CN112697409A

CN112697409A - Test bed and test method for blade disc coupling rotor

Info

Publication number: CN112697409A
Application number: CN202011442038.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 漆文凯; 周凯迈; 温伟
Original assignee: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Current assignee: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Priority date: 2020-12-08
Filing date: 2020-12-08
Publication date: 2021-04-23

Abstract

The invention provides a test bed for a blade disc coupling rotor and a test method thereof. The sealing box comprises a box body with an opening at the upper part and a box cover for closing the box body, and a protective cover is arranged in the sealing box; the test bed is arranged in the protective cover and comprises a test bed base, a first bearing seat and a second bearing seat which are arranged on the test bed base, a rotating shaft arranged between the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat and a motor in transmission connection with the rotating shaft; the control mechanism comprises a film contact switch mechanism arranged close to the rotating shaft, a power supply control box connected with the film contact switch mechanism, a speed regulating box connected with the motor, two displacement sensors arranged on two sides of the rotating shaft, a vibration measurement acquisition instrument, a photoelectric sensor connected with the vibration measurement acquisition instrument and a working condition machine. The rotor test bed has the advantages of simple structure, low processing cost, high safety performance, simple test method steps, wide applicability and reliable measurement result.

Description

Test bed and test method for blade disc coupling rotor

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation systems, and particularly relates to a test bed for a blade disc coupling rotor and a test method thereof.

Background

The aircraft engine is a double-rotor system, and the rotor system is the most accident critical part in the engine, and the safety and the reliability of the aircraft are directly related to the safety of the whole aircraft. The blade-disk system is an important part of an aeroengine rotor system, and the blade and the disk are separately and independently researched for a long time, so that the coupling effect between the blade and the disk is ignored. With the development of aviation technology in a new period, an aeroengine rotor system tends to be refined, and domestic and foreign scholars gradually adopt a blade-wheel disc coupling rotor system as a test research object to accurately obtain the real vibration characteristics of the rotor system through a blade disc coupling rotor test capable of fully reflecting the coupling vibration relationship among all parts of the structure.

The Chinese patent application No. 201821238176.0 discloses an adjustable rotor vibration test bench, which discloses an adjustable rotor vibration test bench, comprising a guide rail sliding table, a rail sliding plate, a height adjusting mounting plate, a bearing seat, a sensor mounting base and a variable frequency motor. The rotor test bench provided by the invention is not provided with a protective device and an automatic protective device when the amplitude is too large, and great potential safety hazards are caused to operators and instruments, so that the rotor test bench is not suitable for testing the blade-wheel disc coupling rotor.

The chinese patent application No. 201120374254.1 discloses a rotor test bed system with vibration and temperature exceeding self-protection function, which discloses a rotor test bed system with vibration and temperature exceeding self-protection function. When the amplitude of the rotor test bed system is too large, the signals of the displacement sensor are collected by the data collection module and then transmitted to the data processing module, the data processing module is respectively provided with a displacement signal safety threshold, when the vibration displacement of any position exceeds the set threshold, the data processing module outputs voltage, so that the relay is conducted to start working, the relay is connected with a contact of the main control system to be closed, a system shutdown program in the main control system subcircuit is started, the main control system sequentially shuts off the main motor and the lubricating system, and the purpose of protecting the operation safety of the test bed is achieved.

In the design of a previous rotor test bed system, the blades of a rotor test piece are equivalent to a wheel disc or a rotating shaft in a rotor test bed test, and a disc rotor is used for replacing a disc coupling rotor. Firstly, because air resistance can make rotor test piece take place the blade more easily and fly absolutely, cause the experimental accident. Secondly, due to air resistance, the motor power overload state is easy to occur and the motor is damaged, so that the test cost is increased. Thirdly, because the rotor test table test itself has certain danger, if the rotor test piece is provided with the blade, once the blade is broken or the rotor system vibrates violently in the test process, great potential safety hazards are caused to operating personnel and instruments and equipment. And fourthly, the disk coupling rotor test cannot measure the data at the rotor by using the traditional measuring method. The inherent characteristics of the rotor are only related to the parameters of the system, the air resistance can increase the test risk, and the instrument and equipment are easy to wear, so that the test of the blisk coupling rotor under the vacuum condition is imperative, but the three problems of achieving the vacuum environment, being convenient for replacing a rotor test piece and ensuring the safety of an operator in the test process become the biggest difficult problems of the test of the blisk coupling rotor under the vacuum condition.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems and defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a blade disc coupling rotor test bed and a test method thereof, and aims to solve the main technical problems of ensuring safe and reliable performance of a blade disc coupling rotor test bed test under a vacuum condition.

