CN112698229B

CN112698229B - Short-circuit current detection method and device, readable storage medium and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN112698229B
Application number: CN202011453518.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢红斌
Original assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-11
Filing date: 2020-12-11
Publication date: 2024-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-11
Also published as: CN112698229A

Abstract

The application discloses a short-circuit current detection method and device, a readable medium and electronic equipment. The short-circuit current detection method comprises the following steps: determining open circuit voltages corresponding to preset SOC (system on chip) under different currents and battery terminal voltages through a preset equivalent circuit model of the battery; according to a first open circuit voltage and a second open circuit voltage obtained in a period to be detected, respectively determining a first SOC corresponding to the first open circuit voltage and a second SOC corresponding to the second open circuit voltage according to a corresponding relation between a preset open circuit voltage and the SOC; the first open-circuit voltage and the second open-circuit voltage are respectively open-circuit voltages corresponding to the starting time and the ending time of the period to be detected; determining a first electric quantity change value according to the first SOC and the second SOC; calculating a second electric quantity change value of the battery in the period to be measured according to the duration of the period to be measured and the discharge current; and determining the short circuit current of the battery in the period to be detected according to the first electric quantity change value and the second electric quantity change value. By adopting the method, the accuracy of detecting the short-circuit current can be improved.

Description

Short-circuit current detection method and device, readable storage medium and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of electronic devices, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for detecting short-circuit current, a readable storage medium, and an electronic device.

Background

In electronic devices (e.g., smart devices such as smartphones, tablet computers, etc.), rechargeable batteries are commonly used. The protection board is added to the rechargeable battery in the electronic equipment to control the overcharge, overdischarge, overvoltage and overcurrent, temperature and the like of the battery, so that the use safety of the battery is improved, and the use safety of the electronic equipment can be ensured. However, the protection plate function is not capable of detecting short circuits, leakage currents and the like in the battery. While the internal short circuit of the battery is slow to develop, safety problems such as thermal runaway, overcharge or overdischarge may occur to some extent.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a short-circuit current detection method and device, a readable storage medium and electronic equipment, which can improve the accuracy of short-circuit current detection in a battery and the safety of a user in using the electronic equipment.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting an open circuit voltage of a battery, including:

In the process of charging or discharging the battery in a preset period, determining ohmic internal resistance, polarized internal resistance and polarized capacitance corresponding to a preset state of charge (SOC) by adopting an equivalent circuit model according to the initial open circuit voltage;

Determining the corresponding relation between the voltage and the current of the battery terminal according to the ohmic internal resistance, the polarized internal resistance and the polarized capacitance;

And determining the open circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under different currents and battery terminal voltages according to the corresponding relation.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a short-circuit current detection method, including:

determining the corresponding relation between the voltage and the current of the battery terminal according to the preset ohmic internal resistance, the polarized internal resistance and the polarized capacitance;

Determining the open circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under different currents and battery terminal voltages according to the corresponding relation;

Determining a first open-circuit voltage corresponding to the starting time of a period to be detected and a second open-circuit voltage corresponding to the ending time of the period to be detected;

determining a first SOC corresponding to the first open-circuit voltage and a second SOC corresponding to the second open-circuit voltage according to the open-circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under the different currents and the battery terminal voltage respectively;

determining a first theoretical electric quantity change value according to the first SOC and the second SOC;

Calculating a second electric quantity change value of the battery in the period to be measured according to the duration of the period to be measured and the discharge current;

and determining the short-circuit current of the battery in the period to be detected according to the first electric quantity change value and the second electric quantity change value.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery open-circuit voltage detection device, including:

the first determining module is used for determining ohmic internal resistance, polarized internal resistance and polarized capacitance corresponding to the preset state of charge (SOC) by adopting an equivalent circuit model according to the initial open circuit voltage in the process of charging or discharging the battery within a preset period;

the second determining module is used for determining the corresponding relation between the voltage and the current of the battery terminal according to the ohmic internal resistance, the polarized internal resistance and the polarized capacitance;

and the third determining module is used for determining the open circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under different currents and battery terminal voltages according to the corresponding relation.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a short-circuit current detection apparatus, including:

A third determining module, configured to determine an open circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under different currents and battery terminal voltages according to the correspondence;

A fourth determining module, configured to determine a first open-circuit voltage corresponding to a start time of a period to be measured and a second open-circuit voltage corresponding to an end time of the period to be measured;

A fifth determining module, configured to determine, according to the different currents and the open-circuit voltages corresponding to the preset SOCs at the battery terminal voltages, a first SOC corresponding to the first open-circuit voltage, and a second SOC corresponding to the second open-circuit voltage, respectively;

A sixth determining module, configured to determine a first power change value according to the first SOC and the second SOC;

the calculation module is used for calculating a second electric quantity change value of the battery in the period to be measured according to the duration of the period to be measured and the discharge current;

And a seventh determining module, configured to determine a short-circuit current of the battery in the period to be measured according to the first electric quantity variation value and the second electric quantity variation value.

In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the method steps provided in the first or second aspects of embodiments of the present application.

In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the method steps provided in the second aspect of embodiments of the present application.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores a computer program adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the method steps provided in the first or second aspect of the embodiments of the present application.

