CN112694374A - Short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112694374A CN112694374A CN202011354917.3A CN202011354917A CN112694374A CN 112694374 A CN112694374 A CN 112694374A CN 202011354917 A CN202011354917 A CN 202011354917A CN 112694374 A CN112694374 A CN 112694374A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/18—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component
- C06B45/36—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing both an organic explosive or thermic component and an inorganic explosive or thermic component
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/0041—Shaping the mixture by compression
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0083—Treatment of solid structures, e.g. for coating or impregnating with a modifier
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
Abstract
The invention provides a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, and relates to the technical field of energetic materials. The short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material comprises a grain body, wherein a first Kevlar layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the grain body, a second Kevlar layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the first Kevlar layer, the mechanical property of the material is enhanced by winding Kevlar fibers, the original performance of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material cannot be influenced, and the practical value is high. In addition, the invention also provides a preparation process of the short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, and the preparation process has the advantages of simple process flow, easy production and high practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energetic materials, in particular to a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material can generate a strong deflagration reaction and release a large amount of chemical energy under the action of impact load/thermal load, the traditional aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene energetic material has strong capability of releasing chemical energy and smaller density, but the mechanical property is not enough, and the compressive strength obtained by the traditional aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene material under the Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experiment is generally lower than 100MPa, so that the practical requirement is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, which is high in practical value and can enhance the mechanical property by winding Kevlar fibers without influencing the original performance of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation process of the short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, which has the advantages of simple process flow, easy production and high practical value.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
On one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material which comprises a grain body, wherein a first Kevlar layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the grain body, and a second Kevlar layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the first Kevlar layer.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation process of a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the medicinal powder: cutting the zirconium wire and the Kevlar wire into wire sections with the diameter of 2-5mm, and then putting the wire sections together with aluminum powder, polytetrafluoroethylene powder and tungsten powder into a mixer for mixing to obtain mixed powder;
first-stage pressing of the explosive column: putting the mixed medicinal powder into a primary mould, then putting the primary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, and demoulding after pressing to obtain a primary medicine column;
and (3) secondary pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the primary powder column to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the primary powder column to form a first Kevlar wire layer, then putting the primary powder column into a secondary mould, filling the gap with the mixed powder, then putting the secondary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, and demoulding after pressing to obtain a secondary powder column;
three-stage pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the secondary powder column to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the secondary powder column to form a second Kevlar wire layer, then putting the secondary powder column into a tertiary mould, filling the gap with the mixed powder, then putting the tertiary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, and demoulding after pressing to obtain a tertiary powder column;
sintering the grain: and (3) putting the three-stage grain into a tubular muffle furnace, heating for sintering, and cooling after sintering to obtain a finished product.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
aiming at the first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material which comprises a charge column body, wherein a first Kevlar layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the charge column body, and a second Kevlar layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the first Kevlar layer.
In the embodiment, the first Kevlar layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the grain body, and the second Kevlar layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the first Kevlar layer, so that radial constraint can be provided for the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, the overall mechanical property of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material is improved, the original characteristics of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material cannot be influenced, and the practical value of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material is improved.
In view of the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a preparation process of a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, including the following steps: mixing medicinal powder, first-stage pressing of the medicinal column, second-stage pressing of the medicinal column, third-stage pressing of the medicinal column, and sintering of the medicinal column.
