CN112682235A

CN112682235A - Engine combustion system based on non-uniform-aperture nozzle

Info

Publication number: CN112682235A
Application number: CN202011521420.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 白洪林; 张丛; 朱伟青; 刘金龙; 李超凡; 曹如楼; 车凯凯
Original assignee: China North Engine Research Institute Tianjin
Current assignee: China North Engine Research Institute Tianjin
Priority date: 2020-12-21
Filing date: 2020-12-21
Publication date: 2021-04-20

Abstract

The invention provides an engine combustion system based on a non-uniform-aperture nozzle, which comprises a non-uniform-aperture oil nozzle and a wavy combustion chamber, wherein the non-uniform-aperture oil nozzle is an oil nozzle with two alternatively arranged nozzle hole diameters and is positioned on a cylinder cover of an engine, and the wavy combustion chamber is a combustion chamber profile with a wavy line, is positioned at the top of a piston of the engine and is positioned below the non-uniform-aperture oil nozzle. According to the engine combustion system based on the non-uniform-aperture nozzle, the fuel injection nozzles with two apertures alternately arranged are adopted, so that on one hand, mutual interference among fuel oil sprays can be reduced, on the other hand, reasonable distribution of the fuel oil sprays in a combustion chamber can be facilitated, the utilization rate of air in the combustion chamber is improved, the oil-gas mixing effect in a cylinder is enhanced, and the combustion performance of an engine is improved.

Description

Engine combustion system based on non-uniform-aperture nozzle

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of combustion of internal combustion engines, and particularly relates to an engine combustion system based on a nozzle with a non-uniform aperture.

Background

In the face of increasingly stringent emission and fuel consumption regulations, automotive engines are undergoing a new technological revolution under the lead of the dowsize concept. The essence of the concept is that the engine with small displacement replaces the engine with large displacement through power density enhancement and is arranged on the vehicle with the same weight grade, so that the weight of the engine and the whole vehicle is reduced, the friction loss is reduced, the heat loss is reduced, the common operation working condition is biased to a low-specific oil consumption area with higher load, and as a result, the oil consumption of the whole vehicle and the whole vehicle is reduced by 10-30% under the condition of reaching the same emission standard, and the dynamic property is kept unchanged or slightly increased. The technical measures adopted for realizing the download concept comprise the following steps: higher injection pressure common rail fuel injection technology, high boost technology or two-stage boost technology, variable valve timing and lift technology, precise engine and powertrain electrical control technology, advanced EGR and exhaust aftertreatment technology, thermal management and accessory management technology, and the like. However, the most central content in the dowsize technology is how to organize a fast and efficient combustion process to increase engine power density.

Along with the continuous promotion of engine intensification degree, circulation fuel injection quantity can increase by a wide margin, needs to increase flow area through the mode of orifice diameter or increase orifice quantity, and then promotes the flow of nozzle. However, the spray atomization quality is reduced by increasing the diameter of the spray holes, the ignition process is further influenced, the distance between oil bundles is reduced by the number of the spray holes, small fuel droplets in a spray field are easy to collide with each other to be re-fused into large droplets, the fuel droplets are not beneficial to crushing and evaporating the fuel and fast mixing with fresh air, and various performance indexes of the engine are further reduced. Therefore, a new engine combustion system is needed, which can improve the quality of the combustible mixture and the combustion rate while improving the circulating fuel injection amount, and further improve the performance index of the intensified engine.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention is directed to an engine combustion system based on a nozzle with a non-uniform aperture, so as to improve the quality of a combustible mixture and the combustion rate while increasing the amount of fuel injected in a cycle, thereby improving the performance index of an enhanced engine.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

the utility model provides an engine combustion system based on non-uniform aperture nozzle, includes non-uniform aperture fuel sprayer and wave type combustion chamber, non-uniform aperture fuel sprayer adopts the fuel sprayer of two kinds of orifice diameters alternative arrangements, is located the cylinder head of engine, wave type combustion chamber is the combustion chamber profile that adopts the similar wave line, is located the top of engine piston, and is located non-uniform aperture fuel sprayer below.

Furthermore, a large-aperture spray hole and a small-aperture spray hole are arranged below the non-uniform-aperture oil nozzle, and the large-aperture spray hole and the small-aperture spray hole are alternately distributed.

Furthermore, the included angle between the central line of the spray hole with the large aperture and the axis of the fuel injector is A, the included angle between the central line of the spray hole with the small aperture and the axis of the fuel injector is B, and the included angles A and B are different.

Furthermore, the central line of the oil beam sprayed by the spray holes with large aperture and the central line of the oil beam sprayed by the spray holes with small aperture are distributed on the two conical surfaces.

