CN112692146A

CN112692146A - Drawing die and drawing forming method

Info

Publication number: CN112692146A
Application number: CN202011425248.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐肖; 阮林凡; 王震
Original assignee: Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Corp
Current assignee: Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Corp
Priority date: 2020-12-08
Filing date: 2020-12-08
Publication date: 2021-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-08
Also published as: CN112692146B

Abstract

The invention discloses a drawing die and a drawing forming method, and relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing. The drawing die is used for forming a workpiece with negative angle characteristics and comprises: the die comprises a die body and a die, wherein the die body comprises a male die and a female die positioned above the male die, the female die can be movably arranged along the up-down direction, the female die is used for enclosing with the male die to form a die cavity when moving downwards to be matched with the male die, a channel is formed in the die body, and the channel extends along a first direction intersecting with the up-down direction and penetrates through the die cavity; the side cutter block is arranged in the channel and can slide along the first direction; and the linkage structure is arranged on the die body and used for abutting against the side cutter adjusting block when the female die moves downwards so as to enable the side cutter adjusting block to move towards the male die. The drawing die provided by the invention is low in height, and can avoid the occurrence of slip lines on stamping parts, so that products with higher quality are produced.

Description

Drawing die and drawing forming method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing, in particular to a drawing die and a drawing forming method.

Background

With the higher and higher requirements of customers on the appearance of the automobile, the requirements on the manufacturing process of the outer plate stamping part are higher and higher while the design of the automobile is personalized. Taking an automobile tail gate as an example, fig. 1 is a sectional view of a certain automobile tail gate model, which is mainly characterized in that the tail part is in an upturned ridge line model, and the quality surface of an outer plate is drawn and formed at one time by a traditional stamping process so as to ensure the appearance quality of a product. However, for the tail gate with the shape, the stamping angle cannot have a negative angle necessarily required by primary drawing, so that the stamping depth is greatly increased, the height of a die often exceeds the maximum opening height of a machine tool, and secondly, a slip line is easily generated at the highest point of a primary drawing stamping part, so that the debugging difficulty is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a drawing die and a drawing forming method, and aims to provide the drawing die which is low in height, can avoid a stamping part from generating a slip line, and can produce a product with higher quality.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a drawing die for forming a workpiece having a negative angle characteristic, the drawing die including:

the die comprises a die body and a die, wherein the die body comprises a male die and a female die positioned above the male die, the female die can be movably arranged along the up-down direction, the female die is used for enclosing with the male die to form a die cavity when moving downwards to be matched with the male die, a channel is formed in the die body, and the channel extends along a first direction intersecting with the up-down direction and penetrates through the die cavity;

the side cutter block is arranged in the channel and can slide along the first direction; and the number of the first and second groups,

and the linkage structure is arranged on the die body and used for abutting against the side cutter adjusting block when the female die moves downwards so as to enable the side cutter adjusting block to move towards the male die.

Optionally, when the female die moves downwards to be matched with the male die, the inner wall of the female die and the inner wall of the male die enclose to form the die cavity, a first cavity extending along a first direction is formed in the female die, the first cavity penetrates through the inner wall of the female die, a groove is formed on part of the inner wall of the male die, and in a die matching stroke when the female die moves downwards, the first cavity and the groove are communicated to form the channel;

the side cutter block is arranged at the inner end of the male die and faces to form a stamping part, and when the female die and the male die are assembled, the stamping part extends into a die cavity and defines a negative-angle die cavity together with the groove.

Optionally, the side cutter block has an initial state of being relatively stationary with the first cavity and a free state of being capable of displacing relative to the first cavity, and a through hole is formed through the bottom of the first cavity;

the linkage structure includes:

the supporting part is arranged on the inner wall of the male die and extends into the through hole, and the supporting part is used for supporting the side cutter adjusting block when the female die moves downwards so as to enable the side cutter adjusting block to be in the free state; and the number of the first and second groups,

the abutting portion is arranged at the top of the first cavity and is opposite to the outer end of the side cutter block, the abutting portion is provided with a guide surface, the outer end of the side cutter block is provided with a matching surface, and when the side cutter block is in a free state, the guide surface is matched with the matching surface so that the side cutter block moves towards the male die.

Optionally, at least one of the guide surface and the engagement surface is disposed obliquely outward in a top-down direction.

