CN112688323B - Power system cascading failure blocking method based on active minimum generator tripping - Google Patents
Power system cascading failure blocking method based on active minimum generator tripping Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a power system cascading failure blocking method based on an active minimum generator tripping, which is used for solving the problem of power system cascading failure caused by line overload in the prior art. A calculation method of the minimum machine cutting amount for blocking the cascading failure is provided; meanwhile, power supply power constraint, load capacity constraint and balance node regulation speed constraint are considered, and a verification method for verifying the minimum obtained machine cutting amount is provided; meanwhile, a correction method of the minimum cutting machine amount is provided aiming at the condition that the minimum cutting machine amount does not meet the constraint. The method can maximally utilize the power control capability of a power supply in the power system, quickly recover the power of the overload power transmission line, and reduce the load shedding power of the generator tripping as much as possible, thereby effectively blocking the cascading failure of the power system, reducing the blocking cost and improving the stability of the power system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cascading failure control of a power system, in particular to a cascading failure blocking method of the power system based on an active minimum generator tripping.
Background
In recent years, a plurality of blackout accidents occur worldwide, and these blackout accidents are often caused by cascading failures. With the continuous expansion of the scale of the ultrahigh voltage interconnected power grid in China, once a cascading failure event occurs, great loss is caused. Therefore, how to correctly and effectively control the cascading failure risk has important significance for ensuring safe and reliable operation of the power grid. Researches show that the load flow transfer and overload trip caused by random faults are an important factor for inducing cascading faults, and control measures are adopted to eliminate the overload and avoid the occurrence of the cascading overload trip.
Some researchers have sought to avoid cascading failures through improvements in protection principles and tuning methods. However, this method can only delay the line cutting to provide more time for the emergency control of the power grid, and cannot completely avoid the line cutting or the operation quitting of a large number of elements after the line cutting, so that the cascading failure cannot be fundamentally avoided. At present, the load cutting machine is the most common mode for eliminating overload, and the overload power transmission line power can be recovered to be normal in a very short time through the load cutting machine. However, the generator tripping load inevitably causes a large economic loss and adversely affects the reliability of the power supply of the power system. Therefore, the generator tripping load power should be reduced as much as possible after the overload has occurred.
Research shows that after overload occurs, the safety of the transmission line is not threatened immediately, but the damage of the line is easily caused after the temperature of the line rises to the maximum allowable temperature. The temperature rise process of the line is slow because the control of the overload does not need to be completed immediately. The power supply in the power system has power regulation capability, and the power of the overload power transmission line can be reduced through the regulation of the power supply. Therefore, the safety recovery of the overload power transmission line can be realized by combining the cutting load of the generator tripping and the adjustment of the power supply power, so that the cascading failure is blocked under the condition that the cutting load of the generator tripping is as small as possible, and the economical efficiency, safety and stability of the system are guaranteed. However, how to control the overload in combination with the cutting load of the cutting machine and the adjustment of the power supply power at present lacks the support of a theoretical method, and is difficult to obtain a safe and reliable scheme.
In summary, how to provide a new cascading failure blocking method, on the premise of reducing the load of the generator tripping as much as possible and ensuring the safety and stability of the system, the control of the overload becomes a problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a power system cascading failure blocking method based on an active minimum generator tripping. A calculation method of the minimum machine cutting amount for blocking the cascading failure is provided; meanwhile, power supply power constraint, load capacity constraint and balance node regulation speed constraint are considered, and a verification method for verifying the minimum obtained machine cutting amount is provided; meanwhile, a correction method of the minimum cutting machine amount is provided aiming at the condition that the minimum cutting machine amount does not meet the constraint. The method can maximally utilize the power control capability of a power supply in the power system, quickly recover the power of the overload power transmission line, and reduce the generator tripping load power as much as possible, thereby effectively blocking the cascading failure of the power system, reducing the blocking cost and improving the stability of the power system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a power system cascading failure blocking method based on an active minimum generator tripping comprises the following steps:
s101, when the power transmission line is overloaded, sequencing nodes of the synchronous generators, load nodes and power nodes including the synchronous generators and the new energy power source from large to small according to power sensitivity, taking the node of the synchronous generator with the power sensitivity sequencing 1 as a generator tripping node, taking the node of the load with the power sensitivity sequencing 1 as a load tripping node, and taking the node of the power source with the power sensitivity sequencing k as a balance node, and calculating the minimum generator tripping amount required for ensuring the safety recovery of the overloaded power transmission line
S102, checking whether the minimum machine cutting amount meets power supply capacity constraint, load capacity constraint and balance node power regulation speed constraint; if yes, recording the minimum cutting machine amount as an ideal cutting machine amount, and executing S106; if the power supply capacity constraint is not met, executing S103; if the load capacity constraint is not satisfied, executing S104; if the power regulation speed constraint of the balance node is not met, executing S105;
s103, under the condition of cutting off all the generator sets of the generator tripping nodes, taking the next synchronous generator node of the current generator tripping node as a new generator tripping node according to power sensitivity sequencing, recalculating the minimum generator tripping amount required for ensuring the safety recovery of the overloaded transmission line, and returning to execute the step S102;
s104, under the condition of cutting off all non-important loads of the load nodes, recalculating the minimum machine switching amount required for ensuring the safety recovery of the overloaded power transmission line by taking the next load node of the current load switching node as a new load switching node according to the power sensitivity sequence, and returning to execute the step S102;
s105, under the condition that the power regulation speed of the balance node is the limit landslide speed, the next power supply node of the current balance node is used as a new balance node according to the power sensitivity sequence, the minimum machine cutting amount required for ensuring the safety recovery of the overloaded power transmission line is recalculated, and the step S102 is executed again;
and S106, calculating the feasible generator tripping amount, and generating an optimal generator tripping load scheme for ensuring the safety recovery of the overload line according to the ideal generator tripping amount.