In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores a computer program adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the method steps provided by the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the application has the beneficial effects that at least:

In the embodiment of the application, the theoretical open-circuit voltage of the battery can be calculated through the equivalent circuit model of the battery, the theoretical electric quantity change value of the battery in the charging or discharging process can be calculated according to the theoretical open-circuit voltage, and the short-circuit current of the battery can be obtained according to the theoretical electric quantity change value and the actually measured electric quantity change value. By adopting the equivalent circuit model, the accuracy of short-circuit current detection in the battery can be improved, the safety of using the electronic equipment by a user is improved, and meanwhile, the hardware cost can be reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit model of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2a is a schematic flow chart of an open-circuit voltage detection method according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2b is a schematic diagram illustrating a correspondence between a battery terminal voltage U _t and a time t according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 3 is a flow chart of another open circuit voltage detection method according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a short-circuit current detection method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of another short-circuit current detection method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of another short-circuit current detection method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an open-circuit voltage detection device according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a short-circuit current detection device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the application as detailed in the accompanying claims.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship.

The terminal voltage of the battery in an open state is referred to as the open circuit voltage (Open circuit voltage, OCV). The open circuit voltage of a battery is equal to the difference between the positive electrode potential and the negative electrode potential of the battery when the battery is open circuit (i.e., when no current is flowing through both poles).

In the related art, in a scheme of detecting a micro short circuit or leakage current of a battery through an open circuit voltage, the open circuit voltage is generally calculated using an instantaneous current value and a voltage value measured during charge or discharge of the battery. The accuracy of the open-circuit voltage is reduced due to the large fluctuation of the instantaneous value, thereby affecting the detection accuracy of the micro-short circuit or leakage current of the battery.

According to the embodiment of the application, the real-time open-circuit voltage in the battery can be estimated through the battery model, then the actual discharge capacity value in a certain discharge time period is calculated and compared with the capacity value calculated through the model, so that whether the internal short circuit occurs in the battery can be obtained, and the internal short circuit current is calculated in real time.

Fig. 1 schematically illustrates an equivalent circuit model of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the equivalent circuit model of the battery may be a first-order resistance-capacitance RC circuit, and the equivalent circuit may include: ohmic internal resistance R ₀, polarized internal resistance R ₁, polarized capacitance C ₁ and power supply. Wherein, R ₁ is connected with C ₁ in parallel and then connected with R ₀ in series. The power supply may be equivalently the OCV of the battery. U _t is the difference between the positive electrode potential and the negative electrode potential of the battery in the on state (i.e. when current passes through the two electrodes), namely the external terminal voltage value of the battery. In a specific implementation, the external terminal voltage value (hereinafter referred to as terminal voltage) may be measured by a voltage sampler. The voltage sampler may be an analog-to-digital (a/D) converter, among others. The expression of U _t is:

U_t＝OCV-IR₀-U₁

wherein, I is the current magnitude of battery charge or discharge, U ₁ is the voltage across RC, and the expression of U ₁ is:

where t is the duration of charge or discharge.

Next, the method for detecting the open circuit voltage of the battery provided by the embodiment of the application is described with reference to an equivalent circuit model of the battery shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 2a, the method for detecting the open-circuit voltage of the battery at least comprises the following steps:

S201: and in the process of charging or discharging the battery in a preset period, determining ohmic internal resistance, polarized internal resistance and polarized capacitance corresponding to the preset state of charge (SOC) by adopting an equivalent circuit model according to the initial open circuit voltage.

Specifically, the state of charge (SOC) may be measured by a percentage. The percentage is the percentage of the maximum capacity of the battery. For example, when the maximum capacity of the battery is 4000mA and the soc is 90%, the actual corresponding amount of electricity is 4000ma×90% =3600 mA.

Specifically, the equivalent circuit model may be the equivalent circuit model shown in fig. 1, which is a first-order RC charge or discharge circuit. The circuit can realize the charging and discharging process. The equivalent circuit model may be stored in the memory of the electronic device in the form of a computer program that is loaded and executed by the processor. It is known that charging and discharging are two opposite processes. The following examples of the present application will be described by taking discharge as an example.

Specifically, the battery may be allowed to stand still for a sufficient period of time t ₀(t₀, preferably greater than 3 hours, at a preset SOC). The voltage V ₀ after the battery has been stationary for a sufficient time t ₀ is set to the initial open circuit voltage VOC. The voltage after the discharge time t ₂ (preferably less than 30 s) is set to V ₂ by the preset current I ₁(I₁ which is preferably less than 1C multiplying power. Wherein C is the maximum capacity of the battery. For example, if the maximum capacity of the battery is 4000mA, I ₁ should preferably be less than 4000mA. In the whole process from standing to discharging ending, the terminal voltage of the battery can be acquired in real time through a voltage sampler, so that the corresponding relation between the battery terminal voltage U _t and the time t shown in fig. 2b is obtained.

In the embodiment of the application, the ohmic internal resistance is recorded as R ₀, the polarization internal resistance is recorded as R ₁, and the polarization capacitance is recorded as C ₁. The embodiment of the application can calculate R ₀、R₁ and C ₁ corresponding to different SOCs. Thus, the corresponding relation between the battery terminal voltage and the current corresponding to the SOC is obtained.

Next, how to calculate R ₀、R₁ and C ₁ corresponding to a specific SOC according to an embodiment of the present application is described. This specific SOC will be referred to as a preset SOC hereinafter.

Specifically, when the battery is first stationary for a sufficient time t ₀ at a preset SOC and then begins to discharge, the voltage after the discharge t ₂ (e.g., but not limited to 1 s) is V ₁, and at this time, the polarization internal resistance is not yet involved in the response, so that the voltage drop at this time is Δv ₁ due to the ohmic internal resistance response, and Δv ₁＝V₀-V₁＝I₁R₀ is obtained

It can be seen that, in the application scenario of charging, when the battery is first stationary for a sufficient time t ' ₀ at the preset SOC and then starts to charge, the voltage after t ' ₂ (for example, but not limited to 1 s) is recorded as V ' ₁, and at this time, the polarization internal resistance is not yet involved in the response at the initial stage of charging, so that the voltage at this time rises to Δv ' ₁ due to the ohmic internal resistance response, and thus Δv ' ₁＝V′₁-V′₀.

