CN112682077B - Mining anti-impact three-column parallel type active roof-connecting retractable pier column structure, supporting system and construction method - Google Patents
Mining anti-impact three-column parallel type active roof-connecting retractable pier column structure, supporting system and construction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mining anti-impact three-column parallel type active roof-connecting retractable pier column structure, a supporting system and a construction method. Comprises a shoe plate, a top supporting plate and three pier columns; the three pier columns share the top supporting plate and the shoe plate, and are integrally fixed to realize rigid connection; the pier column comprises an upper section column, a lower section column and a yielding device; the yielding device consists of a plurality of steel plates and yielding small columns, and has two important functions of jacking and shrinking; the yielding device is vertically provided with yielding small columns, the yielding small columns have different primary supporting forces and different yielding capacities when the diameters and the numbers of the yielding small columns are different, and the yielding small columns can be steel pipes, reinforcing steel bars or other contractible materials; the top of the yielding device is contacted with the cylinder top cover; the bottom of the yielding small column is contacted with a free moving steel plate in the column body, the yielding small column is lifted up by grouting to move upwards by the free moving steel plate, the yielding device is driven to realize the prop connection, and when the top plate is excessively high in pressure, the yielding device is driven to descend by deforming, compressing and descending the yielding column to drive the prop to be compressible; the column body and the yielding device are combined to form a retractable column structure, and the retractable column structure is supported between the top and the bottom of the roadway. The invention has simple structure and high bearing capacity, can keep the bearing capacity of the pier column not to be reduced, can quickly shrink in a constant resistance manner, absorb impact energy and protect the safety of personnel and equipment in a roadway space.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coal mine roadway scour protection and support, and particularly relates to a mining scour protection three-column parallel type active roof-connection retractable pier column structure, a support system and a construction method.
Background
Rock burst is a phenomenon that a rock mass in the face of a blank is suddenly damaged in the deep mining process, when the rock burst occurs, a large amount of impact energy is released in the rock mass, the occurrence frequency and the damage degree of the rock burst are increased along with the continuous increase of the depth and the intensity of coal mining, and the rock burst is one of the main potential safety hazards facing a deep mine at present. In practical roadways, the safety of the roadway is usually ensured through a high-strength supporting mode, such as an anchor rod (anchor rope) supporting mode, a U-shaped steel supporting mode, a hydraulic pier supporting mode and the like, which are designed according to quasi-static ore pressure, have strong static load bearing capacity, but cannot bear the huge impact action of energy carried by sudden impact pressure on a supporting system under the action of impact load, and often the sudden damage of part of the supporting bodies causes the impact instability damage of the whole supporting system, while the advanced hydraulic support has higher protective capacity, and has certain yielding capacity by adopting the hydraulic pier, but has high self weight and low yielding speed, and does not have the capacity of absorbing the impact energy, so that the hydraulic support is often subjected to serious bending deformation and even damage.
Compared with the prior patent CN106285738A, constant-group pressure transformation is realized by releasing the emulsion, but when the emulsion faces the rock burst, the pressure is difficult to release in time, the release time of the emulsion is far longer than the action time of the rock burst, and the impact energy cannot be absorbed. Compared with CN107905825A, the compression is realized through the log, on one hand, the mechanical properties of the log are changeable, the pier column cannot be guaranteed not to be compressed and deformed when being used normally, and on the other hand, when sudden load occurs, the log is in a three-way stress state under the constraint of a cylinder shell, and along with being compressed, the bearing capacity is improved, and the contractible space is small. Therefore, the support type with simple structure, large bearing load, rapid response and high energy absorption efficiency is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a mining anti-impact three-column parallel type active roof-connecting retractable pier column structure, a supporting system and a construction method, wherein the anti-impact pier column is used as a main bearing structure, has a simple structure and large bearing capacity, and can provide higher working resistance (4000-10000N/column) in normal use; when the rock burst occurs, the bearing capacity of the pier stud can be kept not to be reduced, the pier stud can be contracted rapidly and constantly, impact energy is absorbed, and personnel and equipment in a roadway space are protected.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way:
a mining anti-impact three-column parallel type active roof-connecting retractable pier column structure comprises a shoe plate, a top supporting plate and three columns; the three struts share a top supporting plate and a shoe plate, and are integrally fixed to realize rigid connection;
the pier column comprises a lower section column, an upper section column and a yielding device; the yielding device consists of a plurality of steel plates and yielding small columns, and has two important functions of jacking and shrinking; the yielding device is vertically provided with the yielding small columns, the yielding small columns have different initial supporting forces and different yielding capacities when the diameters and the numbers of the yielding small columns are different, and the yielding small columns can be steel pipes, steel bars or other contractible materials; the top of the yielding device is contacted with the cylinder top cover; the bottom of the yielding small column is contacted with a free moving steel plate in the column body, the yielding small column is enabled to move upwards by grouting lifting the free moving steel plate, and the yielding device is driven to realize the prop connection. The upper section column and the lower section column can be matched with each other in a sliding manner to provide a certain yielding space, and meanwhile, the effect of early support can be achieved under the action of the resistance of the yielding small column, and the upper section column and the lower section column can be quickly contracted only when rock burst occurs, so that effective support is provided, yielding in space is realized, and roadway integrity and personnel safety are ensured. The steel cable cross connection can balance the stress of all connection points, and the performance of the whole steel cable is cooperated, so that the whole performance of the triple column is better exerted.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, three of said struts are connected by means of cables, which are arranged crosswise and diagonal and which are prestressed.