Optionally, the drawing die further includes a fixing structure, the fixing structure includes a fixing portion and a matching portion, the fixing portion is disposed on a cavity wall of the first cavity, the matching portion is disposed on the side cutter block, when the side cutter block is in the initial state, the fixing portion and the matching portion are matched with each other to fix the side cutter block to the cavity wall of the first cavity, and when the side cutter block is in the free state, the fixing portion is separated from the matching portion to enable the side cutter block to move relative to the first cavity.

Optionally, the fixing part comprises two hooks arranged at the top of the first cavity, and the two hooks are respectively arranged on two sides of the lateral cutter block in the width direction;

the two side walls in the width direction of the side cutter block are respectively provided with flanges extending along the length direction of the side cutter block, the two flanges are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two hooks, and the flanges form the matching parts.

Optionally, the drawing die further comprises a reset structure arranged between the female die and the side cutter block, and the reset structure is used for driving the side cutter block to be away from the male die when the female die moves upwards.

Optionally, the reset mechanism includes:

the reset cylinder is arranged on the side cutter block along a first direction and comprises a cylinder body and a piston movably arranged in the cylinder body, a movable rod is arranged on one side, facing the male die, of the piston, a deformation cavity is defined by the other side and the inner side wall of the cylinder body, and compressed gas is filled in the deformation cavity; and the number of the first and second groups,

the baffle is arranged on the female die and positioned on one side of the movable rod facing the male die and is used for being abutted and matched with the movable rod to limit the movable stroke of the side cutter block moving towards the male die.

Optionally, the drawing die further comprises a limiting block, wherein the limiting block is arranged at one end, away from the male die, of the first cavity and used for limiting the side cutter adjusting block in the first direction.

The invention further provides a drawing forming method, which comprises the following steps:

drawing the workpiece from top to bottom to enable the workpiece to form at least two intersected surfaces, wherein each surface is provided with an inner side surface facing to the adjacent surface and an outer side surface opposite to the inner side surface;

during the drawing, one of the faces is side-shaped in a first direction intersecting the up-down direction to form a negative angle on the outer side face.

According to the technical scheme, the drawing die is designed and used for forming a workpiece with a negative angle characteristic, the drawing die comprises a die body, a side cutter block and a linkage structure, the side cutter block is arranged in a channel of the die body, when a male die and a female die of the die body are closed, the workpiece is drawn, meanwhile, the linkage structure pushes the side cutter block to move in the channel along a first direction, the forming of the negative angle of the workpiece is completed, the side finishing is completed while drawing, on one hand, the workpiece does not need to be rotated by an angle in the machining process, and the die height is reduced; on the other hand, the motion direction of the side cutter block can be determined in a targeted manner according to the direction of the negative angle, the generation of a slip line is avoided, the quality of a product is improved, in addition, the forming of drawing and the negative angle is completed by using a drawing die at the same time, the shaping die is not needed, and the cost is saved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a certain vehicle tailgate configuration;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a draw die provided by the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the fixing structure shown in fig. 1.

The reference numbers illustrate:

100	drawing die	32	Butting part
				1	Die body	321	Guide surface
11	Male die	4	Fixing structure
				12	Concave die	41	Fixing part
121	The first chamber	411	Hook for hanging articles
				13	Die cavity	42	Mating part
14	Channel	42a	Flange
				2	Side cutter block	5	Reset structure
21	Punching part	51	Resetting cylinder
				22	Mating surfaces	52	Baffle plate
3	Linkage structure	6	Limiting block
				31	Supporting part

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as upper, lower, left, right, front, rear, outer and inner … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.

In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

In view of the above, the invention provides a drawing die and a drawing forming method, and aims to provide a drawing die which is low in height, can avoid a stamping part from generating a slip line, and can produce a product with high quality. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a certain vehicle tailgate configuration; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a draw die provided by the present disclosure; fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the fixing structure shown in fig. 1.

