CN112682995A - Large-scale liquid nitrogen refrigeration formula cryogenic treatment equipment based on accurate control of multiple temperature zones - Google Patents
Large-scale liquid nitrogen refrigeration formula cryogenic treatment equipment based on accurate control of multiple temperature zones Download PDFInfo
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- CN112682995A CN112682995A CN202011611818.9A CN202011611818A CN112682995A CN 112682995 A CN112682995 A CN 112682995A CN 202011611818 A CN202011611818 A CN 202011611818A CN 112682995 A CN112682995 A CN 112682995A
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses large liquid nitrogen refrigeration type cryogenic treatment equipment based on multi-temperature-zone precise control, which comprises a cold energy input device, a large cryogenic box and a cold energy auxiliary adjusting device, wherein the large cryogenic box comprises a box body, one end of the box body is provided with a liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber, the other end of the box body is provided with a tail gas storage electromagnetic valve, a cavity between the liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber and the tail gas storage electromagnetic valve is a workpiece treatment cavity, and a cavity partition plate is arranged between the workpiece treatment cavity and the liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber; according to the invention, the divided areas and the temperature sensors arranged in the corresponding areas are adopted, a more accurate environment temperature is calculated by adopting a weighted summation algorithm, the accurate temperature control of the working treatment cavity with uneven temperature is realized by utilizing the accurate environment temperature, and the accurate fine adjustment is realized through the high-pressure vaporization spray head, so that the better cryogenic treatment effect on the workpiece is achieved, and the problem of the internal structure of the workpiece caused by uneven temperature and failure to reach the standard is avoided; the more accurate temperature control can effectively reduce the consumption of liquid nitrogen and achieve the effect of energy conservation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to large liquid nitrogen refrigeration type cryogenic treatment equipment, in particular to large liquid nitrogen refrigeration type cryogenic treatment equipment based on multi-temperature-zone precise control.
Background
Cryogenic treatment, also known as ultra-low temperature treatment or ultra-sub-cryogenic treatment, refers to a method of treating materials at temperatures below 130 ℃, often to improve the mechanical properties of metal workpieces. At present, the cryogenic treatment technology is widely applied to workpieces made of steel materials, such as cutters, molds or castings. In the prior art, liquid nitrogen refrigeration type cryogenic treatment equipment for treating large-scale workpieces has the problems of non-uniform local temperature, substandard workpiece treatment temperature and poor temperature control precision, so that the workpieces are deformed or broken due to temperature difference generated by different local temperatures in treatment, and the yield is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides large liquid nitrogen refrigeration type cryogenic treatment equipment based on multi-temperature-zone precise control, which comprises a cold energy input device, a large cryogenic box and a cold energy auxiliary adjusting device, wherein the large cryogenic box comprises a box body, one end of the box body is provided with a liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber, the other end of the box body is provided with a tail gas storage electromagnetic valve, a cavity between the liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber and the tail gas storage electromagnetic valve is a workpiece treatment cavity, and a cavity partition plate is arranged between the workpiece treatment cavity and the liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber;
the cold input device comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller), a self-pressurization liquid nitrogen tank, a liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve, a liquid nitrogen inlet pipe, a stirring fan and an air circulation net, wherein the self-pressurization liquid nitrogen tank is communicated to a liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber of the box body through the liquid nitrogen inlet pipe; the cold quantity auxiliary adjusting device comprises a plurality of temperature and pressure sensors and a high-pressure vaporization spray head which are arranged in the large-scale cryogenic box; the workpiece processing cavity is divided into a plurality of areas, and the temperature and pressure sensors and the high-pressure gasification nozzles are correspondingly distributed in the areas; the tail gas storage electromagnetic valve, the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve, the temperature pressure sensor and the high-pressure vaporization nozzle are all connected with an upper computer through a PLC (programmable logic controller); the upper computer calculates the temperature of the workpiece processing cavity through a weighted summation algorithm and respectively controls the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve, the tail gas storage electromagnetic valve and the high-pressure vaporization spray head through the PID controller.
