CN112688437A - Single-capacitor coupled wireless electric energy transmission device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a single-capacitor coupled wireless electric energy transmission device, which comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end and is characterized in that: the transmitting end is provided with a transmitting polar plate and a primary side compensation structure, the receiving end is provided with a receiving polar plate and a secondary side compensation structure, and non-contact electric transmission of electric energy is realized through an alternating electric field between a single capacitor formed by the transmitting polar plate of the transmitting end and the receiving polar plate of the receiving end. The effect is as follows: compared with the traditional capacitive coupling type wireless electric energy transmission mode, the capacitive coupling type wireless electric energy transmission device has the advantages that the single capacitor is simple in structure, only one pair of metal polar plates are needed, the system cost is reduced, the structural flexibility is higher, the requirement on structural space is lower, the capacitive coupling type wireless electric energy transmission device is particularly suitable for being applied to wireless power supply or charging of two-dimensional plane mobile equipment, and meanwhile, the single capacitor system is more beneficial to passing through metal barriers and achieving wireless electric energy transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wireless power transmission technology, in particular to a single-capacitor coupled wireless power transmission device.
Background
The Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology refers to a technology of comprehensively applying an electrical engineering theory, a Power electronic technology, a control theory, a control technology and the like, and realizing transmission of electric energy from a Power grid or a battery to an electric device in a non-electrical contact manner by using carriers such as a magnetic field, an electric field, microwaves and the like.
Two commonly used Wireless Power transmission modes are Magnetic-field Coupled Wireless Power Transfer (MC-WPT) and Electric-field Coupled Wireless Power Transfer (EC-WPT), and in recent years, MC-WPT has been broken through in theory and technology and is the most mature in industrial application. Electric fields are similar to magnetic fields in many characteristics and are also dual in basic theory, and researchers at home and abroad pay high attention to and develop research on the EC-WPT technology. The EC-WPT system adopts an electric field as an electric energy transmission medium and has the following advantages: the coupling mechanism is simple, light and thin, easy to deform and low in cost; in the working state, most of electric flux of the electric field coupling mechanism is distributed between the electrodes, and the electromagnetic interference to the surrounding environment is small; can transmit energy through metal barriers; little eddy current losses are generated around and on the metallic conductors between the coupling means.
However, in the current research of EC-WPT systems, the coupling mechanism of the system needs to use two pairs of metal plates to form a complete electrical loop, so as to transmit the electrical energy from the transmitting end to the receiving end, and the two pairs of coupling plates often cause the following problems: the mobile electric equipment has poor flexibility under the restriction of two pairs of metal plates; meanwhile, two pairs of metal plates can cause cross-coupling capacitance, so that the tuning of the system is more difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above drawbacks, the present invention is directed to a single-capacitor coupled wireless power transmission apparatus, in which two pairs of metal plates are replaced by a pair of metal plates, and a non-contact electrical transmission of electrical energy is realized only by an alternating electric field between a single capacitor formed by the pair of metal plates, so that a cross-coupling capacitor is not generated in a coupling mechanism, and the tuning is easier, the flexibility is better, and the implementation is more convenient.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a wireless power transmission device of single capacitor coupling, includes transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, its key lies in: the transmitting end is provided with a transmitting polar plate and a primary side compensation structure, the receiving end is provided with a receiving polar plate and a secondary side compensation structure, and non-contact electric transmission of electric energy is realized through an alternating electric field between a single capacitor formed by the transmitting polar plate of the transmitting end and the receiving polar plate of the receiving end.
The device provided by the invention can be used as a coupling mechanism of a wireless electric energy transmission system, the transmitting end and the receiving end realize electric field coupling only by virtue of a pair of metal polar plates, so that the device is equivalent to an electric field coupling mechanism based on a single capacitor, the wireless energy transmission from the transmitting end to the receiving end is realized, only the relative position of the pair of polar plates is considered during the structural design, the installation is convenient, and the space constraint of the coupling structure can be effectively overcome.
Optionally, the primary side compensation structure is provided with a resonant inductance Lf1And a resonance capacitor Cf1The transmitting polar plate is electrically connected with the resonant inductor Lf1And a resonance capacitor Cf1On the common connection end, the secondary side compensation structure is provided with a resonance inductor Lj1And a resonance capacitor Cj1A secondary side resonance compensation circuit is formed, and the receiving polar plate is electrically connected with the resonance inductor Lj1And a resonance capacitor Cj1On the common connection terminal.
Optionally, an inverter circuit is disposed at the transmitting end, an input end of the inverter circuit is used for connecting a direct-current power supply, and an output end of the inverter circuit is connected to the primary side resonance compensation circuit.
Optionally, a dc power supply is provided at the transmitting end, and the dc power supply is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.