Referring to fig. 2, a drawing die 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is used for forming a workpiece with a negative angle feature, and the drawing die 100 includes a die body 1, a side cutter block 2, and a linkage structure 3, where the die body 1 includes a male die 11 and a female die 12 located above the male die 11, the female die 12 is movably disposed in an up-down direction, the female die 12 is configured to surround the male die 11 to form a die cavity 13 when moving downward to be matched with the male die 11, a channel 14 is formed in the die body 1, and the channel 14 extends in a first direction intersecting the up-down direction and penetrates through the die cavity 13; the side cutter block 2 is arranged in the channel 14 and can slide along a first direction; the linkage structure 3 is arranged on the die body 1 and used for supporting the side cutter block 2 when the female die 12 moves downwards so as to enable the side cutter block 2 to move towards the male die 11. In addition, the drawing die 100 provided by the method has good drawing effect and negative angle forming effect, and is convenient to debug.

According to the technical scheme, the drawing die 100 is designed and used for forming a workpiece with a negative angle characteristic, the drawing die 100 comprises a die body 1, a side cutter block 2 and a linkage structure 3, the side cutter block 2 is arranged in a channel 14 of the die body 1, when a male die 11 and a female die 12 of the die body 1 are closed, the workpiece is drawn, meanwhile, the linkage structure 3 pushes the side cutter block 2 to move in the channel 14 along a first direction, the negative angle forming of the workpiece is completed, the side finishing is completed during drawing, on one hand, in the machining process, the workpiece does not need to be rotated by an angle, and the die height is reduced; on the other hand, the motion direction of the side cutter block 2 can be determined in a targeted manner according to the direction of the negative angle, the generation of a slip line is avoided, the quality of a product is improved, in addition, the drawing die 100 is used for simultaneously completing drawing and forming of the negative angle, a shaping die is not needed, and the cost is saved.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2, when the female die 12 moves downwards to be matched with the male die 11, the inner wall of the female die 12 and the inner wall of the male die 11 enclose to form a die cavity 13, a first cavity 121 extending along a first direction is formed in the female die 12, the first cavity 121 penetrates through the inner wall of the female die 12, a groove is formed on a part of the inner wall of the male die 11, and in a die matching stroke when the female die 12 moves downwards, the first cavity 121 and the groove are communicated to form a channel 14; the inner end of the side cutter block 2 facing the punch 11 forms a stamping part 21, and when the die 12 and the punch 11 are closed, the stamping part 21 extends into the die cavity 13 and defines the negative angle die cavity 13 together with the groove.

The negative angle is formed on the workpiece in the drawing process by the stamping part 21 of the side finishing cutter block 2, a driving structure for stamping the negative angle is not required to be independently arranged, the structure is simple, and the energy is saved.

The lateral trimming direction, i.e. the first direction, can be generally set as the average normal direction of the negative angle local area of the workpiece, and is specifically determined by CAE analysis, and the basic principle of the design is as follows: the edge lines are ensured not to generate appearance defects such as sliding lines/impact lines and the like in the side shaping process.

As to how to form the negative angle while drawing, the present invention is not limited, and preferably, referring to fig. 2, the side-finishing block 2 has an initial state of being stationary relative to the first cavity 121 and a free state of being able to move relative to the first cavity 121, and a through hole is formed through the bottom of the first cavity 121; the linkage structure 3 comprises a supporting part 31 and a top abutting part 32, wherein the supporting part 31 is arranged on the inner wall of the male die 11 and extends into the through hole, and the supporting part 31 is used for supporting the side cutter adjusting block 2 when the female die 12 moves downwards so as to enable the side cutter adjusting block 2 to be in a free state; the abutting portion 32 is disposed at the top of the first cavity 121 and is disposed opposite to the outer end of the side cutter block 2, the abutting portion 32 has a guide surface 321, the outer end of the side cutter block 2 has a matching surface 22, and when the side cutter block 2 is in a free state, the guide surface 321 is matched with the matching surface 22, so that the side cutter block 2 moves toward the punch 11.

It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the die 12 is moved up and down toward the punch 11, and in the initial state, the side block 2 is fixed to the die 12 and moves down together with the die 12, and in the negative angle machining, it is often necessary to make the side block 2 have a movement component in the first direction, and therefore, in the negative angle forming, the side block 2 is made to have a movement component in the first direction by the cooperation of the guide surface 321 and the mating surface 22.

In addition, when a negative angle is formed, the side finishing block 2 needs to be separated from the female die 12, and the guide surface 321 is matched with the matching surface 22, so that the side finishing block 2 and the linkage structure 3 are always in surface contact during relative movement, and the stability of the drawing die 100 is improved.