A blisk-coupled rotor test stand, comprising:

the sealing box comprises a box body with an opening at the upper part and a box cover for sealing the box body, a protective cover is arranged in the sealing box, a vacuum diaphragm valve connected with an external air pump is arranged on the box body, and a sealing water tank is arranged at the top of the box body;

the test bed is fixedly arranged in the protective cover through the base and comprises a test bed base, a first bearing seat and a second bearing seat which are movably arranged on the test bed base, a rotating shaft arranged between the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat, a motor in transmission connection with the rotating shaft, and a rotor test piece arranged on the rotating shaft;

control mechanism, including the film contact switch mechanism that is close to the pivot setting, the power control box who is connected with film contact switch mechanism, the speed adjusting box of being connected with the motor, locate two displacement sensor, the collection appearance of measuring vibration of pivot both sides and with the photoelectric sensor and the operating mode machine that the collection appearance of measuring vibration links to each other, the speed adjusting box is connected with the power control box.

Furthermore, the test bed base is clamped and fixed on the base through an arched pressure plate.

Furthermore, a sealing water tank is arranged at the top of the box body, and the box cover is matched with the sealing water tank through a rubber sealing ring to seal the box body.

Furthermore, the displacement sensors are eddy current sensors, the two displacement sensors are movably arranged on the base of the test bed in a staggered mode through displacement sensor supports, and the displacement sensors are connected with the vibration measurement acquisition instrument through a debugging box.

Furthermore, the membrane contact switch mechanism comprises a membrane contact switch and a switch bracket, and the switch bracket is movably arranged on the test bed base.

Further, the motor is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft through a coupler.

Furthermore, the motor is installed on one side, far away from the first bearing seat, of the second bearing seat through the motor support, and the photoelectric sensor is installed on the motor support through the photoelectric sensor support and is as high as the reflecting strips on the coupler.

Further, the top of the box cover is provided with a pressure gauge and a handle, and the sealing box is made of an acrylic material.

Furthermore, the protective cover is in a flip grid type with a buckle ring, and a bolt mounting hole is formed in the bottom of the protective cover.

A test method of a bladed-disk coupled rotor test bed comprises the following steps:

s1: fixing the box body on the ground;

s2: the protective cover is arranged on the base through a bolt, and the base of the test bed is clamped and fixed on the base through an arched pressing plate;

s3: mounting a rotor test piece on a rotating shaft;

s4: the photoelectric sensor is arranged on the photoelectric sensor support, the height of the photoelectric sensor is consistent with that of the reflecting strip on the coupler, and the photoelectric sensor is connected with the vibration measurement acquisition instrument;

s5: fixing two displacement sensors on a test bed base through a displacement sensor bracket, wherein the displacement sensors are connected with a vibration measurement acquisition instrument through a debugging box;

s6: installing a membrane contact switch mechanism close to the rotating shaft;

s7: leading out the electric wire of the control mechanism through a small hole on the box body, and completely sealing the small hole by using sealing plaster;

s8: injecting water into the sealed water tank, mounting the tank cover on the tank body, pumping air in the tank body out through a vacuum diaphragm valve by using an air pump, and completely attaching the rubber sealing ring of the tank cover to the bottom of the sealed water tank through the internal and external pressure difference to achieve a vacuum state;

s9: and starting the vibration measurement acquisition instrument, monitoring the test state through the working condition machine, and performing a dynamic characteristic test of the blade disc coupling rotor under the vacuum condition.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. due to air resistance, the motor is easy to be damaged and in an overload state, and the test result is influenced along with vibration and heating phenomena, so that the test cost is increased. And the rotor test has certain danger, especially the rotor test with blades, therefore the invention adopts the double-layer protection device of the protective cover and the film contact switch mechanism, can protect the safety of operators and instruments and equipment, and can safely and reliably carry out the blade disc coupling rotor test.

3. The sealing box adopts a water seal device, and when the air pump pumps out the air in the sealing, the rubber sealing ring of the box cover can be completely attached to the bottom of the sealing water tank through the internal and external pressure difference, so the sealing box in the design has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, good sealing effect, simple structure and easy replacement of a rotor test piece.

