CN112693412B - Power distribution system of automobile and automobile - Google Patents
Power distribution system of automobile and automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN112693412B CN112693412B CN202011551543.4A CN202011551543A CN112693412B CN 112693412 B CN112693412 B CN 112693412B CN 202011551543 A CN202011551543 A CN 202011551543A CN 112693412 B CN112693412 B CN 112693412B
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- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011418 maintenance treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
- B60R16/0239—Electronic boxes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Control Of Charge By Means Of Generators (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a power distribution system and car of car belongs to the car power field. The power distribution system includes: the first storage battery, the first total fuse box, the second storage battery and the second total fuse box are arranged in the engine compartment. The engine compartment electrical apparatus box includes: the charging circuit comprises a first input end, a second input end, a one-way charging limiter, a first power supply circuit, a power supply changeover switch and a second power supply circuit. When the first storage battery works normally, the loads in the corresponding first load set can be supplied with power through the first total fuse box and the first power supply circuit. When the power supply circuit corresponding to the first storage battery breaks down, the power supply change-over switch is closed, and the second storage battery can supply power for the loads in the corresponding second load set through the second total fuse box, the one-way charging limiter and the second power supply circuit, so that the automobile can continue to run normally, and the driving safety is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of automobile power supplies, in particular to a power distribution system of an automobile and the automobile.
Background
The automobile power distribution system is mainly used for distributing the power of the load of the whole automobile in the using process of the automobile. Along with the continuous improvement of the requirements of people on the safety degree and the comfort degree of the vehicle, the load of the whole vehicle is also continuously increased. Therefore, reasonable power distribution of the automobile is the basis for ensuring safe and reliable operation of all loads of the whole automobile.
In the related art, an automotive power distribution system includes a battery, a front compartment electrical box, and an indoor electrical box. The input end of the front cabin electrical box and the input end of the indoor electrical box are respectively connected with the first output end and the second output end of the anode of the storage battery; the output end of the front cabin electrical box and the output end of the indoor electrical box are respectively connected with the loads of the front cabin area and the indoor area. The current can flow into the front cabin electrical box and the indoor electrical box from the storage battery respectively and then flows into a plurality of loads correspondingly connected with the front cabin electrical box and the indoor electrical box, so that the power distribution of the whole vehicle is realized.
In implementing the present disclosure, the inventors found that the related art has at least the following problems:
all loads of the automobile are subjected to power distribution through the front cabin electrical box and the indoor electrical box, and when a power supply circuit corresponding to the front cabin electrical box and the indoor electrical box breaks down, for example, when an input end circuit of the front cabin electrical box is broken, all the loads connected with an output end of the front cabin electrical box cannot operate. For the emergency of sudden failure of the driving, the failure cannot be processed in time, and the safety is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a power distribution system of an automobile and the automobile, so that the automobile can still normally run when a sudden failure occurs, and the driving safety is improved. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, there is provided a power distribution system of an automobile, the power distribution system including: the first storage battery, the first total fuse box, the second storage battery, the second total fuse box and the engine compartment electric appliance box.
The input end of the first total fuse box is connected with the positive electrode of the first storage battery.
And the input end of the second total fuse box is connected with the anode of the second storage battery.
The engine compartment electric box comprises a first input end, a second input end, a one-way charging limiter, a first power supply circuit, a power supply change-over switch and a second power supply circuit, wherein the first input end is connected with the output end of the first total fuse box, the input end of the one-way charging limiter and the input end of the first power supply circuit are connected with the first input end, the output end of the first power supply circuit is used for being connected with a load in a first load set of the automobile, the second input end is connected with the output end of the second total fuse box, the output end of the one-way charging limiter and one end of the power supply change-over switch are connected with the second input end, the other end of the power supply change-over switch is connected with the input end of the second power supply circuit, and the output end of the second power supply circuit is used for being connected with a load in a second load set of the automobile, the second set of loads is a subset of the first set of loads.