Preferably, in step S101, the minimum tripping amount required for safety recovery of the overloaded power transmission line
Calculated by solving the following equation:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in the formula, H s1 And H B1 Respectively ordering the power sensitivity of the 1 st synchronous generator node and the power sensitivity of the 1 st load node for the power sensitivity; h Gx And H Gk The power sensitivity of the power supply node of the xth power supply node and the power sensitivity of the power supply node of the kth power supply node are sorted for power sensitivity respectively; r Gxd And R Gxu Limiting landslide of the power supply node of which the power sensitivity order is x and climbing speed of the power supply node of which the power sensitivity order is x; r Gk0 Power adjustment speed when the kth power supply node is used as a balance node for power sensitivity sequencing; p s10 Ordering the output power of the 1 st synchronous generator node before overload for power sensitivity; delta T 0c ＝T 0 -T c,max Is the difference between the maximum tolerance temperature and the normal operation stability of the transmission line, wherein T c,max For maximum withstand temperature, T, of the transmission line 0 The temperature of the transmission line during normal operation; b is 1 、 B 2 、B 3 And B 4 ，K 1 、K 2 And K 3 Are all calculated coefficients, B 1 ＝K 2 /K 3 ；
B 4 ＝K 3 /K 1 ；v p Indicating the speed of regulation of the overloaded line, C the calculation parameter, P L0 Representing the initial overload power, n G Representing the total number of power supply nodes, R, involved in regulation s1 Power regulation speed, T, representing Pre-trip Power sensitivity ranking 1 st Power node a Represents the absolute temperature of the environment;
R Gk0 calculated as follows:
coefficient K 1 、K 2 、K 3 Calculated as follows:
in the formula, v L Is the wire density; r is L Is the wire radius; c. C L The specific heat capacity of the wire is shown; rho L Is the wire resistivity; u shape L0 Is the line voltage; m L Is the convective heat dissipation coefficient; n is a radical of L Is the radiative heat dissipation coefficient.
Preferably, in step S102, it is determined that the minimum number of machine cutters satisfies the power supply capacity constraint when the following relationship is satisfied:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the minimum machine switching amount is obtained when the synchronous generator node of the power sensitivity sequencing alpha is used as a machine switching node, the load node of the power sensitivity sequencing gamma is used as a load switching node, and the power source node of the power sensitivity sequencing beta is used as a balance node; p sα0 Sequencing the power of the alpha-th synchronous generator node before overload for power sensitivity;
determining that the minimum amount of machine shedding satisfies a load capacity constraint when the following relationship is satisfied:
in the formula, P Bγ0 And P Bγ,min Respectively ordering the total load and the important load of the gamma-th load node for the power sensitivity of the transmission line before overload;
judging that the minimum cutting machine amount meets the power regulation speed constraint of the balance node when the following relation is met:
in the formula, R Gβd Limiting landslide, R, of power supply nodes representing power sensitivity order beta Gβ0 Speed of power regulation, R, when power supply node representing power sensitivity order beta is used as balance node Gβu Representing the ramp rate, P, of the power supply node of the power sensitivity order beta sα0 Representing the output power before overload of the nodes of the synchronous generator of the power sensitivity order alpha, R sα Indicating the power regulation speed of the power supply node of the pre-tripping power sensitivity order alpha.
Preferably, in step S103, when the power sensitivity ranking α -th synchronous generator node is used as the generator tripping node, the power sensitivity ranking γ -th synchronous generator nodeWhen the minimum cutting amount when the load node is used as a load cutting node and the power supply node with the power sensitivity sequencing beta is used as a balance node does not meet the power supply capacity constraint, all the sets of the synchronous generator nodes with the power sensitivity sequencing 1 st to alpha and all the non-important loads of the load nodes with the power sensitivity sequencing 1 st to gamma-1 are cut, the power regulation speeds of the power supply nodes with the power sensitivity sequencing k th to beta-1 are the limiting landslide speeds, and the minimum cutting amount
Obtained by solving the following equation:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in the formula, P si0 Sequencing the output Power before overload of the i-th synchronous Generator node for Power sensitivity, P Bja Sorting the cuttable power of the jth load node for power sensitivity, H si And H Bj Respectively sequencing the power sensitivity of the ith synchronous generator node and the power sensitivity of the jth load node for the power sensitivities; h s(α+1) Ranking the power sensitivities of the α +1 th power supply nodes for power sensitivity; p Btγ Ordering the load shedding power, H, of the γ -th load node for power sensitivity Bγ Ranking power sensitivities of the γ -th load node for power sensitivities; r is sid Ranking the limit landslide speeds of the ith synchronous generator node for power sensitivity; p is s(α+1)0 Sequencing the output Power before overload of the synchronous Generator node of the alpha +1 st for Power sensitivity, R s(α+1)d To the power sensitivityOrdering the limit landslide speeds of the alpha +1 th synchronous generator node; Δ R Gβ Ordering the power supply node power regulation speed variation, H, of the power sensitivity Gβ Ranking the power sensitivities of the power supply nodes of the betath for power sensitivity; h Gv Ranking the power sensitivities of the vth power supply nodes for power sensitivity; p Lu Representing the sudden change of the power of the overload line generated by the load cutting of the generator cutter; Δ R Gv ，ΔR Gk Respectively satisfy:
ΔR Gv ＝-(R Gvd +R Gvu )
ΔR Gk ＝-(R Gkd -R Gk0 )
in the formula, R Gvd And R Gvu The limiting landslide speed and the limiting climbing speed of the power supply node with the power sensitivity ranking vth are respectively ranked for power sensitivity.