4. The protective cover is a flip cover with buckle rings, and can be hooked by a common hook during testing to tightly buckle the flip cover of the protective cover, so that the protective cover has the advantages of simple structure, high safety and convenience in replacing a rotor test piece.

5. The protective cover is of a grid type, the sealing box is made of acrylic materials, the transparency is good, and an operator can clearly observe the test process and state while the protective function is achieved.

6. The displacement sensor bracket is movably connected with the test bed base, and has the advantage of adjustable measuring position.

7. The switch bracket is movably connected with the base of the test bed and used for adjusting the distance between the film contact switch and the rotating shaft and also used for adjusting the placement position of the film contact switch.

8. The test piece is a rotor test piece with blades, if the displacement sensor is used for directly measuring the displacement at the position of the blade disc coupled rotor, the cross section area of the blades is too small to meet the requirement of the size of the area to be measured of the displacement sensor, and the rotor test piece is a rotor with blades of different sizes, so that the measurement position of the displacement sensor needs to be readjusted when different rotor test pieces are measured, and the test process becomes complicated. In order to solve the problem, displacement sensors are arranged on two sides of the rotating shaft to measure the displacement of the rotating shaft, and the test result of the dynamic characteristic of the rotor can be obtained.

9. According to the invention, the displacement sensors in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can interfere with each other, so that the two displacement sensors are arranged at a certain distance and are placed in a staggered manner, and the measured data is more accurate.

10. According to the invention, the test bed base is clamped and fixed on the base through the plurality of arc-shaped pressing plates, so that the test bed is more stable, the influence on the dynamic characteristic of the bladed disk coupling rotor is smaller, and the test result is more accurate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a test bed of a bladed-disk coupled rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a shield according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor test stand (mounted on a base) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor test stand according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a membrane contact switch mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a control mechanism of a rotor test bed in an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 100. a sealing box; 101. a box body; 102. a box cover; 1021. a rubber seal ring; 103. a pressure gauge; 104. a vacuum diaphragm valve; 105. sealing the water tank; 106. a handle; 200. a base; 201. an arcuate platen; 300. a protective cover; 301. a retaining ring; 302. a cover is turned; 303. a bolt mounting hole; 400. a membrane contact switch; 401. a switch bracket; 500. a rotor test piece; 600. a power supply control box; 601. a speed regulating box; 602. debugging the box; 603. an eddy current sensor; 6031. an eddy current sensor mount; 604. a vibration measurement acquisition instrument; 605. a photosensor; 6051. a photosensor support; 606. a working condition machine; 700. a rotor test bed; 701. a test bed base; 702. a first bearing housing; 703. a second bearing housing; 704. a rotating shaft; 705. a motor; 7051. a motor support; 7052. a coupling is provided.

Detailed Description

The specific contents of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

In one aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a blisk coupled rotor test stand, as shown in fig. 1-6, including a sealed box 100 having dimensions 1180mm × 700mm × 500mm, a base 200 having dimensions 970mm × 600mm × 110mm, a shield 300 having dimensions 820mm × 460mm × 340mm, and a membrane contact switch mechanism. Wherein:

the sealed box 100 comprises a box body 101, a box cover 102, a pressure gauge 103 and a vacuum diaphragm valve 104. A sealed water tank 105 with the width of 30mm and a vacuum diaphragm valve 104 are arranged on a box body 101 of the sealed box 100; the upper end of the case cover 102 is provided with a pressure gauge 103 and a handle 106, and the periphery of the case cover 102 is wrapped with a rubber sealing ring 1021. When the air pump pumps out the air inside the sealed box 100, the rubber sealing ring 1021 of the box cover 102 and the bottom of the sealed water tank 105 can be completely attached tightly through the pressure difference between the inside and the outside, so that the sealing effect is achieved. A rotor test bed 700 is arranged in the seal box 100, the rotor test bed 700 comprises a test bed base 701, a first bearing pedestal 702 and a second bearing pedestal 703 which are movably arranged on the test bed base 701, a rotating shaft 704 arranged between the first bearing pedestal 702 and the second bearing pedestal 703, and a motor 705 in transmission connection with the rotating shaft 704, wherein the motor 705 is arranged on one side of the second bearing pedestal 703 far away from the first bearing pedestal 702 through a motor support 7051;

the protective cover 300 is installed on the base 200 through bolts, the protective cover 300 is in a buckle ring flip grid type, bolt installation holes 303 are formed in the bottom of the protective cover, and a buckle ring 301 of the protective cover can be hooked by hooks during testing. When the operator needs to replace the rotor test piece 500 and perform the dynamic balance test of the rotor, the hook is taken down and the flip cover 302 is opened.

