CN112689255A - Wireless sensing information monitoring system and method based on 6TiSCH - Google Patents
Wireless sensing information monitoring system and method based on 6TiSCH Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of wireless monitoring of industrial internet field data, and particularly relates to a wireless sensing information monitoring system and a method based on 6TiSCH, which comprises the following steps: the system comprises a sensor module, a 6TiSCH node module, a 6TiSCH routing module, a 6TiSCH gateway module and a terminal; the sensor module is used for acquiring data information; the 6TiSCH node module is used for acquiring data information, processing and transmitting data; the 6TiSCH routing module is used for managing network access and forwarding data of the 6TiSCH nodes in the corresponding range; the 6TiSCH gateway module is used for establishing a network topology and realizing data analysis and forwarding through network protocol analysis; the terminal is used for information processing and upper computer display; the invention can well utilize the wireless sensing information monitoring system based on the 6TiSCH to acquire the data of the industrial field equipment, and the certainty of the industrial internet wireless communication is improved by utilizing the 6TiSCH protocol stack.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wireless monitoring of industrial internet field data, and particularly relates to a wireless sensing information monitoring system and method based on 6 TiSCH.
Background
The key information acquisition and monitoring is the basis and key of intelligent manufacturing innovation application, the information monitoring based on wireless sensing has advantages in solving the problems of complex wiring, poor deployment flexibility and the like of the current wired network, and the problems of high node power consumption, difficult reliability guarantee and the like are still faced. With continuous deepening of intelligent manufacturing scenes, industrial field environments become complex and changeable, the current application requirement for deterministic communication of an industrial wireless network is increasingly highlighted, and meanwhile, the industrial wireless network also faces the problems of how to meet the requirements of mass industrial field devices and terminals for IP (Internet protocol) and low-power-consumption communication under the limitation of energy supply and the like.
The IETF established the 6TiSCH (IPv6 over the TSCH mode of IEEE802.15.4e, IEEE802.15.4e based IPv6 network) working group in 2013. The 6TiSCH carries out communication based on an IEEE802.15.4e TSCH (time slot hopping) access mode, the time synchronization technology balances the monitoring and idle time of adjacent equipment, and low power consumption of field equipment is realized; the frequency hopping technique improves wireless data transmission reliability by avoiding interference on co-channels, providing transmission capability close to that of wired transmission. However, due to the fact that the existing 6TiSCH working group is imperfect in architecture and high in complexity of the system, the problems that address resources of a 6TiSCH protocol stack are wasted, the certainty of a wireless sensing network is poor, power consumption is high, industrial field deployment of IPv6 cannot be achieved, and the like are caused, and a wireless sensing information monitoring system capable of achieving industrial field deployment of IPv6 and power consumption reduction of the 6TiSCH is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a wireless sensing information monitoring system based on 6TiSCH, which comprises: the system comprises: the system comprises a sensor module, a 6TiSCH node module, a 6TiSCH routing module, a 6TiSCH gateway module and a terminal PC;
the sensor module is used for acquiring data information and transmitting the data information to the 6TiSCH node module;
the 6TiSCH node module comprises a 6TiSCH main control module, a radio frequency module, a storage module and a power supply module;
the 6TiSCH master control module is used for coordinating and controlling the normal work of the whole 6TiSCH node and reading data acquired by the sensor module and the interaction information of the radio frequency module;
the radio frequency module is used for realizing the channel frequency hopping and time synchronization functions of a 6TiSCH protocol and realizing the transmission and the reception of wireless data under the control of the main control module;
the storage module is used for providing a memory required by the 6TiSCH main control module for calculation processing and a memory required by the radio frequency module for receiving and sending;
the power supply module is used for supplying power to each sub-module in the 6TiSCH node module;
the 6TiSCH routing module is used for managing network access of 6TiSCH nodes in a corresponding range and providing data forwarding from the 6TiSCH nodes to a 6TiSCH gateway;
the 6TiSCH gateway module is used for establishing a network topology, realizing that the 6TiSCH wireless sensing network node is accessed to an IPv6 network, analyzing a network protocol and realizing data analysis and forwarding.