In the embodiment, firstly, the mixed powder is prepared through the powder mixing step, the zirconium wire and the Kevlar wire are cut into wire sections of 2-5mm, so that the zirconium wire and the Kevlar wire are combined with other raw materials more closely, the mechanical property of the product is improved, then the zirconium wire and the Kevlar wire are put into a mixer together with aluminum powder, polytetrafluoroethylene powder and tungsten powder for mixing, and the dynamic compression strength and other mechanical properties of the product are improved by adding the tungsten powder, so that the practical value of the product is further improved; then the mixed powder is placed into a first-stage die through the first-stage pressing step of the powder column, then the first-stage die is placed into a powder pressing machine for pressing, and aluminum powder, polytetrafluoroethylene powder, tungsten powder, cut zirconium wires and Kevlar wire drawing are pressed and combined together, so that the components are matched with each other and synergized, the mechanical property of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material is improved, and the practical value of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material is improved; the method comprises the following steps of tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of a primary explosive column through the secondary explosive column pressing step, so that the Kevlar wire completely covers the side wall of the primary explosive column to form a first Kevlar wire layer, thereby providing radial restraint for the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material to improve the overall mechanical property of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, not influencing the original characteristics of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, and being beneficial to improving the practical value of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material; tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the secondary grain through the three-stage pressing step of the grain, so that the Kevlar wire completely wraps the side wall of the secondary grain to form a second Kevlar wire layer, which is beneficial to further providing radial constraint for the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material so as to further improve the overall mechanical property of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, filling the gap with the mixed powder, and then putting a three-stage die into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, so that the grain and the Kevlar wire are further tightly combined together, the mechanical property of a product is further improved, and the practical value of the product is further improved; and finally, the three-level grain is placed into a tubular muffle furnace through the grain sintering step, the temperature is raised for sintering, and all components are fully sintered together under a high-temperature condition, so that the mechanical property of the product is better improved, the quality of the product is improved, and the practical value of the product is improved. The whole preparation process is simple in flow, easy to produce and high in practical value of the produced product.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of detection of short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material provided in example 6 of the experimental examples of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of detection of a conventional Al/PTFE active material in the test examples of the present invention.
Icon: 1-a grain body; 2-a first kevlar layer; 3-second Kevlar layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
The embodiment of the invention provides a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material which comprises a grain body 1, wherein a first Kevlar layer 2 is arranged on the outer side wall of the grain body 1, and a second Kevlar layer 3 is arranged on the outer side wall of the first Kevlar layer 2.
In the above embodiment, by providing the first kevlar layer 2 on the outer side wall of the grain body 1 and the second kevlar layer 3 on the outer side wall of the first kevlar layer 2, it is possible to provide radial restraint to the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material to improve the overall mechanical properties thereof, without affecting the original properties of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, which is advantageous for improving the practical value thereof.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the charge body 1 comprises the following components: aluminum powder, polytetrafluoroethylene powder, tungsten powder, zirconium wire and Kevlar wire.
In the above embodiment, by adding tungsten powder, zirconium wire and kevlar drawing wire to the grain body 1 of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, the mechanical properties such as the compressive strength of the material can be improved, the original characteristics of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material are not affected, and the practical value of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material is improved.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the aluminum powder has a particle size of 3 to 10 μm, the polytetrafluoroethylene powder has a particle size of 30 to 40 μm, the tungsten powder has a particle size of 95 to 110 μm, the zirconium wire has a diameter of 0.05 to 0.2mm, and the Kevlar wire has a diameter of 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
In the embodiment, the particle sizes of the aluminum powder, the polytetrafluoroethylene powder and the tungsten powder and the diameters of the zirconium wire and the Kevlar wire are controlled, so that the components can be more tightly pressed and combined together in the subsequent pressing process, the mechanical property of the product is further improved, the quality of the product is improved, and the practical value of the product is improved; and the phenomenon that the performance of the product is influenced by gaps generated in the pressing and combining process of each component due to improper particle size or diameter of the raw materials can also be avoided.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the charge body 1 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of aluminum powder, 10-30 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder, 60-80 parts of tungsten powder, 0.3-1 part of zirconium wire and 2-3 parts of Kevlar wire.
In the embodiment, the components are pressed and combined more tightly in the subsequent pressing process by controlling the weight parts of the components, so that the components are matched with each other and have synergistic interaction, the mechanical property of the product is further improved, and the practical value of the product is improved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation process of the short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the medicinal powder: cutting the zirconium wire and the Kevlar wire into wire sections with the diameter of 2-5mm, and then putting the wire sections together with aluminum powder, polytetrafluoroethylene powder, tungsten powder and zirconium wire into a mixer for mixing to obtain mixed powder;
first-stage pressing of the explosive column: putting the mixed medicinal powder into a primary mould, then putting the primary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, and demoulding after pressing to obtain a primary medicine column;
and (3) secondary pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the primary powder column to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the primary powder column to form a first Kevlar wire layer 2, then putting the primary powder column into a secondary mould, filling the gap with the mixed powder, then putting the secondary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, and demoulding after pressing to obtain a secondary powder column;
three-stage pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the secondary powder column to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the secondary powder column to form a second Kevlar wire layer 3, then putting the secondary powder column into a tertiary mould, filling the gap with the mixed powder, then putting the tertiary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, and demoulding after pressing to obtain a tertiary powder column;
sintering the grain: and (3) putting the three-stage grain into a tubular muffle furnace, heating for sintering, and cooling after sintering to obtain a finished product.