When the voltage after the battery is discharged t ₃ (preferably more than 10 s) is V ₂, the voltage drop at the moment is DeltaV ₂ which is caused by the common response of the ohmic internal resistance and the polarized internal resistance, thus DeltaV ₂＝V₀-V₂＝I₁R₀+I₁R₁ is obtained

It can be seen that, in the application scenario of charging, when the voltage after the battery is charged t '₃ (preferably greater than 10 s) is V' ₂, the voltage rises to Δv '₂, which is caused by the co-response of the ohmic internal resistance and the polarized internal resistance, so Δv' ₂＝V′₂-V′₀.

When t=r ₁C₁ is to be taken,

At this time ,U_t＝OCV-I₁R₀-U₁＝V₀-I₁R₀-0.63I₁R₁,, i.e. U _t is V ₃, and the corresponding relationship between the battery terminal voltage U _t and the time t shown in fig. 2b is found, so that the corresponding t value is t ₁.

Thereby obtaining

S202: and determining the corresponding relation between the voltage and the current of the battery terminal according to the ohmic internal resistance, the polarized internal resistance and the polarized capacitance.

Specifically, in S201, the ohmic internal resistance R ₀, the polarized internal resistance R ₁ and the polarized capacitance C ₁ are calculated, so that the corresponding relationship between the battery terminal voltage and the current corresponding to the preset SOC is obtained:

U_t＝OCV-IR₀-U₁

Wherein, T is the charge or discharge duration.

S203: and determining the open circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under different currents and battery terminal voltages according to the corresponding relation.

Specifically, the current may be measured by a current sampler and the battery terminal voltage may be measured by a voltage sampler. The current sampler may be a current detection circuit composed of a series sampling resistor and an amplifier. Therefore, under the condition of determining the current and the battery terminal voltage, the open circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC is:

OCV＝U_t+IR₀+U₁。

The embodiment of the application provides a method for detecting open circuit voltage corresponding to a specific SOC (system on chip), which comprises the steps of equivalent a battery into a first-order RC (resistor-capacitor) equivalent circuit model, and calculating the open circuit voltage corresponding to the specific SOC through the model. Thus, the accuracy of the battery open-circuit voltage detection can be improved. In addition, the embodiment of the application calculates the open circuit voltage corresponding to the specific SOC through the equivalent circuit mode, and the embodiment of the application can be realized only through programming without improvement on the hardware structure, so that the embodiment of the application can also reduce the hardware cost.

Fig. 3 schematically illustrates another method for detecting open-circuit voltage of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the battery open-circuit voltage detection method at least includes the following steps:

s301: and in the process of charging or discharging the battery in a preset period, determining ohmic internal resistance corresponding to the preset SOC by adopting an equivalent circuit model according to the initial open-circuit voltage.

S302: and determining the polarized internal resistance corresponding to the preset SOC based on the ohmic internal resistance.

Specifically, when the voltage after the battery is discharged t ₃ (preferably more than 10 s) is V ₂, the voltage at this time is DeltaV ₂, which is caused by the common response of the ohmic internal resistance and the polarized internal resistance, deltaV ₂＝V₀-V₂＝I₁R₀+I₁R₁ is obtained

S303: and determining the polarized capacitor corresponding to the preset SOC based on the polarized internal resistance and the ohmic internal resistance.

Specifically, when t=r ₁C₁,

At this time ,U_t＝COV-I₁R₀-U₁＝V₀-I₁R₀-0.63I₁R₁,, i.e. U _t is V ₃, and the corresponding relationship between the battery terminal voltage U _t and the time t shown in fig. 2b is found, so that the corresponding t value is t ₁.

Thereby obtaining

S304: and determining the corresponding relation between the voltage and the current of the battery terminal according to the ohmic internal resistance, the polarized internal resistance and the polarized capacitance.

Specifically, S304 may refer to the description of S202, which is not described herein.

S305: and determining the open circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under different currents and battery terminal voltages according to the corresponding relation.

Specifically, S305 may refer to the description of S203, which is not described herein.

The embodiment of the application provides a specific calculation process of ohmic internal resistance, polarized internal resistance and polarized capacitance. By controlling the discharging time of the battery, ohmic internal resistance is calculated at the initial stage of discharging, polarized internal resistance is calculated according to the value of the ohmic internal resistance, and polarized capacitance is calculated by combining the values of the ohmic internal resistance and the polarized internal resistance. Thus, the accuracy of the open-circuit voltage detection of the battery can be ensured. In addition, the embodiment of the application calculates the open circuit voltage corresponding to the specific SOC through the equivalent circuit mode, and the embodiment of the application can be realized only through programming without improvement on the hardware structure, so that the embodiment of the application can also reduce the hardware cost.

Based on the battery open-circuit voltage detection method provided by the embodiment of the application, the application also provides a short-circuit current detection method. As shown in fig. 4, the short-circuit current detection method may include at least the following steps:

s401: and in the process of charging or discharging the battery in a preset period, determining ohmic internal resistance, polarized internal resistance and polarized capacitance corresponding to the preset state of charge (SOC) by adopting an equivalent circuit model according to the initial open circuit voltage.

Specifically, S401 may refer to the description of S201, and will not be described herein.

S402: and determining the corresponding relation between the voltage and the current of the battery terminal according to the ohmic internal resistance, the polarized internal resistance and the polarized capacitance.