Optionally, the dc power supply of the transmitting end may be provided by a storage battery or other dc power supply devices, or may be supplied to the inverter circuit after being converted into a dc power supply by a rectifying circuit using a power frequency ac power supply.
Optionally, a secondary rectification filter circuit is arranged at the receiving end, an input end of the secondary rectification filter circuit is connected with the secondary resonance compensation circuit, and an output end of the secondary rectification filter circuit supplies power to a load.
Optionally, the primary side resonance compensation circuit and the secondary side resonance compensation circuit are both LC resonance compensation circuits.
Optionally, the primary side resonance compensation circuit and the secondary side resonance compensation circuit have the same resonance frequency, and the corresponding component parameter settings are the same.
Optionally, the transmitting electrode plate is configured as a circular plane plate, a square plane plate or a cylindrical electrode plate, and the receiving electrode plate is correspondingly configured as a circular plane plate, a square plane plate or a cylindrical electrode plate.
Optionally, when the transmitting plate and the receiving plate are both arranged as cylindrical plates, they may be arranged at different radii and nested.
The invention has the following effects:
compared with the traditional capacitive coupling type wireless electric energy transmission mode, the capacitive coupling type wireless electric energy transmission method has the advantages that the single capacitor is simple in structure, only one pair of metal polar plates are needed, the system cost is reduced, the structural flexibility is higher, cross coupling capacitance cannot be generated, the system tuning is more convenient, meanwhile, the requirement on the structural space is lower, the capacitive coupling type wireless electric energy transmission method is particularly suitable for wireless power supply or charging of two-dimensional plane mobile equipment, and meanwhile, the single capacitor system is more beneficial to penetrating through metal obstacles, and wireless electric energy transmission is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a telescopic single-capacitor electric field coupling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an equivalent circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
The figure is marked with: 1-direct current power supply, 2-inverter circuit, 3-primary side resonance compensation circuit, 4-secondary side resonance compensation circuit, 5-secondary side rectification filter circuit and 6-load
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a single-capacitor coupled wireless power transmission device, which includes a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the transmitting end is provided with a dc power supply 1, an inverter circuit 2, a primary side resonance compensation circuit 3 and a transmitting electrode plate, and the receiving end is provided with a receiving electrode plate, a secondary side resonance compensation circuit 4, a secondary side rectification filter circuit 5 and a load 6; electric field coupling is generated between the transmitting polar plate of the transmitting end and the receiving polar plate of the receiving end to realize wireless electric energy transmission.
During specific implementation, the transmitting end can be directly provided with the direct current power supply 1 and connected with the input end of the inverter circuit 2, and can also be provided with a power frequency alternating current power supply and a primary side rectifying circuit, so that the power frequency alternating current power supply is converted into a direct current power supply through the rectifying circuit and then supplies power for the inverter circuit. As can be seen from fig. 1, the inverter circuit 2 may employ 4 MOSFETs S1-S4Forming a full bridge inverter with its input terminalA DC power supply is connected, the output end is connected with a primary side resonance compensation circuit 3, the primary side resonance compensation circuit 3 in the embodiment is composed of a resonance inductor Lf1And a resonance capacitor Cf1Formed by series connection of transmitting polar plates electrically connected to a resonant inductor Lf1And a resonance capacitor Cf1On the common connection terminal. The same secondary side resonance compensation circuit 4 consists of a resonance inductor Lj1And a resonance capacitor Cj1Formed by connecting in series, the receiving polar plate being electrically connected to the resonant inductor Lj1And a resonance capacitor Cj1The secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit 5 consists of a full-bridge rectifying circuit and a filtering capacitor CoThe input end of the secondary resonance compensation circuit is connected with the secondary resonance compensation circuit 4, the output end of the secondary resonance compensation circuit supplies power for the load 6, the transmitting polar plate and the receiving polar plate can be made of copper, aluminum or other metal materials and can be arranged into a circular plane plate, a square plane plate, a cylindrical polar plate and any other shape, when the transmitting polar plate and the receiving polar plate are designed into the cylindrical polar plate, the transmitting polar plate and the receiving polar plate can be arranged according to different radiuses and in a nested mode, as shown in figure 2, the polar1And a polar plate P2Cylindrical polar plates can be adopted and mutually nested to form a single-capacitor electric field coupling mechanism, media among the polar plates can be air, water or other insulating media, and the size, the shape, the size and the spacing of the coupling mechanism are determined by the requirements of charging application places.
