CN112698202B - Low-frequency vibration power generation test device and test method based on dielectric elastomer - Google Patents
Low-frequency vibration power generation test device and test method based on dielectric elastomer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112698202B CN112698202B CN202011554454.5A CN202011554454A CN112698202B CN 112698202 B CN112698202 B CN 112698202B CN 202011554454 A CN202011554454 A CN 202011554454A CN 112698202 B CN112698202 B CN 112698202B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
- G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-frequency vibration power generation test device and a test method based on a dielectric elastomer, and belongs to the field of electromechanics. The invention provides vibration excitation to the vibration excitation end of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit by controlling the motor, the mass block attached to the tail end of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit is interfered and begins to oscillate on the guide rail, and reaches a stable vibration state after a period of time, so that the forced vibration of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit under the external vibration excitation is realized, the corresponding test frequency is the natural frequency of the vibration power generation structure when the performance is best by testing the output performance of the dielectric elastomer vibration power generation structure under each test frequency point in the preset vibration frequency range, the natural frequency of the power generation structure consisting of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit, the mass block and the guide rail sliding block is adjusted by changing the size of the mass block, and the structural design of the vibration power generation structure facing to a specific low-frequency vibration environment is conveniently guided and optimized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the electromechanical field, and particularly relates to a low-frequency vibration power generation test device and a test method based on a dielectric elastomer.
Background
The energy crisis and environmental pollution problems caused by the continuous use of non-renewable resources bring serious challenges to the sustainable development of human society, and the energy collection of renewable clean energy is receiving more and more attention. The environmental vibration is widely applied to the vibration induced by mechanical vibration, human body movement, wind or water movement, and has a great energy collection prospect. Common vibration energy collecting devices are mainly based on the electromagnetic induction principle and the piezoelectric effect, and have certain limitations, so that inconvenience is brought to wide application in practice. The dielectric elastomer is a novel electroactive soft functional material, can change the shape and size under the excitation of an electric field, can also reversely work in a power generation mode to convert mechanical energy into electric energy, has the advantages of large deformation, high energy density, high electromechanical conversion efficiency, light weight, good flexibility, impact resistance and the like, and has more and more importance in the field of energy collection in recent years, particularly in the low-frequency and large-deformation environment. The dielectric elastomer energy collection is to coat a layer of flexible electrode on the upper and lower surfaces of a dielectric elastomer film to form a flexible variable capacitor, and mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through stretching and shrinking cycles of the dielectric elastomer film, so that environmental energy recycling is realized. At present, relatively few researches on the collection of environmental vibration energy are conducted on dielectric elastomers at home and abroad, and a test device for the dielectric elastomers in the aspect of vibration power generation is still insufficient.
Therefore, the development of the low-frequency vibration power generation test device based on the dielectric elastomer is significant for researching the power generation performance of the dielectric elastomer in the aspect of vibration energy collection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a low-frequency vibration power generation test device and a test method based on a dielectric elastomer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a low-frequency vibration power generation test device based on a dielectric elastomer comprises a frame and a driving motor, wherein the frame is provided with an upper end fixing rod, a middle fixing rod and a lower end fixing rod in height;
a motor shaft of the driving motor is connected with a lead screw of the lead screw sliding table module through a coupler;
the screw rod sliding table module is vertically fixed on the upper end fixing rod and the middle fixing rod;
guide rail fixing frames are respectively arranged on the middle fixing rod and the lower end fixing rod, a guide rail is arranged between the guide rail fixing frames, and a guide rail sliding block and a limiting sliding block are arranged on the guide rail;
an acrylic connecting plate is fixed on the upper surface of a sliding table of the lead screw sliding table module, one end of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit is fixed on the acrylic connecting plate through a fixing piece, and the end serves as a vibration excitation input end;
the other end of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit is fixed on the guide rail sliding block, and the end is used as a free end to carry out forced vibration along the guide rail;
the guide rail sliding block is provided with a mass block.
Furthermore, the mass block is fixedly connected through a fixing plate and a bolt.
