CN112689261A - Control system for VHF radio electric safety net - Google Patents

Control system for VHF radio electric safety net Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112689261A
CN112689261A CN202110085945.8A CN202110085945A CN112689261A CN 112689261 A CN112689261 A CN 112689261A CN 202110085945 A CN202110085945 A CN 202110085945A CN 112689261 A CN112689261 A CN 112689261A
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safety net
module
helicopter
vhf
component
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CN112689261B (en
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范其国
胡广鹏
柳海洲
程学庆
孙汉
王君豪
廖建方
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Shanghai Zhijiu Aviation Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Zhijiu Aviation Technology Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a VHF radio electric safety net control system, which comprises required equipment, a high-frequency communication component, an electric safety net body, a monitoring station, a navigation aid equipment control cabinet and a wireless network connection unit, wherein the high-frequency communication component comprises a VHF wireless microphone, a signal sending component, a network connection component and a voice transmission system module, the electric safety net body is in a surrounding type assembly structure at the periphery of an apron, the monitoring station comprises a signal receiving component, a voice recognition module, an information processing module, an instruction control module and an execution control module, the navigation aid equipment control comprises a civil aviation control station and a communication component, and the wireless network connection unit comprises a wireless Internet of things gateway, a router and a network server. This VHF radio electronic safety net control system through placing basic unit in under the same network environment jointly, makes whole stable internet ally oneself with the state altogether of realizing, can effectively ensure whole communication device's signal receiving and dispatching smoothness nature.

Description

Control system for VHF radio electric safety net
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of helicopter control, in particular to a control system of a VHF radio electric safety net.
Background
The helicopter belongs to small-sized flight traffic and military tools, and a safety net is a safety protection device required to be equipped on a helicopter apron and generally needs a system to control the normal starting and closing of the helicopter apron.
The control system who has been used for helicopter electronic safety net adopts effective communication control system or long-range manual control mechanism mostly, whole stability in use can't obtain the effective guarantee of better degree in normal use work, so that holistic use work efficiency has received the restriction of great degree, and because wired communication's self frequency is lower, be the frequency that helps the navigation equipment switch board, the normal use at local civil aviation transport airport is influenced seriously easily in the communication control process, so that holistic suitability is comparatively general, and correspondingly make helicopter departure control work have great risk.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a VHF radio electric safety net control system, which aims to solve the problems that the prior art provides a VHF radio electric safety net control system which is inconvenient to continuously and stably control and easily influences the normal use of a local civil aviation transport airport in the using process, so that the overall use risk is high.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: VHF radio electronic safety net control system, required equipment include high frequency communication subassembly, electronic safety net body, monitoring station, aid boat equipment switch board and wireless network connection unit, the high frequency communication subassembly comprises VHF wireless microphone, signalling subassembly, network connection subassembly and voice transmission system module, electronic safety net body is surrounding type assembly structure at the air park periphery, the monitoring station comprises signal reception subassembly, speech recognition module, information processing module, instruction control module and execution control module, aid boat equipment control comprises civil aviation control cabinet and communication subassembly, wireless network connection unit comprises wireless thing networking gateway, router and network server, and required equipment constitutes VHF radio electronic safety net control system through following step.
The method comprises the following steps: the system equipment layout is preferably provided with a wireless network connecting unit, the wireless Internet of things gateway, the router and the network server are stably assembled at specified positions and are mutually associated, a public wireless network environment is created, the high-frequency communication component, the electric safety net body and the monitoring station are all positioned in the wireless network environment, the network common-connection relation between the high-frequency communication component and the monitoring station is realized, the VHF wireless microphone, the signal sending component, the network connecting component and the voice transmission system module in the high-frequency communication component are mutually associated, and basic test work is carried out on the transmission and receiving work of the sound simulation signals of the VHF wireless microphone by utilizing the mutual association relation between the signal sending component and the signal receiving component in the monitoring station.
