CN112698820A - Unified monitoring and management method and device for memory and switch and computer equipment - Google Patents
Unified monitoring and management method and device for memory and switch and computer equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a unified monitoring and management method, a unified monitoring and management device, computer equipment and a readable storage medium for a memory and a switch, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the host generates a monitoring data acquisition instruction; sending the monitoring data acquisition instruction to different equipment management software through a unified interface, wherein the unified interface is used for shielding the difference of the url acquired by the different equipment management software and the returned data format; acquiring the corresponding equipment information of the memory and the switch through the API of the different equipment management software; and receiving the equipment information through the unified interface, and storing the equipment information in a database for monitoring and management. According to the unified monitoring and management method and device for the memory and the switch, the computer equipment and the readable storage medium, the data format differences of different equipment management software of various manufacturers are shielded through the unified interface, the compatibility of equipment of different manufacturers is improved, and the development of an integrated monitoring platform is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of network technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for unified monitoring and management of a memory and a switch, a computer device, and a readable storage medium.
Background
With the continuous development of information technology, the internet plays an important role in society, and on the internet, data interaction and storage are particularly important. At present, storage equipment of different manufacturers exist in the market, but the storage equipment manufacturers all have own management software, and monitoring software of different manufacturers is incompatible with each other, so that management can not be performed through a unified platform. For example, storage products of three manufacturers, namely emc, netapp and hds, are mainly used in the security industry at present, each manufacturer has own management software, if equipment of multiple manufacturers exists in the environment, three sets of environments need to be logged for simple capacity management and capacity alarm to confirm and set, if relevant information is obtained according to api provided by each manufacturer, the obtaining url and data return formats of each manufacturer are different, and therefore classification of monitoring and definition of alarm levels are difficult to control. Meanwhile, different devices have different management software, and cannot be managed uniformly. For example, the monitoring software of the network switch generally cannot monitor and manage the storage device, and the monitoring software of the storage device, like the monitoring software of the storage device, cannot effectively manage the switch device, is inconvenient for custom monitoring, and cannot centralize and custom display the configuration information.
Disclosure of Invention
The application mainly aims to provide a method and a device for unified monitoring and management of a memory and an exchanger, computer equipment and a readable storage medium, and aims to solve the technical problems that monitoring software of different manufacturers of the same equipment is incompatible with each other, and management software of different equipment such as the memory and the exchanger cannot manage other equipment.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a unified monitoring and management method for a memory and a switch, including:
the host generates a monitoring data acquisition instruction;
sending the monitoring data acquisition instruction to different equipment management software through a unified interface, wherein the unified interface is used for shielding the difference of the url acquired by the different equipment management software and the returned data format;
acquiring the corresponding equipment information of the memory and the switch through the API of the different equipment management software;
and receiving the equipment information through the unified interface, and storing the equipment information in a database for monitoring and management.
Further, after the step of generating a monitoring data acquisition command by the host, the method includes:
and carrying out validity verification on the monitoring data acquisition instruction generated by the host.
Further, the step of verifying the validity of the monitoring data acquisition instruction generated by the host computer includes:
verifying at least one of a digital password, a fingerprint and a face password preset by a user;
and verifying the MAC address information or WWN information of the host device.
Further, the unified interface is written in Python language.
Further, after the step of receiving the device information through the unified interface and storing the device information in a database for monitoring and management, the method further includes:
setting an alarm level for the utilization rate of the storage equipment according to a preset rule;
reading the utilization rate information of the storage device in the database;
and when the utilization rate information of the storage equipment meets the preset rule, giving an alarm.
Further, after the step of receiving the device information through the unified interface and storing the device information in a database for monitoring and management, the method further includes:
WWN information of the host, the switch and the storage equipment is acquired and correlated, and topology drawing of the host, the switch and the storage equipment is realized;
and performing correlation query on the abnormal state in the database.
Further, after the step of performing the association query on the abnormal state in the database, the method further includes:
carrying out topology display on the abnormal state on a WEB interface and marking abnormal points;
and sending the WEB interface link to an equipment administrator.
The application also provides a unified monitoring and management device for the memory and the switch, which comprises:
the monitoring data acquisition instruction generating module is used for generating a monitoring data acquisition instruction;
the unified interface module is used for sending the monitoring data acquisition instruction to different equipment management software and shielding the difference of the url acquired by the different equipment management software and the returned data format;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the corresponding equipment information of the memory and the switch through the API of the different equipment management software;
and the data storage module is used for receiving the equipment information through the unified interface and storing the equipment information in a database for monitoring and management.