Optionally, the second load set includes at least one first-class load and at least one second-class load, the second power supply circuit includes a first sub power supply circuit and a second sub power supply circuit connected in parallel, the first sub power supply circuit includes a fuse connected in series between each first-class load and the power supply changeover switch, and the second sub power supply circuit includes a fuse and a drive switch connected in series between each second-class load and the power supply changeover switch.
Optionally, the output end of the first total fuse box is further used for being connected with a generator of the automobile, and the output end of the second total fuse box is further used for being connected with a starter of the automobile.
Optionally, the output end of the first total fuse box is further configured to be connected to loads in a third load set, the output end of the second total fuse box is further configured to be connected to loads in a fourth load set, and the set of the third load set and the fourth load set includes an active electric power steering gear, a cooling fan, an electromechanical brake booster, and a backup electric power steering gear.
Optionally, the third load set comprises an active electric power steering and a cooling fan, and the fourth load set comprises a backup electric power steering and an electromechanical brake booster.
Optionally, the power distribution system further includes at least one extension electrical box, an input end of the extension electrical box is connected to an output end of the first total fuse box, an output end of the extension electrical box is used for being connected to a load in a fifth load set, and the extension electrical box is arranged near the connected load.
Optionally, the electrical extension box comprises: the input end of the front windshield electric heating electric box is directly connected with the output end of the first total fuse box, and the input end of the headlamp electric box is connected with the output end of the engine compartment electric box so as to be connected with the output end of the first total fuse box through the engine compartment electric box.
Optionally, the power distribution system further includes an indoor electrical box, and an input end of the indoor electrical box is connected to an output end of the first total fuse box; the extension electrical apparatus box includes back illuminator electrical apparatus box and door module electrical apparatus box, the input of back illuminator electrical apparatus box with the input of door module electrical apparatus box respectively with the output of indoor electrical apparatus box is connected, in order to pass through indoor electrical apparatus box with the output of first total fuse box is connected.
Optionally, the power distribution system further includes an instrument electrical box, and an input end of the instrument electrical box is connected to an output end of the first total fuse box; the expansion electrical box comprises an air conditioner electric heating electrical box, wherein the input end of the air conditioner electric heating electrical box is connected with the output end of the instrument electrical box so as to be connected with the output end of the first total fuse box through the instrument electrical box.
In another aspect, there is provided an automobile including the power distribution system of the automobile of any one of the foregoing.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following beneficial effects:
when the first storage battery works normally, the loads in the first load set corresponding to the first power supply circuit in the engine compartment electrical box can be supplied with power through the first total fuse box. When the power supply circuit corresponding to the first storage battery breaks down to cause the automobile to be incapable of normally running, the power supply change-over switch is turned off, and the second storage battery can supply power for loads influencing the normal running of the automobile in the second load set through the second power supply circuit in the second total fuse box and the engine compartment electric appliance box, so that the automobile can continuously run for a period of time. When the automobile is in an emergency, the driver has enough time to drive the automobile with the fault to a safe area and send the automobile to the maintenance treatment in time, so that the safety and the reliability of the automobile are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution system of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another power distribution system for an automobile according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a first power supply circuit and a second power supply circuit provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit structure diagram in a first total fuse box according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram in a second total fuse box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a power distribution system for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is used for distributing power to loads in an engine compartment area when a vehicle generator 21 is not working properly. Referring to fig. 1, the power distribution system includes: the system comprises a first storage battery 11, a second storage battery 12, a first total fuse box 13, a second total fuse box 14, an electric box 15 in an engine compartment, a first load set 16 and a second load set 17. The engine compartment electrical box 15 includes a first input terminal 15a, a second input terminal 15b, a unidirectional charging limiter 151, a first power supply circuit 152, a power switch 153, and a second power supply circuit 154.
The input end of the first main fuse box 13 is connected with the positive pole of the first storage battery 11; the input of the second main fuse box 14 is connected to the positive pole of the second battery 12.
