CN112698386A - Safety monitoring method for tailing pond - Google Patents
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- CN112698386A CN112698386A CN202011451271.0A CN202011451271A CN112698386A CN 112698386 A CN112698386 A CN 112698386A CN 202011451271 A CN202011451271 A CN 202011451271A CN 112698386 A CN112698386 A CN 112698386A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- JOJYUFGTMHSFEE-YONYXQDTSA-M Cytarabine ocfosphate Chemical compound [Na+].O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)O[C@H]1N1C(=O)N=C(N)C=C1 JOJYUFGTMHSFEE-YONYXQDTSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
- G01V1/181—Geophones
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/303—Analysis for determining velocity profiles or travel times
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
- G01V2210/14—Signal detection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
- G01V2210/622—Velocity, density or impedance
- G01V2210/6222—Velocity; travel time
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a safety monitoring method for a tailing pond, which comprises the following steps: s1, arranging a circular observation array by using a SPAC method; s2, detecting the tailing pond, processing data according to the principle of a micro-motion investigation method after observation data are obtained, and the tailing pond safety monitoring method comprises the steps of obtaining an S-wave velocity profile of the tailing pond by the micro-motion investigation method, determining lithologic layering and distribution of geological abnormal bodies of the water-wood-washed tailing pond according to an S-wave velocity structure, analyzing the influence of the water-wood-washed tailing pond on the stability of the tailing pond according to the engineering characteristics of different lithologic layers or geological bodies, and finally providing corresponding prevention and treatment measures aiming at the potential safety hazard area of the tailing pond, thereby being beneficial to disaster prevention and treatment of the tailing pond.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of safety monitoring of tailing ponds, and particularly relates to a safety monitoring method of a tailing pond.
Background
The development and utilization of various mineral resources cannot be separated from the progress and development of human civilization, and the number of tailing ponds is gradually increased along with the increasing investment of more and more mines in production. The tailing pond is a site which is built by damming and intercepting a valley opening or surrounding land and is used for stockpiling tailings or other industrial waste residues discharged after mineral processing and screening. As the dam body of the tailing pond is high, the capacity is large, the composition is complex and effective safety management is lacked, the tailing pond becomes an artificial debris flow danger source with high potential energy, huge potential safety hazards exist, once the tailing pond is unstable, mud wrapped with a large amount of toxic substances is poured out, and houses, farmlands, roads and rivers at the downstream are not covered, so that serious life and property losses and ecological environment pollution are caused. For example, a dam break occurs in an iron ore tailings pond in brazilian brunadinho city in 1 month in 2019, tailings exceeding 11 × 106m3 leak, at least 237 people die, rivers with the length of 300km are polluted, and the life of hundreds of thousands of people is affected. Therefore, the method has great scientific and social significance on preventing the occurrence of dam break accidents of the tailing pond and reducing the loss caused by catastrophic events.
The safety monitoring technology of the tailing pond is an important means for investigating the cause of instability of the tailing pond and early warning and forecasting of the cause, and scholars at home and abroad have carried out a great deal of research work. At present, the deep monitoring technologies such as drilling, sensor pre-embedding in a hole and the like are widely applied, the deep monitoring technologies can directly monitor the underground structure deformation of the tailing pond, but the whole information of the internal structure of the tailing pond cannot be acquired, and the structure of the pond body is damaged due to the drilling, so that the instability risk is increased; and surface displacement monitoring technologies such as a Global Positioning System (GPS), a synthetic aperture radar interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), three-dimensional laser scanning, video monitoring and the like, which can macroscopically measure the deformation of the ground surface of the tailing pond and predict instability, but cannot monitor the internal damage of the tailing pond before instability, and have the problem of disaster prediction hysteresis. Therefore, a nondestructive technology capable of deep macroscopic monitoring is needed to broaden investigation content of a tailing pond monitoring system and achieve the purpose of comprehensively and accurately evaluating safety of a tailing pond.