The three upright posts are fixedly connected by the multiple measures, so that out-of-plane deformation such as instability of the compression bar is prevented.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lower section posts are connected through steel cables, and the steel cables are arranged in a crossed and inclined manner and are applied with prestress; the upper section posts are fixedly connected through steel plates and bolts.
The upper section posts are connected through steel plates and bolts, and the lower section posts are connected through oblique steel cables, so that the transverse restraint of the pier posts is increased, and the stability of the pier post group is enhanced.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a bending-resistant steel bar or bending-resistant round steel is arranged inside the lower section column in a penetrating way.
And the bending-resistant steel bars or the bending-resistant round steel can resist the horizontal thrust of the caving gangue in the goaf.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the upper section column and the lower section column are of steel pipe structures, and slurry is poured into the steel pipe of the lower section column; the upper section column is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower section column.
The steel pipe has the advantages of moment of inertia, difficult torsion and high supporting force, can meet the requirement of supporting through internally filling slurry, and has controllable cost. GFRP tubes may be used in addition to these.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a first slidable round steel plate is arranged in the upper section column steel pipe, and the first round steel plate is arranged at the top of the yielding small column; a third slidable round steel plate is arranged in the steel pipe of the lower section column, and the third round steel plate is arranged at the bottom of the yielding small column; the second round steel plate is arranged on the yielding small column in a penetrating way and is positioned between the first round steel plate and the third round steel plate; a first sealing ring is arranged between the third round steel plate and the inner wall of the steel pipe of the lower section column, and the first sealing ring is fixed on the periphery of the third round steel plate and slides along with the third round steel plate.
Through slidable steel sheet, can jack-up steel sheet at the inside grout of lower festival post, thereby the effect of steel sheet jack-up lets the pressure little post drive upper festival post and strut on the roof. Through the setting of sealing washer, can guarantee sufficient jacking pressure, prevent to leak thick liquid. The first round steel plate and the third round steel plate are adjusted in position through sliding, so that the supporting resistance is changed to a certain extent.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top support plate, the first round steel plate, and the third round steel plate are provided with exhaust holes;
or, let the pressure equipment in the middle of put and link up and be provided with the blast pipe, the upper end of blast pipe passes the top backup pad, and the lower extreme passes the inside intercommunication of the steel pipe of third circular steel pipe and lower festival post.
And the exhaust hole is used for exhausting gas in the support cavity during grouting and ensuring more sufficient grouting. The exhaust hole can be internally provided with a steel pipe structure.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a second sealing ring is arranged between the steel pipe of the upper section column and the steel pipe of the lower section column; the second sealing ring is fixed on the inner side of the bottom of the steel pipe of the upper section column.
Prevent to run the oar when making the slip casting through sealed, guaranteed the stability of slip casting holding power for jack-up section post area pressure connects the top when the slip casting, can continuously provide holding power after the thick liquid is stable, and the thick liquid also can form seal structure between the steel pipe of section post and the steel pipe of lower section post in addition entering upper section post.
The invention also relates to a mining anti-collision three-column parallel type active roof-connection retractable pier column supporting system, which comprises a group of retractable pier column structures supported along a roadway.