Preferably, in step S104, when the minimum amount of machine switching when the synchronous generator node with the power sensitivity ranking α is used as a machine switching node, the load node with the power sensitivity ranking γ is used as a load switching node, and the power source node with the power sensitivity ranking β is used as a balance node does not satisfy the load capacity constraint, all the sets of the synchronous generator nodes with the power sensitivity ranking 1 to α -1 and all the non-important loads of the load nodes with the power sensitivity ranking 1 to γ are switched off, the power regulation speeds of the power source nodes with the power sensitivity ranking k to β -1 are all the limiting landslide speeds, and the minimum amount of machine switching is the minimum amount of machine switching
Obtained by solving the following equation:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in the formula, P Bt(γ+1) Load shedding power, H, for the γ +1 th load node ranked for power sensitivity B(γ+1) The power sensitivities of the γ +1 th load node are ranked for power sensitivity.
Preferably, in step S105, when the minimum amount of machine cutting when the synchronous generator node with the power sensitivity ranking α is used as a machine cutting node, the load node with the power sensitivity ranking γ is used as a load cutting node, and the power source node with the power sensitivity ranking β is used as a balance node does not satisfy the power regulation speed constraint of the balance node, all the sets of the synchronous generator nodes with the power sensitivity ranking 1 to α -1 and all the non-important loads of the load nodes with the power sensitivity ranking 1 to γ -1 are cut off, the sets of the power source nodes with the power sensitivity ranking k to β are operated at the limited landslide speed, and the minimum amount of machine cutting is used
Obtained by solving the following equation:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in the formula,. DELTA.R G(β+1) The amount of change, H, in the power regulation speed of the power supply node of the order of β +1 for power sensitivity G(β+1) The power sensitivities of the power supply nodes of the β +1 th are ranked for power sensitivity.
Preferably, in step S106, the following formula is usedCalculating the minimum feasible tripping amount of the ith power sensitivity ordered synchronous generator node
In the formula, P m,si Ranking a certain group power of the ith synchronous generator node for power sensitivity; n is si Sorting the number of different unit powers in the ith synchronous generator node for power sensitivity; lambda mt,si Denotes the cutting power P m,si The number of units of (a), which satisfies:
in the formula, N m,si ＝{1,2,…n m,si }，N m,si Representing power sensitivity in the ith-ordered synchronous generator node m,si The number of units; p sti Ordering the ideal minimum chopper quantity, λ, of the ith synchronous generator node for power sensitivity m,si Indicating the generator tripping power is P m,s1 The number of units.
Preferably, when the ideal cutting amount is
Time-optimal generator cutting load scheme T s And T B Comprises the following steps:
in the formula, P s10 ,…P sα0 Representing the output power of the synchronous generator nodes of the 1 st to the alpha th in power sensitivity sequence before the overload of the line; p B10 ,P B20 ,……P B(γ-1)0 Load nodes representing power sensitivity ordering 1 st to gamma-1 stInput power before line overload;
is composed of
The corresponding feasible cutting amount;
load node load shedding amount representing power sensitivity ranking γ:
when the ideal cutting amount is
Time, optimal cutter load shedding scheme T s And T B Comprises the following steps:
in the formula, P s10 ,P s20 ,…P s(α-1)0 Representing the output power of the synchronous generator nodes with the power sensitivity sequence from 1 st to alpha-1 st before line overload; p B10 ,P B20 ,……P Bγ0 Representing the input power of the load nodes with the power sensitivity sequences from 1 st to gamma-1 st before the line overload;
is composed of
The corresponding feasible cutting amount;
load node load shedding amount representing power sensitivity ranking γ + 1:
when the ideal cutting amount is
Time-optimal generator cutting load scheme T s And T B Comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is composed of
The corresponding feasible cutting amount;
load node load shedding amount representing power sensitivity ranking γ:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) In the cascading failure blocking method, a calculation method of the minimum generator tripping amount for blocking the cascading failure is provided, and the safety recovery of the overload power transmission line can be guaranteed under the condition of the minimum generator tripping load amount, so that the cascading failure is blocked.
2) And a verification method for verifying the minimum machine cutting amount obtained by verification is provided by considering power supply power constraint, load capacity constraint and balance node regulation speed constraint.
3) Aiming at the condition that the minimum cutting machine amount does not meet the constraint, the correction method of the minimum cutting machine amount is provided.