Step two: the method comprises the steps of establishing a basic framework, correspondingly and stably assembling a signal receiving assembly, a voice recognition module, an information processing module, an instruction control module and an execution control module inside a monitoring station, configuring the signal receiving assembly, the voice recognition module, the information processing module, the instruction control module and the execution control module inside the same working unit, ensuring smooth communication between the monitoring station and a high-frequency communication assembly, stably assembling an electric safety net body around the outer part of a helicopter parking apron, ensuring normal use of civil aviation by using a civil aviation control station and the communication assembly of a navigation aid equipment control cabinet, and completing establishment of the basic framework.
Step three: the electric safety net system of the helicopter is automatically opened by using the VHF wireless microphone, the wireless frequency of the VHF wireless microphone is different from the frequency of a control cabinet of an aid-to-navigation device, and the normal use of a local civil transport airport can not be influenced.
Step four: the opened safety net is converted from a normal vertical state to a horizontal state, so that the helicopter can realize normal passage, the instruction control module and the execution control module can execute the information which is received and processed by the signal receiving component, the voice recognition module and the information processing module in a control mode, and has the function of timing automatic closing, the electric safety net is automatically closed within a certain time when being opened, the opening and closing time can be properly adjusted, related personnel can stay on the apron, under the starting state of the helicopter, the professional personnel must be outside the safety area, when the helicopter leaves the field, the electric safety network system needs to be opened again through the wireless microphone to ensure that the helicopter is in a flat state, the helicopter leaves the field safely, and further, the stable and smooth on-off control operation of the power grid system can be realized, and the allocation and the application of the whole system are completed.
Preferably, high frequency communication subassembly, electronic safety net body, monitoring station, aid to navigation equipment switch board and wireless network connection unit between correlation each other, and the whole integral type wireless network connection type communication equipment that comprises VHF wireless microphone, signalling subassembly, network connection subassembly and voice transmission system module of high frequency communication subassembly, VHF wireless microphone utilizes signalling subassembly, network connection subassembly and voice transmission system module and monitoring station to pass through the network connection unit and realizes the internet and ally oneself with the state altogether.
Preferably, the signal receiving assembly, the voice recognition module, the information processing module, the instruction control module and the execution control module in the monitoring station are all in parallel connection, the signal sending assembly and the signal receiving assembly are mutually related, and the signal and data transmission work among the signal sending assembly and the signal receiving assembly is realized through network signals of a wireless network connection unit.
Preferably, the voice transmission system module and the voice recognition module are in mutual communication relevance, and the instruction control module and the execution control module are internally provided with a timing function unit, so that the closing time of the power grid system after starting can be properly set and adjusted.
Preferably, the final purpose of the first step is to implement basic creation of a system framework through basic layout of equipment, and the implementation manner is to perform stable assembly work at a specified position, and implement mutual association, create a public wireless network environment, so that the high-frequency communication component, the electric safety net body and the monitoring console are all in the wireless network environment, implement network co-connection relationship between the high-frequency communication component and the monitoring console, and implement mutual association between the VHF wireless microphone, the signal sending component, the network connection component and the voice transmission system module in the high-frequency communication component, so that the effect that the VHF wireless microphone and the monitoring console can perform transmission and reception work of the voice analog signal by using the mutual association relationship between the signal sending component and the signal receiving component in the monitoring console can be achieved.
Preferably, the final purpose of the second step is to further improve the basic framework constructed in the first step, and the specific implementation manner is to correspondingly and stably assemble the signal receiving component, the voice recognition module, the information processing module, the instruction control module and the execution control module in the monitoring console, and configure the signal receiving component, the voice recognition module, the information processing module, the instruction control module and the execution control module in the same working unit, so as to ensure smooth communication between the monitoring console and the high-frequency communication component, and the achieved effect is that the high-frequency communication component has a better control effect, and can realize more stable safety net starting control work under the condition of avoiding external interference.
Preferably, the final purpose of the third step is to determine the overall feasibility of the system architecture after the system architecture is created, and the specific implementation manner is to assemble a high-frequency communication component inside the helicopter and perform voice control through a VHF wireless microphone to realize automatic switching of the power grid control system, so that when a driver is on the helicopter or a ground service staff of the helicopter is in the final stage of visual approach of the helicopter, the electric safety network system of the helicopter is automatically switched on through the VHF wireless microphone, and the use effect of stably controlling the whole system in the most convenient manner can be achieved.