Furthermore, the workpiece processing cavity is sequentially divided into A, B, C, D, E areas from the chamber partition board to the tail part, and the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors in the five areas are respectively T1、T2、T3、T4、T5According to the ratio K of each area to the volume of the workpiece processing chamberiCalculating to obtain the ambient temperature T in the workpiece processing cavityhThe weighted sum formula is as follows:
further, the PID controller controlling step includes: according to the calculated ambient temperature ThAnd a process set temperature TsWhile calculating ThAnd TsWhen Δ T is greater than 0, according to (T)h，Ts) Selecting a corresponding temperature regulating gear in the temperature difference interval, and setting the opening time t of the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve according to the corresponding temperature regulating gearkAnd opening the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve for corresponding time; and when the delta T is less than 0, closing the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve.
Further, the PID controller control step further includes: according to the calculated temperature T of each areaiAnd a process set temperature TsDifference value Δ T ofiWhen Δ T isiGreater than 0 according to (T)i，Ts) Selecting a corresponding temperature compensation gear in the temperature difference interval, setting the starting time ti of the high-pressure vaporization spray head according to the corresponding temperature compensation gear, and starting the high-pressure vaporization spray head for corresponding time; when Δ TiAnd when the pressure is less than 0, closing the high-pressure vaporization spray head.
Furthermore, 2-3 high-pressure vaporization nozzles are arranged in the C area of the workpiece processing cavity.
Furthermore, the PID controller is a Smith-PID controller, and a Smith time lag estimation compensation algorithm is arranged in the PID controller.
Has the advantages that: according to the invention, the divided areas and the temperature sensors arranged in the corresponding areas are adopted, a more accurate environment temperature is calculated by adopting a weighted summation algorithm, the accurate temperature control of the working treatment cavity with uneven temperature is realized by utilizing the accurate environment temperature, and the accurate fine adjustment is realized through the high-pressure vaporization spray head, so that the better cryogenic treatment effect on the workpiece is achieved, and the problem of the internal structure of the workpiece caused by uneven temperature and failure to reach the standard is avoided; the more accurate temperature control in the invention can effectively reduce the consumption of liquid nitrogen and achieve the effect of energy saving.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a large cryogenic box;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a large liquid nitrogen refrigeration type cryogenic treatment device based on multi-temperature zone precise control;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a box body, 2 a liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber, 3 a tail gas storage cavity electromagnetic valve, 4 a cavity partition plate, 5 a self-pressurization liquid nitrogen tank, 6 a liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve, 7 a liquid nitrogen inlet pipe, 8 a stirring fan, 9 an air circulation net, 10 a temperature pressure sensor, 11 a high-pressure vaporization spray head, 12 and an upper computer.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a large liquid nitrogen refrigeration type cryogenic treatment device based on multi-temperature-zone precise control comprises a cold input device, a large cryogenic box and a cold auxiliary adjusting device, wherein the large cryogenic box comprises a box body 1, one end of the box body 1 is provided with a liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber 2, the other end of the box body is provided with a tail gas storage electromagnetic valve 3, a cavity between the liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber 2 and the tail gas storage electromagnetic valve 3 is a workpiece treatment cavity, and a cavity partition plate 4 is arranged between the workpiece treatment cavity and the liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber 2;
the cold input device comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller), a self-pressurization liquid nitrogen tank 5, a liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve 6, a liquid nitrogen inlet pipe 7, a stirring fan 8 and an air circulation net 9, wherein the self-pressurization liquid nitrogen tank 5 is communicated to the liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber 2 of the box body through the liquid nitrogen inlet pipe 7, the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve 6 is arranged on the liquid nitrogen inlet pipe 7, the air circulation net 9 is installed on the chamber partition plate 4, and the stirring fan 8 is arranged on the side wall of the liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber 2 and is opposite to the air circulation net 9; the cold quantity auxiliary adjusting device comprises a plurality of temperature and pressure sensors 10 and a high-pressure vaporization spray head 11 which are arranged in the large-scale cryogenic box; the workpiece processing cavity is divided into a plurality of areas, and the temperature and pressure sensor 10 and the high-pressure gasification spray head 11 are correspondingly distributed in each area; the tail gas storage electromagnetic valve 3, the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve 6, the temperature pressure sensor 10 and the high-pressure vaporization nozzle 11 are connected with an upper computer 12 through a PLC (programmable logic controller); the upper computer 12 calculates the temperature of the workpiece processing cavity through a weighted summation algorithm and respectively controls the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve, the tail gas storage electromagnetic valve and the high-pressure vaporization spray head through a PID controller.
