CN112696401B - Automatic early warning mechanism-based active vibration suppression control system for deep sea risers - Google Patents
Automatic early warning mechanism-based active vibration suppression control system for deep sea risers Download PDFInfo
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- CN112696401B CN112696401B CN201911010403.3A CN201911010403A CN112696401B CN 112696401 B CN112696401 B CN 112696401B CN 201911010403 A CN201911010403 A CN 201911010403A CN 112696401 B CN112696401 B CN 112696401B
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- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004401 flow injection analysis Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
- F15D1/10—Influencing flow of fluids around bodies of solid material
- F15D1/12—Influencing flow of fluids around bodies of solid material by influencing the boundary layer
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/01—Risers
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of deep sea engineering, and particularly relates to a deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on an automatic early warning mechanism. The invention establishes a deep sea riser vortex-induced vibration active vibration suppression control system consisting of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) strain, a pressure sensor, a water jet type active vibration suppression device (comprising a high-pressure open pipe, a high-pressure flow transmission pipe, a high-strength connecting device, a high-pressure water pump, a control valve and a pressure change valve) and a control computer. When the sea water flows through the deep sea riser, the fiber bragg grating demodulator transmits vibration data acquired by the strain and pressure sensors to the computer monitoring system, and when the received strain signal exceeds a critical value, the computer feedback system transmits an early warning instruction to the control valve, and the high-pressure water pump is automatically started; the computer monitoring system judges the vibration level of the deep sea riser through the pressure signal, and the computer feedback system transmits the instruction to the pressure changing valve to perform secondary regulation and control on the power of the high-pressure water pump so as to change the fluid pressure output under different vibration levels. The whole process can realize automatic early warning and active inhibition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of deep sea engineering, and particularly relates to an automatic early warning control system for actively inhibiting vortex-induced vibration of a deep sea riser, reducing vibration amplitude and prolonging fatigue life of the riser.
Background
Marine risers (Marine Riser) are used to connect offshore platforms to subsea wellheads, are the necessary transfer lines for deep sea oil and gas resource development, and are the most complex type of equipment in deep sea production systems. During the running of the marine oil and gas development system, the inside of the vertical pipe is generally provided with high-pressure oil or air flowing through, and the outside of the vertical pipe is required to bear the effect of various complex marine environmental loads such as waves, ocean currents, ice, earthquakes and the like; the top is provided with a platform connected with the top, and the bottom is connected with a seabed wellhead. The riser has a severe service environment, extremely complex stress and huge construction cost, is a high-tech engineering facility for ocean oil and gas development, and is one of weak and vulnerable engineering facilities. Based on the structural characteristics of the vertical pipe with a large slenderness ratio, the vertical pipe is under the action of complex ocean environmental loads such as waves, ocean currents and the like for a long time, and forced excitation vibration can occur in the forward direction; simultaneously, due to the action of ocean currents, vortex can be formed on two sides of the vertical pipe alternately, and Vortex shedding generates a periodical variable force, so that the vertical pipe generates Vortex induced-vibration (VIV) in the transverse direction perpendicular to the forward flow direction, and the Vortex induced vibration is a main factor for inducing fatigue damage of the vertical pipe. Once the riser is damaged, it will cause a significant economic loss and cause serious marine pollution and secondary disasters.
The damage of vortex-induced vibration to the vertical pipe is effectively inhibited, and the method has important engineering value and theoretical significance. In order to effectively reduce the damage effect of vortex-induced vibration on the vertical pipe, various nations, research institutions and petroleum companies have conducted extensive research on vortex-induced vibration suppression, it is proposed to add vibration suppression devices to the outer side of the vertical pipe, namely, to change the surface shape of a structure or add other devices to the surface of the structure to damage the formation of vortex, so as to weaken the fluid oscillation force, thereby suppressing the vortex-induced vibration and improving the fatigue life of the vertical pipe, namely, the 'passive suppression'. For passive suppression, the vibration suppression device is added on the outer side of the vertical pipe to suppress vortex-induced vibration, so that the drag force is increased, the forward flow amplitude is increased, and the fatigue damage of the vertical pipe is increased. Because of complex marine environment conditions, limitation of wave and incoming flow direction and attachment of marine plankton, the use of the existing vibration suppression device has limitation, and the service life of the vertical pipe cannot be met, so that research and exploration of the novel vibration suppression device are urgent in order to adapt to the requirements of deep water and ultra-deep water marine environments.