And the terminal PC is connected with the 6TiSCH gateway and is used for information processing and upper computer display.
Preferably, the 6TiSCH master control module is a master control chip STM32, and the master control chip STM32 reads data of the sensor module through a peripheral interface and performs information interaction with the radio frequency module.
Preferably, the 6TiSCH routing module has the same structure as the 6TiSCH node module.
Preferably, the 6TiSCH gateway module comprises a system module, a 6TiSCH control module, a radio frequency module, a storage module and a network interface module;
the system module adopts an embedded Linux operating system and is used for managing 6TiSCH gateway process scheduling and CPU and memory allocation;
the 6TiSCH control module is electrically connected with the system module, and the system module reads data uploaded to the 6TiSCH control module from the bottom layer according to the operation related executable file; the hardware structures of a 6TiSCH control module and a radio frequency module of the 6TiSCH gateway module and a 6TiSCH main control module and a radio frequency module of the 6TiSCH node module are the same, and the 6TiSCH main control module and the radio frequency module are mainly used for broadcasting EB beacon frames to establish a network and receiving data uploaded by nodes or routes;
the storage module is used for providing a memory required by the embedded Linux operating system module and the 6TiSCH master control module for calculation processing, and is used for providing a memory required by the radio frequency module for receiving and sending;
the network interface module is used for internet communication and PC end communication.
A wireless sensing information monitoring method based on 6TiSCH includes: carrying out network configuration on the system; the sensor acquires data in real time; the 6TiSCH node periodically reads data on the sensor and reports the data to the 6TiSCH gateway; and the 6TiSCH gateway analyzes the data according to a network protocol, and sends an analysis result to the terminal PC for data processing and upper computer display.
Preferably, the process of network configuration of the system includes: the 6TiSCH gateway periodically broadcasts EB beacon frames; the 6TiSCH node and the 6TiSCH route monitor EB beacon frames sent by the 6TiSCH gateway in real time and initiate an association request to the 6TiSCH gateway; the 6TiSCH gateway allocates a 16-bit short address for a 6TiSCH node or a 6TiSCH route and adds the address into a neighbor table; when the 6TiSCH node is far away from the 6TiSCH gateway, the node can monitor EB beacon frames broadcasted by the 6TiSCH routing agent which is near to the access network, and system configuration is completed.
Preferably, the process of reading the sensor data by the 6TiSCH node includes: the 6TiSCH master control module sends an inquiry frame to the sensor, wherein the inquiry frame comprises an address code, a function code, an initial address, a data length and a check code; the sensor replies a response frame after receiving the inquiry frame, wherein the response frame comprises an address code, a function code, effective byte number, a temperature and humidity value and a check code; and the response frame data of the 6TiSCH node sensor is stored in a storage module to wait for the forwarding of the radio frequency module.
Preferably, the 6TiSCH node uploads the data in two modes according to a network topology structure in the process of reporting the data to the 6TiSCH gateway; the uploading mode comprises that the 6TiSCH node directly reports the read data to the 6TiSCH gateway; the 6TiSCH node reports the read data to a 6TiSCH route, and the 6TiSCH route sorts the data and reports the data to a 6TiSCH gateway.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can well utilize the wireless sensing information monitoring system based on the 6TiSCH to acquire the data of the industrial field equipment, and utilize the 6TiSCH protocol stack to improve the certainty of the wireless communication of the industrial internet and reduce the power consumption of the wireless sensing network.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless sensing information monitoring system based on 6 TiSCH;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 6TiSCH node in the system configuration of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a 6TiSCH routing in the system of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a 6TiSCH gateway in the system configuration of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
A wireless sensing information monitoring system based on 6TiSCH, as shown in fig. 1, the system comprising: the system comprises a sensor module, a 6TiSCH node module, a 6TiSCH routing module, a 6TiSCH gateway module and a terminal PC.
