CN112689353A - Illumination control method for guest rooms of commercial hotel - Google Patents
Illumination control method for guest rooms of commercial hotel Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for controlling illumination of guest rooms of a business hotel, which comprises the steps of dividing a room of the business hotel into a plurality of areas according to use requirements, carrying out mathematical modeling on the illumination environment of the business hotel by taking the industry standard or the general requirement of the business hotel as reference, and establishing an evaluation function to grade the standard reaching degree of illumination and illumination uniformity of each area. At the same time, for specific use and lighting needs, such as: office, reading, reception, entertainment, energy saving, etc., to supplement the evaluation function. And then, optimizing the lighting parameters of each lamp in the guest room based on the evaluation function by adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and converting a plurality of optimization results obtained according to different evaluation functions into lamp lighting scene control parameters. Finally, based on the control panel, the centralized control host and the dimmable LED lamp set which are arranged in the room, the user sends an instruction to the centralized control host through the control panel to open a corresponding scene so as to obtain a more targeted and more efficient and energy-saving lighting effect.
Description
The application is a divisional application with the application number of 201811343928.4, application date of 2018, 11 and 02, and the invention name of 'a commercial hotel room lighting control method'.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of intelligent illumination, and particularly relates to a method for controlling illumination of guest rooms of a commercial hotel.
Background
The hotel industry, as a representative service industry, is very focused on the check-in experience of customers. Since the main use areas of customers are concentrated in the indoor and the use time is concentrated in the evening, the industry has stronger interest and urgent need for efficient, practical and personalized intelligent lighting equipment. The one-key scene switching function and the atmosphere rendering function of the intelligent lighting equipment are also concerned by the industry. In addition, in the aspect of energy consumption, the illumination energy consumption of traditional commercial hotel often exceeds 30% of hotel's power consumption total amount, and the energy consumption is higher relatively, adopts intelligent lighting system after, through modulation and whole optimization to single lamp luminance parameter, can play comparatively effectual energy-conserving effect, when satisfying user's lighting needs, greatly reduced hotel operation cost. Currently, over 70% of star-class commercial hotels have equipped and used various intelligent lighting devices in the hope that their customers can reap a more superior check-in experience.
However, the intelligent lighting devices used in the industry are often limited to simple infrared and voice-operated switching devices, or wireless remote control devices, and are generally traditional intelligent lighting products widely applied in the market. The product is wide in application range, lacks certain pertinence, lacks necessary research on environment, layout and specific lighting requirements in the hotel industry, cannot completely meet and satisfy various special lighting requirements of commercial hotels, and cannot completely embody superior lighting performance of an intelligent lighting system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lighting control method for guest rooms of a business hotel, which is characterized in that the rooms of the business hotel are divided into a plurality of areas according to use requirements, the lighting environment of the business hotel is mathematically modeled by taking the lighting standard or general requirement of the business hotel industry as reference, and an evaluation function is established to grade the standard reaching degree of the illumination intensity and the illumination intensity uniformity of each area. Meanwhile, different lighting and specific use requirements for the lighting of the business hotel are as follows: reading, meeting, entertainment, working and the like, and the evaluation function is adjusted to enhance the pertinence of the lighting effect and reduce the energy consumption of the lamp to a certain extent. And then, introducing a particle swarm optimization algorithm, optimizing the lighting parameters of each lamp in the guest room based on the evaluation function values, and converting a plurality of optimization results obtained according to different evaluation functions into lamp lighting scene control parameters for users to use. Finally, a control panel, a centralized control host and an LED lamp set are installed in the room, the room is arranged in the business hotel rooms according to the layout of the business hotel rooms, a user can send an instruction to the centralized control host through the control panel to open a corresponding scene, and the targeted one-key scene illumination is provided for the user under the condition that the layout of the rooms is not changed.
A lighting control method for guest rooms of a business hotel comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing a commercial hotel room into a plurality of areas according to use requirements, grading the standard reaching degree of the calculated values of the illuminance and the illuminance uniformity of each area relative to a preset reference value based on the position and/or shape of each area and the light distribution model of each lamp in the room, and establishing an evaluation function;
s2, optimizing the lighting parameter modulation value of each lamp in the guest room based on the evaluation function value by adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm,
the particle swarm optimization algorithm takes the illumination parameter modulation value of each lamp in a room as an element to form a particle swarm, and updates the illumination parameter modulation value of the group history optimal solution according to the grading iteration, and the illumination parameter modulation value is used as the final optimization result;
and S3, arranging an illumination controller in the room, wherein the illumination controller comprises a control panel and a centralized control host, the centralized control host is used for adjusting and driving the LED lamp groups in the lamps, a user sends an instruction to the centralized control host by operating the control panel, the driving current of the LED lamp groups in each lamp is respectively adjusted according to the illumination parameter modulation value obtained in the step S2, and the LED lamp groups are adjusted to corresponding brightness.