The invention also relates to a construction method of the mining anti-impact three-column parallel type active roof-connecting retractable pier column structure, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Processing upper and lower section column hollow steel pipes, yielding small columns, round steel plates, top support plates and shoe plates on the ground, processing top support plates and exhaust holes, processing grouting holes and shoe plates on the lower section column, assembling yielding devices, and sleeving the upper section column outside the lower section column by the first, second and third yielding small columns to form yielding devices;
2) After assembly, transporting the construction method to the inside of a roadway, leveling a preset site, determining a supporting position according to design, placing pier studs by side edges, and respectively installing three pier studs on a shoe plate when one side of a bending-resistant steel bar or round steel is far away from the side wall of the roadway during installation;
3) The pier stud is fixed, the pier stud is connected with anchor rods of the side wall, at least two anchor rods are connected, two fixing measures are formed, and channel steel is buckled at the top ends of the three pier studs; meanwhile, the adjacent three pier columns form a pier column group, the upper section columns are connected through steel plates and bolts, and the lower section columns are connected through oblique steel cables, so that the transverse constraint of the pier columns is increased, and the stability of the pier column group is enhanced;
4) Adding the dry materials into a pulping barrel, and adding water, an early strength agent, a water reducing agent, special cement and the like into the mixing of the slurry according to a certain proportion so as to enable the prepared slurry to reach preset strength;
5) The connection grouting pipeline is sequentially as follows: the small grouting pump, the conveying pipe, the check valve and the grouting hole are communicated, and when the grouting pump is used for the first time, a tank of cement mortar is pumped to lubricate a pipeline, and then normal pouring is carried out;
6) When in formal pouring, the middle column is poured first, so that channel steel is initially contacted with a roadway, slurry is self-leveling and free of vibrating, after the slurry is leveled with the top of the lower section column steel pipe, the upper section column is gradually lifted under the jacking pressure of the lower section slurry, the grouting pump is stopped first until the pier column reaches the preset jacking pressure, the check valve is closed, the pipeline is disassembled, and the grouting hole is plugged; connecting the pier columns at the edge, and continuing pouring until the preset empty pier columns are completely poured;
7) Performing fullness inspection on the next day after grouting is finished, performing preliminary inspection by knocking, performing fine inspection on the anti-collision pier with difference in knocking sound by using ultrasonic waves, detecting the pier with the incompact slurry, and filling slurry into the pier with high consistency and low cement ratio by using a small pump through an exhaust hole, or re-erecting a new pier;
8) When the high-strength support is normally used, the inner high-strength slurry and the pier column shells are combined to form a high-strength support; when the rock burst comes, huge pressure exceeds the rated bearing value of the pier column, the yielding small column in the upper section column is compressed and deformed, the pier column realizes constant resistance deformation, and the stability of a roadway is ensured.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1) The upper section column and the lower section column can be matched with each other in a sliding manner to provide a certain yielding space, and meanwhile, the yielding device can play a role in early support under the action of resistance, and can be quickly contracted only when rock burst occurs, so that effective support is provided, yielding in space is realized, and roadway integrity and personnel safety are ensured. The steel cable cross connection can balance the stress of all connection points, and the performance of the whole steel cable is cooperated, so that the whole performance of the triple column is better exerted.
2) The upper section posts are connected through steel plates and bolts, and the lower section posts are connected through oblique steel cables, so that the transverse restraint of the pier posts is increased, and the stability of the pier post group is enhanced.
3) And the bending-resistant steel bars or the bending-resistant round steel can resist the horizontal thrust of the caving gangue in the goaf.
4) Through slidable steel sheet, can jack-up steel sheet at the inside grout of lower festival post, thereby the effect of steel sheet jack-up lets the pressure little post drive upper festival post and strut on the roof. Through the setting of sealing washer, can guarantee sufficient jacking pressure, prevent to leak thick liquid.
5) The top end of the strut is provided with an exhaust passage penetrating the round steel plate, the energy absorbing material and the top cover, so that gas in the strut cavity is discharged during grouting, and grouting is ensured to be more sufficient.
6) Prevent to run the oar when making the slip casting through sealed, guaranteed the stability of slip casting holding power for jack-up section post area pressure connects the top when the slip casting, can continuously provide holding power after the thick liquid is stable, and the thick liquid also can form seal structure between the steel pipe of section post and the steel pipe of lower section post in addition entering upper section post.