The micro-motion investigation method is a passive source surface wave exploration technology for carrying out underground space imaging by utilizing micro-motion signals. The micro-motion signal generally originates from the weak ground surface vibration caused by artificial activities and natural phenomena, such as the signal with the frequency f more than or equal to 1Hz generated by activities such as road traffic, mechanical operation and the like; the phenomena of river water flowing, sea wave beating, atmospheric pressure change and the like generate signals with the frequency f less than or equal to 1Hz, so the micro-motion investigation method has the advantages of large detection depth, wide application range, no destructiveness and the like, is widely applied to bedrock detection, slope stability evaluation and coal mine collapse column investigation, and achieves good effects. However, few people apply the method to the safety monitoring of the tailings pond.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safety monitoring method for a tailing pond, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a safety monitoring method for a tailing pond comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a circular observation array by using a SPAC method;
and S2, detecting the tailings pond, and after acquiring the observation data, processing the data according to the principle of the micro-motion investigation method.
Preferably, in S1, the circular observation array is composed of 10 geophones.
Preferably, in S2, the instruments used in the test are mainly a DAQlink-III data acquisition device and a conventional single-component detector, wherein the DAQlink-III data acquisition device includes DAQlink unit, cable, GPS, power supply, computer, etc.
Preferably, S2 includes the following steps when performing data processing:
firstly, segmenting actually measured data at a time interval of 5s, and removing data segments with obvious interference;
b, calculating a spatial autocorrelation coefficient in a frequency domain by using a Fourier transform method, fitting a first class of zero-order Bessel function to obtain a frequency dispersion spectrum, and manually selecting a frequency dispersion curve in an available frequency range in the frequency dispersion spectrum;
d, then, inverting the frequency dispersion curve by using a genetic algorithm to obtain an optimal S-wave velocity model, wherein the population size is 128, the cross probability is 0.90, the variation probability is 0.02, and the iteration number is 30;
and D, finally, combining the S-wave velocity models at each measuring point to perform interpolation and smooth calculation to obtain a two-dimensional S-wave velocity profile so as to analyze the underground structure.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: according to the tailing pond safety monitoring method, micro-motion is applied to safety monitoring of a tailing pond, the geological structure characteristics of the interior of the tailing pond are explored, the influence of the micro-motion on the stability of the tailing pond is analyzed according to the engineering characteristics of different lithological layers or geologic bodies, and finally corresponding prevention measures are provided for potential safety hazard areas of the tailing pond, so that the micro-motion investigation method is successfully applied to safety monitoring of the tailing pond, that is, the micro-motion technology can be combined with the current 'heaven-earth-air' tailing pond safety monitoring technology to form a real 'heaven, earth and underground' all-around and nondestructive safety monitoring technology system, and the tailing pond safety monitoring method has a very good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an observation system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a jogging data processing flow of the present invention;
figure 3 is a Vs velocity profile of a tailings pond of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a tailing pond safety monitoring method as shown in figures 1-3, and aims to provide a method for monitoring the safety of a tailing pond, wherein a water-wood tailing pond (30 degrees 55 'N and 117 degrees 50' E) is located in a leapfrog village in the west lake town of a Cuguan region about 3.5km above the east of the city of Toxico, Anhui province, the altitude is about 300-400 m, and the method is a research embodiment and comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging the observation system as shown in fig. 2 by using the circular observation array used in the arrangement by the SPAC method. FIG. 1(a) is a single point circular survey array consisting of 10 geophones, wherein geophone S1 is located at the center, called the survey point, and the remaining 9 points are uniformly distributed on the circumference of 3 circles with radii R1, R2, R3, called the sites; r is an observation radius, the detection depth H of the SPAC method is about 2-5 of the observation radius R, and the dam height of the tailings pond is 60.9m according to the design information of the bakelite flushing tailings pond. Therefore, the maximum observation radius R3 is 30m, the middle radius R2 is 15m, and the minimum radius R3 is 7.5m so as to meet the requirements of exploration depth and precision;
as shown in fig. 1(b), in actual work, the single-point circular array is observed point by point along the survey line, so as to achieve the purpose of two-dimensional detection of the geological structure. Therefore, 1 measuring line L1 is arranged in the direction parallel to the dam crest, the distance is 10m, 17 measuring points are provided, and the thickness of the lithologic layer and the transverse distribution of the geological abnormal body can be obtained; 1 longitudinal measuring line L2 is arranged in the direction of the vertical dam axis, the measuring point distance changes with the terrain, and 16 measuring points are provided in total, so as to obtain the longitudinal distribution of the rock-soil layer and the geological abnormal body.