In the system formed by the device shown in fig. 1, the direct-current voltage is converted into high-frequency alternating current through the full-bridge inverter circuit and injected into the LC compensation network, the LC compensation network can reduce the reactive power of the system and improve the power factor, and meanwhile, because the alternating-current waveform converted by the inverter is square wave, the harmonic wave can be reduced by utilizing the inductance-capacitance resonance, and the boosting effect is realized. The single-capacitor transmitting electrode plate generates an alternating voltage to the virtual ground end, an alternating electric field is formed between the single-capacitor transmitting electrode plate and the single-capacitor receiving electrode plate, the alternating voltage relative to the virtual ground end is generated on the receiving electrode plate, electric energy is transmitted to the receiving end from the transmitting end, the receiving end compensation network transmits the electric energy to the rectifier after resonance of the inductor and the capacitor, the rectifier converts high-frequency alternating current into direct current to supply power to a load, and the transmitting end of the system can be grounded or ungrounded, and the receiving end is ungrounded.
In the process of implementing the system, the shape and geometric parameters of the coupling mechanism are determined by the requirements of the actual application site. As can be seen from the system architecture diagram, the receiving end of the system does not need to be grounded, and experiments prove that the device can transmit power, which means that current must pass through the pole plate and is transferred from the transmitting end to the receiving end. Therefore, in the present invention, a virtual ground is defined, the receiving end is connected to the virtual ground, and the equivalent circuit diagram of the system is shown in fig. 3.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the dc power supply 1 converts dc power into ac power through the inverter circuit 2, which is equivalent to the ac power supply uin. Transmitting end load RLCan be equivalent to a resistance Req，RLThe relationship between the equivalent resistance and the load resistance is as follows:
the transmitting terminal compensation network is composed of an inductor Lf1And a capacitor Cf1Composition of, inductor Lf1And a capacitor Cf1Resonance and hence capacitance Cf1The voltage across can be obtained by:
in the formula of UinFor the supply input voltage, Rf1Is the internal resistance of the inductor.
The simultaneous resonance frequency may be represented by the following equation:
in order to reduce the volume and R of the inductorf1Inductance Lf1And a capacitor Cf1Should be designed to have low series equivalent resistance, high quality factor Q, etc. Empirically, the inductance Lf1The inductance resistance R is generally set within 100uHf1Can be measured by an electric bridge, the frequency being determined by the actual demandAnd (4) determining. After the inductance value and the frequency are determined, the capacitance C can be calculated according to the formula (3)f1The value of (c). After the parameters of the reactive element of the system are set, the capacitance C can be obtained through the formula (2)f1The voltage of (c).
The secondary side resonance compensation network is composed of an inductor Lj1And a capacitor Cj1The inductance L is used for ensuring that the resonance frequency of the receiving end compensation network is consistent with that of the transmitting end compensation networkj1And a capacitor Cj1Also designed into a resonant network, and the value of the resonant network is consistent with that of the transmitting terminal, and the output voltage U isoutDetermined by the demand of the load. Capacitor Cf1The voltage across can be calculated by:
for the application condition of centimeter-level transmission distance, the excitation voltage of the electric field coupling mechanism generally has higher requirement so as to ensure that a strong enough interaction electric field can be formed between the two polar plates, and electric energy wireless transmission is realized. However, considering the safety problem of leakage field radiation, the voltage at two ends of the coupling polar plate is not too high, and the voltage at two ends of the coupling polar plate can be determined according to actual requirements and parameters of the reactive element inductance are further constrained through formulas (2) and (4).
In order to further verify the technical effect of the invention, an experimental system is set up for testing according to the topological structure in fig. 1 and a corresponding parameter design method, and the experimental system consists of a high-frequency full-bridge inverter, a transmitting end LC compensation network, a single-capacitor transmitting pole plate, a single-capacitor receiving pole plate, a receiving end LC compensation network and a load. The high-frequency full-bridge inverter uses 4 MOSFETs of type IMZ120R060M1, the inductor is formed by winding 0.04 × 1200 high-frequency litz wires, the capacitor is a high-frequency high-voltage-resistant capacitor, and the rectifier is composed of 4 diodes of type HFA08TB 60.
The transmitting polar plate and the receiving polar plate of the single-capacitor coupling mechanism are composed of two aluminum plates which are opposite to each other to form a capacitor Cs. Two 300 × 300mm square aluminum plates are used as a single-capacitor coupling structure in the experiment, and the distance between the two aluminum plates is set to be 30mm, which are separated using wood blocks.
The capacitance value of the single-capacitor coupling mechanism can be obtained through high-frequency bridge measurement, and the resonant angular frequency of the system in the experiment is selected to be 1MHz and the inductance L according to experiencef1And Lj1Set to 83.8uH and 84.5uH, respectively, with some deviation due to winding error. The capacitance C in the system can be obtained by the formula (3)f1And Cj1The load is 120 Ω, and an electronic load is used. The design parameters of the single-capacitor coupling power wireless transmission device are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 values of System parameters
Through experimental tests, the transmitting end and the receiving end are separated by two polar plates, the receiving end of the transmitting end is not grounded, the electric bulb obtains electric energy to enable the bulb to emit light, the output power is 102W, and the efficiency can reach 71.8%.
