CN112698169B - Corona discharge positioning method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Corona discharge positioning method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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CN112698169B
CN112698169B CN202110031795.2A CN202110031795A CN112698169B CN 112698169 B CN112698169 B CN 112698169B CN 202110031795 A CN202110031795 A CN 202110031795A CN 112698169 B CN112698169 B CN 112698169B
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corona discharge
signal
ultrasonic
representing
image
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CN112698169A (en
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张晗
林振源
沈立峰
王峰
郑剑锋
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Institute of Acoustics CAS
China Agricultural University
Changzhou University
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Institute of Acoustics CAS
China Agricultural University
Changzhou University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G01R31/1209—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using acoustic measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
    • G06F18/20—Analysing
    • G06F18/24—Classification techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
    • G06F18/20—Analysing
    • G06F18/25—Fusion techniques
    • G06F18/251—Fusion techniques of input or preprocessed data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2218/00—Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing
    • G06F2218/02—Preprocessing
    • G06F2218/04—Denoising
    • G06F2218/06—Denoising by applying a scale-space analysis, e.g. using wavelet analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2218/00—Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing
    • G06F2218/12—Classification; Matching

Abstract

The application discloses a corona discharge positioning method, a corona discharge positioning device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the steps of acquiring a corona discharge signal received by an ultrasonic sensor array; performing discrete Fourier transform and focus conversion on the corona discharge signal, and establishing a covariance matrix; and determining the arrival direction of the corona discharge signal by utilizing a multi-signal classification algorithm according to the covariance matrix. Since the acoustic wave excited by the corona discharge has a frequency of up to 300kHz and has strong directivity, it may cause the ultrasonic sensors disposed at respective positions in the plane to produce different responses. According to the embodiment of the application, the arrival direction of the corona discharge signal is calculated by using a multi-signal classification algorithm, the high resolution is achieved, the corona discharge can be conveniently and timely positioned, and the method is more visual and effective.

Description

Corona discharge positioning method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic detection, in particular to a corona discharge positioning method, a corona discharge positioning device, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
Background
Corona Discharge (Corona Discharge) is a form of self-sustaining Discharge that is characteristic of extremely non-uniform electric fields, and is one of the characteristics of extremely non-uniform electric fields. When the local electric field is sufficiently high, corona discharge will greatly increase power loss during power transmission and seriously jeopardize the outdoor insulation of the high voltage power system.
At present, the related art employs an Ultra High Frequency (UHF) electromagnetic wave method or an Ultraviolet (UV) imaging method for corona discharge detection. However, the uhf electromagnetic method is susceptible to strong interference of electromagnetic noise distributed in a frequency range (30MHz to 300MHz), affecting the determination accuracy, and the uv imaging method needs to be implemented in a louver region (200nm to 280nm) of the uv spectrum, increasing the difficulty and cost of optical coupling, and when there is confusion between the uv detection device and the discharge source, the method cannot detect corona discharge.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and deficiencies of the related art, it is desirable to provide a method, an apparatus, an electronic device and a storage medium for positioning corona discharge, which can conveniently and timely position corona discharge.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method of corona discharge localization, the method comprising:
acquiring a corona discharge signal received by an ultrasonic sensor array;
performing discrete Fourier transform and focus conversion on the corona discharge signal, and establishing a covariance matrix;
and determining the arrival direction of the corona discharge signal by utilizing a multi-signal classification algorithm according to the covariance matrix.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the frequency band of the corona discharge signal received by the ultrasonic sensor array is in a range of 20kHz to 80 kHz.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the corona discharge signal is represented by:
Figure BDA0002892640710000021
in the formula, xm(t) signals received by the ultrasonic transducer array, si(t) represents a signal emitted by the discharge source, τm(θi) Representing the time delay of the signal, m representing the serial number of the sensor, N representing the total number of discharge sources, i representing the serial number of the discharge sources, Nm(t) represents a noise signal, and M represents the total number of sensors.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the ultrasonic sensor array is a double helix structure, and the reference point is located at the center of the ultrasonic sensor array.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, a sum of output values of each sensor in the ultrasonic sensor array is calculated by:
Figure BDA0002892640710000022