Further, driving motor passes through the bolt setting on the motor flange piece of lead screw slip table module one side.
Further, the lead screw sliding table module is fixed on the upper end fixing rod and the middle fixing rod through the base supporting frame.
Furthermore, a limiting slide block is arranged on the guide rail.
Further, the lead screw of lead screw slip table module passes through the shaft coupling and links to each other with the driving motor shaft, is equipped with the slip table on the lead screw.
Furthermore, the dielectric elastomer power generation unit comprises a dielectric elastomer film, flexible electrodes are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric elastomer film, and copper foils are led on the flexible electrodes;
the copper foil is used for being connected with a lead to connect the dielectric elastomer power generation unit to an energy collection circuit for energy collection.
The invention discloses a testing method of a low-frequency vibration power generation testing device based on a dielectric elastomer, which comprises the following steps of:
controlling the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the driving motor to enable the sliding table of the lead screw sliding table module to vibrate up and down according to a preset vibration amplitude and frequency;
the vibration excitation input end of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit is subjected to vibration excitation, and the free end of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit vibrates up and down on the guide rail along with the guide rail sliding block and the mass block;
along with the vibration, the vibration excitation input end and the free end of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit generate displacement difference, the dielectric elastomer material in the dielectric elastomer power generation unit carries out stretching and shrinking motions, and then the size and the capacitance value of the dielectric elastomer material are improved to carry out vibration power generation;
and adjusting the size of the mass block to adjust the natural frequency of a power generation structure consisting of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit, the mass block and the guide rail sliding block so as to match the low-frequency vibration in a preset range in the environment.
Further, the preset vibration amplitude and frequency are low-frequency vibration frequency and amplitude in the simulation environment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a low-frequency vibration power generation test device and a test method based on a dielectric elastomer, which can conveniently control the vibration amplitude and frequency by controlling a motor, provide vibration excitation to a vibration excitation end of a dielectric elastomer power generation unit, start to oscillate on a guide rail when a mass block attached to the tail end of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit is interfered, reach a stable vibration state after a period of time, realize forced vibration of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit under external vibration excitation, find the corresponding test frequency which is the natural frequency of the vibration power generation structure when the performance is best by testing the output performance of the dielectric elastomer vibration power generation structure under each test frequency point in a preset vibration frequency range, change the size of the mass block attached to the tail end of the dielectric elastomer to correspondingly adjust the natural frequency of the power generation structure consisting of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit, the mass block and the guide rail sliding block, the influence rule of the size of the mass block on the natural frequency of the structure is found by utilizing the provided test device, and the structural design of the vibration power generation structure under the specific low-frequency vibration environment is conveniently guided and optimized. The invention is convenient to research the influence factors of the power generation performance of the dielectric elastomer under the low-frequency vibration condition, and has the advantages of simple and light structure, convenient installation, low maintenance cost and the like; the method is of great significance to the research of the dielectric elastomer on the aspect of low-frequency vibration energy collection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-frequency vibration power generation testing device based on a dielectric elastomer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view schematic structural diagram of the low-frequency vibration power generation testing device based on the dielectric elastomer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a drive motor driving a lead screw sliding table module;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the aluminum profile and square nut installation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a strip-shaped dielectric elastomer power generation unit according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1-an optical bench; 2-an aluminum profile; 3-connecting corner fittings; 4-acrylic sheet; 5-driving a motor; 6-a coupler; 7-a base support frame; 8-square nut; 9-bolt; 10-a screw slide table module; 11-an acrylic connecting plate; 12-a fixing sheet; 13-a dielectric elastomer power generation unit; 14-a rail slide; 15-a guide rail; 16-a limiting slide block; 17-a guide rail fixing frame; 18-a mass block; 13-1-dielectric elastomer film; 13-2-flexible electrodes; 13-3-copper foil.