The first input terminal 15a of the engine compartment electrical box 15 is connected to the output terminal of the first main fuse box 13, the input terminal of the unidirectional charging limiter 151 and the input terminal of the first power supply circuit 152 are connected to the first input terminal 15a of the engine compartment electrical box 15, and the output terminal of the first power supply circuit 152 is connected to the loads in the first load set 16 of the vehicle.
The second input terminal 15b of the engine compartment electrical box 15 is connected to the output terminal of the second main fuse box 14, the output terminal of the unidirectional charging limiter 151 and one end of the power switch 153 are connected to the second input terminal 15b of the engine compartment electrical box 15, the other end of the power switch 153 is connected to the input terminal of the second power supply circuit 154, and the output terminal of the second power supply circuit 154 is connected to the loads in the second load set 17.
Wherein the second load set 17 is a subset of the first load set 16. That is, the loads in the second load set 17 are part of the loads in the first load set 16.
Optionally, the first battery 11 and the second battery 12 are located beside the engine in the engine compartment of the vehicle head. Optionally, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first battery 11 and the second battery 12 are of the same type and performance parameters, and are used for supplying power to the load of the entire vehicle when the generator 21 of the vehicle is not in operation. Optionally, the types of the first storage battery 11 and the second storage battery 12 are one of a lead-acid battery, a lithium ion battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, a lithium polymer battery, and a nickel cadmium battery. Illustratively, the first storage battery 11 and the second storage battery 12 are both 12V batteries.
Optionally, the first total fuse box 13 and the second total fuse box 14 are respectively fixed at the positive pole stub of the first battery 11 and the positive pole stub of the second battery 12, and an input end of the first total fuse box 13 and an input end of the second total fuse box 14 are respectively and tightly connected with the positive pole stub of the first battery 11 and the positive pole stub of the second battery 12 through nuts. Optionally, the first main fuse box 13 and the second main fuse box 14 include a plurality of sub power supply circuits connected in parallel, each sub power supply circuit is provided with a fuse, and when the current in the sub power supply circuit exceeds the rated current of the corresponding fuse, the fuse is fused, so as to protect the correspondingly connected loads. Optionally, the engine compartment electrical box 15 is located in front of the left wheel cover in the engine compartment of the entire vehicle. The first input end 15a of the engine compartment electrical box 15 and the second input end 15b of the engine compartment electrical box 151 are respectively connected with the output end of the first main fuse box 13 and the output end of the second main fuse box 14 through nuts or connectors.
Alternatively, the unidirectional charge limiter 151 is configured to limit a current flowing direction, i.e., only allow a current to flow from the input terminal of the unidirectional charge limiter 151 to the output terminal of the unidirectional charge limiter 151.
Optionally, the one-way charging limiter 151 includes a voltage comparator and a power switch tube, one input terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the first input terminal 15a of the engine compartment electrical box 15, the other input terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the reference voltage supply terminal, the output terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the control terminal of the power switch tube, the first terminal of the power switch tube is connected to the first input terminal 15a of the engine compartment electrical box 15, and the second terminal of the power switch tube is connected to the second input terminal 15b of the engine compartment electrical box 15. When the voltage of the first input terminal 15a is greater than the voltage provided by the reference voltage providing terminal, the output signal of the voltage comparator controls the power switch to be turned on, so that the voltage of the first input terminal 15a can be transmitted to the second input terminal 15b through the power switch, and further transmitted to the load connected to the second fuse box 14 and the load connected to the second power supply circuit 154.
The reference voltage supply is, for example, an output of the second total fuse box 14, i.e. the reference voltage is supplied by the second battery 12.
Alternatively, the power supply changeover switch 153 is a relay or other controllable switching element having a function of switching on and off the current.
Optionally, the first power supply circuit 152 and the second power supply circuit 154 are integrated on circuit boards designed independently from each other, so that the first power supply circuit 152 and the second power supply circuit 154 are isolated from each other and do not affect each other during operation.