Preferably, in step S1, the evaluation function is further supplemented according to a lighting scene usage requirement of the lighting of the business hotel;
in step S2, the optimization result is further converted and stored as a lamp control parameter of the lighting scene for a user to use;
in step S3, the user may send an instruction to the centralized control host by operating the control panel, and adjust the driving currents of the LED lamp groups in the lamps according to the lamp control parameters of the lighting scene in step S2, so as to turn on the lighting scene.
Specifically, firstly, a business hotel room is divided into a plurality of functional areas according to use requirements, wherein a bed surface, a writing desk and a sofa are areas for users to use more, and are defined as working areas; areas which are possibly used by other users but can not stay for a long time are listed as adjacent areas; the areas between the bed surface and the wall of the toilet and the positions of the windowsills are listed as background areas because users generally use the bathroom rarely or the requirements on illumination of the bathroom during use are low; since the washroom includes a wash basin and has little influence on other areas, the influence on the outside is hardly generated when the door of the washroom is closed, and therefore the influence is not included in the research range for the time being.
After the area division is finished, mathematical modeling is carried out on the illumination environment of the commercial hotel according to relevant standards or suggestions of hotel illumination, and the geometric positions and/or shapes of various functional areas and various illumination lamps of the rooms of the commercial hotel are obtained; meanwhile, obtaining a light distribution model of each lamp; then, establishing an evaluation function f, and grading the standard reaching degree of the calculated values of the illuminance and the illuminance uniformity of each area relative to a reference value:
f＝w1×u(E1)+w2×u(E2)+w3×u(E3)+w4×u(U1)+w5×u(U2)
wherein E is1For horizontal illuminance of the working plane, E2Illuminance of the vicinity of the working plane, E3As background area illumination, U1For uniformity of illumination of the working plane, U2The uniformity of the illumination of the area adjacent to the working plane; w is a1、w2、w3、w4、w5Respectively are the weight coefficients of each index; u () represents the proximity of the calculated value of each index to the reference value obtained by the relevant standard or recommendation for E under a particular lighting parameter configuration1、E2、E3When the calculated value is not equal to the reference value, u () can be represented by:
in the formula, E is a reference value of the corresponding evaluated index, and E' is a calculated value of the illuminance of each area when the lighting fixture illuminates according to the corresponding lighting parameter. For U1、U2When the calculated value is smaller than the reference value, the calculation is performed according to the first ratio formula, otherwise, when the calculated value is larger than the reference value, the calculated value is still regarded as u (), which is 1.
After the establishment of the evaluation function f is completed, adopting an analytic hierarchy process to carry out analysis on each weight coefficient w1、w2、w3、w4、w5And carrying out assignment. Establishing a judgment matrix A according to the number n of the weight coefficientsn*nFilling the comparison matrix with two integers from 1 to 9, wherein the numerical value represents the corresponding index of the corresponding row weight item, and is more important than the corresponding index of the corresponding column weight item (1 is the same importance of the two, and the score less than 1 represents that the latter is more important than the former), and the numerical value can be a subjective evaluation result or a statistical result obtained through sample investigation; then the matrix A is formedn*nAnd substituting into a geometric mean equation to determine specific numerical values of the weight coefficients, wherein the geometric mean equation is as follows:
then, according to five different using and lighting optimization requirements of energy conservation, office work, reception of guests, entertainment and leisure reading, respectively supplementing F and establishing a new evaluation function F1To F5The content is as follows:
firstly, for the energy-saving index, the corresponding evaluation function F is required to reduce the overall energy consumption of the lamp as much as possible1Expressed as:
wherein P (i) is the power consumption of the ith lamp, and it can be seen that the smaller P (i), the smaller the evaluation function F1The higher the value of (a).
Secondly, aiming at an office scene, for a user needing to work, an office area is mainly concentrated in a writing desk area, in order to achieve the best working illumination effect, the illumination intensity and the illumination intensity uniformity of the writing desk are required to meet reference conditions as much as possible, and a new evaluation function F is used at the moment2Can be expressed as:
in the formula, E11Indicating the level of illumination, U, of the table in the writing desk area11Representing the uniformity of the illumination of the table in the area of the writing table, q1、q2、k1、k2、k3The values of the weight coefficients of the corresponding terms can be obtained by an analytic hierarchy process.
Thirdly, aiming at the scene of meeting, regarding the evaluation index, the scene focuses more on the overall brightness and the illuminance uniformity in the area, the illuminance reference value in each area can be uniformly set to be a fixed value, and the illuminance uniformity reference value is a fixed value, so that a new evaluation function F3Expressed as:
by increasing the weighting factor k1Is taken to be k1＞k2To increase the overall illumination and uniformity of illumination required during the evaluation.
And fourthly, an entertainment scene which is mainly suitable for being used when a user is positioned on a bed surface to use a mobile phone or a television and requires that the illumination brightness of the background and the adjacent area is lower, and a new evaluation function F is used at the moment4Expressed as:
wherein E is12Indicating the horizontal illuminance outside the desk in the work area, q1、q2、q3、k1、k2、k3The values of the weight coefficients of the corresponding terms can be obtained by an analytic hierarchy process.