As shown in fig. 2, the 6TiSCH node module includes a 6TiSCH main control module, a radio frequency module, a storage module, and a power supply module; the 6TiSCH master control module is used for coordinating and controlling the normal work of the whole 6TiSCH node and reading data acquired by the sensor module and the interaction information of the radio frequency module; the radio frequency module is used for realizing the channel frequency hopping and time synchronization functions of the 6TiSCH protocol, the channel frequency hopping generates a frequency hopping channel according to channel offset, the network absolute time slot number and the available channel number, and the time synchronization analyzes time synchronization elements according to EB beacon frames sent by neighbor nodes to obtain the absolute time slot number. The wireless data is transmitted and received under the control of the main control module; the storage module is used for providing a memory required by the 6TiSCH master control module for calculation processing and a memory required by the radio frequency module for receiving and sending; and the power supply module is used for supplying power to each sub-module in the 6TiSCH node module.
Preferably, the 6TiSCH master control module adopts a master control chip STM32 as a control unit. The chip has the characteristics of high performance, low cost and low power consumption; the chip serving as the 6TiSCH master control module can control different real-time functions of each module, saves cost and improves performance.
Preferably, the 6TiSCH main control module obtains the data of the sensor module through an external interface and is connected with the radio frequency module through the external interface to realize information interaction.
Preferably, the operating frequency of the radio frequency module of the invention is 2.4GHz, supports 16-channel operation, and is used for realizing functions of channel frequency hopping, time synchronization and the like of a 6TiSCH protocol. Channel hopping can avoid channel collision, the certainty of wireless communication is improved, the monitoring and idle time of adjacent equipment is well balanced by the time synchronization technology, and low power consumption of field equipment is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, the 6TiSCH routing module has the same hardware structure as the 6TiSCH node module, and includes a 6TiSCH main control module, a radio frequency module, a storage module, and a power supply module. The routing module is used for: firstly, the network access agent can be used as a 6TiSCH node in a corresponding range; second, data forwarding from the 6TiSCH node to the 6TiSCH gateway is provided.
As shown in fig. 4, the 6TiSCH gateway module includes a system module, a 6TiSCH control module, a radio frequency module, a storage module, and a network interface module; the 6TiSCH gateway module is used for establishing a network topology, realizing that the 6TiSCH wireless sensing network node is accessed to an IPv6 network, and carrying out network protocol analysis to realize data analysis and forwarding.
Optionally, the system module adopts an embedded Linux operating system, and is configured to manage 6TiSCH gateway process scheduling and CPU and memory allocation.
Preferably, the embedded Linux operating system is electrically connected with the 6TiSCH control module, and the system can run the relevant executable file to read the data uploaded to the 6TiSCH control module from the bottom layer.
Optionally, the related executable file includes: data reading programs, ping test programs, Opc UA server programs, etc.
Optionally, the 6TiSCH control module and the radio frequency module of the 6TiSCH gateway module have the same hardware structure as the 6TiSCH main control module and the radio frequency module of the 6TiSCH node module, and are mainly used for broadcasting an EB beacon frame to establish a network and receive data uploaded by a node or a route.
Preferably, the storage module is configured to provide a memory required by the embedded Linux operating system module and the 6TiSCH master control module for performing calculation processing, and is configured to provide a memory required by the radio frequency module for receiving and transmitting.
Preferably, the network interface module is used for communicating with the internet and a terminal PC, and changing or upgrading the version of the embedded Linux operating system.
The 6TiSCH gateway may provide more development, such as establishing an OPC UA server or establishing a message queue telemetry transport MQTT client to upload data to the cloud.
A wireless sensing information monitoring method based on 6TiSCH includes: carrying out network configuration on the system; the sensor acquires data in real time; the 6TiSCH node periodically reads data on the sensor and reports the data to the 6TiSCH gateway; and the 6TiSCH gateway analyzes the data according to a network protocol, and sends an analysis result to the terminal PC for data processing and upper computer display.