S2, detecting the tailings pond, and processing data according to the principle of the micro-motion investigation method after acquiring observation data, wherein the method comprises the following steps: segmenting the actually measured data at a time interval of 5s, and removing data segments with obvious interference; then, calculating a spatial autocorrelation coefficient in a frequency domain by using a Fourier transform method, fitting a first class of zero-order Bessel function to obtain a frequency dispersion spectrum, and manually selecting a frequency dispersion curve in an available frequency range in the frequency dispersion spectrum; then, inverting the dispersion curve by using a genetic algorithm to obtain an optimal S-wave velocity model, wherein the population size is 128, the cross probability is 0.90, the variation probability is 0.02, and the iteration number is 30; and finally, combining the S-wave velocity models at each measuring point to perform interpolation and smooth calculation to obtain a two-dimensional S-wave velocity profile so as to perform underground structure analysis, wherein the minimum fitting error of the inverse of the dispersion curve is 4.01%, which indicates that the data extraction quality is better, and the specific process can be seen in FIG. 2 (sequentially comprising a micro-motion signal, a frequency spectrogram, a dispersion curve and a one-dimensional velocity model).
The velocity profile of the waterflooding tailing pond is shown in fig. 3 (a Vs velocity profile of an upper measuring line L1 and a Vs velocity profile of a lower measuring line L2), black solid inverted triangles represent measuring points of a micro-motion observation array, and black dotted lines represent interfaces of different rock strata. Because of the difference of the particle size and lithology of the tailings, the velocity profile of the tailings pond is roughly divided into three layers: a fine tailings bed with a boundary depth of about 12 m; a coarse tailing layer with a boundary depth of about 60 m; the depth of the stratum is below 60 m. The reason why the velocity of Vs on the right side of the fine tailings bed of the section P1 is greater than that on the left side is that the tailings and engineering equipment are piled south of the line L1, increasing the overlying pressure of the tailings in the area, causing the tailings to be compacted, and thus increasing the velocity of Vs. The interface of the coarse tailings layer and the formation at profile P1 shows a significant depressed low velocity zone, which may be due to the presence of fractures in the rock of the formation. The cracks can become a preferential flow path of the tailings percolate, when the percolate flows in the cracks, the percolate is subjected to hydraulic and chemical erosion continuously, the strength of a rock mass is weakened, and the safety of a tailings pond is reduced.
The white dotted line (middle oval dotted line) represents a low-velocity geological anomaly in the tailings pond. As can be seen from fig. 3, there are two low velocity zones at horizontal distances 40m, 110m, depth 38m of profile P1, which may be due to weak mud layers or lenticles formed during tailings discharge and sedimentation. Due to the large pores and low strength of the lens body, the deformation and collapse of the reservoir body are easily caused, so that great potential safety hazard exists, and attention should be paid to reinforcing and protecting the region. At a horizontal distance of 0-80m, at a depth of 36m, in section P2, there is a large and irregularly shaped low velocity zone due to water penetration in the area above it, which results in an increase in the water content of the tailings below the excavation face, and hence a reduction in Vs velocity. Moreover, as the excavation surface topography is low, rainwater in the reservoir area is easy to collect and form water storage, continuous seepage can be provided, tailings in the area are corroded by the rainwater for a long time, the crack development of the tailings is accelerated, weak zones in the area are continuously expanded, piping is easy to form, even the excavation broken surface collapses, the safety of sand mining operators and tailings reservoirs is damaged, rainwater interception, diversion or seepage prevention measures are carried out on the area, and the content of the rainwater on the excavation surface is reduced. At a horizontal distance 123-308m of P2, a prolate low velocity zone is present at a depth of 23 m. This is due to the penetration of water into the area by the reservoir at the end of the tailings pond, resulting in an increase in the water content of the area and a decrease in the Vs velocity. When the water content of the tailings is increased, the effective stress among particles is reduced, and once the tailings are subjected to strong external force, the liquefaction phenomenon is easy to occur, the stability of a tailing pond is not facilitated, and the tailings are required to be reinforced in time.