Fifthly, the leisure reading scene is mainly used for reading books in the bedside or sofa area of a user, the brightness of m lamps near the bedside is required to be high, and a new evaluation function F is obtained at the moment5Expressed as:
in the formula ItRespectively, the brightness of the tth lamp near the head of the bed, qtRepresenting their respective weight coefficients; k is a radical of1、k2、k3The value of each weight coefficient, which is the weight coefficient of the corresponding term, can be obtained by an analytic hierarchy process.
Evaluation function F1To F5After the establishment is finished, optimizing the lamp parameters, namely the modulation values of the illumination parameters by adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and respectively using an evaluation function F in the optimization process1To F5The evaluation of each particle in the population was performed as follows:
t1 random generation of particle swarm initial set X (1)N*nElement x thereofij(1) N, j is 1, 2,. N; n is the number of the lamps to be optimized in the guest room, namely the particle swarm dimension, and N is the particle swarm scale; each element xij(1) The initial illumination parameter modulation value of i groups of particles of the lamps j in the room is represented, the illumination distribution of each area of the hotel room when each lamp illuminates according to the current illumination parameter modulation value is calculated for all n lamps corresponding to the i group of particles according to the light distribution model, and an evaluation function F is adopted1Evaluating the lighting effect corresponding to the ith group of particles;
respectively obtaining the initial score value of the illumination parameter modulation value vector of each particle group, taking the initial score value as the initial score value of the self-history optimal solution, and recording the illumination parameter modulation value vector;
simultaneously, recording the maximum value of the initial score values of all the N groups of particles as the initial score value of the optimal solution of the group history, and recording the modulation value vector of the illumination parameter, wherein the updating time k is 1;
t2, in the particle swarm optimization process, each element xij() All correspond to a change value vij() Element vij() Represents the modulation value x of the corresponding luminaire j at its lighting parameterij() On the basis of (2), v is required to be carried outij() In order to ensure its effectiveness, vij() The value interval should not be larger than xij() 10% of the maximum value that can be taken; if changed xij() Greater than xij() The maximum value that can be taken, then xij() Still take its maximum value;
randomly generating set V (k)N*nEach element of which represents a collection X (k)N*nThe change value of each element is adopted, and the following formula is adopted for V (k)N*nAnd X (k)N*nAnd (4) carrying out multiple updates:
vij(k+1)＝wvij(k)+c1r1(Pij(k)-xij(k))+c2r2(Gj(k)-xij(k))
xij(k+1)＝xij(k)+vij(k+1)
wherein k is the current updating times; pij(k) Representing the ith specific illumination parameter modulation value corresponding to the self-history optimal solution of the ith group of particle data in the kth updating, obtaining by comparing the score values of the illumination parameter modulation values of each updated group and the self-history optimal solution, and if the updated score value is larger than the score value of the self-history optimal solution, taking the updated illumination parameter modulation value as a new self-history optimal solution to be recorded;
Gj(k) representing the particle group historical optimal solution of the jth specific illumination parameter modulation value at the kth updating, and obtaining by comparing the updated illumination parameter modulation values of each group with the score value of the group historical optimal solution;
c1，c2is a constant number r1，r2Random numbers uniformly distributed among intervals (0, 1); w is a weight coefficient; w is amax，wminMaximum and minimum weight coefficients, X (k +1)N*nAnd V (k +1)N*nRepresents a pair of X (k)N*nAnd V (k)N*nThe kth suboptimal update of (1);
k represents the maximum number of updates, ends when K equals K, and outputs Gj(k) The modulation value of the illumination parameter of the optimal solution of the group history recorded in (1) is used as the final output result.
T3, repeating the optimization process described in T1 and T2 four times, and respectively using the evaluation function F2To F5Replace the evaluation function F in T1 one by one1And converting and storing the optimization results into lighting scene lamp regulation and control parameters for users to use.
The optimized result can be stored in the lighting system adopting the lighting control method, the applied lighting system comprises a lighting controller arranged in a room, the lighting controller comprises a control panel and a centralized control host, the centralized control host is used for adjusting and driving the LED lamp groups in the lamps, a user sends an instruction to the centralized control host by operating the control panel, the driving current of the LED lamp groups in the lamps is respectively adjusted according to the lamp adjusting and controlling parameters corresponding to the lighting scene, and the corresponding lighting scene is opened.
Preferably, the lamp control parameter may be a lamp luminous flux or a magnitude of a driving current corresponding to the lamp luminous flux, or may be a magnitude of a driving current corresponding to another parameter such as a lamp color temperature.
Preferably, the magnitude of the drive current may be an absolute value or a percentage value with respect to the rated drive current value.