In this embodiment, the workpiece processing chamber is sequentially divided into A, B, C, D, E regions from the chamber partition to the rear, and the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors in the five regions are respectively T1、T2、T3、T4、T5According to the ratio K of each area to the volume of the workpiece processing chamberiCalculating to obtain the ambient temperature T in the workpiece processing cavityhThe weighted sum formula is as follows:
in this embodiment, the PID controller controlling step includes: according to the calculated ambient temperature ThAnd a process set temperature TsWhile calculating ThAnd TsWhen Δ T is greater than 0, according to (T)h，Ts) Selecting a corresponding temperature regulating gear in the temperature difference interval, and setting the opening time t of the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve according to the corresponding temperature regulating gearkAnd opening the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve for corresponding time; and when the delta T is less than 0, closing the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve.
In this embodiment, the PID controller controlling step further includes: according to the calculated temperature T of each areaiAnd a process set temperature TSDifference value Δ T ofiWhen Δ T isiGreater than 0 according to (T)i，TS) Selecting corresponding temperature compensation gear in the temperature difference interval, and setting the opening time t of the high-pressure vaporization spray head according to the corresponding temperature compensation geariAnd opening the high-pressure vaporization nozzle for corresponding time; when Δ TiAnd when the pressure is less than 0, closing the high-pressure vaporization spray head.
In this embodiment, 2 to 3 high-pressure vaporization nozzles are disposed in the region C of the workpiece processing chamber.
In this embodiment, the PID controller is a Smith-PID controller, and a Smith time lag estimation compensation algorithm is built in the PID controller.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A large liquid nitrogen refrigeration type cryogenic treatment device based on multi-temperature-zone precise control is characterized by comprising a cold energy input device, a large cryogenic box and a cold energy auxiliary adjusting device, wherein the large cryogenic box comprises a box body, one end of the box body is provided with a liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber, the other end of the box body is provided with a tail gas storage electromagnetic valve, a cavity between the liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber and the tail gas storage electromagnetic valve is a workpiece treatment cavity, and a cavity partition plate is arranged between the workpiece treatment cavity and the liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber; the cold input device comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller), a self-pressurization liquid nitrogen tank, a liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve, a liquid nitrogen inlet pipe, a stirring fan and an air circulation net, wherein the self-pressurization liquid nitrogen tank is communicated to a liquid nitrogen dispersion chamber of the box body through the liquid nitrogen inlet pipe; the cold quantity auxiliary adjusting device comprises a plurality of temperature and pressure sensors and a high-pressure vaporization spray head which are arranged in the large-scale cryogenic box; the workpiece processing cavity is divided into a plurality of areas, and the temperature and pressure sensors and the high-pressure gasification nozzles are correspondingly distributed in the areas; the tail gas storage electromagnetic valve, the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve, the temperature pressure sensor and the high-pressure vaporization nozzle are all connected with an upper computer through a PLC (programmable logic controller); the upper computer calculates the temperature of the workpiece processing cavity through a weighted summation algorithm and respectively controls the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve, the tail gas storage electromagnetic valve and the high-pressure vaporization spray head through the PID controller.