Drawings
For purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a cascading failure blocking method of a power system based on an active minimum generator tripping according to the present invention;
fig. 2 and fig. 3 are control effect diagrams of a power system cascading failure blocking method based on an active minimum generator tripping according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses a blocking method for cascading failures of a power system based on an active minimum generator tripping, which comprises the following steps:
s101, when the power transmission line is overloaded, taking the synchronous generator node with the power sensitivity ranking of 1 st as a generator tripping node, taking the load node with the power sensitivity ranking of 1 st as a load shedding node, taking the power source node with the power sensitivity ranking of k as a balance node, and calculating the minimum generator tripping amount required for ensuring the safety recovery of the overloaded power transmission line; the power sensitivity is sorted from large to small;
s102, checking whether the minimum cutting machine amount meets power supply capacity constraint, load capacity constraint and balance node power regulation speed constraint; if yes, recording the minimum cutting machine amount as an ideal cutting machine amount, and executing S106; if the power supply capacity constraint is not met, executing S103; if the load capacity constraint is not satisfied, executing S104; if the power regulation speed constraint of the balance node is not met, executing S105;
s103, under the condition of cutting off all the generator sets of the generator tripping nodes, the next synchronous generator node of the current generator tripping node is used as a new generator tripping node according to power sensitivity sequencing, the minimum generator tripping amount required for ensuring the safety recovery of the overload power transmission line is recalculated, and the step S102 is executed;
s104, under the condition of cutting off all non-important loads of the load nodes (the power grid operation specification has division on the load importance degree, and the description is omitted here), recalculating the minimum machine switching amount required for ensuring the safety recovery of the overloaded power transmission line by taking the next load node of the current load switching node as a new load switching node according to the power sensitivity sequence, and returning to execute the step S102;
s105, under the condition that the power regulation speed of the balance node is the limit landslide speed, the next power supply node of the current balance node is used as a new balance node according to the power sensitivity sequence, the minimum machine cutting amount required for ensuring the safety recovery of the overloaded power transmission line is recalculated, and the step S102 is executed again;
and S106, calculating the feasible generator tripping amount, and generating an optimal generator tripping load scheme for ensuring the safety recovery of the overload line according to the ideal generator tripping amount.
In a specific implementation, in step S101, the following formula is solved to calculate:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in the formula, H s1 And H B1 Respectively ordering the power sensitivity of the 1 st synchronous generator node and the power sensitivity of the 1 st load node for the power sensitivity; h Gx And H Gk The power sensitivity of the power supply node of the xth power supply node and the power sensitivity of the power supply node of the kth power supply node are sorted for power sensitivity respectively; r Gxd And R Gxu Limiting landslide of the power supply node of which the power sensitivity order is x and climbing speed of the power supply node of which the power sensitivity order is x; r Gk0 Power adjustment speed when the kth power supply node is used as a balance node for power sensitivity sequencing; p s10 Ordering Power sensitivity1, output power before overload of a synchronous generator node; delta T 0c Denotes the temperature difference parameter, Δ T 0c ＝T 0 -T c,max Wherein T is c,max For maximum withstand temperature, T, of the transmission line 0 The temperature of the transmission line during normal operation; coefficient B 1 、B 2 、B 3 And B 4 ，K 1 、 K 2 And K 3 Are all calculated coefficients, B 1 ＝K 2 /K 3 ；
B 4 ＝K 3 /K 1 ； v p Indicating the speed of adjustment, C the calculation parameter,
when the synchronous generator node representing the 1 st power sensitivity ranking is used as a generator tripping node, the load node representing the 1 st power sensitivity ranking is used as a load tripping node, and the power source node representing the kth power sensitivity ranking is used as a balance node, the minimum generator tripping amount, P, required for ensuring the safety recovery of the overload power transmission line L0 Representing the initial overload power, n G Representing the total number of power supply nodes, R, involved in regulation s1 Indicating the Power Regulation speed, T, of Power supply node of Power sensitivity ranking 1 before switching off a Represents the absolute temperature of the environment;
R Gk0 calculated as follows:
coefficient K 1 、K 2 、K 3 Calculated as follows:
in the formula, v L Is the wire density; r is L Is the wire radius; c. C L The specific heat capacity of the wire is shown; rho L Is the wire resistivity; u shape L0 Is the line voltage; m L Is the convective heat dissipation coefficient; n is a radical of L Is the radiative heat dissipation coefficient.
In specific implementation, in step S102, it is determined that the minimum number of machine cutters satisfies the power supply capacity constraint when the following relationship is satisfied:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the minimum machine switching amount is obtained when the synchronous generator node of the power sensitivity sequencing alpha is used as a machine switching node, the load node of the power sensitivity sequencing gamma is used as a load switching node, and the power source node of the power sensitivity sequencing beta is used as a balance node; p sα0 Sequencing the power of the alpha-th synchronous generator node before overload for power sensitivity;
determining that the minimum amount of machine shedding satisfies a load capacity constraint when the following relationship is satisfied:
in the formula, P Bγ0 And P Bγ,min Respectively ordering the total load and the important load of the gamma-th load node for the power sensitivity of the transmission line before overload;
judging that the minimum cutting machine amount meets the power regulation speed constraint of the balance node when the following relation is met:
in the formula, R Gβd Limiting landslide, R, of power supply nodes representing power sensitivity order beta Gβ0 Speed of power regulation, R, when power supply node representing power sensitivity order beta is used as balance node Gβu Representing the ramp rate, P, of the power supply node of the power sensitivity order beta sα0 Representing the output power before overload of the nodes of the synchronous generator of the power sensitivity order alpha, R sα Representing the power regulation speed of the power supply node of the pre-trip power sensitivity ranking alpha.