Finally, the geological structure of the tailings pond is composed of three parts, namely a fine tailings layer (the average depth h is approximately equal to 12.5m), a coarse tailings layer (the average depth h is approximately equal to 61.9m) and an original stratum. Where the stability of the tailings pond is compromised due to poor engineering properties of the fine tailings, it is recommended to reduce or eliminate the height of the fine tailings bed.
The micro-motion S-wave velocity profile shows 5 low-speed geological anomalies of the water-wood tailing pond, which are respectively interpreted as 2 lenticles (X is 41m, Y is 37m, X is 107m, Y is 39m) below the axis of the dam crest, a rock fissure zone (X is 54m) of the original stratum at 1 and a rainwater infiltration zone (X is 4-21m, Y is 33m, X is 123-186m, 24m) at 2 which are positioned below the excavation face and near the tailing pond. They are mainly distributed in the coarse-grained tailing layer of the water-wood tailing pond, are not beneficial to the stability of the tailing pond, and should enhance the supervision or protection of the coarse-grained tailing layer
Specifically, in S2, the instruments used in the test are mainly a DAQlink-III data acquisition device and a conventional single-component detector, wherein the DAQlink-III data acquisition device includes a DAQlink unit, a cable, a GPS, a power supply, a computer, and other components.
Specifically, the method for monitoring the safety of the tailings pond takes the waste cuprum majoram water-wood tailing pond as a research object, utilizes a micro-motion investigation method to obtain an S-wave velocity profile of the tailings pond, defines lithologic layering and distribution of geological abnormal bodies of the water-wood tailing pond according to an S-wave velocity structure, analyzes the influence of the water-wood tailing pond on the stability of the tailings pond according to the engineering characteristics of different lithologic layers or geological bodies, and finally provides corresponding prevention and control measures aiming at the potential safety hazard area of the tailings pond, so that the research result can provide reference data for the safety management of the water-wood tailing pond, and is favorable for disaster prevention and control of the tailings pond.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A safety monitoring method for a tailing pond is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a circular observation array by using a SPAC method;
and S2, detecting the tailings pond, and after acquiring the observation data, processing the data according to the principle of the micro-motion investigation method.
2. The tailings pond safety monitoring method of claim 1, which is characterized in that: in S1, the circular observation array is composed of 10 geophones.
3. The tailings pond safety monitoring method of claim 1, which is characterized in that: in S2, the instruments used in the test are mainly a DAQlink-III data acquisition device and a conventional single-component detector, wherein the DAQlink-III data acquisition device comprises a DAQlink unit, a cable, a GPS, a power supply, a computer and other components.
4. The tailings pond safety monitoring method of claim 1, which is characterized in that: s2 includes the steps of, when performing data processing:
firstly, segmenting actually measured data at a time interval of 5s, and removing data segments with obvious interference;
b, calculating a spatial autocorrelation coefficient in a frequency domain by using a Fourier transform method, fitting a first class of zero-order Bessel function to obtain a frequency dispersion spectrum, and manually selecting a frequency dispersion curve in an available frequency range in the frequency dispersion spectrum;
c, then, inverting the dispersion curve by using a genetic algorithm to obtain an optimal S-wave velocity model, wherein the population size is 128, the cross probability is 0.90, the variation probability is 0.02, and the iteration number is 30;
and D, finally, combining the S-wave velocity models at each measuring point to perform interpolation and smooth calculation to obtain a two-dimensional S-wave velocity profile so as to analyze the underground structure.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117743620A (en) * | 2024-02-21 | 2024-03-22 | 中国有色金属工业昆明勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Large rock-soil intelligent counting system |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111025380A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-04-17 | 河南理工大学 | Mine micro-seismic observation system design and surface wave extraction method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111025380A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-04-17 | 河南理工大学 | Mine micro-seismic observation system design and surface wave extraction method |
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| BAOQING TIAN,ET AL.: "Application effectiveness of the microtremor survey method in the exploration of geothermal resources", 《JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICS AND ENGINEERING》 * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117743620A (en) * | 2024-02-21 | 2024-03-22 | 中国有色金属工业昆明勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Large rock-soil intelligent counting system |
| CN117743620B (en) * | 2024-02-21 | 2024-05-03 | 中国有色金属工业昆明勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Large rock-soil intelligent counting system |
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