7) When no impact load acts, the slurry is in a three-way compression state under the constraint of the column shell, so that the bearing capacity is increased, the column shell increases the stability of the pipe wall under the constraint of the internal slurry, and the bearing capacity and the stability of the pier column are greatly improved due to the symbiotic phenomenon of the slurry and the column;
8) According to the invention, the steel pipe is arranged in the upper cavity, the mechanical properties of the steel pipe are fixed, different pier column impact load resistance capacities can be provided by adjusting the diameters of the compression small columns and the number of the compression small columns, the compression small columns are not limited to a round shape, and steel materials with different section forms can be adopted. The appropriate section and number of the yielding columns can be selected according to different working environments and requirements.
9) When impact load acts, the steel pipe can still maintain strength after entering a yield stage, can fully compress and deform, realizes constant resistance and contractibility, ensures that a roadway is stable, and after the steel pipe is compressed to the limit, the pier can still exert supporting efficiency, realizes high-strength supporting on a top plate, has a simple structure, high bearing capacity and convenient disassembly and assembly, can effectively buffer and absorb impact energy, and protects the safety of roadway personnel equipment.
10 According to the invention, a group of three posts are cooperatively stressed, the bearing capacity area is increased by the channel steel, the bearing capacity is improved, the three posts share the same shoe plate, the upper posts are connected through steel plates and bolts, the lower posts are connected through steel cables, so that the transverse constraint of the posts is enhanced, the three posts are cooperatively stressed, and the stability of the posts when bearing loads is improved.
11 The lower cavity of the invention can also be filled with water, mining hydraulic pier stud emulsified oil or other materials, and the cost is saved on the premise of ensuring the bearing capacity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a post structure in an unopened state according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prop in the up-up state according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a triple column of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 3A;
FIG. 5 is a schematic transverse cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a steady state construction of a strut according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the post structure after quick yielding of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-top cap; 2-a first round steel plate; 3-a second round steel plate; 4-letting the small column press; 5-a third round steel plate; 6-upper section column; 7-grouting holes; 8-a shoe plate; 9-exhaust holes; 10-a first sealing ring; 11-a second sealing ring; 12-lower section column; 13-slurry; 14-yielding pillars of cup crush; 15-top plate; 16-wire rope; 17-a connector; 18-a top support plate; 19-bending-resistant round steel; 20-surrounding rock; 21-a steel plate; 22-bolts.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Figures 1-7 show a schematic view of one embodiment of a cuisine assembly of the present invention;
a mining anti-impact three-column parallel type active roof-connecting retractable pier column structure comprises a shoe plate 8, a top supporting plate 18 and three pier columns; the three piers share the top supporting plate 18 and the shoe plate 8, and are integrally fixed to realize rigid connection;
the pier column comprises a lower section column 12, an upper section column 6 and a yielding device; the yielding device consists of a plurality of steel plates and yielding small columns 4, and has two important functions of jacking and shrinking; the yielding device is vertically provided with the yielding small columns 4, the yielding small columns 4 have different initial supporting forces and different yielding capacities when the diameters and the numbers of the yielding small columns 4 are different, and the yielding small columns can be steel pipes, steel bars or other contractible materials; the top of the yielding device is contacted with the cylinder top cover; the bottom of the yielding small column is contacted with a free moving steel plate in the column body, the yielding small column is lifted up by grouting to move upwards by the free moving steel plate, the yielding device is driven to realize the prop connection, and when the top plate is excessively high in pressure, the yielding device is driven to descend by deforming, compressing and descending the yielding column to drive the prop to be compressible; the column body and the yielding device are combined to form a retractable column structure, and the retractable column structure is supported between the top and the bottom of the roadway. The invention has simple structure and high bearing capacity, can keep the bearing capacity of the pier column not to be reduced, can quickly shrink in a constant resistance manner, absorb impact energy and protect the safety of personnel and equipment in a roadway space.
Preferably, top support plate 18 is a channel steel structure.
Specifically, three pier columns are connected through steel ropes 16, and the steel ropes 16 are arranged in a crossed and inclined manner and are applied with prestress.
The three upright posts are fixedly connected by the multiple measures, so that out-of-plane deformation such as instability of the compression bar is prevented.