2. The large liquid nitrogen refrigeration type cryogenic treatment equipment based on multi-temperature-zone precise control as claimed in claim 1, wherein the workpiece processing chamber is sequentially divided into A, B, C, D, E areas from the chamber partition plate to the tail part, and the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors in the five areas are respectively T1、T2、T3、T4、T5According to the ratio K of each area to the volume of the workpiece processing chamberiCalculating to obtain the ambient temperature T in the workpiece processing cavityhThe weighted sum formula is as follows:
3. the large liquid nitrogen refrigeration type cryogenic treatment equipment based on multi-temperature-zone precise control as claimed in claim 2, wherein the PID controller control step comprises: according to the calculated ambient temperature ThAnd a process set temperature TsWhile calculating ThAnd TsWhen Δ T is greater than 0, according to (T)h，Ts) Selecting a corresponding temperature regulating gear in the temperature difference interval, and setting the opening time t of the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve according to the corresponding temperature regulating gearkAnd opening the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve for corresponding time; and when the delta T is less than 0, closing the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve.
4. The large liquid nitrogen refrigeration type cryogenic treatment equipment based on multi-temperature-zone precise control as claimed in claim 2, wherein the PID controller control step further comprises: according to calculationDerived temperatures T of the respective zonesiAnd a process set temperature TsDifference value Δ T ofiWhen Δ T isiGreater than 0 according to (T)i，Ts) Selecting corresponding temperature compensation gear in the temperature difference interval, and setting the opening time t of the high-pressure vaporization spray head according to the corresponding temperature compensation geariAnd opening the high-pressure vaporization nozzle for corresponding time; when Δ TiAnd when the pressure is less than 0, closing the high-pressure vaporization spray head.
5. The large liquid nitrogen refrigeration type cryogenic treatment equipment based on multi-temperature-zone precise control as claimed in claim 2, wherein 2-3 high-pressure vaporization nozzles are arranged in a C region of the workpiece treatment cavity.
6. The large liquid nitrogen refrigeration type cryogenic treatment equipment based on multi-temperature-zone precise control as claimed in claim 1, wherein the PID controller is a Smith-PID controller, and a Smith time lag estimation compensation algorithm is built in the PID controller.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011611818.9A CN112682995A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Large-scale liquid nitrogen refrigeration formula cryogenic treatment equipment based on accurate control of multiple temperature zones |
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| CN202011611818.9A CN112682995A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Large-scale liquid nitrogen refrigeration formula cryogenic treatment equipment based on accurate control of multiple temperature zones |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0498052A (en) * | 1990-08-15 | 1992-03-30 | Hitachi Ltd | Cryogenic cooling device |
| US5174122A (en) * | 1989-10-02 | 1992-12-29 | Applied Cryogenics, Inc. | Method and means of low temperature treatment of items and materials with cryogenic liquid |
| CN101914663A (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2010-12-15 | 太原科技大学 | Liquid nitrogen refrigerating type subzero treating device and temperature detecting control method |
| CN108436024A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-08-24 | 嘉兴市乍浦杭湾重型机械有限公司 | A kind of quickly cooling device of high-temperature forging |
| CN109536687A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-29 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Cryogenic treatment equipment and treatment method thereof |
| CN212128249U (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-12-11 | 成都金钨硬质合金有限公司 | Carbide cryogenic treatment device |
-
2020
- 2020-12-30 CN CN202011611818.9A patent/CN112682995A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5174122A (en) * | 1989-10-02 | 1992-12-29 | Applied Cryogenics, Inc. | Method and means of low temperature treatment of items and materials with cryogenic liquid |
| JPH0498052A (en) * | 1990-08-15 | 1992-03-30 | Hitachi Ltd | Cryogenic cooling device |
| CN101914663A (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2010-12-15 | 太原科技大学 | Liquid nitrogen refrigerating type subzero treating device and temperature detecting control method |
| CN108436024A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-08-24 | 嘉兴市乍浦杭湾重型机械有限公司 | A kind of quickly cooling device of high-temperature forging |
| CN109536687A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-29 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Cryogenic treatment equipment and treatment method thereof |
| CN212128249U (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-12-11 | 成都金钨硬质合金有限公司 | Carbide cryogenic treatment device |
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Application publication date: 20210420 |