CN112688724A - Cluster target cooperative response method and inquiry response system based on MIMO technology - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cluster target cooperative response method and an inquiry response system based on an MIMO technology, wherein the cluster target cooperative response method comprises the following steps: optimizing the matrix when the cluster transmits the response content by using a genetic algorithm, spreading the response content by using an orthogonal coding signal, and sending the response content to the interrogator by using a characteristic matrix; and establishing an interrogator receiving and processing response signal model, performing matched filtering on the received data, rearranging the data after matched filtering, and performing weighted filtering to obtain response content sent by the cluster. The invention improves the interception resistance of the system and reduces the communication error rate by combining the inquiry response technology and the MIMO technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a cluster target cooperative response method and an inquiry response system based on an MIMO technology.
Background
With the continuous and deep research of the information-based battlefield, the cluster information network cooperation and cloud data sharing technology develops rapidly, the operation mode of completing a single task through a small number of operation platforms cannot meet the complex and changeable battlefield environment, and the cluster cooperation operation becomes the main mode of the future operation. The reliable and effective identification of the attributes of the enemy and the my to the target is a crucial problem in modern war, and the identification of the enemy and the my can reduce the probability of accidentally injuring own party, is also beneficial to calling battlefield resources and improving the fighting capacity. Thus, identification of clustered objects is an important issue in a friend-foe identification system.
At present, when a cluster target is far away from an interrogator, the whole cluster is located in a main lobe range of an interrogation beam, the whole cluster can be used as a response target, and when the response is performed, the interrogator can not receive response signals due to low response transmitting power of a single target in the cluster target. If all targets in the cluster are regarded as array element nodes, a sparse array transmitting beam forming technology is adopted, so that response signals form beams and are directed to an interrogator, and the transmitting gain of the responder can be effectively improved.
However, the above scheme still has the following problems. Firstly, the single target in the cluster has low response power, the remote receiving of the interrogator is difficult, the system communication error rate is high, and the system is easy to intercept. Secondly, the relative distances between each response device and the interrogator in the cluster are different, response delay occurs, so that interleaving interference of space signals is caused, a beam cannot be normally formed in the space, and the energy coverage range is small. Thirdly, the distance between the individual units in the cluster is relatively long, namely the distance exceeds half wavelength, and the directional diagram at the moment can generate grating lobes to cause energy leakage.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a cluster target cooperative response method and an inquiry response system based on MIMO technology. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a cluster target cooperative response method based on MIMO technology is applied to a cluster responder and comprises the following steps:
acquiring an interrogation signal;
transmitting a response signal to an interrogator in a characteristic pattern based on the interrogation signal; the response signal is obtained by spreading the response content by adopting an orthogonal code signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, before sending the response signal to the query end in a characteristic pattern based on the query signal, the method further includes:
a specific pattern is established when the cluster responds.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the specific matrix when establishing the cluster response includes:
acquiring a cluster emission directional diagram;
constructing a fitness function according to the cluster emission directional diagram;
and taking the fitness function as a target function, and performing optimization solution by adopting a genetic algorithm to obtain a specific array type during cluster response.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fitness function is expressed as:
wherein fit (x, y) represents a fitness function, E (u) represents a cluster transmission directional diagram, FFmaxDenotes the main lobe peak, x ═ x1,x2,…,xN]TAnd y ═ y1,y2,…,yN]TRespectively representing cluster x-axis and y-axis coordinates, ()TIndicating transposition.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the model expression of the response signal is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
τi＝r(xi,yi)/c,i＝1,2,…,N，
θ,
respectively representing a pitch scanning angle and an azimuth scanning angle, N representing the number of each body unit in the cluster, ftDenotes the transponder frequency, S denotes the response content, C denotesThe orthogonal code signal, c, represents the speed of light.
Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a cluster target cooperative response method based on MIMO technology, which is applied to an interrogator, and includes:
sending an inquiry signal to acquire a response signal; the response signals are respectively spread by adopting orthogonal coding signals according to a specific array type and are sent out by the characteristic array type;
obtaining a receiving signal according to the response signal;
and decoding the received signal to obtain response content.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the expression of the received signal is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
θ,
respectively representing a pitch scan angle and an azimuth scan angle, λ represents a wavelength, ftIndicating the frequency of the responder, S indicating the content of the responder, C indicating an orthogonal code signal, w indicating the receiving channel noise of the interrogator, and M indicating the array element number of the interrogator.