Preferably, the control panel comprises two identical touch control panels which are respectively arranged in a hotel room entrance hall and a bed head and are connected with the LED lamp bank through the centralized control host, and the LED lamp bank can be adjusted to corresponding brightness through the centralized control host.
The LED lamp group is composed of a plurality of LED lamps with adjustable brightness, and is arranged in the ceiling of the business hotel rooms according to the layout of the business hotel rooms. The optimized five groups of parameters are preset in the centralized control host, and when corresponding scene touch information sent by the control panel is received, the power supply current of the LED lamp set is changed by changing the PWM wave duty ratio of the output end of the corresponding scene lamp according to the corresponding scene lamp regulation and control parameters, so that the on-off control of the preset scene is realized.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the lighting parameters are designed according to the lighting requirements of the commercial hotel, and more targeted one-click scene lighting is provided for a user;
2. five different target scene optimization indexes are provided to meet different use requirements of users, and the method is more humanized;
3. the optimization index meets the lighting requirement of a user, and simultaneously considers the energy consumption index, thereby saving energy and protecting environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a room area of the present patent;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of LED lamps and illumination observation points according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a lamp layout according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the updating of the score value in the patent optimization process according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic layout diagram of the panel and the centralized control host according to the present invention.
The multifunctional table comprises a table surface 1, a writing table 2, a sofa 3, a 4-adjacent area, a background area 5, a washroom 6, a washtable 7, an LED lamp 8, an illumination observation point 9, a centralized control host computer 10, a control panel 11, a lobby 12 and a windowsill 13.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to only these embodiments. The invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
The invention is described in more detail in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are in simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is only used for convenience and clarity to assist in describing the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, in an environment to which the lighting control method for the business hotel rooms is applied, a hotel room with a length, a width and a height of 6m × 4m × 3m is taken as an example, and the business hotel room is divided into a plurality of areas according to use requirements, wherein a bed surface 1, a writing desk 2 and a sofa 3 are areas used by a user more, and are defined as working areas; other parts, areas that the user may use but does not stay for a long time, are listed as adjacent areas 4; the area between the bed surface 1 and the wall of the washroom 6 and the position of the windowsill 13 are listed as a background area 5 because the user generally uses the bed rarely or the requirement on the illumination of the user is low when the bed is used; since the toilet 6 includes the wash stand 7 and has little influence on other areas, the toilet hardly has any influence on the outside when the door is closed, and therefore, the toilet is not included in the scope of research for the time being.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, eight dimmable LED lamps 8 marked as circles with crosses are placed in the guest room, and sixteen illuminance observation points 9 marked as rectangles with crosses are set for observing illuminance distribution in each functional area.
After the area division is finished, mathematical modeling is carried out on the lighting environment of the commercial hotel by referring to relevant standards or suggestions of hotel lighting, and the position and/or the shape of each functional area of a room and the geometric position of each lighting lamp are represented in a world coordinate system; meanwhile, obtaining a light distribution model of each lamp; then, establishing an evaluation function f, and grading the standard reaching degree of the calculated values of the illuminance and the illuminance uniformity of each area relative to a reference value:
f＝w1×u(E1)+w2×u(E2)+w3×u(E3)+w4×u(U1)+w5×u(U2)
wherein E is1Is the horizontal illuminance (unit: lx) of the working plane, and the general reference value is 300, E2For the illumination of the area adjacent to the working plane, the general reference value is 260, E3For background area illumination, a general reference value is 200, U1For the uniformity of the illumination of the working plane, a general reference value is 0.7, U2The general reference value of the illuminance uniformity of the adjacent area of the target working plane is 0.6; w is a1、w2、w3、w4、w5Respectively are the weight coefficients of each index; u () represents the proximity of the calculated value of each index to the reference value, for E1、E2、E3When the calculated value is not equal to the reference value, u () can be represented by:
in the formula, E is a reference value of the corresponding evaluated index, and E' is a calculated value of the illuminance of each area when the lighting fixture illuminates according to the corresponding lighting parameter. For U1、U2When the calculated value is smaller than the reference value, the calculation is performed according to the first ratio formula, otherwise, when the calculated value is larger than the reference value, the calculated value is still regarded as u (), which is 1.