Specifically, S402 may refer to the description of S202, which is not described herein.

S403: and determining the open circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under different currents and battery terminal voltages according to the corresponding relation.

Specifically, S403 may refer to the description of S203, and will not be described herein.

S404: and determining a first open-circuit voltage corresponding to the starting time of the period to be tested and a second open-circuit voltage corresponding to the ending time of the period to be tested.

Specifically, it is assumed that the period to be measured starts from time T ₁ and ends at time T ₂. The first open circuit voltage is noted as OCV ₁ and the second open circuit voltage is noted as OCV ₂.

S405: and determining a first SOC corresponding to the first open-circuit voltage and a second SOC corresponding to the second open-circuit voltage according to the open-circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under the different currents and the battery terminal voltage respectively.

Specifically, the electronic device may repeatedly execute S401 to S403 in advance to obtain open circuit voltages corresponding to different SOCs, so as to obtain a preset correspondence between the open circuit voltages and the SOCs. The correspondence may be, but is not limited to being, maintained in a table form in a memory of the electronic device.

Assume that the period to be measured starts from time T ₁ and ends at time T ₂. The first open circuit voltage is noted as OCV ₁ and the second open circuit voltage is noted as OCV ₂. Searching a corresponding relation between a preset open circuit voltage and the SOC to obtain the SOC, wherein the SOC corresponding to the first open circuit voltage OCV ₁ is the first SOC, which is marked as SOC ₁, and the SOC corresponding to the second open circuit voltage OCV ₂ is the second SOC, which is marked as SOC ₂.

S406: and determining a first electric quantity change value according to the first SOC and the second SOC.

Specifically, the first electric quantity change value is a theoretical electric quantity change value. The theoretical power variation value Δq _n is a product of a difference between the first SOC and the second SOC and the maximum power Q _max. The maximum electric quantity Q _max is the full charge capacity of the battery, i.e. the maximum capacity of the battery mentioned in the foregoing embodiment, for example 4000mA.

S407: and calculating a second electric quantity change value of the battery in the period to be measured.

Specifically, the second power variation value is an actual power variation value. The actual electric quantity change value of the battery in the period to be measured can be calculated according to ampere-hour integration.

Specifically, the calculation formula of the actual electric quantity change value is as follows:

ΔQ′_n＝∫Idt

Wherein Δq' _n is the actual power change value, I is the charge or discharge current of the battery, and can be measured by a current sampler.

S408: and determining the short-circuit current of the battery in the period to be detected according to the first electric quantity change value and the first electric quantity change value.

Specifically, the calculation formula of the short-circuit current is as follows:

Wherein I _{Short length} is a short-circuit current, and T _n is a duration of a period to be measured, that is, T ₂-T₁.

In the embodiment of the application, the theoretical open-circuit voltage of the battery can be calculated through the equivalent circuit model of the battery, the theoretical electric quantity change value of the battery in the charging or discharging process can be calculated according to the theoretical open-circuit voltage, and the short-circuit current of the battery can be obtained according to the theoretical electric quantity change value and the actually measured electric quantity change value. By adopting the equivalent circuit model, the accuracy of short-circuit current detection in the battery can be improved, and the probability of misjudgment is reduced, so that the safety problem caused by short circuit of the battery in the electronic equipment can be effectively avoided, and the safety of using the electronic equipment by a user is improved. In addition, the embodiment of the application calculates the open circuit voltage corresponding to the specific SOC through the equivalent circuit mode, so that the short circuit current is detected, and the embodiment of the application can be realized only through programming without improvement on a hardware structure, so that the embodiment of the application can also reduce the hardware cost.

Fig. 5 schematically illustrates another short-circuit current detection method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the short-circuit current detection method at least includes the following steps:

S501: and in the process of charging or discharging the battery in a preset period, determining ohmic internal resistance corresponding to the preset SOC by adopting an equivalent circuit model according to the initial open-circuit voltage.

Specifically, S501 may refer to the description of S301, and will not be described herein.

S502: and determining the polarized internal resistance corresponding to the preset SOC based on the ohmic internal resistance.

Specifically, S502 may refer to the description of S302, and will not be described herein.

S503: and determining the polarized capacitor corresponding to the preset SOC based on the polarized internal resistance and the ohmic internal resistance.

Specifically, S503 may refer to the description of S303, and will not be described herein.

S504: and determining the corresponding relation between the voltage and the current of the battery terminal according to the preset ohmic internal resistance, the polarized internal resistance and the polarized capacitance.

Specifically, S504 may refer to the description of S402, which is not described herein.

S505: and determining the open circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under different currents and battery terminal voltages according to the corresponding relation.

Specifically, S505 may refer to the description of S403, and will not be described herein.

S506: and determining a first open-circuit voltage corresponding to the starting time of the period to be tested and a second open-circuit voltage corresponding to the ending time of the period to be tested.

Specifically, S506 may refer to the description of S404, which is not described herein.

S507: and determining a first SOC corresponding to the first open-circuit voltage and a second SOC corresponding to the second open-circuit voltage according to the open-circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under the different currents and the battery terminal voltage respectively.

Specifically, S507 may refer to the description of S405, which is not described herein.

S508: and determining a first electric quantity change value according to the first SOC and the second SOC.

Specifically, S508 may refer to the description of S406, which is not described herein.

S509: and calculating a second electric quantity change value of the battery in the period to be measured.

Specifically, S509 may refer to the description of S407, which is not described herein.

S510: and determining the short-circuit current of the battery in the period to be detected according to the first electric quantity change value and the second electric quantity change value.