In the embodiment, firstly, the mixed powder is prepared through the powder mixing step, the zirconium wire and the Kevlar wire are cut into wire sections of 2-5mm, so that the zirconium wire and the Kevlar wire are combined with other raw materials more closely, the mechanical property of the product is improved, then the zirconium wire and the Kevlar wire are put into a mixer together with aluminum powder, polytetrafluoroethylene powder and tungsten powder for mixing, and the dynamic compression strength and other mechanical properties of the product are improved by adding the tungsten powder, so that the practical value of the product is further improved; then the mixed powder is placed into a first-stage die through the first-stage pressing step of the powder column, then the first-stage die is placed into a powder pressing machine for pressing, and aluminum powder, polytetrafluoroethylene powder, tungsten powder, cut zirconium wires and Kevlar wire drawing are pressed and combined together, so that the components are matched with each other and synergized, the mechanical property of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material is improved, and the practical value of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material is improved; tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the primary grain through the secondary pressing step of the grain, so that the Kevlar wire completely covers the side wall of the primary grain to form a first Kevlar wire layer 2, thereby providing radial constraint for the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material to improve the overall mechanical property of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, not influencing the original characteristics of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material and being beneficial to improving the practical value of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material; tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the secondary grain through the three-stage pressing step of the grain, so that the Kevlar wire completely wraps the side wall of the secondary grain to form a second Kevlar wire layer 3, which is beneficial to further providing radial constraint for an aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material so as to further improve the overall mechanical property of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, filling the gap with the mixed powder, and then putting a three-stage die into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, so that the grain and the Kevlar wire are further tightly combined together, the mechanical property of a product is further improved, and the practical value of the product is further improved; and finally, the three-level grain is placed into a tubular muffle furnace through the grain sintering step, the temperature is raised for sintering, and all components are fully sintered together under a high-temperature condition, so that the mechanical property of the product is better improved, the quality of the product is improved, and the practical value of the product is improved. The whole preparation process is simple in flow, easy to produce and high in practical value of the produced product.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the inner diameter of the primary mold is 3-8mm, the inner diameter of the secondary mold is at least 1mm larger than the inner diameter of the primary mold, and the inner diameter of the tertiary mold is at least 1mm larger than the inner diameter of the secondary mold.
In the above embodiment, through controlling the internal diameter of the moulds at all levels, the method is favorable for better pressing the explosive column, avoids the damage to the explosive column caused by improper mould size when the explosive column wound with Kevlar wire drawing is pressed, is favorable for improving the quality of a product, and improves the practical value of the product.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, in the primary pressing process of the grain, the pressure increasing machine increases the pressure to 100MPa at a pressure increasing rate of 30-60MPa/min, increases the pressure to 200MPa at a pressure increasing rate of 20-40MPa/min, maintains the pressure for 1min, and retreats the die after the pressing is completed to obtain the primary grain.
In the embodiment, when the powder is pressed by a medicine pressing machine, the pressure is increased to 100MPa at the pressure increasing rate of 30-60MPa/min, the mixed powder is preliminarily pressed, then the pressure is increased to 200MPa at the pressure increasing rate of 20-40MPa/min, the pressure is maintained for 1min, further pressing is carried out, the material can be protected from being damaged due to too high pressure increasing rate or too high pressure in the pressing process by controlling the pressure increasing rate and the pressing pressure and adopting the step pressing, and meanwhile, the components can be well pressed and combined together tightly, so that the mechanical property of the product is favorably further improved, and the practical value of the product is improved.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, in the secondary pressing process of the grain, the pressing machine is first pressurized to 100MPa at a pressurization rate of 30-60MPa/min, then pressurized to 200MPa at a pressurization rate of 20-40MPa/min, and then kept for 1min, and the grain is removed after pressing to obtain the secondary grain.