In one embodiment of the present invention, decoding the received signal to obtain the response content includes:
performing matched filtering on the received signal to obtain filtered data;
reordering the filtered data to obtain reordered data;
and carrying out weighted filtering on the rearranged data to obtain response content.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the cluster responder performs an inquiry response, the cluster target cooperative response method based on the MIMO technology in the above-described embodiment is adopted, and when the interrogator performs an inquiry response, the cluster target cooperative response method based on the MIMO technology in the above-described another embodiment is adopted.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the cluster target cooperative response method based on the MIMO technology, the response content is subjected to spread spectrum by adopting the orthogonal coding signal, the diversity of the transmitted waveform is increased, and meanwhile, the MIMO technology and the inquiry response technology are combined, so that high gain is realized, the communication error rate is reduced, and the interception resistance is improved;
2. according to the invention, orthogonal coding signals are adopted for carrying out spread spectrum on response content, so that narrow beams with high gain cannot be synthesized by overlapping the response content in space, and wide beams with low gain can be formed, thereby simultaneously realizing energy coverage on a larger spatial domain range;
3. the invention optimizes the arrangement mode of the cluster when transmitting the response content through the genetic algorithm, reduces the grating lobe of the transmitting-receiving combined directional diagram formed by the interrogator, and avoids energy leakage.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a cluster target cooperative response method based on MIMO technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an interrogation model provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of another cluster target cooperative response method based on MIMO technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a model for processing received data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an inquiry response process of the inquiry response system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a location of a cluster response array element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a normalized azimuth dimension pattern cut-plane according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a normalized elevation pattern profile provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a communication error rate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a MIMO-based cluster target cooperative response method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which is mainly applied to a cluster responder, and specifically includes:
the method comprises the following steps: an interrogation signal is acquired.
In the present embodiment, first, a query system model is established, please refer to fig. 2, and fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a query model provided in the embodiment of the present invention. When the cluster target is far away from the interrogator, the whole cluster is located in the main lobe range of the interrogation beam, and at this time, the whole cluster can be used as a response target to send an interrogation signal to the cluster target.
Step two: transmitting a response signal to the interrogator in a characteristic pattern based on the interrogation signal; the response signal is obtained by spreading the response content by using an orthogonal code signal.
Specifically, after receiving the inquiry signal, the cluster determines that the inquiry signal is the own inquiry machine, and then puts out the specific array type transmission response signals known by both parties.
Further, before sending the response signal to the interrogator, the method further comprises:
step X: establishing a specific array when the cluster responds, specifically as follows:
x1: first, a cluster transmission pattern is obtained.
For a cluster responder, the interrogator is targeted withThe distance between the centers of the arrays is less than 2D2And/λ, considered as a near-field model, where D is the cluster array aperture length and λ is the wavelength.
The vertical axial included angle between the interrogator and the cluster array is theta0At an azimuth angle of
The number of each individual unit in the cluster is N, namely the number of array elements is N, the vertical height of the position of the interrogator from the whole array is R, and the coordinate position expression of the interrogator can be obtained according to the trigonometric function relationship
The trunked side transmit pattern can be expressed as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
θ0,
indicating the location of the interrogator, ftIndicating the frequency of the transponder, theta,
respectively representing a pitching scanning angle and an azimuth scanning angle, wherein N is the number of each individual unit in the cluster, and c is the light speed;
the steering vector of the near-field area array is derived from the above formula:
wherein f istIs the transponder frequency;
τi＝r(xi,yi) And/c, i is 1,2, …, and N, c is the speed of light.
X2: and constructing a fitness function according to the cluster emission directional diagram.
Specifically, the method for constructing the fitness function by taking the reduction of the peak sidelobe level of the sparse area array as an optimization target comprises the following steps:
wherein E (u) represents the cluster emission pattern, FFmaxDenotes the main lobe peak, x ═ x1,x2,…,xN]TAnd y ═ y1,y2,…,yN]TRespectively representing cluster x-axis and y-axis coordinates, ()TIndicating transposition.
X3: and taking the fitness function as a target function, and performing optimization solution by adopting a genetic algorithm to obtain a specific array type during cluster response.
Specifically, the objective function optimized by the genetic algorithm is as follows:
f(x,y)＝min{fit(x,y)}；
and taking the array element distribution mode obtained by the optimization of the objective function as a specific array type during cluster response.
In the embodiment, the arrangement mode of the cluster in the process of transmitting the response content is optimized through a genetic algorithm, the grating lobe of a transmitting-receiving combined directional diagram formed by the interrogator is reduced, and energy leakage is avoided.