Specifically, S510 may refer to the description of S408, and will not be described herein.

The embodiment of the application provides a specific calculation process of ohmic internal resistance, polarized internal resistance and polarized capacitance. By controlling the discharging time of the battery, ohmic internal resistance is calculated at the initial stage of discharging, polarized internal resistance is calculated according to the value of the ohmic internal resistance, and polarized capacitance is calculated by combining the values of the ohmic internal resistance and the polarized internal resistance. Thus, the accuracy of the open-circuit voltage detection of the battery can be ensured. In addition, the embodiment of the application can improve the accuracy of detecting the short-circuit current in the battery by adopting the equivalent circuit model, and reduce the probability of misjudgment, thereby effectively avoiding the safety problem caused by the occurrence of short circuit of the battery in the electronic equipment and improving the safety of the user using the electronic equipment. In addition, the embodiment of the application calculates the open circuit voltage corresponding to the specific SOC through the equivalent circuit mode, so that the short circuit current is detected, and the embodiment of the application can be realized only through programming without improvement on a hardware structure, so that the embodiment of the application can also reduce the hardware cost.

Fig. 6 schematically illustrates another short-circuit current detection method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, the short-circuit current detection method at least includes the following steps:

s601: and in the process of charging or discharging the battery in a preset period, determining ohmic internal resistance corresponding to the preset SOC by adopting an equivalent circuit model according to the initial open-circuit voltage.

Specifically, S601 may refer to the description of S501, which is not described herein.

S602: and determining the polarized internal resistance corresponding to the preset SOC based on the ohmic internal resistance.

Specifically, S602 may refer to the description of S502, which is not described herein.

S603: and determining the polarized capacitor corresponding to the preset SOC based on the polarized internal resistance and the ohmic internal resistance.

Specifically, S603 may refer to the description of S503, which is not described herein.

S604: and determining the corresponding relation between the voltage and the current of the battery terminal according to the ohmic internal resistance, the polarized internal resistance and the polarized capacitance.

Specifically, S604 may refer to the description of S504, which is not described herein.

S605: and determining the open circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under different currents and battery terminal voltages according to the corresponding relation.

Specifically, S605 may refer to the description of S505, and will not be described herein.

S606: and determining a first open-circuit voltage corresponding to the starting time of the period to be tested and a second open-circuit voltage corresponding to the ending time of the period to be tested.

Specifically, S606 may refer to the description of S506, and will not be described herein.

S607: and determining a first SOC corresponding to the first open-circuit voltage and a second SOC corresponding to the second open-circuit voltage according to the open-circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under the different currents and the battery terminal voltage respectively.

Specifically, S607 may refer to the description of S507, which is not described herein.

S608: and determining the product of the difference value of the first SOC and the second SOC and the maximum electric quantity of the battery as the first electric quantity change value.

Specifically, the first power change value Δq _n is a product of a difference between the first SOC and the second SOC and the maximum power Q _max. Namely: Δq _n＝Q_max×(SOC₁-SOC₂).

The maximum electric quantity Q _max is the full charge capacity of the battery, i.e. the maximum capacity of the battery mentioned in the foregoing embodiment, for example 4000mA.

S609: and calculating a second electric quantity change value of the battery in the period to be measured.

Specifically, S609 may refer to the description of S509, which is not described herein.

S610: and determining the ratio of the difference value of the first electric quantity change value and the second electric quantity change value to the duration of the period to be measured as the short-circuit current of the battery in the period to be measured.

S611: and under the condition that the short-circuit current is smaller than a preset difference value, updating the maximum electric quantity of the battery according to the difference value of the first SOC and the second electric quantity change value.

Specifically, the preset difference is, for example, but not limited to, 10mA. When the short-circuit current is smaller than the preset difference value, the battery performance is still acceptable, and the accuracy of short-circuit current detection can be further ensured by updating the maximum electric quantity of the battery.

Specifically, the maximum electric quantity of the battery can be updated according to the actual electric quantity change value, and a specific calculation formula is as follows:

The embodiment of the application provides a specific calculation process of ohmic internal resistance, polarized internal resistance and polarized capacitance. By controlling the discharging time of the battery, ohmic internal resistance is calculated at the initial stage of discharging, polarized internal resistance is calculated according to the value of the ohmic internal resistance, and polarized capacitance is calculated by combining the values of the ohmic internal resistance and the polarized internal resistance. Thus, the accuracy of the open-circuit voltage detection of the battery can be ensured. In addition, the embodiment of the application calculates the open circuit voltage corresponding to the specific SOC through the equivalent circuit mode, so that the short circuit current is detected, and the embodiment of the application can be realized only through programming without improvement on a hardware structure, so that the embodiment of the application can also reduce the hardware cost. In addition, the embodiment of the application can improve the accuracy of detecting the short-circuit current in the battery by adopting the equivalent circuit model, further ensure the accuracy of detecting the short-circuit current by updating the maximum electric quantity of the battery, further reduce the probability of misjudgment, further effectively avoid the safety problem caused by the short-circuit of the battery in the electronic equipment, and further improve the safety of the user using the electronic equipment.

The following are examples of the apparatus of the present application that may be used to perform the method embodiments of the present application. For details not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present application, please refer to the embodiments of the method of the present application.