Optionally, the loads in the first load set 16 are loads in an engine compartment area, such as an oil pump, an engine control unit, an air filter, a brake anti-lock system, a body control system, fuel injectors, oxygen sensors, a throttle, and the like. The loads in the second load group 17 are loads in the engine compartment area that affect normal driving of the vehicle, such as an engine control unit, an injector, a throttle, etc., and if the second type of load is not powered, the vehicle will not be able to operate.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the first battery 11 is normally operated, the power supply changeover switch 153 is in an off state, and the second power supply circuit 154 is not turned on. The current flowing out of the positive pole of the first battery 11 passes through the first main fuse box 13 and the first power supply circuit 152 in the engine compartment electrical box 151 to supply power to the loads in the first load set 16. In addition, when the amount of electricity is higher than that of the second storage battery 12, the current flowing out of the first main fuse box 13 can also flow into the second storage battery 12 through the one-way charging limiter 151 in the engine compartment electrical box 15, the second main fuse box 14 and then charge the second storage battery 12.
When the first battery 11 cannot normally supply power, the power switch 153 is switched to a closed state, and the current flowing out from the positive electrode of the second battery 12 can pass through the second main fuse box 14, the power switch 153 in the engine compartment electrical box 15 and the second power supply circuit 154 to supply power to the loads in the second load set 17. The reasons why the first battery 11 cannot normally supply power include, but are not limited to, the following reasons: a circuit fault between the input of the first main fuse box 13 to the positive pole of the first battery 11 (for example, a fault at the input terminal interface of the first main fuse box 13) or a circuit fault between the first input terminal 15a of the engine compartment electrical box 15 to the output terminal of the first main fuse box 13 (for example, a fault at the first input terminal 15a interface of the engine compartment electrical box 15) or a fault in the first battery 11 or a low charge in the first battery 11.
It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second battery 12 is a backup battery of the first battery 11, and the power supply changeover switch 153 and the second power supply circuit 154 correspond to a backup circuit of the first power supply circuit 152. When the first storage battery 11 can normally supply power to each load in the first load set 16 through the first power supply circuit 152, the power supply changeover switch 153 is in an off state, so that the second power supply circuit 154 does not supply power to each load in the second load set 17.
When the first battery 11 cannot supply power to its corresponding load, the power switch 153 is in a closed state, so that the second battery 12 can supply power to the corresponding load through the power switch 153 and the second power supply circuit 154 in time, and the vehicle can continue to run for a period of time. When the automobile is in an emergency, the driver has enough time to drive the automobile with the fault to a safe area and send the automobile to the maintenance treatment in time, so that the safety and the reliability of the automobile are improved.
Fig. 2 is another power distribution system for an automobile according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is used for performing reasonable power distribution and safety control on the entire load of the automobile when the automobile generator 21 fails. Referring to fig. 2, the power distribution system includes: the system comprises a first storage battery 11, a second storage battery 12, a first total fuse box 13, a second total fuse box 14 and an electric box 15 in an engine compartment. The engine compartment electrical box 15 includes a first input terminal 15a, a second input terminal 15b, a unidirectional charging limiter 151, a first power supply circuit 152, a power switch 153, and a second power supply circuit 154. The relevant matters are the same as those of the embodiment shown in fig. 1, and a detailed description is omitted here.
Optionally, the output of the first fuse box 13 is also used for connecting with a generator 21 of the vehicle, and the output of the second fuse box 14 is also used for connecting with a starter 20 of the vehicle.
Wherein, the starter 20 is used for starting the automobile; the generator 21 is used for supplying power to all loads of the whole automobile after the automobile is started.
When the automobile normally works, the second storage battery 12 supplies power to the starter motor 20 through the second total fuse box 14, after the starter motor 20 starts the automobile, the generator 21 charges the first storage battery 11 through the first total fuse box 13 and supplies power to the load of the whole automobile, and the generator 21 also charges the second storage battery 12 through the one-way charging limiter 151 in the electric box 15 in the engine compartment and the second total fuse box 14.
