions stored in their own incremental backup one by one, and if the transaction does not exist at a node exceeding 1/3 of the total number of nodes of the electronic file, the transaction is considered to be absent, and it is determined that the transaction is not lack in the incremental backup of the test node; otherwise, the transaction exists, the transaction is determined to be absent in the incremental backup of the test node, and the test node records the transaction to the private chain and adds the transaction to the incremental backup.
Further, according to the block chain-based electronic archive consensus method, in step 6.2, aiming at the situation that the transaction in the incremental backup of the test node is inconsistent with the transaction in the incremental backups of other nodes, the test node obtains inconsistent transactions from other nodes and broadcasts one by one, after the other nodes receive the inconsistent transactions, the inconsistent transactions are compared with the transactions stored in the incremental backups of the test node one by one, if the transaction does not exist in the nodes exceeding 1/3 of the total number of the electronic archive nodes, the transaction is considered to be absent, and it is determined that the incremental backups of the test node and the incremental backups of other nodes are not inconsistent with the transaction; otherwise, if the transaction exists, the incremental backup of the test node is judged to be inconsistent with the transaction stored by the incremental backups of other nodes, and the test node records the transaction to a private chain and modifies the incremental backups correspondingly.
Further, according to the block chain-based electronic file consensus method, in step 6.2, for the case that there are redundant transactions in the incremental backup of the test node, the test node broadcasts the redundant transactions one by one, after receiving by other nodes, compares the redundant transactions with the transactions stored in the incremental backup of the test node one by one, and if there is no transaction at a node exceeding 1/3 of the total number of the electronic file nodes, it is determined that the transaction is redundant in the incremental backup of the test node, and the test node deletes the transaction from the incremental backup; otherwise, the transaction is not a redundant transaction.
Further, according to the block chain-based electronic file consensus method, the method for checking the authenticity of the block data comprises the following steps: the test node broadcasts the block data, other nodes receive the block data, the block data and incremental backups of the other nodes are verified, if the electronic file nodes exceeding 2/3 in the block chain system pass verification, the block data are considered to be real, and if the block chain system does not pass verification, the block data are considered to be not real.
Further, according to the block chain-based electronic archive consensus method, the processes of participating in public chain updating of the electronic archive nodes are divided into active participation and passive participation; the active participation means that the electronic file nodes actively participate in public chain updating, and comprises a process of participating in checking whether the incremental backup is consistent and a process of participating in checking the authenticity of the block data; the passive participation means that electronic file nodes in the blockchain system are forced to participate in public chain updating and participate in the process of checking the authenticity of the blockchain data.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the block chain-based electronic file consensus method provided by the invention adopts the obligation to drive the electronic file nodes to participate in consensus instead of the money to drive the electronic file nodes to participate in consensus, overcomes the problem that the electronic file is not promoted by economic entities, adopts the obligation to drive the electronic file nodes to replace an economic incentive mechanism, is more suitable for consensus of the electronic file, and ensures the authenticity of the consensus.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a block chain-based electronic archive consensus method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the incremental backup verification and synchronization process for base test nodes of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of three cases of incremental backup synchronization between the test node and other nodes according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present application are given in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
As shown in fig. 1, the block chain-based electronic archive consensus method of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
step 1, a test node receives a transaction application initiated by a user;
in this embodiment, the electronic archive node that initiates the transaction is referred to as a test node, and the other electronic archive nodes are referred to as other nodes.
Step 2, the test node judges whether the right value is sufficient, if not, the step 6 is executed, and if so, the step 3 is executed;
in this embodiment, each time a test node initiates a transaction, it needs to consume a certain equity value. The equity value corresponds to a token and the test node has sufficient equity value to be allowed to initiate a transaction. If the right value of the test node is not enough, executing step 6, and if the right value of the test node is enough, executing step 3.
Step 3, the test node initiates a transaction;
if the equity value of the test node is sufficient, the test node is allowed to initiate a transaction.
Step 4, other nodes carry out transaction consensus on the transaction initiated by the test node;
the transaction initiated by the test node is broadcast to other nodes, and the other nodes perform transaction consensus on the transaction. In the embodiment, a Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm is adopted to carry out consensus on the transaction, if 2/3 electronic file nodes in the electronic file nodes agree to the transaction, the transaction is agreed, the test nodes and other nodes record the transaction, and step 5 is executed; otherwise, the transaction does not reach consensus, the transaction is rejected, and the transaction is finished.
When other nodes participate in the transaction consensus process, the other nodes need to record the transaction broadcast by the testing node and vote, and consume own storage space to store the transaction of the testing node, which belong to obligatory labor, and the block chain system records obligatory payment of the other nodes and gives an obligatory labor certificate.
Step 5, updating the private chain of the test node;
the transaction that achieves the consensus can be blocked, wherein blocking means that the transaction that achieves the consensus within a certain time is stored in a block to generate a block. Multiple transactions may be stored in a block. The test node is out of the block, the block is linked to the private chain of the test node, and the private chain of the test node is updated.
Step 6, updating the public link;
and triggering the public chain to update when the testing node rights and interests value is insufficient.