In the embodiment, when the medicine pressing machine is used for pressing, the pressurization speed of 30-60MPa/min is firstly increased to 100MPa for preliminary pressing, the pressurization speed of 20-40MPa/min is then increased to 200MPa, the pressure is maintained for 1min, further pressing is carried out, the pressurization speed and the pressing pressure are controlled, and grading pressing is adopted, so that the material can be protected from being damaged due to too high pressurization speed or too high pressure in the pressing process, and meanwhile, the components can be well pressed and combined together tightly, the mechanical property of the product can be further improved, and the practical value of the product is improved.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, in the three-stage pressing process of the grain, the pressure of the pressing machine is increased to 500MPa at a pressure increasing rate of 500MPa/min when pressing, the pressure is maintained for 1min, and the three-stage grain is obtained after the pressing is completed and the mold is removed.
In the above embodiment, by controlling the pressurization rate and the pressing pressure, the material can be protected from being damaged due to too fast pressurization rate or too large pressure in the pressing process, and meanwhile, the components can be well pressed and combined together, so that the mechanical property of the product can be further improved, and the practical value of the product can be improved.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, in the sintering process of the grain, the muffle furnace is first heated to 325 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-3 ℃/min, then heated to 375 ℃ at a heating rate of 0.5-2 ℃/min, and kept for 30min, then cooled to 325 ℃ at a cooling rate of 4-6 ℃/min, then cooled to 100 ℃ at a cooling rate of 0.5-2 ℃/min, and taken out of the tubular muffle furnace, and naturally cooled to room temperature, so as to obtain the finished product.
In the embodiment, the muffle furnace is heated to 325 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-3 ℃/min for preliminary sintering, then heated to 375 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.5-2 ℃/min, and is kept warm for 30min for further sintering, then cooled to 325 ℃ at the cooling rate of 4-6 ℃/min, and then cooled to 100 ℃ at the cooling rate of 0.5-2 ℃/min, and the temperature of the powder column is controlled to be increased to sintering temperature by adopting multi-stage heating and sintering, so that the damage to the structure of the powder column caused by the over-high heating rate or the over-high sintering temperature in the sintering process can be avoided, the product can be more stable after heating and sintering by controlling the cooling rate and adopting multi-stage cooling, the quality of the product can be further improved, and the mechanical property and the practical value of the product can be improved.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, which is prepared through the following steps:
mixing the medicinal powder: cutting a zirconium wire with the diameter of 0.05mm and a Kevlar wire with the diameter of 0.1mm into a wire section with the diameter of 2mm, taking 0.3g of the cut zirconium wire and 2g of the cut Kevlar wire, and then putting 5g of aluminum powder with the particle size of 3 mu m, 10g of polytetrafluoroethylene powder with the particle size of 30 mu m and 60g of tungsten powder with the particle size of 95 mu m into a mixer for mixing to obtain mixed powder;
first-stage pressing of the explosive column: putting the mixed medicinal powder into a primary mould with the inner diameter of 3mm, then putting the primary mould into a medicine pressing machine, pressurizing to 100MPa at a pressurizing rate of 30MPa/min, pressurizing to 200MPa at a pressurizing rate of 20MPa/min, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing to obtain a primary medicine column;
and (3) secondary pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the primary powder column to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the primary powder column to form a first Kevlar wire layer 2, then placing the primary powder column into a secondary mould, wherein the inner diameter of the secondary mould is 1mm larger than that of the primary mould, filling the gap with the mixed powder, then placing the secondary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, pressurizing to 100MPa at a pressurizing rate of 30MPa/min, pressurizing to 200MPa at a pressurizing rate of 20MPa/min, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing is finished to obtain the secondary powder column;