Preferably, the layout and framework creation order of the first step and the second step cannot be exchanged, otherwise, the overall feasibility of the whole safety net control system implementation scheme is damaged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: this VHF radio electronic safety net control system, through arranging basic unit under the same network environment in jointly, make whole stable internet of realization ally oneself with the state altogether, can effectively ensure whole communication device's signal receiving and dispatching smoothness nature, and through adopting wireless high frequency communication technique, make whole to helicopter safety net control work can not influence local civil aviation transport airport normal use, can effectively get rid of the interference, holistic result of use has been promoted, simultaneously can adjust the timing mechanism of settlement to the self-closing time through at the inside outfit of integral control mechanism, the at utmost has promoted the holistic control efficiency of this system, be favorable to more stable assurance helicopter safety departure, it is minimum to fall to the operational risk.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system deployment structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control flow structure according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: VHF radio electronic safety net control system, include required equipment including high frequency communication subassembly, electronic safety net body, monitoring station, aid boat equipment switch board and wireless network connection unit, the high frequency communication subassembly comprises VHF wireless microphone, signalling subassembly, network connection subassembly and voice transmission system module, electronic safety net body is surrounding type assembly structure at the air park periphery, the monitoring station comprises signal reception subassembly, speech recognition module, information processing module, instruction control module and execution control module, aid boat equipment control comprises civil aviation control platform and communication subassembly, wireless network connection unit comprises wireless thing networking gateway, router and network server, and required equipment constitutes VHF radio electronic safety net control system through following step.
The method comprises the following steps: the system equipment layout is preferably provided with a wireless network connecting unit, the wireless Internet of things gateway, the router and the network server are stably assembled at specified positions and are mutually associated, a public wireless network environment is created, the high-frequency communication component, the electric safety net body and the monitoring station are all positioned in the wireless network environment, the network common-connection relation between the high-frequency communication component and the monitoring station is realized, the VHF wireless microphone, the signal sending component, the network connecting component and the voice transmission system module in the high-frequency communication component are mutually associated, and basic test work is carried out on the transmission and receiving work of the sound simulation signals of the VHF wireless microphone by utilizing the mutual association relation between the signal sending component and the signal receiving component in the monitoring station.
Step two: the method comprises the steps of establishing a basic framework, correspondingly and stably assembling a signal receiving assembly, a voice recognition module, an information processing module, an instruction control module and an execution control module inside a monitoring station, configuring the signal receiving assembly, the voice recognition module, the information processing module, the instruction control module and the execution control module inside the same working unit, ensuring smooth communication between the monitoring station and a high-frequency communication assembly, stably assembling an electric safety net body around the outer part of a helicopter parking apron, ensuring normal use of civil aviation by using a civil aviation control station and the communication assembly of a navigation aid equipment control cabinet, and completing establishment of the basic framework.
Step three: the electric safety net system of the helicopter is automatically opened by using the VHF wireless microphone, the wireless frequency of the VHF wireless microphone is different from the frequency of a control cabinet of an aid-to-navigation device, and the normal use of a local civil transport airport can not be influenced.
Step four: the opened safety net is converted from a normal vertical state to a horizontal state, so that the helicopter can realize normal passage, the instruction control module and the execution control module can execute the information which is received and processed by the signal receiving component, the voice recognition module and the information processing module in a control mode, and has the function of timing automatic closing, the electric safety net is automatically closed within a certain time when being opened, the opening and closing time can be properly adjusted, related personnel can stay on the apron, under the starting state of the helicopter, the professional personnel must be outside the safety area, when the helicopter leaves the field, the electric safety network system needs to be opened again through the wireless microphone to ensure that the helicopter is in a flat state, the helicopter leaves the field safely, and further, the stable and smooth on-off control operation of the power grid system can be realized, and the allocation and the application of the whole system are completed.