When the second battery 12 cannot normally supply power to the starter motor 20, the first battery 11 may supply power to the starter motor 20 through the first general fuse box 13, the one-way charge limiter 151 in the engine compartment electric box 15, and the second general fuse box 14 to start the vehicle.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the first power supply circuit 152 and the second power supply circuit 154 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, the first load set 16 and the second load set 17 each include a first type of load 171 and a second type of load 172. The first power supply circuit 152 comprises a first sub power supply circuit 1521 and a second sub power supply circuit 1522 which are connected in parallel, the first sub power supply circuit 1521 comprises a fuse 152a which is connected in series between each of said first class loads 171 and said first input terminal 15a, and the second sub power supply circuit 1522 comprises a fuse 152a and a driving switch 152b which are connected in series between each of said second class loads 172 and said first input terminal 15 a.
Accordingly, the second power supply circuit 154 includes a first sub power supply circuit 1541 and a second sub power supply circuit 1542 connected in parallel, the first sub power supply circuit 1541 includes a fuse 154a connected in series between each of the first-type loads 171 and the power source switch 153, and the second sub power supply circuit 1542 includes a fuse 154a and a driving switch 154b connected in series between each of the second-type loads 172 and the power source switch 153.
In addition, the power distribution system in the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a controller, and corresponding output terminals of the controller are respectively connected to the control terminal of the power switch 153 in the engine compartment electrical box 15, the drive switch control terminal of the first type load, and the drive switch control terminal of the second type load.
Illustratively, the first type of load includes an oil pump control module, an engine control unit, an anti-lock brake system, a vehicle body control system, a transmission control system, an oil rail heating system, an electronic steering column lock module, and the like, and the second type of load includes an oil injector, an oxygen sensor, a throttle valve, an oil pump, a vacuum pump, an electronic water pump, a high-low sound horn, an anti-theft horn, and the like.
In some examples, when the controller detects that all the loads in the first load set 16 cannot normally operate or that a set part of the loads cannot normally operate, the power switch 153 is controlled to be turned off, so that the second power supply circuit 154 of the engine compartment electrical box 15 is turned on, at this time, the first type of loads in the second load set 17 can normally operate, and at the same time, the controller controls the second type of loads in the second load set 17 to be turned on, so that the second type of loads in the second load set 17 continue to normally operate, and thus the vehicle can continue to normally run.
It should be noted that, the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the condition for switching to the power supply of the loads in the second load set 17 by using the second power supply circuit 154, and the switching condition may be set according to actual needs. For example, voltage or current sensors may be disposed between the positive electrode of the first storage battery 11 and the input terminal of the first total fuse box 13, between the positive electrode of the second storage battery 12 and the input terminal of the second total fuse box 13, and at the input terminals of the respective electrical boxes, and when a circuit fails, the voltage or current sensors may transmit a varying electrical signal to the receiving terminal of the controller, and the controller controls the on/off of the power switch 153 based on the received electrical signal.
In some examples, the loads on the automobile also include an active electric power steering 222, a cooling fan 221, an electromechanical brake booster 231, and a backup electric power steering 232. The output of the first total fuse box 13 is further configured to be connected to loads in a third load set 22, the output of the second total fuse box 14 is further configured to be connected to loads in a fourth load set 23, and the collection of the third load set 22 and the fourth load set 23 includes an active electric power steering gear 222, a cooling fan 221, an electromechanical brake booster 231, and a backup electric power steering gear 232.
Illustratively, the third load set 22 includes an active electric power steering 222, a cooling fan 221, and the fourth load set 23 includes a backup electric power steering 232, an electromechanical brake booster 231.
The loads in the starter 20, the third load set 22 and the fourth load set 23 are all loads in the engine compartment, and are connected to the output ends of the first total fuse box 13 and the second total fuse box 14, but not connected to the output end of the engine compartment electrical box 15, so that the loads have the advantage that, when they are in operation, the currents in the corresponding power supply circuits are larger than those in other engine compartments, and if the loads are connected to the output ends of the first power supply circuit 152 or the second power supply circuit 154 of the engine compartment electrical box 15, the sub power supply circuits corresponding to the first power supply circuit 152 and the second power supply circuit 154 in the engine compartment electrical box 15 will be heated, which brings a problem of temperature rise to the engine compartment electrical box 15, and affects the other sub power supply circuits to supply power to the connected corresponding loads.