three-stage pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the secondary grain to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the secondary grain to form a second Kevlar wire layer 3, then putting the secondary grain into a tertiary mould, wherein the inner diameter of the tertiary mould is 1mm larger than that of the secondary mould, filling the gap with the mixed medicinal powder, then putting the tertiary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, pressurizing to 500MPa at a pressurizing rate of 100MPa/min when pressing, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing is finished to obtain the tertiary grain;
sintering the grain: and (3) putting the three-stage grain into a tubular muffle furnace, heating to 325 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, heating to 375 ℃ at a heating rate of 0.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, cooling to 325 ℃ at a cooling rate of 4 ℃/min, cooling to 100 ℃ at a cooling rate of 0.5 ℃/min, taking out from the tubular muffle furnace, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a finished product.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, which is prepared through the following steps:
mixing the medicinal powder: cutting a zirconium wire with the diameter of 0.2mm and a Kevlar wire with the diameter of 0.3mm into 5mm wire sections, taking 1g of the cut zirconium wire and 3g of the cut Kevlar wire, and then putting the cut zirconium wire, the cut Kevlar wire, 10g of aluminum powder with the particle size of 10 mu m, 30g of polytetrafluoroethylene powder with the particle size of 40 mu m and 80g of tungsten powder with the particle size of 110 mu m into a mixer for mixing to obtain mixed powder;
first-stage pressing of the explosive column: putting the mixed medicinal powder into a primary mould with the inner diameter of 8mm, then putting the primary mould into a medicine pressing machine, pressurizing to 100MPa at a pressurizing rate of 60MPa/min, pressurizing to 200MPa at a pressurizing rate of 40MPa/min, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing to obtain a primary medicine column;
and (3) secondary pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the primary powder column to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the primary powder column to form a first Kevlar wire layer 2, then placing the primary powder column into a secondary mould, wherein the inner diameter of the secondary mould is 2mm larger than that of the primary mould, filling the gap with the mixed powder, then placing the secondary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, pressurizing to 100MPa at a pressurizing rate of 60MPa/min, pressurizing to 200MPa at a pressurizing rate of 40MPa/min, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing is finished to obtain the secondary powder column;
three-stage pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the secondary grain to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the secondary grain to form a second Kevlar wire layer 3, then putting the secondary grain into a tertiary mould, wherein the inner diameter of the tertiary mould is 2mm larger than that of the secondary mould, filling the gap with the mixed medicinal powder, then putting the tertiary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, pressurizing to 500MPa at a pressurizing rate of 500MPa/min when pressing, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing is finished to obtain the tertiary grain;
sintering the grain: and (3) putting the three-stage grain into a tubular muffle furnace, heating to 325 ℃ at a heating rate of 3 ℃/min, heating to 375 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, cooling to 325 ℃ at a cooling rate of 6 ℃/min, cooling to 100 ℃ at a cooling rate of 2 ℃/min, taking out from the tubular muffle furnace, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a finished product.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, which is prepared through the following steps:
mixing the medicinal powder: cutting a zirconium wire with the diameter of 1.2mm and a Kevlar wire with the diameter of 0.2mm into a wire section with the diameter of 3mm, taking 0.5g of the cut zirconium wire and 2.5g of the cut Kevlar wire, and then putting 8g of aluminum powder with the particle size of 7 mu m, 20g of polytetrafluoroethylene powder with the particle size of 35 mu m and 70g of tungsten powder with the particle size of 100 mu m into a mixer for mixing to obtain mixed powder;
first-stage pressing of the explosive column: putting the mixed medicinal powder into a primary mould with the inner diameter of 5mm, then putting the primary mould into a medicine pressing machine, pressurizing to 100MPa at a pressurizing rate of 45MPa/min, pressurizing to 200MPa at a pressurizing rate of 30MPa/min, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing to obtain a primary medicine column;