Referring to fig. 7, a schematic diagram of a battery open circuit voltage detection device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. The battery open circuit voltage detection device may be implemented as all or part of an electronic device by software, hardware, or a combination of both. The battery open-circuit voltage detection device 70 may include: the first determination module 710, the second determination module 720, and the third determination module 730. Wherein:

A first determining module 710, configured to determine, according to an initial open circuit voltage, an ohmic internal resistance, a polarized internal resistance, and a polarized capacitance corresponding to a preset state of charge SOC by using an equivalent circuit model during a charging or discharging process of the battery within a preset period;

A second determining module 720, configured to determine a corresponding relationship between a battery terminal voltage and a current according to the ohmic internal resistance, the polarized internal resistance, and the polarized capacitance;

and a third determining module 730, configured to determine an open circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under different currents and battery terminal voltages according to the correspondence.

In some possible embodiments, the equivalent circuit model is a first order resistance capacitance RC equivalent circuit model; the first determination module 710 includes:

the first determining subunit is used for determining ohmic internal resistance corresponding to the preset SOC by adopting an equivalent circuit model according to the initial open-circuit voltage in the process of charging or discharging the battery in a preset period;

a second determining subunit, configured to determine the polarized internal resistance corresponding to the preset SOC based on the ohmic internal resistance;

and the third determination subunit is used for determining the polarized capacitor corresponding to the preset SOC based on the polarized internal resistance and the ohmic internal resistance.

In some possible embodiments, the battery is charged or discharged with a preset current for the preset period of time;

The first determining subunit is specifically configured to determine the ohmic internal resistance according to the following formula:

Wherein R ₀ is the ohmic internal resistance, Δv ₁ is a first voltage difference value, the first voltage difference value is a change value of the voltage of the battery after the battery is charged or discharged with a preset current in a first preset period, and I ₁ is the preset current; the first preset time period is a portion of the preset time period.

In some possible embodiments, the second determining subunit is specifically configured to determine the internal polarization resistance according to the following formula:

/>

Wherein R ₁ is the polarized internal resistance, Δv ₂ is a second voltage difference value, and the second voltage difference value is a change value of the voltage of the battery after the battery is charged or discharged with a preset current in the preset period.

In some possible embodiments, the third determining subunit is specifically configured to: the polarization capacitance is determined according to the following formula:

Wherein t ₁ is the corresponding time of U _t＝OCV-I₁R₀-0.63I₁R₁ in the corresponding relationship between the preset battery terminal voltage U _t and the time t.

In some possible embodiments, the corresponding relationship between the battery terminal voltage and the current corresponding to the preset SOC is: u _t＝OCV-IR₀-U₁, wherein the I is the current; the said T is the charge or discharge duration.

According to the open circuit voltage detection device provided by the embodiment of the application, the battery is equivalent to a first-order RC equivalent circuit model, and the open circuit voltage corresponding to the specific SOC is obtained through calculation through the model. Thus, the accuracy of the battery open-circuit voltage detection can be improved. In addition, the embodiment of the application calculates the open circuit voltage corresponding to the specific SOC through the equivalent circuit mode, and the embodiment of the application can be realized only through programming without improvement on the hardware structure, so that the embodiment of the application can also reduce the hardware cost.

It should be noted that, when the battery open-circuit voltage detection device provided in the above embodiment performs the battery open-circuit voltage detection method, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example, in practical application, the above functional allocation may be performed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules, so as to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the battery open-circuit voltage detection device and the battery open-circuit voltage detection method provided in the foregoing embodiments belong to the same concept, which represents a detailed implementation process, and are not described herein again.

The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present application are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 8, a schematic structural diagram of a short-circuit current detection device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. The short circuit current detection means may be implemented as all or part of the electronic device by software, hardware or a combination of both. The short-circuit current detection device 80 may include: the first determination module 810, the second determination module 820, the third determination module 830, the fourth determination module 840, the fifth determination module 850, the sixth determination module 860. The calculation module 870 and the seventh determination module 880. Wherein:

The first determining module 810 is configured to determine, according to an initial open circuit voltage, an ohmic internal resistance, a polarized internal resistance and a polarized capacitance corresponding to a preset state of charge SOC by using an equivalent circuit model during a charging or discharging process of the battery within a preset period;

A second determining module 820, configured to determine a correspondence between a battery terminal voltage and a current according to the ohmic internal resistance, the polarized internal resistance, and the polarized capacitance;

A third determining module 830, configured to determine an open circuit voltage corresponding to the preset SOC under different currents and battery terminal voltages according to the correspondence;

a fourth determining module 840, configured to determine a first open-circuit voltage corresponding to a start time of a period to be measured and a second open-circuit voltage corresponding to an end time of the period to be measured;

A fifth determining module 850, configured to determine, according to the open-circuit voltages corresponding to the preset SOCs and the different currents and the battery terminal voltages, a first SOC corresponding to the first open-circuit voltage and a second SOC corresponding to the second open-circuit voltage, respectively;

A sixth determining module 860 configured to determine a first power variation value according to the first SOC and the second SOC;

a calculating module 870, configured to calculate a second electric quantity change value of the battery in the period to be measured according to the duration of the period to be measured and the discharge current;

A seventh determining module 880, configured to determine a short-circuit current of the battery in the period to be measured according to the first power variation value and the second power variation value.

In some possible embodiments, the equivalent circuit model is a first order resistance capacitance RC equivalent circuit model; the first determining module 810 includes:

In some possible embodiments, the third determining subunit is specifically configured to determine the polarization capacitance according to the following formula:

In some possible embodiments, the sixth determining module 860 is specifically configured to: and determining the product of the difference value of the first SOC and the second SOC and the maximum electric quantity of the battery as the first electric quantity change value.

In some possible embodiments, the seventh determining module 880 is specifically configured to: and determining the ratio of the difference value of the first electric quantity change value and the second electric quantity change value to the duration of the period to be measured as the short-circuit current of the battery in the period to be measured.