The active suppression means that an external disturbance is introduced into a flow field by using a driving device with external energy input so as to control vortex shedding and reduce the vibration amplitude of the structure. For active inhibition, the test system and inhibition effect are development bottlenecks, and the research is less at present. With the development of ocean oil and gas to deep water and ultra-deep water, active inhibition has a greater advantage than passive inhibition, research of a riser vortex-induced vibration active inhibition test system is carried out, the method has important practical significance for reducing the damage risk of the riser in the service period, and meanwhile, the method can perfect the riser vortex-induced vibration process design theory, has important theoretical significance and engineering application value, and is one of key problems to be solved in the current riser vortex-induced vibration inhibition design theory.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the existing deep sea riser vortex-induced vibration active suppression early warning system, and designs a deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on an automatic early warning mechanism. In order to achieve the above purpose, the system of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on the automatic early warning mechanism mainly comprises a high-pressure water pump device, a high-pressure flow transmission pipe, a high-pressure open pipe, a high-strength connecting piece, a control valve and a variable-pressure valve for controlling and adjusting the high-pressure water pump, an FBG strain sensor, an FBG pressure sensor, an optical fiber grating demodulator and a computer monitoring and feedback system.
The high-pressure open-hole pipe and the deep sea vertical pipe are arranged in parallel along the vertical direction, and are arranged right behind the vertical pipe, water injection holes of the high-pressure open-hole pipe are equally divided into three rows at 120 degrees along the axial direction of the pipeline, and the omnidirectional requirement of incoming flow can be met in this way.
The high-pressure water pump is connected with the high-pressure perforated pipe through the high-pressure delivery pipe, the control valve and the pressure-variable valve are connected with the high-pressure delivery pipe, a strain early-warning program for starting the high-pressure water pump and a pressure early-warning program for different vibration grades of the vertical pipe are written in the computer monitoring system, when ocean current or wave passes through the deep sea vertical pipe, once a vertical pipe strain signal received by the computer monitoring program exceeds an early-warning critical value, the computer feedback system transmits an early-warning instruction to the control valve, the control valve automatically starts the high-pressure water pump, and when the vertical pipe strain signal is lower than the early-warning critical value, the control valve automatically closes the high-pressure water pump; after the high-pressure water pump is started, the monitoring system judges different vibration levels through the vertical pipe pressure signals, the computer feedback system further transmits instructions to the variable-pressure valve, and output power of the high-pressure water pump is regulated and controlled secondarily, so that fluid pressure ejected from the high-pressure open-pore pipe under different levels of vibration is changed, and finally the effect of vortex-induced vibration active inhibition is achieved. By adopting the technical scheme, the system has the following beneficial effects:
1. the water injection holes of the high-pressure perforated pipe in the system are distributed around the water injection pipe at 120 degrees in an equal proportion, so that the requirement of omnidirectionality can be met when the sea water and waves are faced, vortex shedding generated in all directions is damaged, vortex-induced vibration of the vertical pipe is restrained, and the fatigue life of the vertical pipe is prolonged.
2. The system can fill the blank that the current deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on an automatic early warning mechanism is applied to practice, can efficiently suppress vortex-induced vibration response of the deep sea riser, and can maximally reduce fatigue damage of the riser.
3. The system of the invention not only can save energy output, avoid material waste and prevent environmental pollution, but also can completely realize self-modulation in the whole operation process, thereby achieving automatic intelligent control and targeted inhibition of different levels of vibration of the vertical pipe.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall flow of the system of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a computer monitoring and feedback system
The device comprises a 1-high-pressure water pump, a 2-water inlet, a 3-water outlet, a 4-control valve, a 5-computer monitoring and feedback system, a 6-pressure changing valve, a 7-high-pressure fluid jet hole, an 8-high-pressure open-hole pipe, a 9-fiber grating demodulator, a 10-deep sea riser, a 11-FBG pressure sensor, a 12-FBG strain sensor, a 13-high-pressure flow transmission pipe and a 14-ocean current or wave.
Detailed Description
The following describes the invention in more detail with reference to the drawings.
The invention relates to a deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on an automatic early warning mechanism, which is shown in figure 1 and mainly comprises nine parts, namely a high-pressure water pump 1, a high-pressure flow transmission pipe 13, a high-pressure perforated pipe 8, a control valve 4 and a variable-pressure valve 6 for controlling and adjusting the high-pressure water pump, an FBG strain sensor 12, an FBG pressure sensor 11, a fiber grating demodulator 9 and a computer monitoring and feedback system 5. When ocean currents or waves 14 flow through the deep sea riser 10, the FBG strain sensors 12 and the FBG pressure sensors 11 around the riser collect strain and pressure data of the riser, and the strain signals and the pressure signals are processed through the fiber bragg grating demodulator 9 and then transmitted to a computer system.