wherein Y (φ, θ) represents the sum of the output values of the sensors, w represents the angular velocity of the ultrasonic signal, and w represents the angular velocity of the ultrasonic signalmRepresenting the weight coefficients of the sensors and T representing the time delay of the sensors with respect to the array.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the method further comprises:
generating a foreground ultrasonic signal image according to the azimuth angle and the elevation angle in the space frequency spectrum of the multi-signal classification algorithm;
and fusing the foreground ultrasonic signal image and the background video image, and displaying the fused video image.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the fusing the foreground ultrasonic signal image and the background video image is calculated by:
H(z)＝[B(z)-C(z)]q(z)+C(z)
where h (z) represents the fused video image, b (z) represents the background video image, q (z) represents the opacity of the foreground ultrasonic signal image, and c (z) represents the foreground ultrasonic signal image.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a corona discharge positioning device, the device comprising:
the acquisition module is configured for acquiring a corona discharge signal received by the ultrasonic sensor array;
the establishing module is configured to perform discrete Fourier transform and focus conversion on the corona discharge signal and establish a covariance matrix;
a determining module configured to determine a direction of arrival of the corona discharge signal using a multi-signal classification algorithm according to the covariance matrix.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein at least one instruction, at least one program, a set of codes, or a set of instructions is stored in the memory, and the instruction, the program, the set of codes, or the set of instructions is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the steps of the corona discharge positioning method according to any one of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs being executable by one or more processors to implement the steps of the corona discharge localization method according to any one of the first aspect.
In summary, according to the corona discharge positioning method, device, electronic device, and storage medium provided in the embodiments of the present application, the corona discharge signal received by the ultrasonic sensor array is obtained, then discrete fourier transform and focus conversion are performed on the corona discharge signal, and a covariance matrix is established, so that the arrival direction of the corona discharge signal is determined by using a multi-signal classification algorithm according to the covariance matrix. Since the acoustic wave excited by the corona discharge has a frequency of up to 300kHz and has strong directivity, it may cause the ultrasonic sensors disposed at respective positions in the plane to produce different responses. The embodiment Of the application utilizes a Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm to calculate the Direction Of Arrival (DOA) Of the corona discharge Signal, has very high resolution, can conveniently and timely position the corona discharge, and is more intuitive and effective.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic sensor array in the embodiment of the application is of a double-spiral structure, and has good acoustic performance, high sensitivity and spatial resolution.
Further, the embodiment of the application is also based on an image fusion technology, and can detect the ultrasonic signal from the corona source in real time in a dynamic real scene.
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Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a corona discharge positioning method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic distribution diagram of an ultrasonic sensor array according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a spatial coordinate system of a corona discharge direction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between a spatial frequency spectrum and a foreground ultrasonic signal image f (z) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an image fusion result provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a corona discharge positioning device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another corona discharge positioning device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the drawings described above, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein.
Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or modules explicitly listed, but may include other steps or modules not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
For convenience of understanding and explanation, the method, the apparatus, the electronic device, and the storage medium for positioning corona discharge provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 7.
Please refer to fig. 1, which is a schematic flow chart of a corona discharge positioning method according to an embodiment of the present application, the method including the following steps:
and S101, acquiring a corona discharge signal received by the ultrasonic sensor array.
It should be noted that the beam pattern analysis can provide a relationship between the absolute value of the sum of outputs G (θ, absolute) (dB) of the sensor array and the direction, including the azimuth angle θ and the elevation angle Φ of the input signal. The absolute value of the output varies from signal direction to signal direction and produces a pattern of azimuth, elevation, and absolute value of the output, called a beam pattern.
To obtain good sensor acoustic performance when determining the location of the corona discharge source, embodiments of the present application consider the alignment or matching between the source and sensor beam patterns, specifically calculating the beam pattern by the following equation.