In some possible embodiments, the short-circuit current detection device 80 further includes: and the updating module is used for updating the maximum electric quantity of the battery according to the difference value between the first SOC and the second electric quantity change value under the condition that the short circuit current is smaller than a preset difference value.

According to the short-circuit current detection device provided by the embodiment of the application, the theoretical open-circuit voltage of the battery can be calculated through the equivalent circuit model of the battery, the theoretical electric quantity change value of the battery in the charging or discharging process can be calculated according to the theoretical open-circuit voltage, and the short-circuit current of the battery can be obtained according to the theoretical electric quantity change value and the actually measured electric quantity change value. By adopting the equivalent circuit model, the accuracy of short-circuit current detection in the battery can be improved, and the probability of misjudgment is reduced, so that the safety problem caused by short circuit of the battery in the electronic equipment can be effectively avoided, and the safety of using the electronic equipment by a user is improved. In addition, the embodiment of the application calculates the open circuit voltage corresponding to the specific SOC through the equivalent circuit mode, so that the short circuit current is detected, and the embodiment of the application can be realized only through programming without improvement on a hardware structure, so that the embodiment of the application can also reduce the hardware cost.

It should be noted that, when the short-circuit current detection device provided in the foregoing embodiment performs the short-circuit current detection method, only the division of the foregoing functional modules is used as an example, in practical application, the foregoing functional allocation may be performed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the short-circuit current detection device and the short-circuit current detection method provided in the foregoing embodiments belong to the same concept, which represents a detailed implementation process in the method embodiment, and are not described herein again.

Referring to fig. 9, a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device is provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 9, the electronic device 90 may include: at least one processor 901, at least one network interface 904, a user interface 903, memory 905, at least one communication bus 902.

Wherein a communication bus 902 is employed to facilitate a coupled communication between the components.

The user interface 903 may include a Display screen (Display) and a Camera (Camera), and the optional user interface 903 may further include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface.

The network interface 904 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (e.g., WI-FI interface), among others.

Processor 901 may include one or more processing cores, among other things. The processor 901 connects various portions of the overall electronic device 90 using various interfaces and lines, performs various functions of the electronic device 90 and processes data by executing or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the memory 905, and invoking data stored in the memory 905. Alternatively, the processor 901 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of digital signal Processing (DIGITAL SIGNAL Processing, DSP), field-Programmable gate array (Field-Programmable GATE ARRAY, FPGA), programmable logic array (Programmable Logic Array, PLA). The processor 801 may integrate one or a combination of several of a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), an image processor (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU), and a modem, etc. The CPU mainly processes an operating system, a user interface, an application program and the like; the GPU is used for rendering and drawing the content required to be displayed by the display screen; the modem is used to handle wireless communications. It will be appreciated that the modem may not be integrated into the processor 901 and may be implemented by a single chip.

The Memory 905 may include a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or a Read-Only Memory (Read-Only Memory). Optionally, the memory 905 includes a non-transitory computer readable medium (non-transitory computer-readable storage medium). The memory 905 may be used to store instructions, programs, code, sets of codes, or sets of instructions. The memory 905 may include a stored program area and a stored data area, wherein the stored program area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-described respective method embodiments, etc.; the storage data area may store data or the like referred to in the above respective method embodiments. The memory 905 may also optionally be at least one storage device located remotely from the processor 901. As shown in fig. 9, an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and application programs may be included in the memory 905, which is one type of computer storage medium.

In the electronic device 90 shown in fig. 9, the user interface 903 is mainly used for providing an input interface for a user, and acquiring data input by the user; and processor 901 may be operable to invoke applications stored in memory 905 and to perform the following operations in particular:

In some possible embodiments, the processor 901 is further for: determining a first open-circuit voltage corresponding to the starting time of a period to be detected and a second open-circuit voltage corresponding to the ending time of the period to be detected;

determining a first electric quantity change value according to the first SOC and the second SOC;

In some possible embodiments, the equivalent circuit model is a first order resistance capacitance RC equivalent circuit model; the processor 901 performs the determining, according to the initial open-circuit voltage, the ohmic internal resistance, the polarized internal resistance and the polarized capacitance corresponding to the preset SOC by using an equivalent circuit model during the charging or discharging process of the battery in the preset period, and specifically performs the following steps:

In the process of charging or discharging the battery in a preset period, determining ohmic internal resistance corresponding to a preset SOC by adopting an equivalent circuit model according to the initial open-circuit voltage;

determining the polarized internal resistance corresponding to the preset SOC based on the ohmic internal resistance;

and determining the polarized capacitor corresponding to the preset SOC based on the polarized internal resistance and the ohmic internal resistance.

The processor 901, when determining the ohmic internal resistance corresponding to the preset SOC by using the equivalent circuit model according to the initial open circuit voltage during the charging or discharging process of the battery in the preset period, specifically performs: determining the ohmic internal resistance according to the following formula:

In some possible embodiments, when executing the determining the polarized internal resistance corresponding to the preset SOC based on the ohmic internal resistance, the processor 901 specifically executes: determining the internal polarization resistance according to the following formula:

In some possible embodiments, when executing the determining the polarized capacitance corresponding to the preset SOC based on the polarized internal resistance and the ohmic internal resistance, the processor 901 specifically executes: the polarization capacitance is determined according to the following formula:

In some possible embodiments, when executing the determining the first power change value according to the first SOC and the second SOC, the processor 901 specifically executes:

And determining the product of the difference value of the first SOC and the second SOC and the maximum electric quantity of the battery as the first electric quantity change value.