In addition, the electromechanical brake booster 231 and the backup electric power steering gear 232 in the starter 20 and the fourth type load set 25 are all loads necessary for normal driving of the vehicle, and the loads are connected to the output end of the second main fuse box 14, so that when the power supply circuit corresponding to the first storage battery 11 fails and the vehicle cannot normally drive, the second storage battery 12 can supply current to the loads, and the loads in the second load set 17 help the vehicle to continuously drive for a period of time, thereby reducing the possibility of traffic accidents when the vehicle fails.
Optionally, the power distribution system further includes an indoor electrical box 24, an input end of the indoor electrical box 24 is connected to an output end of the first main fuse box 13, and an output end of the indoor electrical box 24 is used for being connected to a load at the rear of the vehicle.
Illustratively, the indoor electrical box 24 is located on the floor of the vehicle for managing the power supply circuit for the loads in the rear area of the vehicle. Exemplary loads in the rear area of the vehicle include skylights, headlights, backup lights, rear defrost, air blower, air conditioning compressor, seat heating.
Optionally, the power distribution system further includes a meter electrical box 25, an input end of the meter electrical box 25 is connected to an output end of the first total fuse box 13, and an output end of the meter electrical box 25 is used for being connected to a load in the meter desk area.
Illustratively, the instrument box 25 is located in the dashboard area of the passenger compartment of the vehicle for managing the power supply circuit for the load of the dashboard area. The load in the instrument desk area comprises an engine tachometer, a speedometer, a charging indicator lamp, a fault indicator lamp, a brake system warning lamp, a driver seat safety belt indicator lamp and a vehicle door unclosed indicator lamp.
Alternatively, the input end of the indoor electrical box 24 and the input end of the instrument electrical box 25 are connected with the output end of the first main fuse box 13 through nuts or connectors.
Optionally, the power distribution system further comprises at least one extension electrical box 26, an input of the extension electrical box 26 is connected to an output of the first total fuse box 13 or an output of the indoor electrical box 24 or an output of the instrument electrical box 25 or an output of the engine compartment electrical box 15, an output of the extension electrical box 26 is used for connecting loads in a fifth load set 27 in the automobile, and the extension electrical box 26 is arranged near the connected loads. Here, close refers to the arrangement of the extension box 26 close to the connected load with respect to other boxes, including the indoor box 24, the meter box 25, and the engine compartment box 15.
Optionally, the electrical extension box 26 comprises: at least one of a front windshield electric heating appliance box 261, a rear lamp electric appliance box 262, a door module electric appliance box 263, an air conditioner electric heating appliance box 264, and a headlamp electric appliance box 265.
Illustratively, a front windshield electrical heating box 261 is located in the engine compartment near the front windshield, a backlight electrical box 262 is located in the trunk of the automobile near the tail lights, a door module electrical box 263 is located on the door of the automobile, the number of door module electrical boxes 263 is the same as the number of the doors, an air conditioner electrical heating box 264 is located near the seat of the automobile, and a headlamp electrical box 265 is located at the head near the headlamp, for example, behind the left headlamp.
The loads in the fifth load set 27 are two or more loads required for a power supply circuit line in the entire vehicle, and include a front windshield electric heater, a backlight lamp, a door module, an air conditioner electric heater, and a headlamp. Wherein, the electric heater of the front windshield and the electric heater of the air conditioner are positioned in the engine compartment area; the head lamp is positioned at the head of the automobile, and the back lamp is positioned at the tail of the automobile. The power supply circuit lines are two or more loads, and compared with the power supply circuit lines directly connected to the output end of the first fuse box 13, the output end of the second fuse box 14, the output end of the engine compartment electric appliance box 15, the output end of the indoor electric appliance box 24 or the output end of the instrument electric appliance box 25, the length of the total power supply circuit lines can be shortened by using the extended electric appliance box management.