In specific implementation, in step S103, when the minimum generator tripping amount when the synchronous generator node with the power sensitivity ranking α is used as a generator tripping node, the load node with the power sensitivity ranking γ is used as a load shedding node, and the power node with the power sensitivity ranking β is used as a balance node does not satisfy the power supply capacity constraint, all the sets of the synchronous generator nodes with the power sensitivity ranking 1 to α and all the non-important loads of the load nodes with the power sensitivity ranking 1 to γ -1 are tripped, the power regulation speeds of the power nodes with the power sensitivity ranking k to β -1 are all the limiting landslide speeds, and the minimum generator tripping amount is the limiting landslide speed
Obtained by solving the following equation:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in the formula, P si0 Synchronous generator section for sequencing ith for power sensitivityOutput power before point overload, P Bja Sorting the cuttable power of the jth load node for power sensitivity, H si And H Bj Sequencing the power sensitivity of the ith synchronous generator node and the power sensitivity of the jth load node for the power sensitivities respectively; h s(α+1) Ranking the power sensitivities of the α +1 th power supply nodes for power sensitivity; p Btγ Ordering the load shedding power, H, of the γ -th load node for power sensitivity Bγ Ranking power sensitivities of the γ -th load node for power sensitivities; r sid Ranking the limiting landslide speeds of the ith synchronous generator node for power sensitivity; p s(α+1)0 Sequencing the output Power before overload of the synchronous Generator node of the alpha +1 st for Power sensitivity, R s(α+1)d Ordering the limiting landslide speeds of the α +1 th synchronous generator node for power sensitivity; Δ R Gβ Ordering the power supply node power regulation speed variation, H, of the power sensitivity Gβ Ranking the power sensitivities of the power supply nodes of the betath for power sensitivity; h Gv Ranking the power sensitivities of the vth power supply node for power sensitivity; p Lu Representing an overload line power burst; Δ R Gv ，ΔR Gk Respectively satisfy:
ΔR Gv ＝-(R Gvd +R Gvu )
ΔR Gk ＝-(R Gkd -R Gk0 )
in the formula, R Gvd And R Gvu The limiting landslide speed and the limiting climbing speed of the power supply node with the power sensitivity ranking vth are respectively ranked for power sensitivity.
In step S104, when the minimum switching amount when the synchronous generator node with the power sensitivity ranking α is used as a switching node, the load node with the power sensitivity ranking γ is used as a switching node, and the power source node with the power sensitivity ranking β is used as a balancing node does not satisfy the load capacity constraint, all the units of the synchronous generator nodes with the power sensitivity ranking 1 to α -1 and all the non-important loads of the load nodes with the power sensitivity ranking 1 to γ are switched off,the power regulation speeds of the power supply nodes from the kth power sensitivity sequencing to the beta-1 th power sensitivity sequencing are all the limiting landslide speed and the minimum tripping amount
Obtained by solving the following equation:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in the formula, P Bt(γ+1) Load shedding power, H, for load nodes of the γ +1 th order for power sensitivity B(γ+1) The power sensitivities of the γ +1 th load node are ranked for power sensitivity.
In step S105, when the minimum switching amount when the synchronous generator node with the power sensitivity ranking α is used as a switching node, the load node with the power sensitivity ranking γ is used as a load-cutting node, and the power source node with the power sensitivity ranking β is used as a balance node does not satisfy the balance node power regulation speed constraint, all units of the synchronous generator nodes with the power sensitivity ranking 1 to α -1 and all non-important loads of the load nodes with the power sensitivity ranking 1 to γ -1 are switched off, the units of the power source nodes with the power sensitivity ranking k to β are operated at the maximum landslide speed, and the minimum switching amount
Obtained by solving the following equation:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in the formula,. DELTA.R G(β+1) The amount of change, H, in the power regulation speed of the power supply node of the order of β +1 for power sensitivity G(β+1) The power sensitivities of the power supply nodes of the β +1 th are ranked for power sensitivity.
In step S106, the minimum generator tripping amount of the i-th node of the synchronous generator with power sensitivity ranking is calculated based on the following formula
In the formula, P m,si Ranking a certain group power of the ith synchronous generator node for power sensitivity; n is si Sorting the number of different unit powers in the ith synchronous generator node for power sensitivity; lambda [ alpha ] mt,si Denotes the cutting power P m,si The number of units of (a), which satisfies:
in the formula, N m,si ＝{1,2,…n m,si }，N m,si Representing the power in the synchronous generator node of the ith power sensitivity order m,si The number of units; p sti Ordering the ideal minimum chopper quantity, λ, of the ith synchronous generator node for power sensitivity m,si Indicating the generator tripping power is P m,s1 The number of units.
Because the power of the cutter is discontinuous, the feasible cutter amount which is more than or equal to the ideal cutter amount is required. Is to be obtained
Or
Is substituted by P sti Thereby calculating the amount of the cutting machine.