Figure BDA0002892640710000051
Where Y (Φ, θ) represents the sum of the output values of the respective sensors in the ultrasonic sensor array, and is calculated by the following equation:
Figure BDA0002892640710000052
wherein w represents the angular velocity of the ultrasonic signal, wmRepresenting the weighting factor of the sensors, M representing the total number of sensors, and T representing the time delay of the sensors with respect to the array.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the ultrasonic sensor array in the embodiment of the present application has a double-spiral structure, and the reference point is located at the center of the ultrasonic sensor array, for example, M ═ 21. The double-helix ultrasonic sensor array has the advantages that the main lobe of the beam pattern cross section of the double-helix ultrasonic sensor array is smaller than that of other arrays, and the occupied proportion of the side lobe is smaller, so that the double-helix ultrasonic sensor array has better acoustic performance, high sensitivity and spatial resolution compared with a conventional array.
And S102, performing discrete Fourier transform and focus conversion on the corona discharge signal, and establishing a covariance matrix.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the frequency band of the corona discharge signal received by the ultrasonic sensor array may be in the range of 20kHz to 80 kHz. The corona discharge signal is represented by:
Figure BDA0002892640710000053
in the formula, xm(t) signals received by the ultrasonic transducer array, si(t) represents a signal emitted by the discharge source, τm(θi) Representing the time delay of the signal, m representing the serial number of the sensor, N representing the total number of discharge sources, i representing the serial number of the discharge sources, Nm(t) representsNoise signal, M represents the total number of sensors.
The acquisition time of the signal may be divided into K sections of j samples each, where the time of each section needs to be long enough to ensure that the signal and noise are uncorrelated after the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). Then, a discrete fourier transform is performed on the j samples of the collected signal, so a model of the k-th part of the wideband signal can be represented in the frequency domain. The received signal, the discharge source signal and the noise correspond to a frequency (f)j) Wherein j is 1, 2. Therefore, the bandwidth (20 kHz-80 kHz) of the wideband signal is divided into J elements as shown by the following equation:
XK(fj)＝A(fj)SK(fj)+NK(fj) (4)
wherein X (f) represents xm(t) discrete Fourier transform, S (f) denotes si(t) discrete Fourier transform, N (f) denotes nm(t) discrete Fourier transform, A (f) representing a direction matrix, f0Indicating the focus frequency.
Further, X (f)j) Should be centered on one frequency f0To obtain a narrowband signal for use in a positioning algorithm. The embodiment of the application selects the focusing matrix by using the relation between noiseless data among frequency points through a bidirectional correlation transform (TCT) focusing method, and the broadband signal can be concentrated on a central frequency f0Further, a transformation matrix T is createdβ(fj). As shown in the following formula:
Tβ(fj)Aβ(fj)S(fj)＝Aβ(f0)S(f0) (5)
and S103, determining the arrival direction of the corona discharge signal by utilizing a multi-signal classification algorithm according to the covariance matrix.
Through the above processing, a covariance matrix R ═ E [ XX ] can be establishedH]Where H represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix. In the embodiment Of the present application, a Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm is used as a spatial spectrum estimation algorithm to obtain a Direction Of Arrival (DOA). For multiple signalsFor the classification algorithm, the covariance matrix R should be placed after feature decomposition, i.e.:
Figure BDA0002892640710000061
wherein, USSignal subspace, U, representing discharge sourcesNA signal subspace representing noise. According to this theory, the steering vector a (φ, θ) is associated with the noise subspace UNAre orthogonal.
aH(φ,θ)UN＝0 (7)
Where φ represents the elevation angle and θ represents the azimuth angle. Assuming that the ultrasonic sensor array is located at the origin of the planar coordinates XOY, the azimuth and elevation angles are defined as shown in fig. 3, which shows the two-dimensional location of the discharge. Thus, a spatial spectrum P can be obtainedMUSICThe estimation algorithm, in turn, determines the direction of arrival of the signal from the spatial spectrum, i.e.:
Figure BDA0002892640710000071
optionally, other embodiments of the present application may further generate a foreground ultrasonic signal image according to an azimuth angle and an elevation angle in a spatial frequency spectrum of a multi-signal classification algorithm; then, the foreground ultrasonic signal image and the background video image are fused, and the fused video image is displayed, so that the corona discharge positioning signal can be visually observed on the video. For image fusion, the embodiment of the application acquires the pixel and phase of discharge from the video, and generates a foreground ultrasonic signal image c (z) with the same size from the signal, wherein z is an x and y pair picture in the fitting. Suppose that the elevation angle phi of the camera is 0 deg. -40 deg., and the azimuth angle theta is 0 deg. -360 deg.. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can be based on the spatial spectrum PMUSICPhi and theta, which are representative of the location of the corona discharge on the video, in combination with the video phase, as shown in figure 4, generate a foreground ultrasound signal image c (z).