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-frequency vibration power generation testing device based on a dielectric elastomer according to the present invention; the aluminum profiles 2 are connected into a frame by utilizing the connecting corner pieces 3, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the frame are both provided with aluminum profiles positioned in the middle and respectively correspond to an upper aluminum profile and a lower aluminum profile, and the frame is provided with two aluminum profiles parallel to the middle aluminum profile in the height direction and correspondingly comprises a first aluminum profile and a second first aluminum profile; referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a side view of the present invention, and it can be seen that a first aluminum profile and a second first aluminum profile are disposed in the height direction of the frame; the upper end of the frame is provided with an acrylic plate 4; a motor shaft of the driving motor 5 is connected with a lead screw of the lead screw sliding table module 10 through the coupler 6, so that the lead screw is driven to rotate; the lead screw sliding table module 10 is fixedly installed on the upper aluminum profile and the first aluminum profile through the base support frame 7 and used for providing a stroke of low-frequency vibration in the vertical direction, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the drive motor driving lead screw sliding table module, a lead screw of the lead screw sliding table module 10 is connected with a motor shaft of the drive motor 5 through a coupler 6, and a sliding table is arranged on the lead screw; guide rail fixing frames 17 are arranged on the second aluminum profile and the lower aluminum profile, guide rails 15 are arranged between the guide rail fixing frames 17, guide rail sliding blocks 14 and limiting sliding blocks 16 are arranged on the guide rails 15, and the limiting sliding blocks 16 are used for limiting the sliding stroke of the guide rail sliding blocks 14 and ensuring that the dielectric elastomer power generation unit 13 works within the stretching limit; an acrylic connecting plate 11 is fixed on the upper surface of the sliding table of the lead screw sliding table module 10, a dielectric elastomer power generation unit 13 is fixed on the acrylic connecting plate 11 through a fixing plate 12 and serves as a vibration excitation input end, and the other end of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit 13 is fixed on a guide rail sliding block 14 and serves as a free end to perform forced vibration along a guide rail 15; the guide rail sliding block 14 is provided with a mass block 18, and the mass block 18 is installed through a fixing plate 12 and a bolt 9. The natural frequency of the dielectric elastomer vibration power generation structure is adjusted by adjusting the size of the additional mass block 18 to match the low-frequency vibration frequency in the actual environment, so that resonance is realized, and the power generation performance is optimized. In the invention, the free end of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit 13 is forced to vibrate on the guide rail 15 along with the guide rail sliding block 14 and the mass block 18, so that the stretching and contraction reciprocating motion of the dielectric elastomer film is realized, and the size and the capacitance value of the dielectric elastomer film are changed to carry out vibration power generation.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic view of installation of an aluminum profile and a square nut, the square nut 8 is reserved on the aluminum profile 2, the connected aluminum profiles 2 are connected and fixed by the square nut 8 and a bolt 9, and in addition, the square nut 8 and the bolt 9 are used for connecting and fixing the base support frame 7 and the guide rail fixing frame 17.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit of the present invention, the dielectric elastomer power generation unit 13 includes a dielectric elastomer film 13-1, a layer of flexible electrode 13-2 is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric elastomer film 13-1, a copper foil 13-3 is led on the flexible electrode 13-2, and the copper foil 13-3 is used for connecting with a lead to connect the dielectric elastomer power generation unit 13 to an energy collection circuit for energy collection.
The test method comprises the following steps:
during operation, the rotation direction and the rotational speed of control driving motor 5, make the slip table among the lead screw slip table module 10 vibrate from top to bottom according to preset vibration amplitude and frequency, dielectric elastomer power generation unit 13's free end vibrates from top to bottom along with guide rail slider 14 and quality piece 18 along guide rail 15 under the vibration excitation, the extension and the shrink reciprocating motion of dielectric elastomer film are realized to the displacement difference of the vibration excitation input end of dielectric elastomer power generation unit 13 and free end, thereby change dielectric elastomer film size and capacitance value and carry out vibration power generation.