The foundation base 200 is provided with T-shaped grooves which are uniformly distributed in the transverse and longitudinal directions, 4T-shaped grooves are arranged in the transverse direction, and 7T-shaped grooves are arranged in the longitudinal direction; the test bed base 701 is longitudinally provided with 3T-shaped grooves; the test bed base 701 is clamped and fixed on the base 200 through the arc-shaped pressing plate 201 by using bolts, so that the rotor test bed 700 is more stable.

The membrane contact switch mechanism comprises a membrane contact switch 400 and a switch bracket 401. The membrane touch switch 400 is square, and the contact surface is in a round drum shape; the bottom surface of the switch bracket 401 is provided with a rectangular through hole for adjusting the distance between the film contact switch 400 and the rotating shaft 704; the switch bracket 401 is fixed on the test bed base 701 through a movable bolt; the membrane contact switch 400 is attached to the switch bracket 401 and connected to the power control box 600 that supplies power to the speed-adjusting box 601.

In the blade disc coupling rotor test process, once a blade flying-off accident occurs, the double-layer protection of the protective cover 300 and the film contact switch 400 provides a huge guarantee for the personal safety of operators, and can also provide sufficient reaction time for the operators to cut off power supply shutdown equipment, so that more serious accidents are prevented.

The rotor test bed system normally vibrates, the power supply control box 600 continuously supplies power to the speed regulating box 601, and an operator can control the rotating speed of the rotor test piece 500 through the speed regulating box 601, wherein the speed regulating range is 0-15000 rpm; when the vibration amplitude exceeds the set distance between the membrane contact switch 400 and the rotating shaft 704, the rotating shaft 704 collides with the membrane contact switch 400, so that the power control box 600 is immediately turned off, then the power control box 600 immediately stops supplying power to the speed regulation box 601, and the motor 705 stops working. After the test state is debugged again, the membrane contact switch 400 is turned on, and the restart button of the speed-adjusting box 601 is pressed, so that the motor 705 can continue to operate.

The sealing box 100 is made of a transparent acrylic material.

In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a testing method for a blisk coupled rotor test bed, including the following steps:

s1: the sealing box 100 is fixed on the ground by using sealing cement, more water can be added into the sealing water tank 105, the weight of the sealing box 100 is increased, and the influence of the vibration of the rotor test bed 700 on the sealing performance is reduced; a layer of vibration reduction rubber pad is arranged between the base 200 and the ground, and the influence on the sealing performance of the sealing box 100 after the rotor test bed 700 vibrates is also reduced;

s2: installing the protective cover 300 on the base 200 through bolts, and clamping and fixing the test bed base 701 on the base 200 through the arc-shaped pressing plate 201;

s3: the rotor test piece 500 is arranged on the rotating shaft 704, the rotor test piece 500 is connected with the rotating shaft 704 through the conical shrinkage sleeve, the rotor test piece 500 can be arranged at any position of the rotating shaft 704, and the rotor test bed 700 in the embodiment is suitable for the rotor test piece 500 with the distance from the shaft center to the top of the blade within 100 mm;

s4: the photoelectric sensor 605 is arranged on a photoelectric sensor support 6051, and the photoelectric sensor 605 and the photoelectric sensor support 6051 can be clamped by a fastening screw on one side of the photoelectric sensor 605; the photoelectric sensor support 6051 is fixed on the motor support 7051 through bolts; the height of the photoelectric sensor 605 is consistent with that of the reflective strip on the coupler 7052, if the surface of the coupler 7052 is smooth and reflective, a black adhesive tape can be firstly wound on the surface of the coupler 7052 for one circle, and then the reflective strip is attached, so that the influence of the coupler 7052 on the photoelectric sensor 605 can be avoided; then the photoelectric sensor 605 is directly connected with the vibration measurement acquisition instrument 604;

s5: because the rotor test piece 500 is a rotor test piece with blades, if the eddy current sensor 603 is used for directly measuring the displacement at the position of the blade disc coupled with the rotor, the cross-sectional area of the blades is too small to meet the requirement of the size of the area to be measured of the eddy current sensor 603, and the rotor test piece 500 is a rotor with blades of different sizes, the measurement position of the eddy current sensor 603 needs to be readjusted when different rotor test pieces 500 are measured, so that the test process becomes complicated; in order to solve the problem, the eddy current sensor 603 is changed to measure the displacement of the rotating shaft 704, and the test result of the dynamic characteristic of the rotor can be obtained;