Further, referring to fig. 2, at least one of the guide surface 321 and the mating surface 22 is disposed to be inclined outward in a top-down direction. Thus, the inclined plane structure between the supporting part 31 and the side cutter block 2 is matched, so that the side cutter block 2 has a motion component in the first direction, and the structure is simple and the feasibility is strong.

Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the drawing die 100 further includes a fixing structure 4, the fixing structure 4 includes a fixing portion 41 and a matching portion 42, the fixing portion 41 is disposed on the cavity wall of the first cavity 121, the matching portion 42 is disposed on the side finishing block 2, when the side finishing block 2 is in the initial state, the fixing portion 41 and the matching portion 42 are matched with each other, so that the side finishing block 2 is fixed on the cavity wall of the first cavity 121, and when the side finishing block 2 is in the free state, the fixing portion 41 is separated from the matching portion 42, so that the side finishing block 2 can move relative to the first cavity 121. Through the mutual matching of the fixing part 41 and the matching part 42, the mutual conversion between the initial state and the free state of the side cutter block 2 is realized, and the operation is convenient and easy.

The invention is not limited to the specific form of the fixing portion 41 and the matching portion 42, and preferably, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the fixing portion 41 includes two hooks 411 disposed at the top of the first cavity 121, and the two hooks 411 are disposed at two sides of the lateral entire knife block 2 in the width direction; two side walls in the width direction of the side cutter block 2 are respectively provided with a flange 42a extending along the length direction of the side cutter block 2, the two flanges 42a and the two hooks 411 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the flanges 42a form the matching part 42. When the side finishing block 2 is in an initial state, the flange 42a is hung on the hook 411, and when the side finishing block 2 is in a free state, the flange 42a is separated from the hook 411.

It will be appreciated that in the present embodiment, the female die 11 has three positions in sequence: 1) before drawing begins, the side cutter block 2 is in an initial state and is kept static relative to the female die 11; 2) drawing to a certain depth, and separating the flange from the hook; 3) when the die body 1 is matched and drawn to the bottom, and the drawing die 100 is specifically operated, firstly, the side finishing cutter block 2 is in an initial state, is kept relatively static with the female die 12 and descends together with the female die 12, the female die 12 descends continuously and continues to draw, and reaches a position 2), the hook 411 is separated from the flange 42a, namely the side finishing cutter block 2 enters a free state, the female die 12 continues to move downwards and draw, meanwhile, the side finishing cutter block 2 is pushed to move along the first direction to perform side finishing on one surface of a workpiece, when the female die 12 moves to the bottom, negative angle forming is completed, and meanwhile, drawing forming is also completed.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 3, after the side finishing block 2 moves down along with the female die 12, after the side finishing block 2 contacts the supporting portion 31, the female die 12 continues to move down, and due to the supporting effect of the supporting portion 31, the hook 411 is separated from the flange 42a, and under the effect of the linkage structure 3, side finishing is started, and the structure is simple and the flexibility is strong.

After the female die 12 is bottomed, i.e., drawing is completed, the female die 12 needs to move upwards to take out the workpiece, however, the side finishing block 2 is in a free state and cannot move upwards together with the female die 12, so in the embodiment of the drawing die 100, the resetting structure 5 is arranged between the female die 12 and the side finishing block 2, and the resetting structure 5 is used for driving the side finishing block 2 to be away from the male die 11 when the female die 12 moves upwards. Through the reset structure 5 and the matching action of the hook 411 and the flange 42a, the side whole cutter block 2 is reset to the initial state and enters the next drawing, and the structure is simple, convenient and easy to operate.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the resetting structure 5 includes a resetting cylinder 51 and a baffle 52, wherein the resetting cylinder 51 is mounted on the side trimming block 2 along a first direction, the resetting cylinder 51 includes a cylinder body and a piston movably mounted in the cylinder body, one side of the piston facing the punch 11 is provided with a movable rod, the other side of the piston and the inner side wall of the cylinder body define a deformation chamber, and compressed gas is filled in the deformation chamber; the baffle plate 52 is arranged on one side of the female die 12, which faces the male die 11, and is used for abutting and matching with the movable rod so as to limit the movable stroke of the side trimming block 2 moving towards the male die 11.