The present application further provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the steps of any of the above methods when executing the computer program.
The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of any of the above.
According to the unified monitoring and management method and device for the memory and the switch, the computer equipment and the readable storage medium, the data format differences of different equipment management software of various manufacturers are shielded through the unified interface, the compatibility of equipment of different manufacturers is improved, and the development of an integrated monitoring platform is facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a unified monitoring and management method for a memory and a switch according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a structure of a unified monitoring and management device for a memory and a switch according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application.
The objectives, features, and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a unified monitoring and management method for a memory and a switch, including the steps of:
s1, generating a monitoring data acquisition instruction by the host;
s2, sending the monitoring data acquisition instruction to different device management software through a unified interface, wherein the unified interface is used for shielding the differences of the url acquired by the different device management software and the returned data format;
s3, acquiring the device information of the corresponding memory and the corresponding switch through the API of the different device management software;
and S4, receiving the equipment information through the unified interface, and storing the equipment information in a database for monitoring and management.
As described above, in many network environments, switches and storage devices need to be monitored to ensure the proper operation of the devices. Most manufacturers have own management software, and monitoring software of different manufacturers is incompatible and cannot be managed through a unified platform. For example, the management software bna (brocade Network adapter) of the prior Network switch manufacturer, boke company, cannot manage the storage devices at the same time, and is inconvenient for custom monitoring. The HDS management suite of the storage equipment of Hitachi company cannot effectively manage switch equipment, is inconvenient for self-defined monitoring, cannot centralize and self-define configuration information to be displayed, and has similar defects in storage management software of other manufacturers such as EMC and NetApp. At present, the securities have storage products of three manufacturers, namely emc, netapp and hds, 3 sets of management software are used for management, three sets of environments need to be logged for confirmation and setting for simpler capacity management and capacity alarm, and if relevant information is acquired according to api provided by each manufacturer, the acquisition url and data return formats of each manufacturer are different. According to the scheme, a unified monitoring management method for the storage and switch equipment is provided, the differences of various manufacturers are shielded through a unified monitoring and configuration interface, and the development of an integrated monitoring platform and the data acquisition of a configuration management system are facilitated.
As shown in step S1, in order to implement the monitoring management of the storage and the switch, the monitoring data acquisition command of the host needs to be received, so as to be sent to the management software of each device to execute the data acquisition command. The monitoring data acquisition instructions may be generated by integrated monitoring software on the host computer.
As shown in step S2, the management software of the storage and the switch both have REST APIs for third parties to call, and are used for secondary development, and the external interfaces can be compiled by programming software for front-end applications to call. REST is an abbreviation of Representational State Transfer, the REST architectural style specifies that meta-operations of data, i.e. CRUD (create, read, update and delete, i.e. incremental, destructive and modification of data) operations, respectively correspond to HTTP methods: the GET is used for acquiring resources, the POST is used for newly building resources (also can be used for updating resources), the PUT is used for updating resources, and the DELETE is used for deleting resources, so that interfaces for data operation are unified, all the increasing, deleting, checking and modifying work of data can be completed only by an HTTP method, the developed interfaces can be universal by following the REST style, and the caller can conveniently understand the functions of the interfaces. When the unified interface is not used, data are acquired according to API provided by a manufacturer, url and data formats acquired by different management software are different, and unified integrated monitoring and management are inconvenient. The unified interface provides a unified standard RESTful interface for obtaining the appointed stored parameter configuration, performance data, health state data and the like.
An example of interface usage is as follows:
request URL: http:// api. storage. com/v1/perf
The request method comprises the following steps: get to
Request parameters: as shown in the following table by way of example
When receiving the request, the server (interface gateway) searches the brand model corresponding to the storage device from the Redis memory database according to the storage serial number, and manages the type and address of the software interface.
And then generating corresponding parameters according to the rules of the management software interface, initiating a request to the address of the management software interface, and simultaneously transmitting the corresponding parameters.
If the management software does not provide a RESTful interface, the unified interface can also call a self-defined tool script, run a performance data acquisition program provided by a storage manufacturer, or directly read a background database of the management software.
And finally, acquiring monitoring data, processing the monitoring data in a unified mode, and returning the monitoring data to the client in a jason format, for example:
as described above, the unified interface can shield the differences between the url acquired by different management software and the format of the returned data, and can implement unified monitoring and unified management on the switch and the storage device, and also implement unified management on the same type of devices of different manufacturers.