After the establishment of the evaluation function f is completed, the weight coefficient w of the evaluation function f is subjected to an analytic hierarchy process1、w2、w3、w4、w5Performing assignment, and establishing a judgment matrix A according to the number n of the weight coefficientsn*nFilling the comparison matrix with two integers from 1 to 9, wherein the numerical value represents the importance degree of the index corresponding to the corresponding row weight item compared with the index corresponding to the corresponding column weight item (1 is the same importance, a is the same importance of both items)ijIs the importance ratio of the ith weight term to the jth weight term, such as aijLess than 1 indicates that the latter j is more important than the former i). Without loss of generality, matrix An*nThe numerical values of the elements are given by subjective evaluation, and the values are as follows:
wherein, the rows 1 to 5 and the columns 1 to 5 respectively correspond to the optimization index E1、E2、E3、U1、U2. Element a12A value of 5 means that the filling decision considers E1Is more important than E2(ii) a With some independence between elements, e.g. E2And E3Should not be bound by element a12And a13The ratio of (a) to (b) is determined. Then, the matrix A is divided into5*5And substituting into a geometric mean equation to determine specific numerical values of the weight coefficients, wherein the geometric mean equation is as follows:
the weight coefficient of each index can be obtained as follows:
the illuminance distribution desired by the occupant varies with the lighting scene requirements. Therefore, in the aboveOn the basis of the standard degree score, the corresponding adjustment of the score calculation formula is needed to reflect the optimization requirement of the parameter index corresponding to the specific scene. According to different using requirements of guest room use, five scenes such as energy conservation, guest reception, entertainment, office work, leisure reading and the like are determined to be used as optimization target scenes so as to promote the check-in experience of the check-in person. For different scenes, respectively supplementing F according to the scene demand characteristics to establish a new evaluation function F1To F5In this case, the reference values cited in the indexes can be adjusted based on the general reference values, and the weight coefficients of the indexes can be re-assigned according to the preference.
Firstly, for the energy-saving index, the corresponding evaluation function F is required to reduce the overall energy consumption of the lamp as much as possible1Expressed as:
wherein P (i) is the power consumption of the ith lamp, and it can be seen that the smaller P (i), the smaller the evaluation function F1The higher the value of (a).
Secondly, aiming at an office scene, for a user needing to work, an office area is mainly concentrated in a writing desk area, in order to achieve the best working illumination effect, the illumination intensity and the illumination intensity uniformity of the writing desk are required to meet reference conditions as much as possible, and a new evaluation function F is used at the moment2Can be expressed as:
in the formula, E11Indicating the level of illumination, U, of the table in the writing desk area11Representing the uniformity of the illumination of the table in the area of the writing table, q1、q2、k1、k2、k3The values of the weight coefficients of the corresponding terms can be obtained by an analytic hierarchy process.
In the formula, E11Representing the level of illumination of the table surface in the area of the writing table, its reference valueTaking the value as 320; u shape11The uniformity of the desktop illuminance in the writing table area is represented, and the reference value is 0.7; q. q.s1、q2、k1、k2、k3The values of the weight coefficients of the corresponding terms can also be obtained by an analytic hierarchy process, and the values can be respectively 0.45, 0.55, 0.27, 0.46 and 0.27 without loss of generality.
Thirdly, aiming at the scene of meeting, regarding the evaluation index, the scene focuses more on the whole brightness and the illumination uniformity in the area, so that the illumination reference value in each area is uniformly set to be a fixed value such as 350lx, and the illumination uniformity reference value is set to be a fixed value such as 0.6, so as to create a bright and comfortable lighting atmosphere, and the new evaluation function F is used at the time3Expressed as:
by increasing the weighting factor k1Is taken to be k1＞k2To increase the overall illumination and uniformity of illumination required during the evaluation. Realigning w by analytic hierarchy process1、w2、w3、w4、w5、k1、k2Assigned values are 0.2765, 0.2559, 0.0999, 0.2765, 0.0922, 0.71, 0.29, respectively.
Fourthly, an entertainment scene is mainly suitable for being used when a user is positioned on a bed surface to use a mobile phone or a television, the background and the adjacent area are required to be low in illumination brightness, the illumination reference value can be set to be 150lx, and a new evaluation function F is used at the moment4Expressed as:
wherein E is12Indicating the horizontal illuminance outside the desk in the work area, q1、q2、q3、k1、k2、k3Is the weight coefficient of the corresponding term. According to the analytic hierarchy process, at this time, w1、w2、w3、w4、w5、q1、q2、q3、k1、k2、k3Assigned values of 0.2765, 0.2559, 0.2765, 0.0999, 0.0922, 0.27, 0.39, 0.34, 0.37, 0.41, 0.12, respectively.
Fifthly, the leisure reading scene is mainly used for reading books in the bedside or sofa area of a user, the brightness of m lamps near the bedside is required to be high, and a new evaluation function F is obtained at the moment5Expressed as:
in the formula ItRespectively, the brightness of the tth lamp near the head of the bed, qtRepresenting their respective weight coefficients; k is a radical of1、k2、k3Is the weight coefficient of the corresponding term.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, three lamps f, g, and h near the bedside are required to have high brightness during leisure reading. According to the analytic hierarchy process, at this time, w1、w2、w3、w4、w5、q1、q2、q3、k1、k2、k30.1338, 0.0933, 0.0780, 0.3662, 0.3286, 0.33, 0.37, 0.41, 0.12, respectively.
Evaluation function F1To F5After the establishment is finished, optimizing the lamp parameters, namely the lighting parameters or the modulation values thereof by adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and respectively using an evaluation function F in the optimization process1To F5Each particle within the population was evaluated.