Step 6.1, as shown in fig. 2, checking whether the incremental backup is consistent, if yes, executing step 6.3, and if not, executing step 6.2
Incremental backup refers to testing all newly added transactions on the node private chain when the last public chain is updated to the current time. The step of checking whether the incremental backups are consistent refers to checking whether the incremental backups of the test node are consistent with the incremental backups of other nodes. The test node generates a hash value based on the incremental backup, broadcasts the hash value to other nodes, and the other nodes receive the hash value and check whether the hash value is consistent with the hash value generated by the incremental backup. If the hash values are different, incremental backup is inconsistent, other nodes return inconsistent transactions to the testing node, and step 6.2 is executed. If the hash values are the same, the incremental backups are consistent, and step 6.3 is executed.
6.2, the test node and other nodes carry out incremental backup synchronization to make the incremental backup reach a consistency;
if the incremental backups are inconsistent, as shown in fig. 3, the following three situations may be possible, and the test node and other nodes respectively perform corresponding processing on the three situations to make the incremental backups consistent.
a) Lack of transactions in incremental backups of test nodes
The test node obtains the transaction lacking in the incremental backup from other nodes and broadcasts one by one, after the other nodes receive the transaction, the transaction is compared with the transaction stored in the incremental backup of the test node one by one, if the transaction does not exist in the nodes exceeding 1/3 of the total number of the electronic file nodes, the transaction is considered to be absent, and the transaction is judged not to be lacking in the incremental backup of the test node; otherwise, the transaction exists, the transaction is determined to be absent in the incremental backup of the test node, and the test node records the transaction to the private chain and adds the transaction to the incremental backup.
b) Testing that transactions in incremental backups of nodes are inconsistent with transactions in incremental backups of other nodes
The test node obtains inconsistent transactions from other nodes and broadcasts the inconsistent transactions one by one, after the inconsistent transactions are received by the other nodes, the inconsistent transactions are compared with the transactions stored in the incremental backup of the test node one by one, if the transaction does not exist in the nodes exceeding 1/3 total nodes of the electronic file, the transaction is considered to be absent, and the incremental backup of the test node is judged not to be inconsistent with the incremental backup of the other nodes; otherwise, if the transaction exists, the incremental backup of the test node is judged to be inconsistent with the transaction stored by the incremental backups of other nodes, and the test node records the transaction to a private chain and modifies the incremental backups correspondingly.
c) Redundant transactions in incremental backups of test nodes
The test nodes broadcast redundant transactions one by one, after other nodes receive the transactions, the transactions are compared with the transactions stored in the incremental backup one by one, if the transactions do not exist in the nodes exceeding 1/3 of the total number of the electronic file nodes, the transactions in the incremental backup of the test nodes are judged to be redundant, and the transactions are deleted from the incremental backup by the test nodes; otherwise, the transaction is not a redundant transaction.
And other nodes participate in the process of checking whether the incremental backups are consistent or not, which belongs to the obligation labor process, and the block chain system records obligation payment of other nodes and gives obligation labor proofs.
6.3, the test node creates a block to store the transaction data in the incremental backup;
the test node creates a block, the transaction data in the incremental backup is stored in the block, and the data stored in the block is called block data. Blocks are created in order to add blocks to the public chain to update the public chain.
Step 6.4, checking the authenticity of the block data, if true, executing step 6.5, and if false, turning to step 6.3;
the specific content of the step comprises: the test node broadcasts the block data, and other nodes receive the block data and verify the block data and the incremental backups of the other nodes. If the check of the electronic file node exceeding 2/3 in the block chain system passes, the block data is considered to be real, and step 6.5 is executed, otherwise, the block data is considered to be not real, the block needs to be created again, and step 6.3 is executed;
and other nodes participate in the process of checking the authenticity of the block data, belonging to the obligation labor process, and the block chain system records the obligation payment of other nodes and gives obligation labor evidence.
Step 6.5, the electronic file node adds the block to the public chain to complete the updating of the public chain;
the process of participating in the public chain updating by the electronic archive node is divided into active participation and passive participation. The active participation means that the electronic file nodes actively participate in public chain updating, and comprises a process of participating in checking whether the incremental backup is consistent and a process of participating in checking the authenticity of the block data. The passive participation means that electronic file nodes in the blockchain system are forced to participate in public chain updating and participate in the process of checking the authenticity of the blockchain data.
And 7, respectively giving certain rights and interests to each electronic file node according to the obligation labor certification recorded by the block chain system.
After the public chain is updated, a certain equity value is awarded correspondingly according to the obligation labor certificate recorded by the block chain system when the electronic file node participates in the transaction consensus; the obligate labor evidence recorded by the block chain system is awarded with a certain equity value when the electronic file nodes participate in the public chain updating.
It should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An electronic archive consensus method based on block chains is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, a test node receives a transaction application initiated by a user;
step 2, the test node judges whether the right value is sufficient, if yes, step 3 is executed, and if not, step 6 is executed;
step 3, the test node initiates a transaction;
step 4, other nodes carry out transaction consensus on the transaction initiated by the test node, if the consensus is achieved, step 5 is executed, and if the consensus is not achieved, the transaction is rejected;
the block chain system records obligation payment of other nodes participating in the transaction consensus process and gives obligation labor evidence;
step 5, updating the private chain of the test node;
step 6, updating the public link;
step 6.1, checking whether the incremental backups are consistent, if so, executing step 6.3, and if not, executing step 6.2;
incremental backup means that all newly added transactions on the node private chain are tested when the last public chain is updated to the current time; the step of checking whether the incremental backups are consistent refers to checking whether the incremental backups of the test nodes are consistent with the incremental backups of other nodes;
6.2, the test node and other nodes carry out incremental backup synchronization to make the incremental backup reach a consistency;
the block chain system records obligation payment of other nodes participating in the process of checking whether the incremental backups are consistent or not, and provides obligation labor proofs;
step 6.3, the test node creates a block to store the transaction data in the incremental backup, and the data stored in the block is called block data;
step 6.4, checking the authenticity of the block data, if true, executing step 6.5, and if false, turning to step 6.3;
the block chain system records obligation payment of other nodes participating in the process of checking the authenticity of the block data and gives obligation labor evidence;
step 6.5, the electronic file node adds the block to the public chain to complete the updating of the public chain;
and 7, respectively giving certain rights and interests to each electronic file node according to the obligation labor certification recorded by the block chain system.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the testing node consumes a certain amount of interest each time it initiates a transaction.
3. The block chain-based electronic file consensus method of claim 1, wherein in step 4, a Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm is used to perform consensus on the transaction.
4. The block chain-based electronic archive consensus method according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, the method for testing node private chain update comprises: the transaction which achieves the consensus can be blocked, wherein the blocking refers to storing the transaction which achieves the consensus in a certain time into a block to generate a block; after the test node is out of the block, the block is linked to the private chain of the test node, and the private chain of the test node is updated.
5. The block chain-based electronic archive consensus method according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of step 6.1 is: the test node generates a hash value based on the incremental backup, broadcasts the hash value to other nodes, the other nodes receive the hash value and check whether the hash value is consistent with the hash value generated by the other nodes based on the incremental backup, if the hash values are different, the incremental backup is inconsistent, the other nodes return inconsistent transactions to the test node, and step 6.2 is executed, and if the hash values are the same, the incremental backup is consistent, and step 6.3 is executed.
6. The block chain-based electronic file consensus method according to claim 5, wherein in step 6.2, for a case that there is no transaction in the incremental backup of the test node, the test node obtains the transactions that are missing in the incremental backup from other nodes and broadcasts them one by one, after receiving the transactions from other nodes, the other nodes compare the transactions with the transactions stored in their incremental backups one by one, and if there is no transaction in the node that exceeds 1/3 total nodes of the electronic file, the transaction is considered to be absent, and it is determined that there is no transaction in the incremental backup of the test node; otherwise, the transaction exists, the transaction is determined to be absent in the incremental backup of the test node, and the test node records the transaction to the private chain and adds the transaction to the incremental backup.
7. The block chain-based electronic archive consensus method according to claim 5, wherein in step 6.2, for a case that a transaction in the incremental backup of the test node is inconsistent with a transaction in the incremental backup of another node, the test node obtains inconsistent transactions from another node and broadcasts one by one, the other node receives the inconsistent transactions and compares the inconsistent transactions with the transactions stored in its incremental backup one by one, if no transaction exists for a node exceeding 1/3 total nodes of the electronic archive node, the transaction is considered to be absent, and it is determined that the incremental backup of the test node is not inconsistent with the incremental backup of the another node; otherwise, if the transaction exists, the incremental backup of the test node is judged to be inconsistent with the transaction stored by the incremental backups of other nodes, and the test node records the transaction to a private chain and modifies the incremental backups correspondingly.
8. The block chain-based electronic file consensus method according to claim 5, wherein in step 6.2, for a case that there is a redundant transaction in the incremental backup of the test node, the test node broadcasts the redundant transaction one by one, after receiving by other nodes, compares the redundant transaction with the transaction stored in its incremental backup one by one, and if there is no transaction at a node exceeding 1/3 of the total number of electronic file nodes, determines that the transaction is redundant in the incremental backup of the test node, and deletes the transaction from the incremental backup by the test node; otherwise, the transaction is not a redundant transaction.
9. The method for block chain-based electronic file consensus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for checking the authenticity of the block data comprises: the test node broadcasts the block data, other nodes receive the block data, the block data and incremental backups of the other nodes are verified, if the electronic file nodes exceeding 2/3 in the block chain system pass verification, the block data are considered to be real, and if the block chain system does not pass verification, the block data are considered to be not real.
10. The block chain-based electronic archive consensus method according to claim 1, wherein the participation of the electronic archive nodes in the public chain update process is divided into active participation and passive participation; the active participation means that the electronic file nodes actively participate in public chain updating, and comprises a process of participating in checking whether the incremental backup is consistent and a process of participating in checking the authenticity of the block data; the passive participation means that electronic file nodes in the blockchain system are forced to participate in public chain updating and participate in the process of checking the authenticity of the blockchain data.
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