In practice, the ideal cutting amount is
Time, optimal cutter load shedding scheme T s And T B Comprises the following steps:
in the formula, P s10 ,…P sα0 Representing the output power of the synchronous generator nodes of the 1 st to the alpha th in power sensitivity sequence before the overload of the line; p B10 ,P B20 ,……P B(γ-1)0 Representing the input power of the load nodes with the power sensitivity orders from 1 st to gamma-1 st before the overload of the line;
is composed of
The corresponding feasible cutting amount;
load node load shedding amount representing power sensitivity ranking γ:
when the ideal cutting amount is
Time, optimal cutter load shedding scheme T s And T B Comprises the following steps:
in the formula, P s10 ,P s20 ,…P s(α -1 )0 Representing the output power of the synchronous generator nodes with the power sensitivity orders from 1 st to alpha-1 st before the overload of the line; p B10 ,P B20 ,……P Bγ0 Representing the input power of the load nodes with the power sensitivity orders from 1 st to gamma-1 st before the overload of the line;
is composed of
The corresponding feasible cutting amount;
load node load shedding amount representing power sensitivity ranking γ + 1:
when the ideal cutting amount is
Time, optimal cutter load shedding scheme T s And T B Comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is composed of
The corresponding feasible cutting amount;
load node load shedding quantity representing power sensitivity ranking γ:
the control effect of the proposed solution is shown by the solid line in fig. 2 and 3. By using the invention, the power of the overload line is reduced to 8.4MW which is the long-term allowable operation power of the line when the power of the overload line is 8.2min, the temperature of the line is 69.4 ℃ at the moment, the temperature is less than the maximum tolerance temperature of the line of 70 ℃, and the temperature difference is only 0.6 ℃. The power regulation speed of each power supply is 0.64MW/min, 0.52MW/min, 0.57MW/min, -0.98MW/min and-0.75 MW/min, and the required machine cutting amount is 3.76MW. This shows that the present invention can ensure that the overloaded line can be safely recovered at the cost of as little tripping as possible, thereby blocking cascading failures.
In summary, the invention provides a blocking method for cascading failures of a power system based on an active minimum tripping machine, and compared with the prior art, the blocking method has the following beneficial effects:
the blocking of the cascading failure of the existing power system takes a generator tripping load as a main means, has great influence on the power supply reliability and the safety stability of the power system, and even can become a driving force for further worsening the cascading failure; the invention fully considers the functions of the synchronous generator and the new energy power supply power regulation, can ensure the blocking of cascading failures and reduce the influence of control on the safety and the reliability of a power grid through the cooperation of the power supply power regulation and the generator tripping load.
Different from the existing method for blocking the cascading failure of the power system by adopting an optimization method, the method for blocking the cascading failure of the power system establishes a feasible control scheme by quantitatively calculating the load of the generator tripping and the power adjusting speed of each power supply, realizes the quantitative matching of the power adjustment of the synchronous generator and the new energy power supply and the load of the generator tripping, avoids the influence of the complexity and the time delay of the optimization process and the nondeterministic degree of the optimization result on the control effect, and can quickly and reliably block the cascading failure of the power system caused by the overload of a circuit.
Compared with the existing method for blocking the cascading failure of the power system, which does not consider the line power change when determining the generator tripping amount, the control scheme provided by the invention takes the generator tripping power and the influence of power supply power regulation on the power of an overloaded line into consideration, can more accurately determine the calculated generator tripping load amount and each power supply power regulation speed required for avoiding the cascading failure, and ensures that the preset control effect is achieved.
Compared with the feasibility that the control scheme is not considered in the conventional blocking method for the cascading failure of the power system, the limit of the limit climbing and the landslide speed of the synchronous generator, the limit of the power-up failure of the new energy power supply and the limit of the landslide speed restricted by the regulation speed of the synchronous generator, the limit of the power-tripping discontinuity of the synchronous generator and the limit of the power-tripping power restricted by the power supply capacity, the load capacity and the regulation speed of the balance node are considered, and the feasibility, the accuracy and the effect of control are guaranteed.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, while the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A power system cascading failure blocking method based on an active minimum generator tripping is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s101, when the power transmission line is overloaded, sequencing nodes of the synchronous generators, load nodes and power nodes including the synchronous generators and the new energy power source from large to small according to power sensitivity, taking the node of the synchronous generator with the power sensitivity sequencing 1 as a generator tripping node, taking the node of the load with the power sensitivity sequencing 1 as a load tripping node,when the power supply node with the kth power sensitivity sequence is taken as a balance node, calculating the minimum tripping amount required for ensuring the safety recovery of the overloaded power transmission line
S102, checking whether the minimum machine cutting amount meets power supply capacity constraint, load capacity constraint and balance node power regulation speed constraint; if yes, recording the minimum cutting machine amount as an ideal cutting machine amount, and executing S106; if the power supply capacity constraint is not met, executing S103; if the load capacity constraint is not satisfied, executing S104; if the power regulation speed constraint of the balance node is not met, executing S105;
s103, under the condition of cutting off all the generator sets of the generator tripping nodes, the next synchronous generator node of the current generator tripping node is used as a new generator tripping node according to power sensitivity sequencing, the minimum generator tripping amount required for ensuring the safety recovery of the overload power transmission line is recalculated, and the step S102 is executed;
s104, under the condition of cutting off all non-important loads of the load nodes, recalculating the minimum machine switching amount required for ensuring the safety recovery of the overloaded power transmission line by taking the next load node of the current load switching node as a new load switching node according to the power sensitivity sequence, and returning to execute the step S102;
s105, under the condition that the power regulation speed of the balance node is the limit landslide speed, the next power supply node of the current balance node is used as a new balance node according to the power sensitivity sequence, the minimum machine cutting amount required for ensuring the safety recovery of the overloaded power transmission line is recalculated, and the step S102 is executed again;
and S106, calculating the feasible generator tripping amount, and generating an optimal generator tripping load scheme for ensuring the safety recovery of the overload line according to the ideal generator tripping amount.