Further, high frequency communication subassembly, electronic safety net body, monitoring station, aid navigation equipment switch board and wireless network connection unit between correlation each other, and the whole integral type wireless network connection type communication equipment that comprises VHF wireless microphone, signalling subassembly, network connection subassembly and voice transmission system module of high frequency communication subassembly, VHF wireless microphone utilizes signalling subassembly, network connection subassembly and voice transmission system module and monitoring station to pass through the network connection unit and realizes the internet and ally oneself with the state altogether.
Furthermore, the signal receiving assembly, the voice recognition module, the information processing module, the instruction control module and the execution control module in the monitoring station are all in parallel connection, the signal sending assembly and the signal receiving assembly are mutually related, and the signal and data transmission work among the signal sending assembly and the signal receiving assembly is realized through network signals of the wireless network connection unit.
Furthermore, the voice transmission system module and the voice recognition module are in mutual communication relevance, and the instruction control module and the execution control module are internally provided with a timing function unit, so that the closing time of the power grid system after starting can be properly set and adjusted.
Further, the final purpose of the first step is to realize the basic establishment of the system framework through the basic layout of the equipment, the implementation method is to perform stable assembly work at a specified position, realize mutual association and establish a public wireless network environment, so that the high-frequency communication component, the electric safety net body and the monitoring console are all in the wireless network environment, the network co-connection relation between the high-frequency communication component and the monitoring console is realized, the mutual association among the VHF wireless microphone, the signal sending component, the network connection component and the voice transmission system module in the high-frequency communication component is realized, and the effect which can be achieved is to utilize the mutual association relation between the signal sending component and the signal receiving component in the monitoring console to perform the transmission and receiving work of the voice simulation signals between the VHF wireless microphone and the monitoring console.
Further, the final purpose of the second step is to further improve the basic framework constructed in the first step, and the specific implementation manner is to correspondingly and stably assemble the signal receiving component, the voice recognition module, the information processing module, the instruction control module and the execution control module in the monitoring console, and configure the signal receiving component, the voice recognition module, the information processing module, the instruction control module and the execution control module in the same working unit together, so as to ensure smooth communication between the monitoring console and the high-frequency communication component, and the high-frequency communication component has a better control effect, so that stable safety net starting control work can be realized under the condition of avoiding external interference.
Furthermore, the final purpose of the third step is to determine the overall feasibility of the system architecture after the system architecture is created, and the specific implementation manner is to assemble a high-frequency communication component inside the helicopter and perform voice control through a VHF wireless microphone to realize automatic switching of the power grid control system.
Furthermore, the sequence of the layout and the framework creation of the first step and the second step cannot be exchanged, otherwise, the overall feasibility of the implementation scheme of the overall safety net control system is damaged, and the stability of the implementation scheme of the overall system can be effectively ensured according to the sequential steps.
The working principle is as follows: firstly, system equipment layout is carried out, a wireless network connecting unit is preferably equipped, a wireless internet of things gateway, a router and a network server are stably assembled at a designated position and are mutually associated, a public wireless network environment is created, a high-frequency communication component, an electric safety net body and a monitoring station are all in the wireless network environment, the network common connection relation between the high-frequency communication component and the monitoring station is realized, a VHF wireless microphone, a signal sending component, a network connecting component and a voice transmission system module in the high-frequency communication component are mutually associated, the transmission and receiving work of sound simulation signals is carried out on the VHF wireless microphone by utilizing the mutual association relation between the signal sending component and a signal receiving component in the monitoring station, then a basic framework is created, and the signal receiving component, the voice recognition module, the information processing module, the voice recognition module and the information processing module are connected with each other through the wireless internet of, The instruction control module and the execution control module are correspondingly and stably assembled inside the monitoring station, the signal receiving component, the voice recognition module, the information processing module, the instruction control module and the execution control module are jointly arranged inside the same working machine set to ensure smooth communication between the monitoring station and the high-frequency communication component, the electric safety net body is stably assembled around the outer part of the helicopter apron, the civil aviation control station and the communication component of the navigational aid control cabinet ensure the normal use of civil aviation, the establishment of a basic framework is completed, the whole body is put into use after the framework is established, the high-frequency communication component is assembled inside the helicopter, the voice control is carried out through a VHF wireless microphone to realize the