The basic goal of image fusion is to quickly extract foreground objects from a given image and seamlessly combine them into a new background. The image synthesis based on extinction has the advantage of real time. Assuming that the foreground ultrasound signal image is c (z), the background video image is b (z), and the opacity of the foreground is q (z), image fusion based on extinction of q (z) can be achieved by linear synthesis of c (z), that is:
H(z)＝[B(z)-C(z)]q(z)+C(z) (9)
where h (z) represents a fused video image.
For image fusion, the signal values will be added to the red of the video by opacity q (z), and yellow and blue multiplied by q (z). The formula for image fusion is as follows:
Hr(z)＝[Br(z)-C(z)]q(z)+C(z) (10)
Hy(z)＝By(z)q(z) (11)
Hb(z)＝Bb(z)q(z) (12)
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an image fusion result provided in the embodiment of the present application. After the images are fused, the fused images are continuously displayed on a computer display, so that real-time video detection of corona discharge is realized. Compared with other methods, the system has the advantages of low design cost and high accuracy. It should be noted that the system can be used for not only corona discharge positioning detection, but also sound field distribution measurement, vibration monitoring, and the like.
According to the corona discharge positioning method provided by the embodiment of the application, the corona discharge signals received by the ultrasonic sensor array are obtained, then discrete Fourier transform and focus conversion are carried out on the corona discharge signals, and a covariance matrix is established, so that the arrival direction of the corona discharge signals is determined by utilizing a multi-signal classification algorithm according to the covariance matrix. Since the acoustic wave excited by the corona discharge has a frequency of up to 300kHz and has strong directivity, it may cause the ultrasonic sensors disposed at respective positions in the plane to produce different responses. According to the embodiment of the application, the arrival direction of the corona discharge signal is calculated by using a multi-signal classification algorithm, the high resolution is achieved, the corona discharge can be conveniently and timely positioned, and the method is more visual and effective.
Based on the foregoing embodiments, the present application provides a corona discharge positioning device. The device 100 may be applied to the corona discharge positioning method according to the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 5, as shown in fig. 6, and includes:
an acquisition module 101 configured to acquire a corona discharge signal received by the ultrasonic sensor array;
an establishing module 102 configured to perform discrete fourier transform and focus conversion on the corona discharge signal, and establish a covariance matrix;
a determining module 103 configured to determine the arrival direction of the corona discharge signal using a multi-signal classification algorithm according to the covariance matrix.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the frequency band of the corona discharge signal received by the ultrasonic sensor array is in a range of 20kHz to 80 kHz.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the corona discharge signal is represented by:
Figure BDA0002892640710000081
in the formula, xm(t) signals received by the ultrasonic transducer array, si(t) represents a signal emitted by the discharge source, τm(θi) Representing the time delay of the signal, m representing the serial number of the sensor, N representing the total number of discharge sources, i representing the serial number of the discharge sources, Nm(t) represents a noise signal, and M represents the total number of sensors.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the ultrasonic sensor array is a double helix structure, and the reference point is located at a center of the ultrasonic sensor array.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, a sum of output values of each sensor in the ultrasonic sensor array is calculated by:
Figure BDA0002892640710000082
wherein Y (φ, θ) represents the sum of the output values of the sensors, w represents the angular velocity of the ultrasonic signal, and w represents the angular velocity of the ultrasonic signalmRepresenting the weight coefficients of the sensors and T representing the time delay of the sensors with respect to the array.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 7, the apparatus 100 further includes:
a generating module 104, configured to generate a foreground ultrasonic signal image according to an azimuth angle and an elevation angle in a spatial frequency spectrum of a multi-signal classification algorithm;
and the fusion module 105 is configured to fuse the foreground ultrasonic signal image and the background video image, and display the fused video image.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the fusion module 105 fuses the foreground ultrasonic signal image and the background video image, and calculates by the following formula:
H(z)＝[B(z)-C(z)]q(z)+C(z)
where h (z) represents the fused video image, b (z) represents the background video image, q (z) represents the opacity of the foreground ultrasonic signal image, and c (z) represents the foreground ultrasonic signal image.