Specifically, the lower section posts are connected through steel cables 16, and the steel cables are arranged in a crossed and inclined manner and are applied with prestress; the upper section posts are fixedly connected through a steel plate 21 and bolts 22.
The upper section posts are connected through steel plates and bolts, and the lower section posts are connected through oblique steel cables, so that the transverse restraint of the pier posts is increased, and the stability of the pier post group is enhanced.
Specifically, bending steel bars 19 or bending round steel 19 are arranged inside the lower section column in a penetrating mode. Preferably, one side of the bending-resistant round steel is far away from the side wall of the roadway during installation.
And the bending-resistant steel bars or the bending-resistant round steel can resist the horizontal thrust of the caving gangue in the goaf.
Specifically, the upper section column and the lower section column are of steel pipe structures, and slurry is poured into the steel pipes of the lower section column; the upper section column is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower section column.
The steel pipe has the advantages of moment of inertia, difficult torsion and high supporting force, can meet the requirement of supporting through internally filling slurry, and has controllable cost. GFRP tubes may be used in addition to these.
Specifically, a first slidable round steel plate 2 is arranged in the upper section column steel pipe, and the first round steel plate 2 is slidably arranged at the top of the yielding small column 4; a third slidable round steel plate 5 is arranged in the steel pipe of the lower section column, and is arranged at the bottom of the yielding small column in a sliding manner; the second round steel plate 3 is arranged on the yielding small column 4 in a penetrating way and is positioned between the first round steel plate 2 and the third round steel plate 5; a first sealing ring 10 is arranged between the third round steel plate 5 and the inner wall of the steel pipe of the lower section column, and the first sealing ring 10 is fixed on the periphery of the third round steel plate.
Through slidable steel sheet, can jack-up steel sheet at the inside grout of lower festival post, thereby the effect of steel sheet jack-up lets the pressure little post drive upper festival post and strut on the roof. Through the setting of sealing washer, can guarantee sufficient jacking pressure, prevent to leak thick liquid. The first circular steel plate and the third circular steel plate are adjusted in position by sliding, so that the supporting resistance is changed to a certain extent.
Specifically, the top support plate 18, the first round steel plate 2, and the third round steel plate 5 are provided with exhaust holes 9;
or, the middle of the yielding small column 4 is communicated with an exhaust pipe, the upper end of the exhaust pipe passes through the top supporting plate 18, and the lower end of the exhaust pipe passes through the third round steel pipe 5 to be communicated with the inside of the steel pipe of the lower section column.
And the exhaust hole is used for exhausting gas in the support cavity during grouting and ensuring more sufficient grouting. The exhaust hole can be internally provided with a steel pipe structure.
Specifically, a second sealing ring 11 is arranged between the steel pipe of the upper section column and the steel pipe of the lower section column; the second sealing ring 11 is fixed on the inner side of the bottom of the steel pipe of the upper section column.
Prevent to run the oar when making the slip casting through sealed, guaranteed the stability of slip casting holding power for jack-up section post area pressure connects the top when the slip casting, can continuously provide holding power after the thick liquid is stable, and the thick liquid also can form seal structure between the steel pipe of section post and the steel pipe of lower section post in addition entering upper section post.
In short, the mining anti-impact active pier-connection column structure provided by the invention mainly comprises three aspects: pier stud overall structure and detail structure.
1. Integral structure of pier column
Every three pier studs form a group, the same group of pier studs share the shoe plate, the upper section studs are connected through steel plates and bolts, the lower section studs are connected through two steel cables in a cross manner, the tops of the studs share one channel steel, and the contact area between the studs and the top plate of the roadway is increased. The pier column mainly comprises an upper section column body and a lower section column body and a yielding structure, wherein the yielding structure is welded at the top end of the lower section column, the upper section column body is sleeved above the lower section column body and the yielding system, the pier column body is integrally formed by combining sealing rings, the pier column body is made of steel pipes or GFRP pipes, and according to the form of force transmitted from a roadway, the section of the column body can be equal in moment of inertia, circular not suitable for torsion and rectangular more suitable for bearing unequal bending moments.
