CN112683793A - Sensor for detecting concentration of liquid drops based on double-microsphere coupling mode splitting - Google Patents
Sensor for detecting concentration of liquid drops based on double-microsphere coupling mode splitting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sensor for detecting the concentration of liquid drops based on double-microsphere coupling mode splitting, which belongs to the field of optical sensing and comprises a 532nm laser light source, a spectrum analyzer, an objective lens, a 532nm optical filter, a microscope objective lens, a pump injector, a capillary tube, a double-microsphere coupling system, a glass substrate and a three-dimensional displacement adjusting platform, wherein a solution is arranged in the pump injector, and the double-microsphere coupling system is fixedly arranged on the glass substrate. In the invention, the commercial polystyrene dye microsphere is used as a coupling resonant cavity, so that the coupling resonant cavity has the advantages of small size, low laser threshold and various selectable sizes; the double-microsphere coupling system is simple in structure, is adhered to the glass substrate through the ultraviolet curing adhesive with low refractive index, and is high in stability; the concentration of ethanol solution with different concentrations is dripped at the coupling point of the double microspheres, so that the noise crosstalk caused by the fluctuation of the environmental temperature can be eliminated while the sensing test is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical sensing, in particular to a sensor for detecting the concentration of liquid drops based on double-microsphere coupling mode splitting.
Background
Sensing techniques based on WGM microcavities for solution concentration measurement are often faced with problems of noise cross talk, such as interference of non-ideal signals caused by temperature changes, ambient refractive index, or non-specific binding. In terms of noise suppression, it is often necessary to take methods that tightly control the test environment conditions or sensor surface functionalization, but these solutions are somewhat challenging to implement. Later, the development of optical self-referencing technology provided a new concept for noise suppression. Among the many self-referencing coupling systems, the coupling of WGM microsphere cavities that resonate along circular orbitals has received much attention and is considered to be an ideal platform for the study of photonic molecules.
Artificial molecules can be synthesized from nanoscale and microscale resonant structures, which are typically nanoplasmonic particles or WGM microcavity resonators. The inspiration of artificial molecules comes from chemistry, where molecular complexity and symmetry are the core concepts to predict electronic state hybridization evolving from a single atom orbital. In photonics, when two microcavities are coupled together, the composite system behaves similarly to a diatomic molecule and is therefore often referred to as a photonic molecule, which is typically characterized by mode splitting in the spectrum. For a "photonic molecule" formed by coupling two resonators, the photon molecule has an energy orbit similar to that of a hydrogen molecule, the higher energy orbit is called an anti-bonding state orbit, and the lower energy orbit is called a bonding state orbit. Based on the different responses of the two bonding orbitals to the change at the coupling point, we propose a method of dropping a droplet at the coupling point to measure the concentration of the solution. Compared with the prior method for measuring the concentration of the solution, the technology has the advantages of enhanced sensitivity and temperature interference resistance.
Therefore, a sensor for detecting the concentration of the liquid drop based on double microsphere coupling mode splitting is provided to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a sensor for detecting the concentration of liquid drops based on double-microsphere coupling mode splitting, which briefly describes the technical effects achieved below.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a sensor for detecting the concentration of liquid drops based on double-microsphere coupling mode splitting comprises a 532nm laser light source, a spectrum analyzer, an objective lens, a 532nm optical filter, a microscope objective lens, a pump injector, a capillary tube, a double-microsphere coupling system, a glass substrate and a three-dimensional displacement adjusting platform, wherein a solution is arranged in the pump injector, and the double-microsphere coupling system is fixedly arranged on the glass substrate;
the 532nm laser light source is used for emitting blue-green laser beams;
the double-microsphere coupling system is used for transmitting an excitation signal;
the objective lens is used for focusing the laser beam;
the reflector is used for reflecting the laser beam;
the semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror is used for reflecting the laser beam reflected by the reflector and transmitting the emitted excitation signal;
the pump injector is used for dropwise adding the solution to a coupling point of the double-microsphere coupling system;
the spectrum analyzer is used for collecting the spectrum and measuring the concentration of the solution according to the change of the collected spectrum.
Furthermore, the double-microsphere coupling system is formed by compactly placing double microspheres in a coupling way, adhering the double-microsphere coupling system on a glass substrate through ultraviolet curing glue and curing the double-microsphere coupling system under the irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp;
the microsphere material is a polystyrene microsphere doped with Nile red laser dye, and the excitation spectrum of a single microsphere presents obvious characteristics of a corridor mode.
Furthermore, the ultraviolet curing glue is ultraviolet curing glue with a lower refractive index.
Further, the solution is ethanol solution with different proportions, and the dripping of ethanol solution drops with different concentrations is realized through a dripping device.