automatic switch of the electric network control system, when a driver is on the helicopter or the ground service personnel of the helicopter apron, in the final stage of visual approach of the helicopter, the electric safety network system of the helicopter apron is automatically opened through the VHF wireless microphone, the wireless frequency of the VHF wireless microphone is different from the frequency of a control cabinet of the navigation aid equipment, the normal use of a local civil aviation transport airport is not influenced, the opened safety net is converted from a normal vertical state to a horizontal state, so that the helicopter can normally pass, the instruction control module and the execution control module can execute the information which is received and processed by the signal receiving component, the voice recognition module and the information processing module in a control mode and have a timing automatic closing function, the electric safety net is automatically closed within a certain time when being opened, the opening and closing time can be properly adjusted, related personnel can stay on the airport, in the starting state of the helicopter, professionals are necessarily located outside a safety area, the electric safety net system is required to be opened again to be in the horizontal state when the helicopter leaves the airport, and the safe departure of the helicopter is ensured, and further, the stable and smooth on-off control operation of the power grid system can be realized, and the allocation and the application of the whole system are completed.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned contents are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and that the simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (8)

  1. VHF radio electronic safety net control system, required equipment include high frequency communication subassembly, electronic safety net body, monitoring station, aid to navigation equipment switch board and wireless network connection unit, its characterized in that: high-frequency communication subassembly comprises VHF wireless microphone, signalling subassembly, network connection subassembly and speech transmission system module, electronic safety net body is surrounding type assembly structure at the air park periphery, the monitoring station comprises signal reception subassembly, speech recognition module, information processing module, instruction control module and execution control module, the navigation aid equipment control comprises civil aviation control cabinet and communication subassembly, wireless network connection unit comprises wireless thing networking gateway, router and web server, and required equipment constitutes VHF radio electronic safety net control system through following step:
    the method comprises the following steps: the system equipment layout is preferably provided with a wireless network connecting unit, the wireless Internet of things gateway, the router and the network server are stably assembled at specified positions and are mutually associated, a public wireless network environment is created, the high-frequency communication component, the electric safety net body and the monitoring station are all positioned in the wireless network environment, the network common-connection relation between the high-frequency communication component and the monitoring station is realized, the mutual association among the VHF wireless microphone, the signal sending component, the network connecting component and the voice transmission system module in the high-frequency communication component is realized, and the basic test work is carried out on the transmission and receiving work of the sound simulation signals of the VHF wireless microphone by utilizing the mutual association relation between the signal sending component and the signal receiving component in the monitoring station;
    step two: establishing a basic framework, correspondingly and stably assembling a signal receiving component, a voice recognition module, an information processing module, an instruction control module and an execution control module in a monitoring console, and jointly configuring the signal receiving component, the voice recognition module, the information processing module, the instruction control module and the execution control module in the same working unit, so as to ensure smooth communication between the monitoring console and a high-frequency communication component, stably assembling an electric safety net body around the outer part of a helicopter parking apron, ensuring normal use of civil aviation by using a civil aviation console and a communication component of a navigation aid equipment control cabinet, and completing the establishment of the basic framework;
    step three: the method is used, the high-frequency communication component is assembled inside the helicopter, voice control is carried out through the VHF wireless microphone, automatic switching of the power grid control system is achieved, when a driver is on the helicopter or ground service personnel on the helicopter are in the final stage of visual approach of the helicopter, the electric safety network system of the helicopter is automatically switched on through the VHF wireless microphone, the wireless frequency of the VHF wireless microphone is different from that of a control cabinet of the navigation aid equipment, and normal use of a local civil aviation transport airport cannot be influenced;
    step four: the opened safety net is converted from a normal vertical state to a horizontal state, so that the helicopter can realize normal passage, the instruction control module and the execution control module can execute the information which is received and processed by the signal receiving component, the voice recognition module and the information processing module in a control mode, and has the function of timing automatic closing, the electric safety net is automatically closed within a certain time when being opened, the opening and closing time can be properly adjusted, related personnel can stay on the apron, under the starting state of the helicopter, the professional personnel must be outside the safety area, when the helicopter leaves the field, the electric safety network system needs to be opened again through the wireless microphone to ensure that the helicopter is in a flat state, the helicopter leaves the field safely, and further, the stable and smooth on-off control operation of the power grid system can be realized, and the allocation and the application of the whole system are completed.