As described in step S3, when receiving the monitoring data acquisition instruction, the storage and switch management software may obtain the state information and configuration information of the storage and switch device through its own API. The state information comprises port state information of the switch, port flow information of the switch, capacity information of the storage device, utilization rate information of the storage device and the like. The configuration information includes WWN information of the switch login, switch zone information, WWN information of the memory, and the like.
In step S4, the monitoring data obtained by the device management software in step S3 is returned to the monitoring software through the unified interface for the monitoring software to view in real time, and the monitoring data is stored in the database for later invocation, for example, the usage rate of the memory in a period of time may be counted to arrange a capacity expansion plan.
In one embodiment, the step of generating the monitoring data acquisition command by the host further includes performing validity verification on the monitoring data acquisition command generated by the host.
As described above, in order to ensure data security, the validity of the monitoring data acquisition instruction may be verified before the monitoring data acquisition. The validity verification can be carried out by means of identity authentication or key verification, and the instruction passing the validity verification is executed.
In a specific embodiment, the step of verifying the validity of the monitoring data acquisition command generated by the host computer includes:
verifying at least one of a digital password, a fingerprint and a face password preset by a user;
and verifying the MAC address information or WWN information of the host device. As described above, the validity of the data collection instruction may be verified by verifying the identity information of the operating user and/or verifying the device information of the host device that generated the monitoring data collection instruction. The identity information of the user can be verified in a digital password, a fingerprint password of the user, a face password of the user and the like; the device information of the host can be verified in a manner of verifying the MAC address information or WWN information of the host device.
In a specific embodiment, the unified interface is written in Python language. The management software of the storage and switch equipment generally has RESTAPI for re-development and use, can be programmed by using Python language, and has unified external interfaces, thereby shielding the difference of url acquisition and data format return of different management software, and facilitating the development of an integrated monitoring platform and the data acquisition of a configuration management system. The Python is a high-level programming language for writing application programs, provides a very complete basic code library, covers a large amount of contents such as networks, files, GUIs, databases and texts, and is convenient to use due to the fact that the Python also has a large amount of third party libraries, and provides rich APIs and tools for programmers to easily write expansion modules by using C language, C + +, Python. The Python compiler itself can also be integrated into other programs that require a scripting language.
In one embodiment, the step of receiving the device information through the unified interface and storing the device information in a database for monitoring management further includes:
setting an alarm level for the utilization rate of the storage equipment according to a preset rule;
reading the utilization rate information of the storage device in the database;
and when the utilization rate information of the storage equipment meets the preset rule, giving an alarm.
As described above, corresponding alarm information may be set according to the acquired device state information. For example, in this embodiment, the alarm level may be set according to the obtained usage rate of the storage device. In the securities industry, the security importance of the storage device is self-evident, and when the utilization rate of the storage device reaches a certain threshold value, a corresponding alarm level can be set, and an administrator is reminded to perform capacity expansion or data dump in time. Specifically, when the actual utilization rate of the storage reaches 80%, one alarm level is set, and when the actual utilization rate reaches 90%, the alarm level is a higher alarm level, and alarm modes of different alarm levels are different. Similarly, corresponding alarm levels can be set for switch port status, port traffic.
In one embodiment, the step of receiving the device information through the unified interface and storing the device information in a database for monitoring management further includes:
WWN information of the host, the switch and the storage equipment is acquired and correlated, and topology drawing of the host, the switch and the storage equipment is realized;
and performing correlation query on the abnormal state in the database.
As described above, WWN information of the host, the switch, and the storage device is acquired, and the host (WWN information), the switch (WWN information of logic, zone information), and storage-related (WWN) information are integrated by the Python program and stored in the database. The WWN, World Wide Name, refers to a globally unique Name, usually a unique 48-or 64-digit number assigned by an authoritative organization, specifically formulated as a recognized Name authority (usually assigned to the manufacturer by region) to distinguish one or a group of network connections to identify a connection or set of connections on the network, through which the association of devices in a network environment can be accomplished. The relevant information of the host can be obtained through an existing cmdb configuration database, and the cmdb refers to a configuration management database which stores and manages various configuration information of the equipment in the enterprise IT architecture, so that the WWN information of the equipment can be obtained. The storage and the configuration information of the switch can be obtained through equipment management software of various manufacturers, and WWN information of the switch and the storage equipment can be obtained from the configuration information. Information can be corresponded to a switch port through the host wwn, and information can also be corresponded to storage through the host wwn, so that the three can be associated, and the topology drawing of host-switch-storage is realized. And storing the associated information into a database. In order to realize monitoring, the host needs to perform ping test every 2 minutes (or directly call the current host monitoring state information), the switch acquires the port state every 2 minutes, stores the ping test to the controller, records the related state, and performs correlation query on the state abnormity.