The extension electrical box 26 is disposed at a position close to the connected load, and may not be connected to the indoor electrical box 24, the instrument electrical box 25, the first output terminal or the second output terminal of the engine compartment electrical box 15. For example, the connection to the output of the first total fuse box 13 enables a shorter length of the electric supply circuit of the electric heating device of the front windshield, although located in the region of the nacelle, compared to the connection to the output 15a of the first electric supply circuit of the electric box 15 of the nacelle.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure in the first main fuse box. As shown in fig. 4, the first main fuse box 13 includes a plurality of sub power supply circuits 131 connected in parallel, and each sub power supply circuit is provided with a fuse 14 a. The input end of each sub power supply circuit 131 is connected with the input end of the first main fuse box 13, and the output end of each sub power supply circuit 131 is connected with a plurality of output ends of the first main fuse box 13.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure in the second total fuse box. As shown in fig. 5, the second total fuse box 14 in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of sub power supply circuits 141 connected in parallel, and each sub power supply circuit is provided with a fuse 14 a. The input end of each sub-power supply circuit 141 is connected to the input end of the second total fuse box 14, and the output end of each sub-power supply circuit 141 is connected to a plurality of output ends of the second total fuse box 14.
In the power distribution system of the automobile provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, on one hand, the first storage battery 11 and the second storage battery 12 are designed to assist the generator 21 to supply power, and a power supply circuit of a load influencing the normal running of the automobile is backed up in a power supply circuit corresponding to the second storage battery 12, when the generator 21 of the automobile cannot normally work, the first storage battery 11 supplies power to the load of the whole automobile, and when the power supply circuit corresponding to the first storage battery 11 fails, the second storage battery 12 supplies power to the load influencing the normal running of the automobile, so that the automobile can normally run for a period of time after the automobile fails, and the possibility of traffic accidents caused by sudden failure and abnormal running of the automobile is reduced; on the other hand, in the entire vehicle load, the load with more power supply circuit lines is managed by the expansion electrical box 26, so that the length of a power supply line is reduced, and meanwhile, the problem of temperature rise of the indoor electrical box 24, the instrument electrical box 25 and the engine compartment electrical box 15 due to more load power supply circuit lines is solved to a certain extent.
The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an automobile including the power distribution system of the automobile as described in any one of fig. 1 and 2.
The above description is intended to be exemplary only and not to limit the present disclosure, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure is to be considered as the same as the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A power distribution system for an automobile, the power distribution system comprising:
a first battery (11);
the input end of the first total fuse box (13) is connected with the positive electrode of the first storage battery (11);
a second battery (12);
a second main fuse box (14), an input end of the second main fuse box (14) is connected with a positive electrode of the second storage battery (12);
an engine compartment electrical box (15) comprises a first input end (15a), a second input end (15b), a one-way charging limiter (151), a first power supply circuit (152), a power supply change-over switch (153) and a second power supply circuit (154), wherein the first input end (15a) is connected with the output end of the first total fuse box (13), the input ends of the one-way charging limiter (151) and the first power supply circuit (152) are connected with the first input end (15a), the output end of the first power supply circuit (152) is used for being connected with loads in a first load set (16) of an automobile,
the second input end (15b) is connected with the output end of the second main fuse box (14), the output end of the unidirectional charging limiter (151) and one end of the power supply changeover switch (153) are connected with the second input end (15b), the other end of the power supply changeover switch (153) is connected with the input end of the second power supply circuit (154), the output end of the second power supply circuit (154) is used for being connected with loads in a second load set (17) of the automobile, and the second load set (17) is a subset of the first load set (16).
2. The power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the second load set (17) comprises at least one load (171) of a first type and at least one load (172) of a second type, the second supply circuit (154) comprises a first sub-supply circuit (1541) and a second sub-supply circuit (1542) connected in parallel, the first sub-supply circuit (1541) comprises a fuse (154a) connected in series between each load (171) of the first type and the power switch (153), and the second sub-supply circuit (1541) comprises a fuse (154a) and a drive switch (154b) connected in series between each load (172) of the second type and the power switch (153).