It should be noted that, for the descriptions of the same steps and the same contents in this embodiment as those in other embodiments, reference may be made to the descriptions in other embodiments, which are not described herein again.
The corona discharge positioning device provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages that the sound wave excited by corona discharge has the frequency of 300kHz and strong directivity, so that the ultrasonic sensors arranged at various positions in a plane can generate different responses. According to the embodiment of the application, the arrival direction of the corona discharge signal is calculated by using a multi-signal classification algorithm, the high resolution is achieved, the corona discharge can be conveniently and timely positioned, and the method is more visual and effective.
Based on the foregoing embodiments, an electronic device is provided in an embodiment of the present application, and includes a processor and a memory. The memory has stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, set of codes, or set of instructions that are loaded and executed by the processor to implement the steps of the corona discharge localization method of the corresponding embodiment of fig. 1-5.
It should be noted that the electronic devices referred to in the embodiments of the present application may include, but are not limited to, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a Tablet Computer (Tablet Computer), a wireless handheld device, and the like.
As another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing program code for executing any one implementation of the corona discharge positioning method of the foregoing corresponding embodiment of fig. 1 to 5.
It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the system, the apparatus and the module described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules is merely a logical division, and in actual implementation, there may be other divisions, for example, multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not implemented. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or modules, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form. Modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as modules may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
In addition, functional modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each module may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit. The integrated unit, if implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as a separate product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the corona discharge positioning method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (3)

1. A method of corona discharge localization, the method comprising:
determining the sum of the output values of the individual transducers in the ultrasonic transducer array by:
Figure FDA0003333621150000011
wherein Y (φ, θ) represents the sum of the output values of the sensors, w represents the angular velocity of the ultrasonic signal, and w represents the angular velocity of the ultrasonic signalmRepresenting the weight coefficient of the sensor, τmRepresenting the time delay of the sensor relative to the array;
the beam pattern is calculated by:
Figure FDA0003333621150000012
determining a sensor array through the calculated beam pattern, wherein the sensor array is of a double-spiral structure, and a reference point is located at the center of the ultrasonic sensor array;
acquiring a corona discharge signal received by an ultrasonic sensor array;
performing discrete Fourier transform and focus conversion on the corona discharge signal, and establishing a covariance matrix;
determining the arrival direction of the corona discharge signal by utilizing a multi-signal classification algorithm according to the covariance matrix;
generating a foreground ultrasonic signal image according to the azimuth angle and the elevation angle in the space frequency spectrum of the multi-signal classification algorithm;
fusing the foreground ultrasonic signal image and the background video image, and displaying the fused video image; wherein, the fusion of the foreground ultrasonic signal image and the background video image is calculated by the following formula:
H(z)＝[B(z)-C(z)]q(z)+C(z)
where h (z) represents the fused video image, b (z) represents the background video image, q (z) represents the opacity of the foreground ultrasonic signal image, and c (z) represents the foreground ultrasonic signal image.
2. The corona discharge localization method of claim 1, wherein the frequency band of the corona discharge signal received by the ultrasonic sensor array is in a range of 20kHz to 80 kHz.
3. The corona discharge localization method of claim 2, wherein the corona discharge signal is represented by:
Figure FDA0003333621150000021
in the formula, xm(t) signals received by the ultrasonic transducer array, si(t) represents a signal emitted by the discharge source, τm(θi) Representing the time delay of the signal, m representing the serial number of the sensor, N representing the total number of discharge sources, i representing the serial number of the discharge sources, Nm(t) represents a noise signal, and M represents the total number of sensors.
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