The particle swarm optimization algorithm is an effective intelligent search algorithm, is widely applied to the optimal value searching application of various discrete points, and has the advantages of strong optimization capability, higher flexibility of the implementation method and wide application field. The basic principle can be regarded as a group of particles in a search space, and the positions of the particles are possible values of the optimal value of the optimized index. By tracking the position change of the particles, the optimal solution Pbest of the particles and the optimal solution Gbest of the group are searched, and the positions of the particles are adjusted according to the two indexes.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, eight dimmable LED lamps 8, namely, lamps a to h, are placed in a guest room, a certain brand of LED bulbs are used, the rated power is 15W, the theoretical illuminance is 1600lm, the arrangement positions are placed according to the original lamp holder positions of the commercial hotel, sixteen illuminance observation points 9 are arranged, and the illuminance observation points 9 are selected to be located at the vertical central line or the horizontal central line of each area as far as possible and are distributed at equal intervals. Illumination observation points can be added as needed.
The light distribution model of the luminaire, preferably validated, can be obtained using actual individual lighting experiments if there is no prior model. And measuring the light emitting parameters of each lamp through an independent lighting experiment, and establishing a light distribution model of each lamp. Then, according to the light distribution model of the lamp, the relative positions of the lamp and the sampling point in the world coordinate system, calculating: the illuminance of each sampling point in the space of the eight dimmable LED lamps 8 is under the state of a specific lamp parameter, namely, a modulation value of an illumination parameter. The sampling points are more than four in each divided area, so that the illuminance and the illuminance uniformity of each area can be obtained, and the grading value of the modulation value of the illumination parameter can be calculated.
Optimizing lamp parameters by adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and respectively using an evaluation function F1To F5The optimization result is evaluated as F, and the flow is as follows:
t1, random generating set X (1)50*8Which represents eight lamps in a room, the particle swarm being 50 groups in size, each element xij(1) I groups of particle initial lighting parameter modulation values representing lamps j in the room;
calculating the illumination distribution of each area of the hotel room when each lamp illuminates according to the current illumination parameter modulation value for all 8 lamps corresponding to the ith group of particles according to the light distribution model, and evaluating the illumination effect corresponding to the ith group of particles by adopting a current evaluation function F;
and the illuminance of each area is taken according to the average illuminance value of all sampling points in the area, and the illuminance uniformity is calculated according to the illuminance of the sampling points:
illuminance uniformity (minimum illuminance value/average illuminance value)
The illumination value corresponding relation of each sampling point is as follows:
EjPthe horizontal illumination of any point P of a lamp j in an illumination space is shown, and L and H are distances between the point P and the lamp in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction respectively; i isθThe light intensity in the theta direction when the total luminous flux of the lamp is 1000lm is shown, and K is a maintenance coefficient; phi is the actual luminous flux of the lamp, i.e. set X (1)50*8Each element x inij(1) A corresponding illumination parameter modulation value;
respectively obtaining the initial score value of the modulation value vector of the illumination parameter of each particle group according to the evaluation function, taking the initial score value as the initial score value of the self-history optimal solution, and recording the modulation value vector of the illumination parameter;
simultaneously, recording the maximum value of the initial score values of all the N groups of particles as the initial score value of the optimal solution of the group history, and recording the modulation value vector of the illumination parameter, wherein the updating time k is 1;
t2, in the particle swarm optimization process, each element xij() All correspond to a change value vij() Element vij() Represents the modulation value x of the corresponding luminaire j at its lighting parameterij() On the basis of (2), v is required to be carried outij() In order to ensure its effectiveness, vij() The value interval should not be larger than xij() 10% of the maximum value that can be taken; if changed xij() Greater than xij() The maximum value that can be taken, then xij() Still take its maximum value;
randomly generating set V (k)50*8Each element of which represents a collection X (k)50*8The change value of each element is adopted, and the following formula is adopted for V (k)50*8And X (k)50*8And (4) carrying out multiple updates:
vij(k+1)＝wvij(k)+c1r1(Pij(k)-xij(k))+c2r2(Gj(k)-xij(k))
xij(k+1)＝xij(k)+vij(k+1)
wherein k is the current updating times; pij(k) Representing the ith specific illumination parameter modulation value corresponding to the self-history optimal solution of the ith group of particle data in the kth updating, obtaining by comparing the score values of the illumination parameter modulation values of each updated group and the self-history optimal solution, and if the updated score value is larger than the score value of the self-history optimal solution, taking the updated illumination parameter modulation value as a new self-history optimal solution to be recorded;
Gj(k) representing the particle group history optimal solution of the jth specific illumination parameter modulation value during the kth updating, obtaining by comparing the updated group of illumination parameter modulation values with the score value of the group history optimal solution, and if the updated group of score values is larger than the score value of the group history optimal solution, taking the updated group of illumination parameter modulation values as a new group history optimal solution for recording; (ii) a
c1，c2Is a constant generally taken as 2.05, r1，r2Random numbers uniformly distributed between the intervals (0, 1) can be obtained by a random number generation function; w is a weight coefficient, wmax，wminThe weight coefficient maximum and minimum values are respectively, and are generally 0.9 and 0.5 respectively.