and (3) secondary pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the primary powder column to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the primary powder column to form a first Kevlar wire layer 2, then putting the primary powder column into a secondary mould, wherein the inner diameter of the secondary mould is 1.5mm larger than that of the primary mould, filling the gap with the mixed powder, then putting the secondary mould into a pressing machine for pressing, firstly increasing the pressure to 100MPa at a pressure increasing rate of 45MPa/min, then increasing the pressure to 200MPa at a pressure increasing rate of 30MPa/min, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demoulding after pressing to obtain a secondary powder column;
three-stage pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the secondary grain to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the secondary grain to form a second Kevlar wire layer 3, then putting the secondary grain into a tertiary mould, wherein the inner diameter of the tertiary mould is 1.5mm larger than that of the secondary mould, filling the gap with the mixed medicinal powder, then putting the tertiary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, pressurizing to 500MPa at a pressurizing rate of 300MPa/min when pressing by the medicine pressing machine, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing is finished to obtain the tertiary grain;
sintering the grain: and (3) putting the three-stage grain into a tubular muffle furnace, heating to 325 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min, heating to 375 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, cooling to 325 ℃ at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, cooling to 100 ℃ at a cooling rate of 1.5 ℃/min, taking out from the tubular muffle furnace, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a finished product.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, which is prepared through the following steps:
mixing the medicinal powder: cutting a zirconium wire with the diameter of 0.18mm and a Kevlar wire with the diameter of 0.25mm into 4mm wire sections, taking 0.8g of the cut zirconium wire and 2.5g of the cut Kevlar wire, and then putting 8g of aluminum powder with the particle size of 8 mu m, 25g of polytetrafluoroethylene powder with the particle size of 37 mu m and 75g of tungsten powder with the particle size of 105 mu m into a mixer for mixing to obtain mixed powder;
first-stage pressing of the explosive column: putting the mixed medicinal powder into a primary mould with the inner diameter of 7mm, then putting the primary mould into a medicine pressing machine, pressurizing to 100MPa at a pressurizing rate of 52MPa/min, pressurizing to 200MPa at a pressurizing rate of 35MPa/min, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing to obtain a primary medicine column;
and (3) secondary pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the primary powder column to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the primary powder column to form a first Kevlar wire layer 2, then placing the primary powder column into a secondary mould, wherein the inner diameter of the secondary mould is 2mm larger than that of the primary mould, filling the gap with the mixed powder, then placing the secondary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, pressurizing to 100MPa at a pressurizing rate of 55MPa/min, pressurizing to 200MPa at a pressurizing rate of 35MPa/min, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing is finished to obtain the secondary powder column;
three-stage pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the secondary grain to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the secondary grain to form a second Kevlar wire layer 3, then putting the secondary grain into a tertiary mould, wherein the inner diameter of the tertiary mould is 2mm larger than that of the secondary mould, filling the gap with the mixed medicinal powder, then putting the tertiary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, pressurizing to 500MPa at a pressurizing rate of 400MPa/min when pressing, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing is finished to obtain the tertiary grain;
sintering the grain: and (3) putting the three-stage grain into a tubular muffle furnace, heating to 325 ℃ at a heating rate of 2.5 ℃/min, heating to 375 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, cooling to 325 ℃ at a cooling rate of 5.5 ℃/min, cooling to 100 ℃ at a cooling rate of 1.5 ℃/min, taking out from the tubular muffle furnace, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a finished product.