2. The cascading failure blocking method for power system based on active minimum tripping of claim 1, wherein in step S101, the minimum tripping amount required for safety recovery of overloaded transmission line
Calculated by solving the following equation:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in the formula, H s1 And H B1 Respectively ordering the power sensitivity of the 1 st synchronous generator node and the power sensitivity of the 1 st load node for the power sensitivity; h Gx And H Gk The power sensitivity of the power supply node of the xth power sensitivity sequence and the power sensitivity of the power supply node of the kth power sensitivity sequence are respectively; r Gxd And R Gxu Limiting landslide of the power supply node of which the power sensitivity order is x and climbing speed of the power supply node of which the power sensitivity order is x; r Gk0 Power adjustment speed when the kth power supply node is used as a balance node for power sensitivity sequencing; p s10 Ordering the output power of the 1 st synchronous generator node before overload for power sensitivity; delta T 0c ＝T 0 -T c,max Is the difference between the maximum tolerance temperature and the normal operation stability of the transmission line, wherein T c,max For maximum withstand temperature, T, of the transmission line 0 The temperature of the transmission line during normal operation; b 1 、B 2 、B 3 And B 4 ，K 1 、K 2 And K 3 Are all calculated coefficients, B 1 ＝K 2 /K 3 ；
B 4 ＝K 3 /K 1 ；v p Indicating the speed of regulation of the overloaded line, C the calculation parameter, P L0 Representing the initial overload power, n G Representing the total number of power supply nodes, R, involved in regulation s1 Power regulation speed, T, representing Pre-trip Power sensitivity ranking 1 st Power node a Represents the absolute temperature of the environment;
R Gk0 calculated as follows:
coefficient K 1 、K 2 、K 3 Calculated as follows:
in the formula, v L Is the wire density; r is a radical of hydrogen L Is the wire radius; c. C L The specific heat capacity of the wire is shown; rho L Is the wire resistivity; u shape L0 Is the line voltage; m L Is the convective heat dissipation coefficient; n is a radical of hydrogen L Is the radiative heat dissipation coefficient.
3. The method for blocking cascading failures of a power system based on active minimum generator tripping as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S102, the minimum generator tripping amount is determined to satisfy the power capacity constraint when the following relationship is satisfied:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the minimum machine switching amount is obtained when the synchronous generator node of the power sensitivity sequencing alpha is used as a machine switching node, the load node of the power sensitivity sequencing gamma is used as a load switching node, and the power source node of the power sensitivity sequencing beta is used as a balance node; p sα0 Sequencing the power of the alpha-th synchronous generator node before overload for power sensitivity;
judging that the minimum amount of the machine cutting meets the load capacity constraint when the following relation is met:
in the formula, P Bγ0 And P Bγ,min Respectively ordering the total load and the important load of the gamma-th load node for the power sensitivity before the overload of the transmission line;
judging that the minimum cutting machine amount meets the power regulation speed constraint of the balance node when the following relation is met:
in the formula, R Gβd Limiting landslide, R, of power supply nodes representing power sensitivity order beta Gβ0 Speed of power regulation, R, when power supply node representing power sensitivity order beta is used as balance node Gβu Representing the ramp rate, P, of the power supply node of the power sensitivity order beta sα0 Output power before overload, R, of the synchronous generator node representing the power sensitivity order alpha sα Indicating the power regulation speed of the power supply node of the pre-tripping power sensitivity order alpha.
4. The method for blocking cascading failures of power system based on active minimum generator tripping as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step S103, when the minimum tripping amount when the synchronous generator node with power sensitivity sequencing α as the generator tripping node, the load node with power sensitivity sequencing γ as the load shedding node, and the power node with power sensitivity sequencing β as the balance node does not satisfy the power capacity constraint, all the sets of the synchronous generator nodes with power sensitivity sequencing 1 to α and all the non-important loads of the load nodes with power sensitivity sequencing 1 to γ -1 are tripped, the power regulation speeds of the power nodes with power sensitivity sequencing k to β -1 are all the limiting landslide speeds, and the minimum generator tripping amount is
Obtained by solving the following equation:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in the formula, P si0 Ranking the output power before overload, P, of the ith synchronous generator node for power sensitivity Bja Sorting the cuttable power of the jth load node for power sensitivity, H si And H Bj Sequencing the power sensitivity of the ith synchronous generator node and the power sensitivity of the jth load node for the power sensitivities respectively; h s(α+1) Ranking the power sensitivities of the power supply nodes of the α +1 th order for power sensitivity; p Btγ Ordering the load shedding power, H, of the γ -th load node for power sensitivity Bγ Ranking power sensitivities of the γ -th load node for power sensitivities; r sid Ranking the limiting landslide speeds of the ith synchronous generator node for power sensitivity; p is s(α+1)0 Ordering the output Power before overload of the node of the synchronous Generator alpha +1 for Power sensitivity, R s(α+1)d Ordering the limiting landslide speeds of the α +1 th synchronous generator node for power sensitivity; Δ R Gβ Ordering the power supply node power regulation speed variation, H, of the power sensitivity Gβ Ranking the power sensitivities of the power supply nodes of the betath for power sensitivity; h Gv Ranking the power sensitivities of the vth power supply node for power sensitivity; p Lu Representing the sudden change of the power of the overload line generated by the load cutting of the generator cutter; Δ R Gv ，ΔR Gk Respectively satisfy:
ΔR Gv ＝-(R Gvd +R Gvu )
ΔR Gk ＝-(R Gkd -R Gk0 )
in the formula, R Gvd And R Gvu The limiting landslide speed for the power supply node of the vth power sensitivity ranking and the limiting climbing speed for the power supply node of the vth power sensitivity ranking are respectively.