s6: 2 eddy current sensors 603 are clamped on an eddy current sensor bracket 6031 through 2 nuts, and the distance between the eddy current sensors 603 and the rotating shaft 704 can be adjusted; the eddy current sensor support 6031 is connected with the rotor test bed 700 through a movable bolt, so that the measuring position of the eddy current sensor 603 can be adjusted; in order to avoid mutual interference of the eddy current sensors 603 in the horizontal and vertical directions, the 2 eddy current sensors 603 must be arranged in a staggered manner at a certain distance; the eddy current sensor 603 is connected with a vibration measurement acquisition instrument 604 through a debugging box 602;

s7: the membrane contact switch 400 is arranged at the position where the deflection of the rotating shaft 704 is large, and is closer to the rotating shaft 704 than the two eddy current sensors 603, and the membrane contact switch 400 is contacted before the rotating shaft 704 damages the eddy current sensors 603, so that the motor 705 stops working, and the phenomenon that the 2 eddy current sensors 603 are damaged due to overlarge amplitude of the rotating shaft 704 is avoided;

s8: leading out the electric wire of the control mechanism through a small hole on the box body 101, and completely sealing the small hole by using sufficient sealing cement;

s9: injecting water into the sealed water tank 105, covering the tank cover 102 on the tank body 101, pumping out air in the sealed tank 100 through the vacuum diaphragm valve 104 by using an air pump, and completely attaching the rubber sealing ring 1021 of the tank cover 102 to the bottom of the sealed water tank 105 through the internal and external pressure difference, wherein when the index of the pressure gauge 103 reaches-0.07, the test can be started;

s10: and starting the vibration measurement acquisition instrument 604, monitoring the test state in the working condition machine 606, and performing a dynamic characteristic test of the blade disc coupling rotor under a vacuum condition. And (3) carrying out a dynamic characteristic test of the blade disc coupling rotor under a vacuum condition, recording the rotating speed, the phase and the amplitude of the test, and obtaining a Bode diagram, an axis locus diagram and a response curve diagram through rotating mechanical test software.

It should be noted that there are many ways and ways to implement the technical solution of the present invention, and the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention. All the components not specified in the present embodiment can be realized by the prior art.

Claims

1. A bladed-disk coupled rotor test bed is characterized by comprising:

2. The blisk-coupled rotor test stand of claim 1, wherein: the test bed base is clamped and fixed on the base through the arch-shaped pressing plate.

3. The blisk-coupled rotor test stand of claim 1, wherein: the displacement sensors are eddy current sensors, the two displacement sensors are movably arranged on the base of the test bed in a staggered mode through displacement sensor supports, and the displacement sensors are connected with the vibration measurement acquisition instrument through the debugging box.

4. The blisk-coupled rotor test stand of claim 1, wherein: the membrane contact switch mechanism comprises a membrane contact switch and a switch bracket, and the switch bracket is movably arranged on the test bed base.

5. The blisk-coupled rotor test stand of claim 1, wherein: the motor is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft through a coupler.

6. The blisk-coupled rotor test stand of claim 5, wherein: the motor is installed on one side, far away from the first bearing seat, of the second bearing seat through the motor support, and the photoelectric sensor is installed on the motor support through the photoelectric sensor support and is as high as the reflecting strips on the coupler.

7. The blisk-coupled rotor test stand of claim 1, wherein: the case lid top is equipped with manometer and handle, the seal box adopts ya keli material to make.

8. The blisk-coupled rotor test stand of claim 1, wherein: the protective cover is in a flip grid type with a buckle ring, and a bolt mounting hole is formed in the bottom of the protective cover.

9. Testing method of a blisk-coupled rotor test bench according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

s1: fixing the box body on the ground;

s3: mounting a rotor test piece on a rotating shaft;

s4: the photoelectric sensor is arranged on a photoelectric sensor support, keeps the same height with the reflecting strips on the coupler, and is connected with a vibration measurement and acquisition instrument;

s6: installing a membrane contact switch mechanism close to the rotating shaft;

s8: injecting water into the sealed water tank, mounting the tank cover on the tank body, pumping air in the tank body out through a vacuum diaphragm valve by using an air pump, and completely attaching a rubber sealing ring on the tank cover to the bottom of the sealed water tank through internal and external pressure difference to achieve a vacuum state;