As shown in fig. 2, the computer system includes two modules, namely a monitoring module and a feedback module, a strain early warning program for starting the high-pressure water pump 1 and a pressure early warning program for different vibration grades of the vertical pipe are written in the monitoring system 5, once the strain signal of the vertical pipe received by the computer monitoring program exceeds an early warning critical value, the computer feedback system 5 transmits an early warning instruction to the control valve 4, the control valve 4 automatically starts the high-pressure water pump 1, and when the strain signal of the vertical pipe is lower than the early warning critical value, the control valve 4 automatically closes the high-pressure water pump 1; after the high-pressure water pump 1 is started, the monitoring system 5 judges different vibration levels through the vertical pipe pressure signal, the computer feedback system 5 further transmits instructions to the variable pressure valve 6, and the output power of the high-pressure water pump 1 is regulated and controlled secondarily, so that the fluid pressure ejected from the high-pressure open-pore pipe 8 under different strong and weak vibrations is changed; the high-pressure water pump 1 is connected with the high-pressure perforated pipe 8 through the high-pressure flow transmission pipe 13, and the high-pressure perforated pipe 8 is provided with three rows of high-pressure fluid injection holes 7 at 120 degrees along the longitudinal direction, and the high-pressure fluid injection holes are arranged in a through length mode, so that sensitivity to the incoming flow direction is avoided, and the whole system can realize automatic early warning control.
Claims (2)
1. A deep sea riser initiative vibration suppression control system based on an automatic early warning mechanism is characterized in that: the control system mainly comprises three parts of a deep sea riser vibration data acquisition device, a control computer and a water jet type active vibration suppression device; the deep sea riser vibration data acquisition device comprises an FBG strain sensor, a pressure sensor and a fiber grating demodulator; the control computer comprises a data monitoring system and a signal feedback system; the jet type active vibration suppression device comprises a high-pressure open pipe, a high-pressure flow transmission pipe, a high-strength connecting device, a high-pressure water pump, a control valve and a variable-pressure valve; the high-pressure open-pore pipe is a main component part of the active vibration suppression device, and is connected with the high-pressure water pump through a high-strength connecting piece and is arranged right behind the deep sea vertical pipe; the high-pressure perforated pipe is longitudinally provided with 120-degree three-face holes, the holes are arranged in a through length mode, the size of each hole is 0.1D, the center distance of each hole is 1.1D, D is the diameter of the deep sea vertical pipe, the water injection holes of the high-pressure perforated pipe are used for injecting high-pressure water flow in three directions, the water flow injection can meet the omnidirectional requirement of incoming flow on the section, and the active vibration suppression effect is achieved.
2. The deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on an automatic early warning mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the system is characterized in that: the FBG strain sensor and the FBG pressure sensor act on the deep sea riser together to collect original spectrum signals of strain and pressure generated when the deep sea riser vibrates; the fiber bragg grating demodulator further processes the original vibration strain and pressure signals of the deep sea riser acquired by the FBG sensor in parallel; the computer signal feedback system transmits an early warning command to the control valve, the control valve automatically starts the high-pressure water pump, and conversely, the deep sea riser strain signal is lower than the early warning critical value, and the control valve automatically closes the high-pressure water pump; after the high-pressure water pump is started, the computer data monitoring system judges different vibration levels through the deep sea riser pressure signals, the computer signal feedback system further transmits instructions to the variable pressure valve, the computer monitoring system is written with a strain early warning program for starting the high-pressure water pump and a pressure early warning program for starting the high-pressure water pump at different vibration levels of the riser, the output power of the high-pressure water pump is regulated and controlled in real time, so that the fluid pressure ejected from the high-pressure open-pore pipe under different-level vibration is changed in real time, and the active vibration suppression effect is maximized.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911010403.3A CN112696401B (en) | 2019-10-23 | 2019-10-23 | Automatic early warning mechanism-based active vibration suppression control system for deep sea risers |
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| CN201911010403.3A CN112696401B (en) | 2019-10-23 | 2019-10-23 | Automatic early warning mechanism-based active vibration suppression control system for deep sea risers |
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| CN112696401A CN112696401A (en) | 2021-04-23 |
| CN112696401B true CN112696401B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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