5. The method for blocking cascading failures of power system based on active minimum generator tripping as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step S104, when the minimum tripping amount when the synchronous generator node with power sensitivity sequencing α as the generator tripping node, the load node with power sensitivity sequencing γ as the load tripping node, and the power node with power sensitivity sequencing β as the balance node does not satisfy the load capacity constraint, all the sets of the synchronous generator nodes with power sensitivity sequencing 1 to α -1 and all the non-important loads of the load nodes with power sensitivity sequencing 1 to γ are tripped, the power regulation speeds of the power nodes with power sensitivity sequencing k to β -1 are all the limiting ramp speeds, and the minimum tripping amount is the minimum tripping amount
Obtained by solving the following equation:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in the formula, P Bt(γ+1) Load shedding power, H, for load nodes of the γ +1 th order for power sensitivity B(γ+1) Ranking the power sensitivities of the γ +1 th load nodes for power sensitivity; p si0 Sequencing the output Power before overload of the i-th synchronous Generator node for Power sensitivity, P Bja Order the cuttable power of the j-th load node for power sensitivity, H si And H Bj Respectively sequencing the power sensitivity of the ith synchronous generator node and the power sensitivity of the jth load node for the power sensitivities; Δ R Gβ Ordering the power supply node power regulation speed variation, H, of the power sensitivity Gβ The power sensitivities of the power supply nodes of the betath are ranked for power sensitivity.
6. The method for blocking cascading failures of power system based on active minimum generator tripping as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step S105, when the minimum tripping amount when the node of the synchronous generator with power sensitivity sequencing α is used as the generator tripping node, the node of the load with power sensitivity sequencing γ is used as the load tripping node, and the node of the power supply with power sensitivity sequencing β is used as the balance node does not satisfy the power regulation speed constraint of the balance node, all the sets of the nodes of the synchronous generator with power sensitivity sequencing 1 to α -1 and all the non-important loads, power of the nodes of the load with power sensitivity sequencing 1 to γ -1 are trippedThe units of the power supply nodes from the kth to the beta th in the sensitivity sequence run at the limit landslide speed with the minimum machine cutting amount
Obtained by solving the following equation:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in the formula,. DELTA.R G(β+1) The amount of change, H, in the power regulation speed of the power supply node of the order of β +1 for power sensitivity G(β+1) Ranking the power sensitivities of the power supply nodes of the (β + 1) th order for power sensitivity; p si0 Ranking the output power before overload, P, of the ith synchronous generator node for power sensitivity Bja Sorting the cuttable power of the jth load node for power sensitivity, H si The ith synchronous generator node power sensitivities are ranked for power sensitivity.
7. The active minimum tripping-based power system cascading failure blocking method of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein in step S106, the feasible minimum tripping amount of the power sensitivity-ranked ith synchronous generator node is calculated based on the following formula
In the formula, P m,si Ranking a certain group power of the ith synchronous generator node for power sensitivity; n is si Sorting the number of different unit powers in the ith synchronous generator node for power sensitivity; lambda mt,si Denotes the cutting power P m,si The number of units of (a), which satisfies:
in the formula, N m,si ＝{1,2,…n m,si }，N m,si Representing the power in the synchronous generator node of the ith power sensitivity order m,si The number of units; p sti Ordering the ideal minimum chopper quantity, λ, of the ith synchronous generator node for power sensitivity m,si Indicating the generator tripping power is P m,s1 The number of units.
8. The active minimum tripping-based cascading failure blocking method of claim 7, wherein when the ideal tripping amount is
Time-optimal generator cutting load scheme T s And T B Comprises the following steps:
in the formula, P s10 ,…P sα0 Representing the output power of the synchronous generator nodes with the power sensitivity sequences from 1 st to alpha (alpha) before line overload; p is B10 ,P B20 ,……P B(γ-1)0 Representing the input power of the load nodes with the power sensitivity sequences from 1 st to gamma-1 st before the line overload;
is composed of
The corresponding feasible cutting amount;
load node load shedding amount representing power sensitivity ranking γ:
when the ideal cutting amount is
Time, optimal cutter load shedding scheme T s And T B Comprises the following steps:
in the formula, P s10 ,P s20 ,…P s(α-1)0 Representing the output power of the synchronous generator nodes with the power sensitivity orders from 1 st to alpha-1 st before the overload of the line; p B10 ,P B20 ,……P Bγ0 Representing the input power of the load nodes with the power sensitivity sequences from 1 st to gamma-1 st before the line overload;
is composed of
The corresponding feasible cutting amount;
load node load shedding amount representing power sensitivity ranking γ + 1:
when the ideal cutting amount is
Time, optimal cutter load shedding scheme T s And T B Comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is composed of
The corresponding feasible cutting amount;
load node load shedding quantity representing power sensitivity ranking γ:
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