When the side cutter block 2 moves towards the male die 11 along the first direction, the movable rod is abutted to the baffle 52, in the moving process, compressed gas in the cylinder body is compressed to generate resetting force, and further when the female die 12 moves upwards, the guide surface 321 and the matching surface 22 are far away, under the action of the resetting force, the side cutter block 2 moves towards the direction far away from the male die 11 along the first direction, in the moving process, the flange 42a of the side cutter block 2 is abutted to the second end of the fixing portion 41 again, so that the side cutter block 2 is static relative to the female die 12 again, the structure is simple, and the flexibility is high.

Further, referring to fig. 2, the drawing die 100 further includes a limiting block 6, and the limiting block 6 is disposed at an end of the first cavity 121 far from the male die 11, and is used for limiting the side tool block 2 in the first direction. Through the limiting effect of the limiting block 6, when the side cutter block 2 moves away from the male die 11, after the flange 42a is reconnected with the hook 411, the side cutter block 2 is prevented from moving excessively, so that the side cutter block 2 is separated from the side wall of the first cavity 121, and the stability of the drawing die 100 is improved.

s10, drawing the workpiece from top to bottom to enable the workpiece to form at least two intersected surfaces, wherein each surface is provided with an inner side surface facing to the adjacent surface and an outer side surface opposite to the inner side surface;

and S20, in the drawing process, carrying out side shaping on one surface along a first direction intersecting with the up-down direction so as to form a negative angle on the outer side surface.

The drawing forming method provided by the invention is used for forming stamping parts with negative angle shapes at local parts, in particular to outer plate parts with higher requirements on appearance quality. On the basis of the traditional drawing process, a local side shaping mechanism is added before the drawing is completed, so that the negative angle characteristic of a forming part is ensured while drawing. On one hand, the drawing forming depth can be greatly reduced, and the height of a drawing die is ensured; on the other hand, because the angle of the side finishing can be adjusted, the defect of a slip line on the appearance surface product can be effectively avoided, and the difficulty degree of debugging can be reduced.

Specifically, when the automobile tail gate with the negative angle needs to be machined, the step S10 can be carried out according to the actual requirement and 10-30 mm before the automobile tail gate is drawn to the bottom according to the forming state. The basic principle of the design is as follows: on the premise of ensuring that the forming does not generate cracking and slippage risks in the CAE analysis process, the subsequent side shaping amount is as small as possible, and the defects generated by side shaping are prevented. The drawing to the bottom means that the male die and the female die are matched to the final drawing position.

It is understood that the drawing forming method provided by the present invention can be performed by using the drawing die 100 as described above, and can also be performed by using other dies that can be realized.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drawing die for forming a workpiece having negative angle features, the drawing die comprising:

2. The drawing die of claim 1, wherein when the female die moves downwards to be matched with the male die, the inner wall of the female die and the inner wall of the male die enclose to form the die cavity, a first cavity extending along a first direction is formed in the female die and is arranged through the inner wall of the female die, a groove is formed in part of the inner wall of the male die, and the first cavity and the groove are communicated to form the channel in the downward movement of the female die during the matching stroke;

3. The drawing die of claim 2, wherein the side finishing block has an initial state of relative rest with the first cavity and a free state of displacement relative to the first cavity, a bottom of the first cavity having a through hole therethrough;

the linkage structure includes:

4. The drawing die of claim 3 wherein at least one of the guide surface and the mating surface is inclined outwardly in a top-down direction.

5. The draw die of claim 3, further comprising a fixed structure including a fixed portion disposed on a wall of the first cavity and an engagement portion disposed on the side finishing block, the fixed portion and the engagement portion cooperating with each other to secure the side finishing block to the wall of the first cavity when the side finishing block is in the initial state, the fixed portion and the engagement portion being spaced apart to enable the side finishing block to move relative to the first cavity when the side finishing block is in the free state.

6. The drawing die as claimed in claim 5, wherein the fixed part comprises two hooks arranged at the top of the first cavity, and the two hooks are respectively arranged at two sides of the lateral whole cutter block in the width direction;

7. The drawing die of claim 5, further comprising a reset structure arranged between the female die and the side cutter block, wherein the reset structure is used for driving the side cutter block to be away from the male die when the female die moves upwards.

8. The draw die of claim 7, wherein the reset structure comprises:

9. The drawing die of claim 7, further comprising a limiting block disposed at an end of the first cavity remote from the punch for limiting the side finishing block in the first direction.

10. A drawing forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps: