CN112688733A - Routing method and device of free space optical fiber communication network under delay tolerant network - Google Patents
Routing method and device of free space optical fiber communication network under delay tolerant network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a routing strategy method of a free space optical fiber communication network under a delay tolerant network, which comprises the steps of establishing an atmosphere channel mathematical model, wherein the atmosphere channel mathematical model is used for describing the influence of atmosphere turbulence and laser attenuation on an atmosphere channel; generating a delay tolerant network topological structure, setting the delay tolerant network topological structure by adopting a layered structure, transmitting information by utilizing an atmospheric channel of free space optical fiber communication, setting a cluster head node and at least one cluster head member in each layer structure, and forwarding and receiving the information of the cluster head members through the corresponding cluster head nodes; and optimizing the route. The method can effectively make up the deficiency of the free space optical fiber communication network, prolong the maximum round-trip time between the nodes and reduce the packet loss rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a routing setting method and a routing setting device, in particular to a free space optical fiber communication network routing strategy method and a free space optical fiber communication network routing strategy device under a delay tolerant network.
Background
Free space optical fiber communication (FSO) technology is developed rapidly in recent years, has large bandwidth, low price, good confidentiality and networking flexibility, and mainly utilizes laser signals to complete information transmission in the atmosphere and vacuum environment, optical fibers do not need to be laid, and the communication requirement can be met by simple antenna erection. In optical fiber communication, a complete communication routing path needs to be established between a source node and a destination node, but the wireless communication distance between routing nodes affects the quality and efficiency of communication, so the routing strategy of an optical fiber communication network becomes an important research field.
At present, the method proposes to establish a main light path and a standby light path by an ant colony classification method, and adopts a genetic factor to optimize an ant colony algorithm, so as to realize global optimization of unicast routing and effectively reduce the blocking rate; the method also considers the influence of the service duration on the energy consumption of the optical path, calculates the spectrum consistency value of the pre-allocated spectrum blocks, selects the spectrum block with the largest value for allocation, completes the energy efficiency routing design under the sensing of the duration, and effectively improves the network energy efficiency; in the method, the moving direction of the neighbor node is calculated by utilizing the historical encounter information and the position information of the routing node, and the node with a larger included angle of the moving direction is selected as the next-hop routing node, so that the problem of low message delivery rate is solved. However, in free space fiber communication, the air channel has instability, resulting in a low success rate of the final transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a free space optical fiber communication network routing strategy method under a delay tolerant network in order to improve the success rate of information transmission, which can effectively make up for the defects of the free space optical fiber communication network, prolong the maximum round-trip time between nodes, reduce the packet loss rate and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a routing strategy method of a free space optical fiber communication network under a delay tolerant network comprises
Establishing an atmospheric channel mathematical model, wherein the atmospheric channel mathematical model is used for describing the influence of atmospheric turbulence and laser attenuation on an atmospheric channel;
generating a delay tolerant network topological structure, setting the delay tolerant network topological structure by adopting a layered structure, transmitting information by utilizing an atmospheric channel of free space optical fiber communication, setting a cluster head node and at least one cluster head member in each layer structure, and forwarding and receiving the information of the cluster head members through the corresponding cluster head nodes;
and optimizing the route.
Further, the mathematical model of the atmospheric channel is expressed by using a probability density function of the laser intensity, wherein the probability density function of the laser intensity is
Wherein, I0To average the laser intensity of the received signal under normal operating conditions of the atmospheric channel,
is the variance of the logarithmic laser intensity fluctuation.
Further, when the beam of the transmission laser is a plane wave,
the calculation formula of (c) can be expressed as:
in the formula, Cn(L)2A structural constant representing the refractive index of the atmosphere, L representing the length of the communication link, and λ representing the wavelength of the laser.
Further, Cn(L)2Constant 10-15 is taken.
Further, a delay tolerant network topology structure is generated, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
dividing a network area by taking the geographic label as a reference, wherein the network area comprises a first-level area arranged at the top layer, a second-level area arranged at the middle layer and a third-level area arranged at the bottom layer;
the first-stage area contains a plurality of parallel first sub-areas, the second-stage area is internally provided with a plurality of parallel second-stage sub-areas, and the third-stage area contains a plurality of parallel third sub-areas.
Furthermore, the second-level region comprises a plurality of level sub-regions distributed layer by layer, and each level sub-region comprises a plurality of parallel sub-regions.
Further, the traffic between the cluster head nodes is transmitted and received through the FSO laser transceiver.
Further, the optimized routing specifically completes the exchange configuration of the wavelength allocation information by executing an ant colony algorithm to find an optimal path;
the willingness value of the forward ant biased to pass through the atmospheric link j from the node n to the node d is calculated by the formula:
in the formula etanidIndicating that a forward ant selects an atmospheric link j, | x from node n to node dnid(t) | represents the length of the shortest optical path from node n to node d.
The invention also relates to a free space optical fiber communication network route design device under the delay tolerant network, which comprises an atmosphere channel mathematical model establishing module, a delay tolerance module and a delay tolerance module, wherein the atmosphere channel mathematical model establishing module is used for establishing an atmosphere channel mathematical model which is used for describing the influence of atmosphere turbulence and laser attenuation on an atmosphere channel;
the delay-tolerant network topological structure generating module adopts a layered structure to set a delay-tolerant network topological structure, utilizes an atmospheric channel of free space optical fiber communication to transmit information, sets a cluster head node and at least one cluster head member in each layer structure, and forwards and receives the information of the cluster head members through the corresponding cluster head nodes;
and the route optimization module is used for optimizing the route information transmission path.
The beneficial effects produced by the invention comprise: establishing an atmospheric channel mathematical model to describe the influence of atmospheric turbulence and laser attenuation on the atmospheric channel;
a hierarchical delay tolerant network topology structure is adopted, an atmospheric channel of free space optical fiber communication is utilized for transmission, and network overhead is reduced through information exchange between cluster heads and cluster nodes;
and optimizing a routing algorithm, determining rules to be followed in the optimization process, and finishing the routing design of the free space optical fiber communication network under the delay tolerant network.
The routing algorithm has high delivery success rate, certain high practicability and effectiveness, and improves the efficiency of related operation and maintenance personnel in the maintenance work of the power communication network. The effective and beneficial effects are as follows:
the delay tolerant network is improved, interoperability among various networks is realized, the limitation requirements of the traditional network on time and space are broken through, the success rate of information delivery can be ensured under the state of poor channel state, and the communication quality is ensured.
According to the method, the routing strategy of the free space optical fiber communication network under the delay tolerant network is obtained by modeling the atmospheric channel, designing the topological structure of the delay tolerant network and optimizing the routing algorithm, and experimental results show that the routing strategy designed by the method has a good effect on the aspect of improving the communication quality and improves the efficiency of related operation and maintenance personnel in the maintenance work of the power communication network.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a hierarchical delay tolerant network topology;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of network coverage area division;
FIG. 4 shows the results of a success rate experiment for the delivery of four routing strategies;
fig. 5 shows the variation of network transmission overhead with the storage capacity of the node.
Detailed Description
The present invention is explained in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
First step of establishing an atmosphere channel mathematical model
The optical communication terminal mainly comprises a laser transceiving system and an optical antenna, and related equipment of the free space optical fiber communication network mainly comprises a laser transmitter, a receiver, a communication control system and an APT system under the delay tolerant network, and the information is transmitted and received through an atmospheric channel.
In addition, the atmospheric channel is influenced by external reasons such as solar irradiation, human activities and the like, so that the atmospheric density is changed, the facula drift of the laser beam is caused by atmospheric turbulence, and the reliability of the atmospheric channel is reduced.
Therefore, a reliable mathematical model of the turbulence of the atmospheric channel needs to be established to describe the influence of the atmospheric turbulence and the laser attenuation on the atmospheric channel. The probability density function of the laser intensity of the present invention can be expressed as:
in the above formula, I0Which represents the average laser intensity of the received signal under normal operating conditions of the atmospheric channel,
representing the variance of the logarithmic laser intensity fluctuation, when the beam of the transmission laser is a plane wave,
the calculation formula of (c) can be expressed as:
in the above formula, Cn(L)2A structural constant representing the refractive index of the atmosphere, l represents the length of the communication link, and λ represents the wavelength of the laser. When L in the transmission process is kept unchanged, then Cn(L)2The value of the constant is 10-13-10-17, and the classical value is 10-15.
The reliability of the atmospheric channel mainly refers to the probability that the intensity of the received laser is higher than the laser intensity threshold, and when the ratio of the laser intensity threshold to the average laser intensity is determined, the reliability of the link is greatly influenced by weather. And finishing the establishment of the mathematical model of the atmospheric channel.
Second step generating delay tolerant network topology
The invention adopts a hierarchical topology to set the delay tolerant network topology, in the hierarchical topology, the nodes are divided into clusters, each cluster is provided with a cluster head node and a plurality of cluster members, and the cluster head node is responsible for message forwarding. In the process of constructing an upper layer network, all nodes are cluster head nodes and have a routing function, the nodes are transmitted by using an atmospheric channel of the FSO, the service between node users can be transmitted and received by an FSO laser transceiver, and the established layered topology structure is shown in figure 2.
In the structure of the graph, complex relation does not exist among the node members, and the cluster head node only needs to manage and maintain the routing information of the member nodes subordinate to the cluster head node, so that the network overhead can be reduced. On the basis of the topological structure, the network area needs to be divided, as the routing strategy of the method is based on the geographic label, the network coverage area needs to be divided into a plurality of areas with similar sizes layer by layer, the whole network area is taken as a first-level area, the top-level label is used for marking, the first-level area is divided into a plurality of sub-areas, each divided second-level sub-area is marked with a second-level sub-label, the third-level sub-area is divided and labeled according to the rule, the operation is carried out layer by layer until the designated number of layers is divided, the last divided area is taken as the bottommost area and is labeled with the bottommost sub-label, and the division schematic diagram is shown in fig. 3.
In the figure, A1For the top label, in the first division process, A is added1The area is divided into i rectangular subregions, and the sub-labels are marked as B1～BiThen the geographic labels of the sub-regions are divided into<A1,B1>,<A1,B2>,...,<A1,Bi>And finishing the first division. For the secondary sub-region BiIs divided as above with B1For example, three can be dividedThe geographic label of the level subregion is<A1,B1,C1>,<A1,B1,C2>,...,<A1,B1,Ci>If the next stage needs to be divided, the division is continued according to the method until the designated number of layers is completed.
Third step optimizing routing algorithm
In the generated hierarchical routing structure, due to election and determination of the cluster head, the complexity of the algorithm is high, the inter-satellite laser link distance and the Doppler wavelength drift time slow the network in the actual operation process, and the communication quality is affected, so that the routing transmission path needs to be optimized. The optimization of the algorithm can be converted into a problem of solving the optimal path, a common database is arranged in the hierarchical model, the network layer reads information of transmission delay, wavelength use and wavelength drift from the database, the ant colony algorithm is executed to search the optimal path to complete the exchange configuration of wavelength distribution information, and finally the normal transmission and exchange of data are realized. During the optimization process, the ant colony will choose the correct direction according to the concentration of pheromones, which depends on the information in the database. When the path is shorter, the forward ants are more inclined to pass through, and the willingness value is calculated by the formula:
in the above formula, etanidIndicating that a forward ant selects an atmospheric link j, | x from node n to node dnid(t) | represents the length of the shortest optical path from node n to node d, and the algorithm execution stage is started after the parameter initialization. In the process of algorithm execution, the initial wavelength allocation rule, the state transition rule, the local update rule and the global update rule need to be followed. Distributing according to the rule of initial wavelength after the forward ants start, selecting the air channel switched to the next node by adopting the state transfer rule when the ants reach the intermediate node from the air channel, executing the local updating rule after the switching is successful, and finally, when the forward ants reach the target node or are blockedWhen a reverse ant is created and global update rules are executed. And the design of the routing strategy of the free space optical fiber communication network under the delay tolerant network is completed.
Fourth step of experimental verification
(1) Building environment and platform
In order to verify that the routing strategy of the free space optical fiber communication network under the delay tolerant network optimized by the method has certain effectiveness, an experiment needs to be designed. The platform in the experiment of the method is the opportunity network environment ONE simulator platform, and the platform can provide a common node motion model, support external data import and provide result collection processing data.
In the platform, a network with 180 nodes is established, a field is established on the basis of a street map of a certain place, the size of the field is 4500m × 3500m, the network nodes are divided into 2 types, namely pedestrian nodes and automobile nodes, three groups of nodes are arranged in each type, 40 nodes are arranged in each group of the pedestrian nodes, 20 nodes are arranged in each group of the automobile nodes, the moving speed of the pedestrian nodes is set to be 0.5-1.5km/h, the speed of the automobile nodes is set to be 10-15km/h, and a working day movement model WDM integrated in an ONE platform is used as a movement model of the pedestrian nodes and the automobile nodes. In order to perform performance test on the routing strategy proposed by the method, the method is performed on the platform, and a common routing strategy is selected: direct delivery strategy, preknown strategy and MaxProp strategy were compared. In the environment, the default TTL value is 300s, the time length is set to be 24h, the storage capacity of each node is 5-200MB, the radius of the communication range between the nodes is 10-20m, the transmission bandwidth is 250Kbps, the size of each message during the test is about 5200kB-1MB, and the generation interval between the messages is about 25-35 s. In the process, the network traffic ratios between the various groups of the node network are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 network traffic ratio between groups of nodes
In each node of the experiment, each node requests to reach and obeys Poisson distribution, the waiting time obeys exponential distribution, and the link request destination user selects according to the table.
Under the above conditions, in the probabilistic routing protocol, the initial value Pinit of the expected handover probability is 0.75, the probability transfer constant β is 0.25, and the attenuation constant γ is 0.98. The routing strategy of the method mainly aims to improve the transmission success rate. In the experiment of the method, a calculation equation of the network resource transmission cost is as follows:
in the above formula, OIRepresenting network transmission overhead, MzIndicating the number of messages forwarded, MdIndicating the number of messages ultimately delivered.
And under the experimental conditions, testing the design routing strategy method respectively, and carrying out statistical analysis on the experimental results.
(2) Analysis of the results of the experiment
The comparison result of the time-dependent message delivery rate curve of the experiment is shown in fig. 4.
The result of the experiment of the method is recorded from 1h after the start, the time lasts for 24h, the delivery success rate of each routing strategy is increased and gradually stabilized along with the progress of the experiment, as can be seen from fig. 4, the delivery success rate of the method is 74.3%, compared with the existing general method, 16.3% of messages are delivered, and compared with other methods, 21.8% of messages are delivered. The network overhead for the four strategies is shown in fig. 5.
Fig. 5 shows the network overhead of the routing protocol, and in the routing protocol designed by the method, because the details can be submitted only when the destination node is touched in the process of storing the message by the source node, no additional message transmission is generated, and therefore the overhead calculation result is 0. The other three routing strategies generate a certain transmission overhead more or less, and as can be seen from the data, the routing strategy designed by the method has better performance in the aspect of improving the communication quality.