In summary, the invention provides a single-capacitor coupled wireless power transmission device, which can realize electric field coupled wireless power transmission by only one pair of metal plates, thereby reducing system cost, solving the problem of capacitive cross coupling, facilitating system tuning and flexibility, being particularly suitable for wireless power supply or charging of two-dimensional plane mobile equipment, and simultaneously being more beneficial for the single-capacitor system to pass through metal obstacles and realizing wireless power transmission.
In addition, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; for example, depending on the position where the coupling mechanism and its auxiliary circuit are disposed, the transmitting plate or the receiving plate may be disposed on the coupling mechanism alone, or any one or more combinations of the dc power supply, the inverter circuit, and the primary side resonance compensation circuit may be disposed on the coupling mechanism, or disposed outside the coupling mechanism, and such changes are all within the scope of the claims and the description of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A single-capacitor coupled wireless power transmission device comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, and is characterized in that: the transmitting end is provided with a transmitting polar plate and a primary side compensation structure, the receiving end is provided with a receiving polar plate and a secondary side compensation structure, and non-contact electric transmission of electric energy is realized through an alternating electric field between a single capacitor formed by the transmitting polar plate of the transmitting end and the receiving polar plate of the receiving end.
2. A single capacitor coupled wireless power transfer device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the primary side compensation structure is provided with a resonance inductor Lf1And a resonance capacitor Cf1The transmitting polar plate is electrically connected with the resonant inductor Lf1And a resonance capacitor Cf1On the common connection end, the secondary side compensation structure is provided with a resonance inductor Lj1And a resonance capacitor Cj1A secondary side resonance compensation circuit is formed, and the receiving polar plate is electrically connected with the resonance inductor Lj1And a resonance capacitor Cj1On the common connection terminal.
3. A single capacitor coupled wireless power transfer device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and an inverter circuit is arranged at the transmitting end, the input end of the inverter circuit is used for connecting a direct-current power supply, and the output end of the inverter circuit is connected with the primary side resonance compensation circuit.
4. A single capacitor coupled wireless power transfer device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and a direct current power supply is arranged at the transmitting end and is connected with the input end of the inverter circuit.
5. A single capacitor coupled wireless power transfer device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the direct current power supply of the transmitting end can be provided by a storage battery or other direct current power supply equipment, and a power frequency alternating current power supply can also be used for supplying power for the inverter circuit after being converted into the direct current power supply through the rectifying circuit.
6. A single capacitor coupled wireless power transfer device as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein: and a secondary side rectification filter circuit is arranged at the receiving end, the input end of the secondary side rectification filter circuit is connected with the secondary side resonance compensation circuit, and the output end of the secondary side rectification filter circuit supplies power for a load.
7. A single capacitor coupled wireless power transfer device as claimed in claim 6, wherein: and the primary side resonance compensation circuit and the secondary side resonance compensation circuit are both LC resonance compensation circuits.
8. A single capacitor coupled wireless power transfer device as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the primary side resonance compensation circuit and the secondary side resonance compensation circuit have the same resonance frequency and the same corresponding component parameter setting.
9. A single capacitor coupled wireless power transfer device as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein: the transmitting polar plate is set to be a circular plane plate, a square plane plate or a cylindrical polar plate, and the receiving polar plate is correspondingly set to be a circular plane plate, a square plane plate or a cylindrical polar plate.
10. A single capacitor coupled wireless power transfer device as claimed in claim 9, wherein: when the transmitting polar plate and the receiving polar plate are both arranged into cylindrical polar plates, the transmitting polar plate and the receiving polar plate can be arranged according to different radiuses in an embedded mode.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11201606B2 (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2021-12-14 | Institute Of Geology And Geophysics, The Chinese Academy Of Sciences | CSAMT transmitter |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109525046A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-26 | 东南大学 | Bilateral LCLC type CPT system operating frequency point selection and polar plate voltage optimization method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109525046A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-26 | 东南大学 | Bilateral LCLC type CPT system operating frequency point selection and polar plate voltage optimization method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| LIXIANG JACKIE ZOU 等: "A Single-Wire Capacitive Power Transfer System with Large Coupling Alignment Tolerance"", 《2017 IEEE PELS WORKSHOP ON EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES:WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER(WOW)》 * |
| XINGRAN GAO 等: ""A Novel Capacitive Power System with a Single Coupling Capacitor"", 《2017 CHINESE AUTOMATION CONGRESS(CAC)》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11201606B2 (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2021-12-14 | Institute Of Geology And Geophysics, The Chinese Academy Of Sciences | CSAMT transmitter |
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Application publication date: 20210420 |