When the network configuration is carried out on the system, a relevant program based on a 6TiSCH protocol stack is preferably burnt into relevant equipment of the system, the 6TiSCH gateway is connected with a terminal PC, and all the equipment is started. The method comprises the steps that after a 6TiSCH gateway radio frequency module broadcasts an EB beacon frame periodically, a 6TiSCH node and a route continuously monitor the EB beacon frame of the 6TiSCH gateway, a correlation request is sent to the 6TiSCH gateway, the 6TiSCH gateway distributes a 16-bit short address for a node or a routing device and adds the 16-bit short address to a neighbor table, when the node is far away from the 6TiSCH gateway, the node can monitor the EB beacon frame broadcasted by a near 6TiSCH routing agent to access a network, the system completes networking, and the network structure is shown in figure 1.
Preferably, the 6TiSCH node periodically transmits data to a 6TiSCH router or a 6TiSCH gateway, where a transmission period may be set according to a specific situation, the 6TiSCH master control module interacts with information of the radio frequency chip CY2420 through a hardware interface, a baseband/MAC processing unit of the chip may provide hardware support for a physical layer and an MAC layer of ieee802.15.4, and a DLL processing unit thereof is designed to provide direct support from hardware for a data link layer core technology of a mainstream wireless communication international standard, including functions of a channel frequency modulation mechanism, a superframe scheduling engine, a slot communication mechanism, and the like. The system can autonomously complete time synchronization channel frequency hopping according to configuration, time synchronization is also periodically carried out between adjacent equipment, and data transmission between the adjacent equipment is completed through a radio frequency module 2.4GHz antenna.
Preferably, when the 6TiSCH node reads the sensor data, the system adopts a temperature and humidity sensor based on RS485 communication protocol communication, and the data reading process is as follows: the 6TiSCH master control module sends an inquiry frame to the sensor, the inquiry frame comprises an address code, a function code, an initial address, a data length and a check code, the sensor replies a response frame after receiving the inquiry frame, the response frame comprises the address code, the function code, an effective byte number, a temperature and humidity value and the check code, the 6TiSCH node successfully reads the sensor data, and the data is stored in the storage module to wait for the radio frequency module to forward.
Preferably, the 6TiSCH route forwards the data to the 6TiSCH gateway.
Preferably, the 6TiSCH gateway receives the bottom layer upload data, and for the case of multi-node access, the upload is stopped when the same node continuously uploads the same data in order to reduce the bandwidth occupation until the upload is resumed when the data are not the same.
Preferably, the 6TiSCH gateway embedded operating system module adopts an RT5350 chip to operate an OpenWRT-15.05-release version system to be electrically connected with the 6TiSCH control module, and executes related programs to display upload data.
The 6TiSCH gateway may provide more development, such as establishing an OPC UA server or establishing an MQTT client to upload data to the cloud.
The 6TiSCH gateway forwards the data to the internet or the terminal PC through the network interface module.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by instructions associated with hardware via a program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium may include: ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks, and the like.
The above-mentioned embodiments, which further illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A wireless sensing information monitoring system based on 6TiSCH, which is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a sensor module, a 6TiSCH node module, a 6TiSCH routing module, a 6TiSCH gateway module and a terminal PC;
the sensor module is used for acquiring data information and transmitting the data information to the 6TiSCH node module;
the 6TiSCH node module comprises a 6TiSCH main control module, a radio frequency module, a storage module and a power supply module;
the 6TiSCH master control module is used for coordinating and controlling the normal work of the whole 6TiSCH node and reading data acquired by the sensor module and the interaction information of the radio frequency module;
the radio frequency module is used for realizing the channel frequency hopping and time synchronization functions of a 6TiSCH protocol and realizing the transmission and the reception of wireless data under the control of the main control module;
the storage module is used for providing a memory required by the 6TiSCH main control module for calculation processing and a memory required by the radio frequency module for receiving and sending;
the power supply module is used for supplying power to each sub-module in the 6TiSCH node module;
the 6TiSCH routing module is used for managing network access of 6TiSCH nodes in a corresponding range and providing data forwarding from the 6TiSCH nodes to a 6TiSCH gateway;
the 6TiSCH gateway module is used for establishing a network topology, realizing that the 6TiSCH wireless sensing network node is accessed to an IPv6 network, and carrying out network protocol analysis to realize data analysis and forwarding;
and the terminal PC is connected with the 6TiSCH gateway and is used for information processing and upper computer display.