Further, the excitation signal received by the spectrum analyzer is a split spectrum of a whispering gallery mode induced by the resonant microcavity coupling.
Furthermore, the diameter of the microsphere is 20-25 μm, the outer diameter of the capillary is 5 μm, and the inner diameter of the capillary is 3 μm.
Furthermore, the diameter of the dripped liquid drop is 4-7 μm, the dripped liquid drop can be quickly evaporated, and the liquid residue in the gap of the double microspheres can exist for a long time, so that the detection purpose is achieved.
Further, the coupling structure of the double-microsphere coupling system can stably output obvious mode splitting spectrum, namely, a single corridor mode resonant peak is split into two branches.
Further, when the concentration of the dropwise added liquid at the coupling point is changed, the wavelength interval between two splitting peaks of the spectrum is also obviously changed, so that the sensing test of the liquid concentration is realized.
Further, when the concentration of the dropwise added liquid at the coupling point is changed, the wavelength interval between two splitting peaks of the spectrum is also obviously changed, so that the sensing test of the liquid concentration is realized.
The preparation method of the double-microsphere coupling system comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting microspheres with the same resonance wavelength, selecting polystyrene microspheres with good quality and the same size, placing the polystyrene microspheres on a glass substrate, and selecting and sticking the microspheres with the same resonance wavelength together by using an optical fiber cone under the excitation of a 532nm laser light source.
S2: setting a glue layer, using a flat-head single-mode fiber to stick a small amount of ultraviolet glue, and uniformly rolling on a glass substrate to obtain a uniform ultraviolet curing glue thin layer, wherein the thickness of the thin layer is about 3 mu m.
S3: the double microspheres are compact, one microsphere is placed on the adhesive layer by using the optical fiber cone, and the microspheres are continuously adhered and placed beside the first microsphere after the optical fiber cone is cleaned; in the process of placing the microspheres, the microspheres cannot have a rolling process so as to avoid influencing the light-emitting quality of the microspheres; standing for 3 minutes after the placement is finished, and irradiating by an ultraviolet lamp to firmly fix the double-microsphere coupling system on the glass substrate.
The microsphere is a polystyrene microsphere doped with laser dye, the diameter of the microsphere is 20-25 mu m, the refractive index of the microsphere is 1.59, and an excited spectrum presents an obvious gallery mode.
The compactly placed polystyrene microspheres can achieve a strong coupling condition and can be used for detection and measurement of an ethanol solution.
The refractive index of the ultraviolet curing adhesive is low, and the luminous effect of the microspheres cannot be influenced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the commercial polystyrene dye microsphere is used as a coupling resonant cavity, and has the advantages of small size, low laser threshold and various selectable sizes;
2. the double-microsphere coupling system is simple in structure, is adhered to the glass substrate through the ultraviolet curing adhesive with low refractive index, and is high in stability;
3. the concentration of ethanol solution with different concentrations is dripped at the coupling point of the double microspheres, so that the noise crosstalk caused by the fluctuation of the environmental temperature can be eliminated while the sensing test is realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a sensor for detecting droplet concentration based on dual microsphere coupling mode splitting according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a spectrogram of an ethanol droplet detection apparatus with a double microsphere coupling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention when an external environment changes: (a) the graph is the image of the mode splitting spectrum along with the frequency shift of the temperature, and the graph (b) is the spectrum of the double microsphere structure along with the change of the liquid drop concentration.
In the figure: 1. a 532nm laser source; 2. a spectrum analyzer; 3. an objective lens; 4. a 532nm filter; 5. a microscope objective; 6. a pump syringe; 7. a capillary tube; 8. solutions of different concentrations; 9. a dual microsphere coupled system; 10. a glass substrate; 11. a three-dimensional displacement adjusting table; 12. a laser beam; 13. an excitation signal; 14. a mirror; 15. a semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a sensor for detecting droplet concentration based on double-microsphere coupling mode splitting comprises a 532nm laser light source 1, a spectrum analyzer 2, an objective lens 3, a 532nm optical filter 4, a microscope objective 5, a pump injector 6, a capillary 7, a double-microsphere coupling system 9, a glass substrate 10 and a three-dimensional displacement adjusting platform 11, wherein a solution 8 is arranged in the pump injector 6, and the double-microsphere coupling system 9 is fixedly arranged on the glass substrate 10;
a 532nm laser light source 1 for emitting blue-green laser beams 12;
a double microsphere coupling system 9 for emitting an excitation signal 13;
an objective lens 3 for focusing the laser beam 12;
a mirror 14 for reflecting the laser beam 12;
a half-reflecting and half-transmitting mirror 15 for reflecting the laser beam 12 reflected by the reflecting mirror 14 and transmitting the excitation signal 13;
a pump syringe 6 for dropping the solution 8 to the coupling point of the double microsphere coupling system 9;
and the spectrum analyzer 2 is used for collecting the spectrum and measuring the concentration of the solution 8 by changing the collected spectrum.