In this embodiment, after the individual units of the cluster are distributed according to a specific array, the response content is spread by a group of orthogonal code signals, and the response signal model transmitted by the transponder is obtained as follows:
wherein S is response content, and C is orthogonal code signal.
Finally, the response signal is transmitted to the interrogator in the characteristic pattern of the cluster response.
The cluster target cooperative response method based on the MIMO technology provided by this embodiment increases diversity of a transmission waveform by spreading response contents by using orthogonal coding signals, and simultaneously combines the MIMO technology and the inquiry response technology, thereby achieving high gain, reducing a communication error rate, and improving an anti-interception performance.
In addition, in the embodiment, the response content is spread by using the orthogonal coding signal, so that a narrow beam which does not synthesize high gain is superimposed in the space, but a wide beam with low gain is formed, thereby simultaneously realizing energy coverage for a large spatial domain range.
Example two
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart of another MIMO-based cluster target cooperative response method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is mainly applied to an interrogator, and specifically includes:
step 1: sending an inquiry signal to acquire a response signal; the response signals are respectively spread by orthogonal coding signals according to a specific array and are sent out by the specific array.
Specifically, after the interrogator sends out the interrogation signal, the interrogator receives the response signal from the cluster responder, and the response signal is sent out by the characteristic matrix by spreading the response content respectively by using the orthogonal coding signal according to the specific matrix, wherein the specific spreading method and the characteristic matrix for the response content refer to the first embodiment, which is not described herein again.
Step 2: and obtaining a receiving signal according to the response signal.
Specifically, the pitch angle θ of the signal source (i.e., the cluster transponder) is the z-axis and the line connecting the origin (interrogator) to the signal sourceAngle of included angle, azimuth angle
Is the angle between the projection of the connecting line from the origin to the signal source on the plane xoy and the x-axis, each array element receives the response signal from the cluster, which can be described by the following formula:
wherein, wj[n]Receiving the noise of the channel for each array element, wherein n is the length of a received data code element;
which represents the time delay of the incoming wave signal to the elements of the interrogator.
The received signal can be expressed as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
m is the array element number of the interrogator, and w represents the receiving channel noise of the interrogator.
And step 3: and decoding the received signal to obtain the response content.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a model for processing received data according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:
31) and performing matched filtering on the received signals to obtain filtered data.
Specifically, when the matching filtering is performed, since the response signal is spread via the orthogonal code signal, the characteristic of the product by kronecker
Then the form of the orthogonal code set used for matched filtering can be derived from this property as:
wherein, ciThe orthogonal code signals corresponding to each individual unit of the cluster are represented by s, the response signal transmitted by the cluster is represented by i 1,2,3, … …, N, sum (), and the sum is represented by N.
The form of the matched filter for each channel of the interrogator is thus described as:
wherein, IsIs a unit matrix, and s is the symbol length of the response signal.
The filtered data can be expressed as:
32) and reordering the filtered data to obtain reordered data.
Specifically, the form of the data after rearrangement to obtain matching is represented as:
Y＝Vec[η11,…,η1N,…,ηM1,…,ηMN]，
where Vec (-) represents the pile-up matrix column vector operation.
The rearranged data may be represented as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
33) and performing weighted filtering on the rearranged data to obtain response content.
In this embodiment, since the incoming wave signal at the cluster can be regarded as a plane wave for the interrogator, the steering vector of the interrogator can be described by the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
by using
And performing weighted filtering on the rearranged data to obtain response content ss received by the interrogator, wherein the content ss is expressed as:
ss＝wHY。
and finishing the cluster target cooperative response process based on the MIMO technology.
EXAMPLE III
On the basis of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, this embodiment provides an inquiry response system, which includes a cluster responder and an interrogator, where the cluster responder performs an inquiry response by using the MIMO technology-based cluster target cooperative response method provided in the first embodiment, and the interrogator performs an inquiry response by using the MIMO technology-based cluster target cooperative response method provided in the second embodiment.
Specifically, please refer to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a query response flow of the query response system according to the embodiment of the present invention; for the specific inquiry and response process, reference is made to the above first embodiment and second embodiment, which are not described herein again.
Example four
The beneficial effects of the present invention are further explained by simulation experiments.
Simulation 1: under near field conditions, a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the cluster placement position.