2. The wireless sensing information monitoring system based on the 6TiSCH of claim 1, wherein the 6TiSCH master control module is a master control chip STM32, and the master control chip STM32 reads data of the sensor module through a peripheral interface and performs information interaction with a radio frequency module.
3. The system for monitoring wireless sensing information based on 6TiSCH of claim 1, wherein the 6TiSCH routing module and the 6TiSCH node module are identical in structure.
4. The system for monitoring the wireless sensing information based on the 6TiSCH of claim 1, wherein the 6TiSCH gateway module comprises a system module, a 6TiSCH control module, a radio frequency module, a storage module and a network interface module;
the system module is used for managing 6TiSCH gateway process scheduling and CPU and memory allocation;
the 6TiSCH control module is electrically connected with the system module, and the system module reads data uploaded to the 6TiSCH control module from the bottom layer according to the operation related executable file; the hardware structures of a 6TiSCH control module and a radio frequency module of the 6TiSCH gateway module and a 6TiSCH main control module and a radio frequency module of the 6TiSCH node module are the same, and the 6TiSCH main control module and the radio frequency module are mainly used for broadcasting EB beacon frames to establish a network and receiving data uploaded by nodes or routes;
the storage module is used for providing a memory required by the system module and the 6TiSCH main control module for calculation processing, and is used for providing a memory required by the radio frequency module for receiving and sending;
the network interface module is used for the communication between the Internet and the PC terminal.
5. The system for monitoring the wireless sensing information based on the 6TiSCH, according to claim 4, wherein the system module adopts an embedded Linux operating system.
6. A wireless sensing information monitoring method based on 6TiSCH is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out network configuration on the system; the sensor acquires data in real time; the 6TiSCH node periodically reads data on the sensor and reports the data to the 6TiSCH gateway; and the 6TiSCH gateway analyzes the data according to a network protocol, and sends an analysis result to the terminal PC for data processing and upper computer display.
7. The method for monitoring the wireless sensing information based on the 6TiSCH of claim 6, wherein the network configuration process of the system comprises the following steps: the 6TiSCH gateway periodically broadcasts EB beacon frames; the 6TiSCH node and the 6TiSCH route monitor EB beacon frames sent by the 6TiSCH gateway in real time and initiate an association request to the 6TiSCH gateway; the 6TiSCH gateway allocates a 16-bit short address for a 6TiSCH node or a 6TiSCH route and adds the address into a neighbor table; when the 6TiSCH node is far away from the 6TiSCH gateway, the node can monitor EB beacon frames broadcasted by the 6TiSCH routing agent which is near to the access network, and system configuration is completed.
8. The method for monitoring the wireless sensing information based on the 6TiSCH, according to claim 6, wherein the process that the 6TiSCH node reads the sensor data comprises the following steps: the 6TiSCH master control module sends an inquiry frame to the sensor, wherein the inquiry frame comprises an address code, a function code, an initial address, a data length and a check code; the sensor replies a response frame after receiving the inquiry frame, wherein the response frame comprises an address code, a function code, effective byte number, a temperature and humidity value and a check code; and the response frame data of the 6TiSCH node sensor is stored in a storage module to wait for the forwarding of the radio frequency module.
9. The method for monitoring the wireless sensing information based on the 6TiSCH, according to claim 6, is characterized in that the 6TiSCH node uploads data in two modes according to a network topology structure in the process of reporting the data to the 6TiSCH gateway; the uploading mode comprises that the 6TiSCH node directly reports the read data to the 6TiSCH gateway; the 6TiSCH node reports the read data to a 6TiSCH route, and the 6TiSCH route sorts the data and reports the data to a 6TiSCH gateway.
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