  2. 2. The VHF radio-electric safety net control system according to claim 1, wherein: high frequency communication subassembly, electronic safety net body, monitoring station, aid boat equipment switch board and wireless network connection unit between correlation each other, and high frequency communication subassembly is whole to be the integral type wireless network connection type communication equipment of compriseing VHF wireless microphone, signalling subassembly, network connection subassembly and voice transmission system module, VHF wireless microphone utilizes signalling subassembly, network connection subassembly and voice transmission system module and monitoring station to pass through the internet connection unit and realizes the internet and ally oneself with the state altogether.
  3. 3. The VHF radio-electric safety net control system according to claim 1, wherein: the signal receiving assembly, the voice recognition module, the information processing module, the instruction control module and the execution control module in the monitoring station are all in parallel connection, the signal sending assembly and the signal receiving assembly are mutually related, and the signal and data transmission work among the signal sending assembly and the signal receiving assembly is realized through network signals of a wireless network connection unit.
  4. 4. The VHF radio-electric safety net control system according to claim 1, wherein: the voice transmission system module and the voice recognition module are communicated with each other, and the instruction control module and the execution control module are internally provided with a timing function unit, so that the closing time of the power grid system after starting can be properly set and adjusted.
  5. 5. The VHF radio-electric safety net control system according to claim 1, wherein: the final purpose of the first step is to realize the basic establishment of a system framework through the basic layout of the equipment, the realization method is to carry out stable assembly work at a designated position, realize mutual association and establish a public wireless network environment, so that the high-frequency communication component, the electric safety net body and the monitoring station are all in the wireless network environment, the network common connection relation between the high-frequency communication component and the monitoring station is realized, the mutual association among the VHF wireless microphone, the signal sending component, the network connecting component and the voice transmission system module in the high-frequency communication component is realized, and the effect which can be achieved is to utilize the mutual association relation between the signal sending component and the signal receiving component in the monitoring station to realize the transmission and receiving work of the sound simulation signals between the VHF wireless microphone and the monitoring station.
  6. 6. The VHF radio-electric safety net control system according to claim 1, wherein: the final purpose of the second step is to further improve the basic framework constructed in the first step, and the specific implementation mode is to correspondingly and stably assemble the signal receiving component, the voice recognition module, the information processing module, the instruction control module and the execution control module in the monitoring station, and jointly configure the signal receiving component, the voice recognition module, the information processing module, the instruction control module and the execution control module in the same working unit, so as to ensure smooth communication between the monitoring station and the high-frequency communication component, and the achieved effect is that the high-frequency communication component has a better control effect, and can realize relatively stable safety net starting control work under the condition of avoiding external interference.
  7. 7. The VHF radio-electric safety net control system according to claim 1, wherein: the final purpose of the third step is to determine the overall feasibility of the system framework after the system framework is created, and the specific implementation mode is that the high-frequency communication assembly is assembled inside the helicopter and is subjected to voice control through the VHF wireless microphone, so that the automatic switching of the power grid control system is realized, when a driver is on the helicopter or ground service personnel of the helicopter apron are in the final visual approach stage of the helicopter, the electric safety network system of the helicopter apron is automatically switched on through the VHF wireless microphone, and the use effect of stably controlling the whole system in the most convenient mode can be achieved.
  8. 8. The VHF radio-electric safety net control system according to claim 1, wherein: the layout and framework creation sequence of the first step and the second step can not be exchanged, otherwise, the overall feasibility of the implementation scheme of the overall safety net control system is damaged.
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