X(k+1)i*nAnd V (k +1)i*nExpression pair X (1)i*nAnd V (1)i*nThe kth sub-optimal result of (1). K represents the maximum number of updates, ends when K equals K, and outputs Gi(k) The modulation value of the illumination parameter of the optimal solution of the group history recorded in (1) is used as the final output result.
The optimization process described in T1, T2 was repeated four times, wherein T1 replaces 1 with k and skips the initial stepThe random generation process is started, and then the evaluation function F is used2To F5Replace the evaluation function F in T1 one by one1And converting and storing the optimization results into lighting scene lamp regulation and control parameters for users to use.
The schematic diagram of updating the score value in the particle swarm optimization process shown in fig. 4 is an example of energy-saving index optimization. As can be seen from fig. 4, the evaluation function F is evaluated as the number of updates gradually approaches the maximum number of updates K1And (4) value taking, namely gradually converging the evaluation value of the optimal solution corresponding to the group history, and finishing optimization. In an energy-saving scene, the obtained group history optimal solution corresponds to the lighting parameter modulation values (luminous flux) of the lamps a to h as follows: 270, 663, 988, 1016, 1020, 942, 954, 1000 (lm).
As shown in fig. 5 and 3, after the five groups of lighting scenes are completely optimized, the LED lamp groups are controlled by the control panel 11 and the centralized control host 10 arranged in the rooms of the business hotel. The control panel 11 comprises two identical touch control panels, which are respectively arranged on the hotel room entrance 12 and the right wall of the bed surface 1. The control panel 11 is a touch screen, a scene opening key is arranged on the interface of the control panel, after the key is clicked, the centralized control host 10 is used for respectively adjusting the driving current of each LED lamp according to the lamp regulation and control parameters corresponding to the lighting scene, and then the corresponding lighting scene is opened.
The lamp control parameter may be the lamp luminous flux or the magnitude of the driving current corresponding to the lamp luminous flux, and the magnitude of the driving current may be an absolute value or a percentage value relative to a rated driving current value. Assuming that the luminous flux of the LED lamp is in direct proportion to the driving current, the lamp control parameters obtained by optimizing different scenes are mapped to the duty ratio of the driving current PWM wave and stored in the centralized control host 10. When the control panel 11 receives the scene touch information, a scene switching instruction is sent to the centralized control host 10, the centralized control host 10 obtains a driving current PWM wave duty ratio corresponding to a scene, changes the driving current, and changes the power supply current of the dimmable LED lamps respectively, thereby realizing switching of a preset scene.
Understandably, particle swarm optimizationIn the process, each lamp can have a plurality of lighting parameter modulation values, such as brightness, color temperature, color and the like, namely, a plurality of elements x can be used in the particle swarmij() To represent i groups of particle lighting parameter modulation values for a certain luminaire in the room.
The above-described embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the above-described embodiments should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. A lighting control method for guest rooms of a business hotel comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing a commercial hotel room into a plurality of areas according to use requirements, grading the standard reaching degree of the calculated values of the illuminance and the illuminance uniformity of each area relative to a preset reference value based on the position and/or shape of each area and the light distribution model of each lamp in the room, and establishing an evaluation function;
s2, optimizing the lighting parameter modulation value of each lamp in the guest room based on the evaluation function value by adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm,
the particle swarm optimization algorithm takes the illumination parameter modulation value of each lamp in a room as an element to form a particle swarm, and updates the illumination parameter modulation value of the group history optimal solution according to the grading iteration, and the illumination parameter modulation value is used as the final optimization result;
and S3, arranging an illumination controller in the room, wherein the illumination controller comprises a control panel and a centralized control host, the centralized control host is used for adjusting and driving the LED lamp groups in the lamps, a user sends an instruction to the centralized control host by operating the control panel, the driving current of the LED lamp groups in each lamp is respectively adjusted according to the illumination parameter modulation value obtained in the step S2, and the LED lamp groups are adjusted to corresponding brightness.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the evaluation function is further supplemented according to the lighting scene usage requirement of the lighting of the hotel;
in step S2, the optimization result is further converted and stored as a lamp control parameter of the lighting scene for a user to use;
in step S3, the user may send an instruction to the centralized control host by operating the control panel, and adjust the driving currents of the LED lamp groups in the lamps according to the lamp control parameters of the lighting scene in step S2, so as to turn on the lighting scene.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the centralized control host presets the optimized result parameters for a plurality of lighting scenes, respectively, converts the lighting parameter modulation values thereof into corresponding PWM wave duty ratio values, and changes the power supply current of each lamp of the LED lamp set through the PWM wave to realize on-off control of the preset scenes when receiving the corresponding scene touch information from the control panel.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises: dividing the business hotel guest room into three areas, namely a working area, an adjacent area and a background area, according to the using frequency of the business hotel guest room, wherein more areas are used by users such as a bed surface, a writing desk, a sofa and the like, and are defined as the working area; areas which are possibly used by other users but can not stay for a long time are listed as areas adjacent to the working plane; the area between the bed surface and the wall of the toilet and the position of the windowsill are listed as a background area;