In one embodiment, the step of performing an association query on the abnormal state in the database further comprises:
carrying out topology display on the abnormal state on a WEB interface and marking abnormal points;
and sending the WEB interface link to an equipment administrator.
As described above, after the host-switch-stored topology drawing is implemented, the association query can be performed on the abnormal state of the device. The abnormal state can be displayed on a WEB interface in a topology display mode, so that an administrator or operation and maintenance personnel can be helped to find the abnormal state more intuitively and vividly. In order to enable the manager or the operation and maintenance personnel to obtain the abnormal information in time, the manager or the operation and maintenance personnel can be notified in a mail or mobile phone application program message reminding mode, and the notified content can be attached with the connection of the WEB interface, so that the manager or the operation and maintenance personnel can obtain the abnormal position at the first time and process the abnormal position in time.
According to the unified monitoring and management method for the memory and the switch, the data format differences of different equipment management software of each manufacturer are shielded through the unified interface, the compatibility of equipment of different manufacturers is improved, the development of an integrated monitoring platform is facilitated, the integration level of a monitoring system is improved through topological correlation of the equipment, and the fault can be found and positioned quickly.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present application further provides a unified monitoring and management device for a memory and a switch, including:
the monitoring data acquisition instruction generating module 1 is used for generating a monitoring data acquisition instruction;
the unified interface module 2 is used for sending the monitoring data acquisition instruction to equipment management software and shielding the difference between the url acquired by different equipment management software and the returned data format;
the data acquisition module 3 is used for acquiring the equipment information of the memory and the switch through the API of the equipment management software;
and the data storage module 4 is used for storing the equipment information returned by the unified interface in a database.
As described above, it can be understood that the components of the device for unified monitoring and management of a memory and an exchanger provided in the present invention can implement the functions of any one of the methods for unified monitoring and management of a memory and an exchanger, and the detailed structure is not described again.
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, where the computer device may be a server, and an internal structure of the computer device may be as shown in fig. 3. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, and a database connected by a system bus. Wherein the computer designed processor is used to provide computational and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device comprises a nonvolatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used for data such as device information of the memory and the switch. The network interface of the computer device is used for communicating with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement a memory and switch unified monitoring management method.
The processor executes the memory and switch unified monitoring management method, which comprises the following steps: the host generates a monitoring data acquisition instruction; sending the monitoring data acquisition instruction to different equipment management software through a unified interface, wherein the unified interface is used for shielding the difference of the url acquired by the different equipment management software and the returned data format; acquiring the corresponding equipment information of the memory and the switch through the API of the different equipment management software; and receiving the equipment information through the unified interface, and storing the equipment information in a database for monitoring and management.
In one embodiment, the step of generating the monitoring data acquisition command by the host further includes performing validity verification on the monitoring data acquisition command generated by the host.
In a specific embodiment, the step of verifying the validity of the monitoring data acquisition command generated by the host computer includes:
verifying at least one of a digital password, a fingerprint and a face password preset by a user;
and verifying the MAC address information or WWN information of the host device.
In a specific embodiment, the unified interface is written in Python language.
In one embodiment, the step of receiving the device information through the unified interface and storing the device information in a database for monitoring management further includes: setting an alarm level for the utilization rate of the storage equipment according to a preset rule; reading the utilization rate information of the storage device in the database; and when the utilization rate information of the storage equipment meets the preset rule, giving an alarm.
In one embodiment, the step of receiving the device information through the unified interface and storing the device information in a database for monitoring management further includes: WWN information of the host, the switch and the storage equipment is acquired and correlated, and topology drawing of the host, the switch and the storage equipment is realized; and performing correlation query on the abnormal state in the database.
In one embodiment, the step of performing an association query on the abnormal state in the database further comprises: carrying out topology display on the abnormal state on a WEB interface and marking abnormal points; and sending the WEB interface link to an equipment administrator.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for unified monitoring and management of a memory and a switch, and the method includes the following steps: the host generates a monitoring data acquisition instruction; sending the monitoring data acquisition instruction to different equipment management software through a unified interface, wherein the unified interface is used for shielding the difference of the url acquired by the different equipment management software and the returned data format; acquiring the corresponding equipment information of the memory and the switch through the API of the different equipment management software; and receiving the equipment information through the unified interface, and storing the equipment information in a database for monitoring and management.
According to the unified monitoring and management method for the memory and the switch, the data format differences of management software of different equipment of various manufacturers are shielded through the unified interface, the compatibility of the equipment of different manufacturers is improved, the development of an integrated monitoring platform is facilitated, the integration level of a monitoring system is improved through the topological correlation of the equipment, and the rapid discovery and positioning of faults can be realized.
In one embodiment, the step of generating the monitoring data acquisition command by the host further includes performing validity verification on the monitoring data acquisition command generated by the host.
In a specific embodiment, the step of verifying the validity of the monitoring data acquisition command generated by the host computer includes:
verifying at least one of a digital password, a fingerprint and a face password preset by a user;
and verifying the MAC address information or WWN information of the host device.
In a specific embodiment, the unified interface is written in Python language.
In one embodiment, the step of receiving the device information through the unified interface and storing the device information in a database for monitoring management further includes: setting an alarm level for the utilization rate of the storage equipment according to a preset rule; reading the utilization rate information of the storage device in the database; and when the utilization rate information of the storage equipment meets the preset rule, giving an alarm.
In one embodiment, the step of receiving the device information through the unified interface and storing the device information in a database for monitoring management further includes: WWN information of the host, the switch and the storage equipment is acquired and correlated, and topology drawing of the host, the switch and the storage equipment is realized; and performing correlation query on the abnormal state in the database.
In one embodiment, the step of performing an association query on the abnormal state in the database further comprises: carrying out topology display on the abnormal state on a WEB interface and marking abnormal points; and sending the WEB interface link to an equipment administrator.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium provided herein and used in the examples may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double-rate SDRAM (SSRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, apparatus, article, or method that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, apparatus, article, or method. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, apparatus, article, or method that includes the element.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present application, or which are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are also included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A unified monitoring and management method for a memory and a switch is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the host generates a monitoring data acquisition instruction;
sending the monitoring data acquisition instruction to different equipment management software through a unified interface, wherein the unified interface is used for shielding the difference of the url acquired by the different equipment management software and the returned data format;
acquiring the corresponding equipment information of the memory and the switch through the API of the different equipment management software;
and receiving the equipment information through the unified interface, and storing the equipment information in a database for monitoring and management.
2. The unified monitoring and management method for storage and switch according to claim 1, wherein after the step of generating monitoring data collection command by the host, the method comprises:
and carrying out validity verification on the monitoring data acquisition instruction generated by the host.
3. The method for unified monitoring and management of storage and switch as claimed in claim 2, wherein said step of validating validity of monitoring data collection command generated by host computer comprises:
verifying at least one of a digital password, a fingerprint and a face password preset by a user;
and verifying the MAC address information or WWN information of the host device.
4. The method for unified monitoring and management of storage and switches according to claim 1, wherein the unified interface is written in Python language.
5. The method for unified monitoring and management of storage and switches according to claim 1, wherein the step of receiving the device information through the unified interface and storing the device information in a database for monitoring and management further comprises:
setting an alarm level for the utilization rate of the storage equipment according to a preset rule;
reading the utilization rate information of the storage device in the database;
and when the utilization rate information of the storage equipment meets the preset rule, giving an alarm.
6. The method for unified monitoring and management of storage and switches as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of receiving the device information through the unified interface and storing the device information in the database for monitoring and management further comprises:
WWN information of the host, the switch and the storage equipment is acquired and correlated, and topology drawing of the host, the switch and the storage equipment is realized;
and performing correlation query on the abnormal state in the database.
7. The unified monitoring and management method for storage and switches according to any of claims 1-6, further comprising after the step of performing the association query for abnormal status in the database:
carrying out topology display on the abnormal state on a WEB interface and marking abnormal points;
and sending the WEB interface link to an equipment administrator.
8. A unified monitoring and management device for a memory and a switch is characterized by comprising the following components:
the monitoring data acquisition instruction generating module is used for generating a monitoring data acquisition instruction;
the unified interface module is used for sending the monitoring data acquisition instruction to different equipment management software and shielding the difference of the url acquired by the different equipment management software and the returned data format;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the corresponding equipment information of the memory and the switch through the API of the different equipment management software;
and the data storage module is used for receiving the equipment information through the unified interface and storing the equipment information in a database for monitoring and management.
9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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