Compared with the prior art, the engine combustion system based on the non-uniform-aperture nozzle has the following advantages:

(1) according to the engine combustion system based on the non-uniform-aperture nozzle, the two oil injection nozzles with the alternately arranged apertures are adopted, so that the advantages of long penetration distance of large-orifice spray, fuel oil diffusion benefiting, good atomization quality of small-orifice spray and easiness in ignition and combustion can be taken into consideration, meanwhile, different injection included angles are adopted and combined with the wave-shaped combustion chamber, mutual interference among the fuel oil sprays can be reduced, reasonable distribution of the fuel oil sprays in the combustion chamber can be facilitated, the utilization rate of air in the combustion chamber is improved, the oil-gas mixing effect in a cylinder is enhanced, and therefore the combustion performance of an engine is improved.

(2) According to the engine combustion system based on the non-uniform-aperture nozzle, all oil bundles are distributed on the two conical surfaces, so that the probability of mutual interference of fuel droplets among the oil bundles is reduced, and the crushing, evaporation and mixing processes of fuel spray under the condition of large-flow intensive injection are facilitated.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a non-uniform bore nozzle based engine combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 2 is a top view of a non-uniform bore nozzle based engine combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-uniform aperture nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-non-uniform aperture fuel spray nozzle, 2-fuel spray with large spray orifice, 3-wave type combustion chamber, 4-fuel spray with small spray orifice, 5-spray orifice with large aperture, and 6-spray orifice with small aperture.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

An engine combustion system based on a non-uniform-aperture nozzle is shown in fig. 1-3 and comprises a non-uniform-aperture oil nozzle 1 and a wave-shaped combustion chamber 3, wherein the non-uniform-aperture oil nozzle 1 is an oil nozzle adopting two alternative nozzle hole diameters and is positioned on a cylinder cover of an engine, and the wave-shaped combustion chamber 3 is a combustion chamber profile similar to a wave line, is positioned at the top of a piston of the engine and is positioned below the non-uniform-aperture oil nozzle 1.

The non-uniform-aperture oil nozzle 1 is provided with large-aperture spray holes 5 and small-aperture spray holes 6 which are alternately distributed, the included angle between the central line of the large-aperture spray holes 5 and the axis of the oil injector is A, the included angle between the central line of the small-aperture spray holes 6 and the axis of the oil injector is B, and the included angles A and B are different.

The central line of the oil beam sprayed from the large-aperture spray hole 5 and the central line of the oil beam sprayed from the small-aperture spray hole 6 are distributed on the two conical surfaces. The non-uniform-aperture oil nozzle 1 can jet fuel oil bundles which are alternately distributed in length, the oil bundles with two lengths are distributed on two conical surfaces, the oil bundles jetted by the jet holes 5 with large aperture are distributed on the outer side, and the oil bundles jetted by the jet holes 6 with small aperture are distributed on the inner side. By combining the flow guiding effect of the wave-shaped combustion chamber 3, the oil beams sprayed out from the spray holes 5 with large apertures can be more easily mixed with the air in the wide area outside the combustion chamber, the advantages of long penetration distance and fuel oil diffusion are fully exerted, and the quality of oil-gas mixture under the condition of large flow and dense injection is improved; the oil beam sprayed from the small-aperture spray hole 6 is easier to mix with the air in the combustion chamber pit, and the atomization quality of the spray from the small spray hole is better, thereby being beneficial to ignition and flame propagation. Meanwhile, all the oil bundles are distributed on the two conical surfaces, so that the probability of mutual interference of fuel droplets among the oil bundles is reduced, and the crushing, evaporation and mixing processes of fuel spray under the condition of large-flow intensive injection are facilitated. The combustion system can reduce the mutual interference between fuel oil sprays, is favorable for the reasonable distribution of the fuel oil sprays in the combustion chamber, improves the utilization rate of air in the combustion chamber, enhances the oil-gas mixing effect in the cylinder and further improves the combustion performance of the engine.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. An engine combustion system based on a non-uniform bore nozzle, characterized in that: the non-uniform-aperture fuel injection nozzle is a fuel injection nozzle adopting two kinds of spray hole diameters to be alternately arranged and is positioned on a cylinder cover of an engine, and the wavy combustion chamber is a combustion chamber profile adopting a wave-like line and is positioned at the top of a piston of the engine and below the non-uniform-aperture fuel injection nozzle.

2. The non-uniform bore nozzle based engine combustion system of claim 1, wherein: the non-uniform-aperture oil nozzle is provided with a large-aperture spray hole and a small-aperture spray hole below, and the large-aperture spray hole and the small-aperture spray hole are alternately distributed.

3. The non-uniform bore nozzle based engine combustion system of claim 1, wherein: the included angle between the central line of the spray hole with the large aperture and the axis of the oil sprayer is A, the included angle between the central line of the spray hole with the small aperture and the axis of the oil sprayer is B, and the included angles A and B are different.

4. The non-uniform bore nozzle based engine combustion system of claim 1, wherein: the central line of the oil beam sprayed by the large-aperture spray hole and the central line of the oil beam sprayed by the small-aperture spray hole are distributed on the two conical surfaces.