The pump injector 6 is adhered to one end of the capillary 7, the free end of the capillary 7 is fixed on the three-dimensional displacement platform 11, the pump injector 6 is controlled through extrusion to dropwise add micro liquid drops formed by liquid 8 with different concentrations to the coupling position of the double-microsphere coupling system 9, and the spectrum is collected through the spectrum analyzer 2. After the spectrum collection is completed, the double microsphere coupling system 9 is cleaned by an ethanol solution, and the solution is absorbed by a capillary 7 connected with a pump injector 6, so that the double microsphere coupling system 9 is cleaned.
More specifically, the double-microsphere coupling system 9 is formed by compactly placing double-microsphere coupling, adhering the double-microsphere coupling system on a glass substrate 10 through ultraviolet curing glue, and curing the double-microsphere coupling system under the irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp;
the microsphere material is polystyrene microsphere doped with Nile red laser dye, and the excitation spectrum of a single microsphere presents obvious characteristics of a corridor mode.
More specifically, the solution 8 is ethanol solutions with different proportions, and the dripping of ethanol solution drops with different concentrations is realized through a dripping device.
More specifically, the excitation signal 13 received by the spectrum analyzer 2 is a split spectrum of the whispering gallery mode induced by the resonant microcavity coupling.
More specifically, the microspheres have a diameter of 20 μm to 25 μm, a capillary outer diameter of 5 μm and an inner diameter of 3 μm.
More specifically, the diameter of the dripped liquid drop is 4-7 μm, the dripped liquid drop can be quickly evaporated, liquid residue at the gap of the double microspheres can exist for a long time, and the refractive index at the coupling point can be effectively changed, so that the detection purpose is achieved.
More specifically, the coupling structure of the dual microsphere coupling system 9 can stably output a distinct mode splitting spectrum, i.e., the single corridor mode resonance peak is split into two branches.
More specifically, the mode splitting spectrum output by the coupling structure has obvious change in the wavelength interval of two splitting peaks when the concentration of the dropwise added liquid at the coupling point changes, so that the sensing test of the liquid concentration is realized.
More specifically, the mode splitting spectrum output by the coupling structure has obvious change in the wavelength interval of two splitting peaks when the concentration of the dropwise added liquid at the coupling point changes, so that the sensing test of the liquid concentration is realized.
The measurement principle of the solution concentration sensor coupled with the resonant microcavity in the mode of the corridor mode is as follows: for the photonic molecular model of the double microsphere coupling system, collective photonic states are formed by splitting a mode into double states, which is similar to the formation of bonding and anti-bonding molecular orbitals in diatomic chemical molecules. The solution is dripped at the position of the coupling point of the double microspheres, so that the bonding state of photon molecules can be influenced, and long-wavelength deviation of the bonding mode can be easily caused. Since the anti-bonding state is affected only by the coupling spacing of the microspheres, the lower arms have virtually no significant wavelength shift. The spectrum collected by the spectrum analyzer can be analyzed, the change of the distance between two splitting peaks of the mode splitting is utilized to realize the sensing test of the solution concentration, and the sensitivity is high. In addition, when the temperature changes, the distance between two splitting peaks of the mode splitting does not change obviously, and the interference caused by temperature fluctuation can be effectively avoided.
The coupling structure can stably output obvious mode splitting spectral characteristics, when the temperature fluctuation changes, the whole spectrum only presents an obvious frequency shift phenomenon, but the distance between two splitting peaks cannot change; when the concentration of the dropping liquid is changed, the interval between two splitting peaks of the spectrum is obviously changed.
The above-mentioned embodiments describe the specific manufacturing and testing processes of the present invention in more detail, and the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, and can convert the change of the concentration of the ethanol solution into a spectrum signal in real time, thereby ensuring the feasibility of the test and the reliability of the measurement result of the whole experiment.
In conclusion, the invention particularly relates to a sensor for detecting the concentration of liquid drops based on double-microsphere coupling mode splitting, which has enhanced sensitivity and can eliminate the influence factors of temperature fluctuation interference, and belongs to the field of optical sensing. The method comprises the steps of selecting polystyrene microspheres doped with laser dye as resonant microcavities, placing the microspheres in a compact mode, and adhering the microspheres to a glass substrate through ultraviolet curing glue to obtain a stable double-microsphere coupling system. And dripping ethanol solutions with different concentrations at the coupling point, and carrying out pumping excitation and signal spectrum acquisition on the double-microsphere coupling system through a spatial light path. The obtained mode splitting spectrum is analyzed, the change of two branches of a splitting peak is utilized to realize the sensing test of the concentration of the ethanol solution, and the interference caused by the temperature fluctuation of the environment can be effectively eliminated.