The natural frequency of a power generation structure consisting of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit 13, the mass block 18 and the guide rail sliding block 14 is adjusted by adjusting the size of the additional mass block 18 to match the low-frequency vibration frequency in the actual environment until the natural frequency is close to the vibration frequency in the environment, a resonance phenomenon occurs, the output displacement of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit 13 is far greater than the input displacement, and the optimization of the power generation performance of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit 13 is determined;
on the other hand, the copper foil 13-3 connects the dielectric elastomer power generation unit 13 to an energy collection circuit for energy collection, and optimization of power generation performance of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit 13 is determined by observing electric quantity change.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A low-frequency vibration power generation test device based on a dielectric elastomer is characterized by comprising a frame and a driving motor (5), wherein the frame is provided with an upper end fixing rod, a middle fixing rod and a lower end fixing rod in height;
a motor shaft of the driving motor (5) is connected with a lead screw of the lead screw sliding table module (10) through a coupler (6);
the screw rod sliding table module (10) is vertically fixed on the upper end fixing rod and the middle fixing rod;
guide rail fixing frames (17) are respectively arranged on the middle fixing rod and the lower end fixing rod, guide rails (15) are arranged between the guide rail fixing frames (17), and guide rail sliding blocks (14) and limiting sliding blocks (16) are arranged on the guide rails (15);
an acrylic connecting plate (11) is fixed on the upper surface of the sliding table of the lead screw sliding table module (10), one end of a dielectric elastomer power generation unit (13) is fixed on the acrylic connecting plate (11) through a fixing piece (12), and the end serves as a vibration excitation input end;
the other end of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit (13) is fixed on a guide rail sliding block (14), and the end is used as a free end to carry out forced vibration along a guide rail (15);
a mass block (18) is arranged on the guide rail sliding block (14);
the dielectric elastomer power generation unit (13) comprises a dielectric elastomer film (13-1), flexible electrodes (13-2) are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric elastomer film (13-1), and copper foils (13-3) are led on the flexible electrodes (13-2);
the copper foil (13-3) is used for being connected with a lead and connecting the dielectric elastomer power generation unit (13) into an energy collection circuit for energy collection.
2. The dielectric elastomer-based low-frequency vibration power generation test device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass (18) is fixedly connected by a fixing plate (12) and a bolt (9).
3. The dielectric elastomer-based low-frequency vibration power generation test device is characterized in that a driving motor (5) is arranged on a motor flange plate on one side of a lead screw sliding table module (10) through bolts.
4. The dielectric elastomer-based low-frequency vibration power generation testing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lead screw sliding table module (10) is fixed on the upper end fixing rod and the middle fixing rod through the base supporting frame (7).
5. The low-frequency vibration power generation test device based on the dielectric elastomer is characterized in that a limiting slide block (16) is further arranged on the guide rail (15).
6. The dielectric elastomer-based low-frequency vibration power generation testing device is characterized in that a lead screw of the lead screw sliding table module (10) is connected with a motor shaft of the driving motor (5) through a coupler (6), and a sliding table is arranged on the lead screw.
7. A method for testing a dielectric elastomer-based low-frequency vibration power generation test device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
controlling the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the driving motor (5) to enable the sliding table of the lead screw sliding table module (10) to vibrate up and down according to a preset vibration amplitude and frequency;
the vibration excitation input end of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit (13) is subjected to vibration excitation, and the free end of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit (13) vibrates up and down on the guide rail (15) along with the guide rail sliding block (14) and the mass block (18);
along with the vibration, the vibration excitation input end and the free end of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit (13) generate displacement difference, the dielectric elastomer material in the dielectric elastomer power generation unit (13) stretches and contracts, and the size and the capacitance value of the dielectric elastomer material are improved to perform vibration power generation;
and adjusting the size of the mass block (18) to adjust the natural frequency of a power generation structure consisting of the dielectric elastomer power generation unit (13), the mass block (18) and the guide rail sliding block (14) to match low-frequency vibration in a preset range in the environment.
8. The test method of claim 7, wherein the predetermined vibration amplitude and frequency are low frequency vibration frequencies and amplitudes in a simulated environment.
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