3. The power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the output of the first total fuse box (13) is further adapted to be connected to a generator (21) of a vehicle, and the output of the second total fuse box (14) is further adapted to be connected to a starter (20) of the vehicle.
4. The power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the output of the first total fuse box (13) is further adapted to be connected to loads in a third set of loads (22), the output of the second total fuse box (14) is further adapted to be connected to loads in a fourth set of loads (23), the combination of the third set of loads (22) and the fourth set of loads (23) comprising an active electric power steering gear (222), a cooling fan (221), an electromechanical brake booster (231), a backup electric power steering gear (232).
5. The power distribution system of claim 4, wherein the third load set (22) comprises an active electric power steering (222) and a cooling fan (221), and the fourth load set (23) comprises a standby electric power steering (232) and an electromechanical brake booster (231).
6. The power distribution system according to any of claims 1 to 5, further comprising at least one extension electrical box (26), an input of the extension electrical box (26) being connected to an output of the first total fuse box (13), an output of the extension electrical box (26) being for connection to a load of a fifth set of loads, the extension electrical box (26) being arranged adjacent to the connected load.
7. The power distribution system of claim 6, wherein the electrical extension box (26) comprises: at least one of a front windshield electric heating appliance box (261) and a headlamp appliance box (265),
the input end of the front windshield electric heating electric appliance box (261) is directly connected with the output end of the first total fuse box (13), and the input end of the headlamp electric appliance box (265) is connected with the output end of the engine compartment electric appliance box (15) so as to be connected with the output end of the first total fuse box (13) through the engine compartment electric appliance box (15).
8. The power distribution system according to claim 6, further comprising an indoor electrical box (24), an input of the indoor electrical box (24) being connected to an output of the first total fuse box (13);
the extension electric appliance box (26) comprises a back-lighting electric appliance box (262) and a door module electric appliance box (263), and the input end of the back-lighting electric appliance box (262) and the input end of the door module electric appliance box (263) are respectively connected with the output end of the indoor electric appliance box (24) so as to be connected with the output end of the first total fuse box (13) through the indoor electric appliance box (24).
9. The power distribution system of claim 7, further comprising a meter box (25), an input of the meter box (25) being connected to an output of the first total fuse box (13);
the expansion electrical box (26) comprises an air conditioner electric heating electrical box (264), and the input end of the air conditioner electric heating electrical box (264) is connected with the output end of the instrument electrical box (25) so as to be connected with the output end of the first total fuse box (13) through the instrument electrical box (25).
10. An automobile, characterized in that the automobile comprises a power distribution system of the automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011551543.4A CN112693412B (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Power distribution system of automobile and automobile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011551543.4A CN112693412B (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Power distribution system of automobile and automobile |
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| CN112693412A CN112693412A (en) | 2021-04-23 |
| CN112693412B true CN112693412B (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014034351A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2014-02-24 | Yazaki Corp | Fuse circuit body for vehicle |
| CN107107843A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2017-08-29 | 株式会社自动网络技术研究所 | Automobile electrical source feedway and power pack |
| CN108437914A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-24 | 福特全球技术公司 | The short-circuit protection of redundant power framework for vehicle |
| CN109624893A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-16 | 芜湖伯特利电子控制系统有限公司 | A kind of power supply redundancy method of electronic control system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130082639A1 (en) * | 2011-10-04 | 2013-04-04 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Electrical system having a primary energy source and a redundant rechargeable energy source |
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2020
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014034351A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2014-02-24 | Yazaki Corp | Fuse circuit body for vehicle |
| CN107107843A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2017-08-29 | 株式会社自动网络技术研究所 | Automobile electrical source feedway and power pack |
| CN108437914A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-24 | 福特全球技术公司 | The short-circuit protection of redundant power framework for vehicle |
| CN109624893A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-16 | 芜湖伯特利电子控制系统有限公司 | A kind of power supply redundancy method of electronic control system |
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| CN112693412A (en) | 2021-04-23 |
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