The invention has the following use process: the 532nm laser light source 1 emits blue-green laser beams 12 which are transmitted by the objective lens 3 and focused into a light spot with a micron size by the microscope objective lens 5, and an excitation signal 13 emitted by the double-microsphere coupling system 9 is transmitted to the spectrum analyzer 2 through the microscope objective lens 5 and the 532nm optical filter 4 under the excitation of the light spot. Measuring the dropping of liquid, adhering the pump injector 6 and one end of the capillary 7, fixing the free end of the capillary 7 on the three-dimensional displacement adjusting platform 11, dropping liquid drops of liquid 8 with different concentrations to the coupling point of the double-microsphere coupling system 9 by operating and controlling the pump injector 6, and measuring the concentration of the solution by the change of the spectrum collected by the spectrum analyzer 2.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A sensor for detecting the concentration of liquid drops based on double-microsphere coupling mode splitting is characterized by comprising a 532nm laser light source (1), a spectrum analyzer (2), an objective lens (3), a 532nm optical filter (4), a microscope objective lens (5), a pump injector (6), a capillary tube (7), a double-microsphere coupling system (9), a glass substrate (10) and a three-dimensional displacement adjusting platform (11), wherein a solution (8) is arranged in the pump injector (6), and the double-microsphere coupling system (9) is fixedly arranged on the glass substrate (10);
the 532nm laser light source (1) is used for emitting blue-green laser beams (12);
the double-microsphere coupling system (9) is used for emitting an excitation signal (13);
the objective lens (3) is used for focusing the laser beam (12);
the reflector (14) is used for reflecting the laser beam (12);
the semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting mirror (15) is used for reflecting the laser beam (12) reflected by the reflector (14) and transmitting the excitation signal (13);
the pump injector (6) is used for dripping the solution (8) to the coupling point of the double-microsphere coupling system (9);
the spectrum analyzer (2) is used for collecting a spectrum and measuring the concentration of the solution (8) according to the change of the collected spectrum.
2. The sensor for detecting the concentration of the liquid drops based on the double-microsphere coupling mode splitting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the double-microsphere coupling system (9) is formed by compactly placing double microspheres in a coupling way, adhering the double-microsphere coupling system on a glass substrate (10) through ultraviolet curing glue, and curing the double-microsphere coupling system under the irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp;
the microsphere material is a polystyrene microsphere doped with Nile red laser dye, and the excitation spectrum of a single microsphere presents obvious characteristics of a corridor mode.
3. The sensor for detecting the concentration of the liquid drop based on the double-microsphere coupling mode splitting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solution (8) is ethanol solution with different proportions, and the dripping of the ethanol solution liquid drop with different concentrations is realized by a dripping device.
4. The sensor for detecting the concentration of the liquid drop based on the double-microsphere coupling mode splitting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the excitation signal (13) received by the spectrum analyzer (2) is a resonant microcavity coupling induced corridor mode splitting spectrum.
5. The sensor for detecting the concentration of liquid drops based on the double-microsphere coupling mode splitting as claimed in claim 2, wherein the diameter of the microsphere is 20 μm to 25 μm, the outer diameter of the capillary is 5 μm, and the inner diameter is 3 μm.
6. The sensor for detecting the concentration of the liquid drop based on the coupling mode splitting of the double microspheres as claimed in claim 3, wherein the diameter of the dropped liquid drop is 4 μm-7 μm, the dropped liquid drop can be evaporated quickly, and the liquid residue in the gap between the double microspheres can exist for a long time, so as to achieve the purpose of detection.
7. The sensor for detecting the concentration of the liquid drop based on the mode splitting of the double-microsphere coupling system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the coupling structure of the double-microsphere coupling system (9) can stably output an obvious mode splitting spectrum, namely, a single whispering gallery mode resonant peak is split into two branches.
8. The sensor for detecting the concentration of the liquid drop based on the mode splitting of the double microsphere coupling as claimed in claim 7, wherein the mode splitting spectrum output by the coupling structure has a significant change in the wavelength interval of two splitting peaks when the concentration of the liquid dropped at the coupling point changes, so as to realize the sensing test of the liquid concentration.
9. The sensor for detecting the concentration of the liquid drop based on the mode splitting of the double-microsphere coupling of claim 1, wherein the mode splitting spectrum output by the coupling structure has a significant change in the wavelength interval of two splitting peaks when the concentration of the liquid dropped at the coupling point changes, so that the sensing test of the concentration of the liquid is realized.
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