Example 5
The present embodiment provides a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, which is prepared through the following steps:
mixing the medicinal powder: cutting a zirconium wire with the diameter of 0.1mm and a Kevlar wire with the diameter of 0.2mm into a wire section with the diameter of 3mm, taking 0.4g of the cut zirconium wire and 2.6g of the cut Kevlar wire, and then putting 7g of aluminum powder with the particle size of 5 mu m, 20g of polytetrafluoroethylene powder with the particle size of 34 mu m and 70g of tungsten powder with the particle size of 100 mu m into a mixer for mixing to obtain mixed powder;
first-stage pressing of the explosive column: putting the mixed medicinal powder into a primary mould with the inner diameter of 5mm, then putting the primary mould into a medicine pressing machine, pressurizing to 100MPa at a pressurizing rate of 50MPa/min, pressurizing to 200MPa at a pressurizing rate of 30MPa/min, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing to obtain a primary medicine column;
and (3) secondary pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the primary powder column to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the primary powder column to form a first Kevlar wire layer 2, then placing the primary powder column into a secondary mould, wherein the inner diameter of the secondary mould is 9mm larger than that of the primary mould, filling the gap with the mixed powder, then placing the secondary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, pressurizing to 100MPa at a pressurizing rate of 50MPa/min, pressurizing to 200MPa at a pressurizing rate of 30MPa/min, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing is finished to obtain the secondary powder column;
three-stage pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the secondary grain to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the secondary grain to form a second Kevlar wire layer 3, then putting the secondary grain into a tertiary mould, wherein the inner diameter of the tertiary mould is 1.5mm larger than that of the secondary mould, filling the gap with the mixed medicinal powder, then putting the tertiary mould into a pressing machine for pressing, pressurizing to 500MPa at a pressurizing rate of 350MPa/min when pressing by the pressing machine, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing is finished to obtain the tertiary grain;
sintering the grain: and (3) putting the three-stage grain into a tubular muffle furnace, heating to 325 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.5 ℃/min, heating to 375 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, cooling to 325 ℃ at a cooling rate of 5.5 ℃/min, cooling to 100 ℃ at a cooling rate of 0.8 ℃/min, taking out from the tubular muffle furnace, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a finished product.
Test examples
A hopkinson loading system is adopted to perform a compression experiment on the short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material provided by embodiment 5 of the invention, the loading speed is 14.8m/s, the measured dynamic compression strength is 25.17MPa, and the obtained result is shown in fig. 2, and the dynamic compression strength is 150 MPa.
A Hopkinson loading system is adopted to carry out a compression experiment on a traditional aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, the loading speed is 14.8m/s, the measured dynamic compression strength is 25.17MPa, and the obtained result is shown in figure 3, wherein the dynamic compression strength is 25.17 MPa.
According to experimental results, the dynamic compression strength of the short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material provided by the embodiment 5 of the invention is far greater than that of the traditional aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, and the performance is excellent.
In summary, according to the short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material and the preparation process thereof provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the first kevlar layer is disposed on the outer sidewall of the grain body, and the second kevlar layer is disposed on the outer sidewall of the first kevlar layer, so that radial constraint can be provided for the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, thereby improving the overall mechanical property of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, and the original characteristics of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material are not affected, which is beneficial to improving the practical value thereof. The preparation process comprises the steps of firstly preparing mixed powder through the powder mixing step, cutting the zirconium wire and the Kevlar wire into wire sections of 2-5mm, so that the zirconium wire and the Kevlar wire are combined with other raw materials more tightly, the mechanical property of a product is improved, then the zirconium wire and the Kevlar wire are put into a mixer together with aluminum powder, polytetrafluoroethylene powder and tungsten powder for mixing, and the dynamic compression strength and other mechanical properties of the product are improved by adding the tungsten powder, so that the practical value of the product is further improved; then the mixed powder is placed into a first-stage die through the first-stage pressing step of the powder column, then the first-stage die is placed into a powder pressing machine for pressing, and aluminum powder, polytetrafluoroethylene powder, tungsten powder, cut zirconium wires and Kevlar wire drawing are pressed and combined together, so that the components are matched with each other and synergized, the mechanical property of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material is improved, and the practical value of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material is improved; the method comprises the following steps of tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of a primary explosive column through the secondary explosive column pressing step, so that the Kevlar wire completely covers the side wall of the primary explosive column to form a first Kevlar wire layer, thereby providing radial restraint for the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material to improve the overall mechanical property of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, not influencing the original characteristics of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, and being beneficial to improving the practical value of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material; tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the secondary grain through the three-stage pressing step of the grain, so that the Kevlar wire completely wraps the side wall of the secondary grain to form a second Kevlar wire layer, which is beneficial to further providing radial constraint for the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material so as to further improve the overall mechanical property of the aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, filling the gap with the mixed powder, and then putting a three-stage die into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, so that the grain and the Kevlar wire are further tightly combined together, the mechanical property of a product is further improved, and the practical value of the product is further improved; and finally, the three-level grain is placed into a tubular muffle furnace through the grain sintering step, the temperature is raised for sintering, and all components are fully sintered together under a high-temperature condition, so that the mechanical property of the product is better improved, the quality of the product is improved, and the practical value of the product is improved. The whole preparation process is simple in flow, easy to produce and high in practical value of the produced product.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material is characterized by comprising a grain body, wherein a first Kevlar layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the grain body, and a second Kevlar layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the first Kevlar layer.