Making the vertical distance R between the interrogator and the cluster 100km, the number N of the cluster targets 50, the aperture and the Dx＝5km，Dy＝5km，ftFor the transponder frequency, 1.09GHz is taken, and the minimum distance dc between each individual unit of the cluster is 50m, so that the array element position map optimized according to the genetic algorithm when the cluster responds is shown in fig. 6.
Simulation 2: with known trunked arrays, the interrogating party forms a trunked transmit pattern
Setting beam pointing
Theta is-45 to 45 degrees,
is-45 deg. to 45 deg..
The cluster response array shown in fig. 6 is used to obtain the cluster transmission directional diagram shown in fig. 7 and fig. 8, where fig. 7 is a normalized azimuth directional diagram tangent plane, and fig. 8 is a normalized elevation directional diagram tangent plane. As can be seen from the array signal processing, the array aperture is large, the formed main beam is narrow, the grating lobe is low, and the energy leakage is less, and fig. 5 and 6 just verify the characteristics.
Simulation 3: interrogator multi-antenna integration
The interrogator is a uniform circular array, M is 64, the radius r of the circular array is 1.97M, and the SNR range is-20: 20 (dB). The communication error characteristics are as shown in fig. 9. As can be seen from the error code characteristic curve in fig. 9, the error rate is lower than 10 after the signal-to-noise ratio is higher than 0dB-1The signal to noise ratio is almost 0 above the bit error rate after 9 dB.
In conclusion, simulation experiments verify the correctness, the effectiveness and the reliability of the method.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or part of the steps for realizing the method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program executes the steps comprising the method embodiments when executed; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A cluster target cooperative response method based on MIMO technology is applied to a cluster responder, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring an interrogation signal;
transmitting a response signal to an interrogator in a characteristic pattern based on the interrogation signal; the response signal is obtained by spreading the response content by adopting an orthogonal code signal.
2. The MIMO technology-based cluster target cooperative response method according to claim 1, further comprising, before sending the response signal to the query end in a characteristic pattern based on the query signal:
a specific pattern is established when the cluster responds.
3. The MIMO technology-based cluster target cooperative response method according to claim 2, wherein the specific matrix for establishing the cluster response includes:
acquiring a cluster emission directional diagram;
constructing a fitness function according to the cluster emission directional diagram;
and taking the fitness function as a target function, and performing optimization solution by adopting a genetic algorithm to obtain a specific array type during cluster response.
4. The MIMO technology-based cluster target cooperative response method of claim 3, wherein the fitness function has an expression as follows:
wherein fit (x, y) represents a fitness function, E (u) represents a cluster transmission directional diagram, FFmaxDenotes the main lobe peak, x ═ x1,x2,…,xN]TAnd y ═ y1,y2,…,yN]TRespectively representing cluster x-axis and y-axis coordinates, ()TIndicating transposition.
5. The MIMO technology-based cluster target cooperative response method according to claim 1, wherein the response signal has a model expression as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
τi＝r(xi,yi)/c,i＝1,2,…,N，
θ,
respectively representing a pitch scanning angle and an azimuth scanning angle, N representing the number of each body unit in the cluster, ftIndicating the transponder frequency, S the response content, C the orthogonally coded signal, CThe speed of light.
6. A cluster target cooperative response method based on MIMO technology is applied to an interrogator, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
sending an inquiry signal to acquire a response signal; the response signals are respectively spread by adopting orthogonal coding signals according to a specific array type and are sent out by the characteristic array type;
obtaining a receiving signal according to the response signal;
and decoding the received signal to obtain response content.
7. The MIMO technology-based cluster target cooperative response method of claim 6, wherein the received signal is expressed by:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
θ,
respectively representing a pitch scan angle and an azimuth scan angle, λ represents a wavelength, ftIndicating the frequency of the responder, S indicating the content of the responder, C indicating an orthogonal code signal, w indicating the receiving channel noise of the interrogator, and M indicating the array element number of the interrogator.
8. The MIMO technology based cluster target cooperative response method of claim 6, wherein decoding the received signal to obtain response content comprises:
performing matched filtering on the received signal to obtain filtered data;
reordering the filtered data to obtain reordered data;
and carrying out weighted filtering on the rearranged data to obtain response content.
9. An inquiry response system, comprising a cluster responder and an interrogator, wherein the cluster responder adopts the cluster target cooperative response method based on the MIMO technology according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when performing inquiry response, and the interrogator adopts the cluster target cooperative response method based on the MIMO technology according to any one of claims 6 to 8 when performing inquiry response.
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Application publication date: 20210420 |