In some possible embodiments, when the processor 901 determines the short-circuit current of the battery in the period to be measured according to the first power change value and the second power change value, the method specifically includes:

And determining the ratio of the difference value of the first electric quantity change value and the second electric quantity change value to the duration of the period to be measured as the short-circuit current of the battery in the period to be measured.

In some possible embodiments, the processor 901 further performs: and under the condition that the short-circuit current is smaller than a preset difference value, updating the maximum electric quantity of the battery according to the difference value of the first SOC and the second electric quantity change value.

According to the electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the application, the theoretical open-circuit voltage of the battery can be calculated through the equivalent circuit model of the battery, the theoretical electric quantity change value of the battery in the charging or discharging process can be calculated according to the theoretical open-circuit voltage, and the short-circuit current of the battery can be obtained according to the theoretical electric quantity change value and the actually measured electric quantity change value. By adopting the equivalent circuit model, the accuracy of short-circuit current detection in the battery can be improved, and the probability of misjudgment is reduced, so that the safety problem caused by short circuit of the battery in the electronic equipment can be effectively avoided, and the safety of using the electronic equipment by a user is improved. In addition, the embodiment of the application calculates the open circuit voltage corresponding to the specific SOC through the equivalent circuit mode, so that the short circuit current is detected, and the embodiment of the application can be realized only through programming without improvement on a hardware structure, so that the embodiment of the application can also reduce the hardware cost.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium having instructions stored therein, which when executed on a computer or processor, cause the computer or processor to perform one or more of the steps of the embodiments shown in fig. 2 a-6 described above. The above-described respective constituent modules of the battery open-circuit voltage detection device and the short-circuit current detection device may be stored in the computer-readable storage medium if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products.

In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, produces a flow or function in accordance with embodiments of the present application, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted across a computer-readable storage medium. The computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (Digital Subscriber Line, DSL)), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains an integration of one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a digital versatile disk (DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC, DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a Solid state disk (Solid STATE DISK, SSD)), or the like.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above-described embodiment methods may be accomplished by way of a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, instructing relevant hardware, and which, when executed, may comprise the embodiment methods as described above. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a Read Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or the like. The technical features in the present examples and embodiments may be arbitrarily combined without conflict.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present application should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present application without departing from the design spirit of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery open circuit voltage detection method, characterized by comprising:

The equivalent circuit model is a first-order resistance capacitance RC equivalent circuit model; in the process of charging or discharging the battery in a preset period, determining ohmic internal resistance, polarized internal resistance and polarized capacitance corresponding to a preset SOC by adopting an equivalent circuit model according to an initial open circuit voltage, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the battery is charged or discharged at a preset current for the preset period of time;

In the process of charging or discharging the battery in a preset period, determining ohmic internal resistance corresponding to a preset SOC by adopting an equivalent circuit model according to an initial open-circuit voltage, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the ohmic internal resistance according to the following formula:

Wherein, For the ohmic internal resistance,/>A first voltage difference value, which is a change value of the voltage of the battery after the battery is charged or discharged with a preset current within a first preset period of time,/>The preset current is set; the first preset time period is a portion of the preset time period.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the determining the polarized internal resistance corresponding to the preset SOC based on the ohmic internal resistance comprises: determining the internal polarization resistance according to the following formula:

Wherein, For the polarization internal resistance,/>The second voltage difference is a change value of the voltage of the battery after the battery is charged or discharged with a preset current in the preset period of time.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the determining the polarization capacitance corresponding to the preset SOC based on the polarization internal resistance and the ohmic internal resistance comprises: the polarization capacitance is determined according to the following formula:

Wherein, Is the preset battery terminal voltage/>With time/>In the correspondence of/>Time corresponding to the time.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the correspondence between the battery terminal voltage and the current corresponding to the preset SOC is: wherein said/> For the current; said/>，/>For a charge or discharge duration.

6. A short-circuit current detection method, characterized by comprising:

Determining a short-circuit current of the battery in the period to be detected according to the first electric quantity change value and the second electric quantity change value;

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the battery is charged or discharged at a preset current for the preset period of time;

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the determining the polarized internal resistance corresponding to the preset SOC based on the ohmic internal resistance comprises: determining the internal polarization resistance according to the following formula:

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the determining the polarization capacitance corresponding to the preset SOC based on the polarization internal resistance and the ohmic internal resistance comprises: the polarization capacitance is determined according to the following formula:

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the correspondence between the battery terminal voltage and the current corresponding to the preset SOC is: wherein said/> For the current; said/>，For a charge or discharge duration.

11. The method of any of claims 6-10, wherein the determining a first charge variation value from the first SOC and the second SOC comprises:

12. The method of claim 11, wherein determining the short circuit current of the battery during the period of time to be measured based on the first power change value and the second power change value comprises:

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the method further comprises: and under the condition that the short-circuit current is smaller than a preset difference value, updating the maximum electric quantity of the battery according to the difference value of the first SOC and the second electric quantity change value.

14. A battery open circuit voltage detection device, characterized by comprising:

the equivalent circuit model is a first-order resistance capacitance RC equivalent circuit model; the first determination module includes:

15. A short-circuit current detection device, characterized by comprising:

a seventh determining module, configured to determine a short-circuit current of the battery in the period to be measured according to the first electric quantity change value and the second electric quantity change value;

the equivalent circuit model is a first-order resistance capacitance RC equivalent circuit model; a first determination module comprising:

16. A computer storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the method steps of any of claims 1-5.

17. A computer storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the method steps of any of claims 6-13.

18. An electronic device, comprising: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores a computer program adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the method steps of any of claims 1-5.

19. An electronic device, comprising: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores a computer program adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the method steps of any of claims 6-13.