The method adopts the delay tolerant network to realize the interoperability among various networks, breaks through the limit requirements of the traditional network on time and space, can ensure the success rate of information delivery under the state of poor channel state and ensures the communication quality. The method obtains the routing strategy of the free space optical fiber communication network under the delay tolerant network by modeling the atmospheric channel, designing the topological structure of the delay tolerant network and optimizing the routing algorithm, and experimental results show that the routing strategy designed by the method has a certain effect on improving the communication quality and improves the efficiency of related operation and maintenance personnel in the maintenance work of the power communication network.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A routing strategy method of a free space optical fiber communication network under a delay tolerant network is characterized in that: comprises that
Establishing an atmospheric channel mathematical model, wherein the atmospheric channel mathematical model is used for describing the influence of atmospheric turbulence and laser attenuation on an atmospheric channel;
generating a delay tolerant network topological structure, setting the delay tolerant network topological structure by adopting a layered structure, transmitting information by utilizing an atmospheric channel of free space optical fiber communication, setting a cluster head node and at least one cluster head member in each layer structure, and forwarding and receiving the information of the cluster head members through the corresponding cluster head nodes;
and optimizing the route.
2. The routing strategy method of the free-space optical fiber communication network under the delay tolerant network of claim 1, wherein: the mathematical model of the atmospheric channel is represented by a probability density function of the laser intensity
Wherein, I0To average the laser intensity of the received signal under normal operating conditions of the atmospheric channel,
is the variance of the logarithmic laser intensity fluctuation.
3. The routing strategy method of the free-space optical fiber communication network under the delay tolerant network of claim 2, wherein:
when the beam of the transmission laser light is a plane wave,
the calculation formula of (c) can be expressed as:
in the formula, Cn(L)2Denotes the structural constant of the refractive index of the atmosphere, L denotes the length of the communication link, and λ denotes the wavelength of the laser.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the routing policy is selected from the group consisting of: cn(L)2Constant 10-15 is taken.
5. The routing strategy method of the free-space optical fiber communication network under the delay tolerant network of claim 2, wherein: the method for generating the delay tolerant network topological structure comprises the following steps:
dividing a network area by taking the geographic label as a reference, wherein the network area comprises a first-level area arranged at the top layer, a second-level area arranged at the middle layer and a third-level area arranged at the bottom layer;
the first-stage area contains a plurality of parallel first sub-areas, the second-stage area is internally provided with a plurality of parallel second-stage sub-areas, and the third-stage area contains a plurality of parallel third sub-areas.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the second-level region comprises a plurality of level sub-regions distributed layer by layer, and each level sub-region comprises a plurality of parallel sub-regions.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein: and the traffic between the cluster head nodes is transmitted and received through the FSO laser transceiver.
8. The routing strategy method of the free-space optical fiber communication network under the delay tolerant network of claim 1, wherein: the optimized routing specifically completes the exchange configuration of wavelength allocation information by searching an optimal path through executing an ant colony algorithm;
the willingness value of the forward ant biased to pass through the atmospheric link j from the node n to the node d is calculated by the formula:
in the formula etanidIndicating that a forward ant selects an atmospheric link j, | x from node n to node dnid(t) | represents the length of the shortest optical path from node n to node d.
9. A routing design device of a free space optical fiber communication network under a delay tolerant network is characterized in that: comprises that
The atmosphere channel mathematical model building module is used for building an atmosphere channel mathematical model, and the atmosphere channel mathematical model is used for describing the influence of atmospheric turbulence and laser attenuation on an atmosphere channel;
the delay-tolerant network topological structure generating module adopts a layered structure to set a delay-tolerant network topological structure, utilizes an atmospheric channel of free space optical fiber communication to transmit information, sets a cluster head node and at least one cluster head member in each layer structure, and forwards and receives the information of the cluster head members through the corresponding cluster head nodes;
and the route optimization module is used for optimizing the route information transmission path.
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| CN106685527A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-05-17 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Free space optical communication method and system based on LDPC code |
| CN108900245A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-27 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | The emulation mode and system of Bessel-Gaussian beam transmission characteristic in turbulent atmosphere |
| CN111356039A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-30 | 西安电子科技大学 | Topology forming method for wireless optical communication network |
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| CN102970722A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-03-13 | 北京科技大学 | Multicasting route algorithm of low-time-delay delay tolerant and disruption tolerant sensor network |
| US20160255428A1 (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2016-09-01 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Method and systems for logical topology optimization of free space optical networks |
| CN106685527A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-05-17 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Free space optical communication method and system based on LDPC code |
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