meanwhile, the illuminance and the uniformity of the illuminance of each area are used as main indexes, and an evaluation function f is established:
f＝w1×u(E1)+w2×u(E2)+w3×u(E3)+w4×u(U1)+w5×u(U2)
wherein E is1For horizontal illuminance of the working plane, E2Illuminance of the vicinity of the working plane, E3As background area illumination, U1For uniformity of illumination of the working plane, U2As the proximity of the working planeDomain illumination uniformity; w is a1、w2、w3、w4、w5Respectively are the weight coefficients of each index; u () represents the degree of closeness between the calculated value obtained from the luminaire light distribution model and the reference value for each index, for E1、E2、E3When the calculated value is equal to the reference value, u (), 1;
after the establishment of the evaluation function f is completed, adopting an analytic hierarchy process to carry out analysis on each weight coefficient w1、w2、w3、w4、w5And (4) carrying out assignment, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
firstly, a judgment matrix A is established according to the number n of weight coefficientsN*nAnd using the interval [1, 9 ]]The comparison matrix of the two integers is filled, the value of each element represents the importance degree of the index corresponding to the corresponding row weight item compared with the index corresponding to the corresponding row weight item, and the value can be a subjective evaluation result or a statistical result obtained through sample investigation;
then, the matrix A is divided intoN*nAnd substituting into a geometric mean equation to determine specific numerical values of the weight coefficients, wherein the geometric mean equation is as follows:
5. the method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step S2 comprises: supplementing the evaluation function f in the step S1 according to the use requirement of the fully-opened lighting scene of the hotel lamp, wherein the supplement content is as follows:
the energy conservation of lamp lighting is taken as an optimization target, the evaluation function F is supplemented, the energy consumption of the lamp is reduced to the minimum while the indexes of illumination and illumination uniformity are ensured in each working area, and if n lamps are in the room, a new evaluation function F is adopted1Can be expressed as:
where P (i) is the power consumption of the ith lamp.
6. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step S2 comprises: the evaluation function f in step S1 is supplemented according to the usage requirement of the lighting scene of the hotel office, and the supplementary contents are as follows:
aiming at office scenes, the illumination and the illumination uniformity of the writing desk are required to meet reference conditions as much as possible, and a new evaluation function F is required at the moment2Can be expressed as:
in the formula, E11Indicating the level of illumination, U, of the table in the writing desk area11Representing the uniformity of the illumination of the table in the area of the writing table, q1、q2、k1、k2、k3The values of the weight coefficients of the corresponding terms can be obtained by an analytic hierarchy process.
7. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step S2 comprises: the evaluation function f in step S1 is supplemented according to the lighting scene usage requirement of the hotel guest, and the supplement content is as follows:
aiming at the meeting scene, the whole brightness and the illuminance uniformity in the area are required to be closer, the illuminance reference value in each area is uniformly set to be a fixed value, the illuminance uniformity reference value is set to be a fixed value, and a new evaluation function F is adopted3Expressed as:
in the formula, k1、k2The values of the weight coefficients of the corresponding terms can be obtained by an analytic hierarchy process.
8. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step S2 comprises: the evaluation function f in step S1 is supplemented according to the usage requirement of the lighting scene of the hotel entertainment, and the supplementary contents are as follows:
for entertainment scenes, a new evaluation function F is required at the time of low illumination intensity of the background and the adjacent areas4Expressed as:
in the formula, E12Indicating the horizontal illuminance outside the desk in the work area, q1、q2、q3、k1、k2、k3The values of the weight coefficients of the corresponding terms can be obtained by an analytic hierarchy process.
9. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step S2 comprises: the evaluation function f in step S1 is supplemented according to the lighting scene usage requirement for leisure reading of the hotel, and the supplement contents are as follows:
aiming at leisure reading scenes, m lamps near the bedside are required to have higher brightness, and a new evaluation function F is required at the moment5Expressed as:
in the formula ItRespectively, the brightness of the tth lamp near the head of the bed, qtRepresenting their respective weight coefficients; k is a radical of1、k2、k3The value of each weight coefficient, which is the weight coefficient of the corresponding term, can be obtained by an analytic hierarchy process.
10. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the lighting control method is applied to a room of a commercial hotelIn the particle swarm optimization process of step S2, each luminaire may have a plurality of lighting parameter modulation values, such as brightness, color temperature, color, etc., that is, a plurality of elements x may be used in the particle swarmij() To represent the i-th set of particle lighting parameter modulation values for a certain luminaire j in the room.
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