2. The short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material as set forth in claim 1, wherein said charge body comprises the following components: aluminum powder, polytetrafluoroethylene powder, tungsten powder, zirconium wire and Kevlar wire.
3. The short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material according to claim 2, wherein: the particle size of the aluminum powder is 3-10 mu m, the particle size of the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is 30-40 mu m, the particle size of the tungsten powder is 95-110 mu m, the diameter of the zirconium wire is 0.05-0.2mm, and the diameter of the Kevlar wire is 0.1-0.3 mm.
4. The short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the charge body comprises the following components in parts by weight: the aluminum powder is 5-10 parts by weight, the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is 10-30 parts by weight, the tungsten powder is 60-80 parts by weight, the zirconium wire is 0.3-1 part by weight, and the Kevlar wire is 2-3 parts by weight.
5. A process for preparing a short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material, characterized in that it is prepared as described in any one of claims 2 to 4, comprising the steps of:
mixing the medicinal powder: cutting the zirconium wire and the Kevlar wire into wire sections with the diameter of 2-5mm, and then putting the wire sections together with aluminum powder, polytetrafluoroethylene powder and tungsten powder into a mixer for mixing to obtain mixed powder;
first-stage pressing of the explosive column: putting the mixed medicinal powder into a primary mould, then putting the primary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, and demoulding after pressing to obtain a primary medicine column;
and (3) secondary pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the primary explosive column to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the primary explosive column to form a first Kevlar wire layer, then putting the primary explosive column into a secondary mould, filling a gap with the mixed powder, then putting the secondary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, and demoulding after pressing to obtain a secondary explosive column;
three-stage pressing of the explosive column: tightly winding a layer of Kevlar wire on the side wall of the secondary powder column to enable the Kevlar wire to completely wrap the side wall of the secondary powder column to form a second Kevlar wire layer, then putting the secondary powder column into a tertiary mould, filling a gap with the mixed powder, then putting the tertiary mould into a medicine pressing machine for pressing, and demoulding after pressing is finished to obtain a tertiary powder column;
sintering the grain: and putting the three-stage grain into a tubular muffle furnace, heating for sintering, and cooling after sintering to obtain a finished product.
6. The process of claim 5, wherein the primary mold has an inner diameter of 3-8mm, the secondary mold has an inner diameter at least 1mm larger than the primary mold, and the tertiary mold has an inner diameter at least 1mm larger than the secondary mold.
7. The process for preparing short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material according to claim 5, wherein in the first-stage compression of the charge, a pressurization machine is used for pressurizing to 100MPa at a pressurization rate of 30-60MPa/min, then pressurizing to 200MPa at a pressurization rate of 20-40MPa/min, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and demolding after compression to obtain the first-stage charge.
8. The process for preparing short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material according to claim 5, wherein in the secondary pressing process of the grain, a pressing machine is used for pressurizing to 100MPa at a pressurizing rate of 30-60MPa/min, then pressurizing to 200MPa at a pressurizing rate of 20-40MPa/min, keeping the pressure for 1min, and demolding after pressing to obtain the secondary grain.
9. The preparation process of the short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material according to claim 5, wherein in the three-stage pressing process of the grain, a pressing machine is used for pressurizing to 500MPa at a pressurizing rate of 100-500MPa/min during pressing, the pressure is maintained for 1min, and the three-stage grain is obtained after demolding after pressing is completed.
10. The preparation process of the short fiber reinforced aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene active material according to claim 5, characterized in that in the sintering process of the grain, the muffle furnace is heated to 325 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-3 ℃/min, then heated to 375 ℃ at a heating rate of 0.5-2 ℃/min, and then is kept for 30min, and then cooled to 325 ℃ at a cooling rate of 4-6 ℃/min, and then cooled to 100 ℃ at a cooling rate of 0.5-2 ℃/min, and then taken out of the tubular muffle furnace and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a finished product.
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