The upper section column comprises a top cover, an exhaust hole and a second sealing ring, the yielding structure comprises an exhaust hole, a yielding small column, a first round steel plate, a second round steel plate, a third round steel plate and a first sealing ring, and the lower section column comprises a grouting hole and a shoe plate. The upper section column and the lower section column respectively comprise a cavity, slurry is injected into the lower cavity to lift the upper section column, meanwhile, the pressure-letting structure is lifted, and the slurry is solidified and combined with the pier column to form a high-strength support body; the upper cavity is internally provided with a yielding structure, a flexible foaming material is injected into the yielding structure, the strength is about 1-3MPa, the yielding pillars of the yielding structure are assisted to bear force together, and when the working pressure exceeds the rated pressure, the steel pipes and the foaming material of the yielding structure are stressed to be compressed, and the pier pillars realize constant resistance deformation.
2. Detail structure of pier stud
Let the first circular steel sheet size of pressing the structure and be slightly less than the inner diameter of upper segment post, the circular steel sheet of second is the annular steel sheet, and external diameter size is between upper segment post internal diameter and lower segment post external diameter, and internal diameter size is greater than lets presses the little post, and the circular steel sheet outside of third has the sealing washer, can with lower segment post in close contact. During installation, the first round steel plate is welded with one end of the small pressing column, the small pressing column is further penetrated into the second round steel plate, the third round steel plate is further welded with the other end of the small pressing column, and at the moment, the second round steel plate is positioned between the first round steel plate and the third round steel plate. The compressive small columns are adopted to bear, the mechanical property is stable, the pier columns can have different bearing capacities in normal use by adjusting the quantity and the size of the compressive small columns, the yielding section of the compressive small columns is long, the compressive small columns still have bearing capacities in the bending process, and the compressive small columns can absorb impact load energy in the deformation process, so that the impact-resistant effect is achieved.
In addition, the first round steel plate and the upper section column top cover do not process and only play a role in force transmission. The center of the top cover of the upper section column, the center of the first round steel plate and the center of the third round steel plate are reserved with small holes, the second round steel plate and the top end of the lower section column are welded and fixed on the well, and after the assembly is completed, the second round steel plate and the top end of the lower section column can jointly form an exhaust hole of the upper section column.
In order to prevent the pier stud compression bar from being unstable, bending-resistant round steel is welded in the lower section post, the round steel is outwards laterally and resists the horizontal thrust of the caving gangue of the goaf, and round steel with different sizes can be welded under different conditions. The top end of the upper section column is welded with a top cover, a channel steel is buckled above the top cover, three pier columns share the channel steel, the channel steel can increase the contact area with a roadway, and meanwhile, the connection of the tops of the three columns is reinforced; the upper section posts are connected through steel plates and bolts. The bottom of the lower section column is clamped and seated on the connecting shoe plate, and the three columns share the shoe plate; the lower section posts are connected through steel cables, and the steel cables are arranged in a crossed and inclined manner and apply a certain prestress. The multiple measures enable the three upright posts to be fixedly connected, increase transverse constraint among the three upright posts, and prevent out-of-plane deformation such as compression bar instability. The middle part of the lower section column is provided with a grouting hole for grouting; the inner side of the bottom of the upper section column is fixed with a second sealing ring, so that the tightness of the lower cavity is ensured during grouting.
When the grouting device is used, a jacking method is adopted, high-strength slurry is poured into the hollow pier column through the grouting holes, the slurry is self-leveling and free of vibration, when the slurry rises to the bottom of the yielding structure in the lower section column, the upper section column is gradually lifted under the jacking pressure of the slurry at the lower section until the pier column reaches the preset jacking pressure, grouting is stopped, the grouting holes are plugged, and in the grouting process, the gas in the cavity is discharged from the top exhaust hole.
The steel cable cross connection can balance the stress of all connection points, and the performance of the whole steel cable is cooperated, so that the whole performance of the triple column is better exerted.
The slurry in the pier column is recommended to be filled with a high-strength slurry material, and adopts the proportion of an early strength agent, a water reducing agent and special cement, so that the pier column has the characteristics of high strength and rapid hardening, and can be filled with common concrete.
The filling system mainly comprises a pulping barrel, a small-sized grouting pump, a conveying pipe and a check valve, and is connected with a grouting pipeline according to the grouting pump, the conveying pipe, the check valve and a grouting hole. The pulping barrel completes the stirring of the slurry in the roadway, and the slurry is poured into a grouting pump after being stirred; the small grouting pump is connected with the pier column grouting holes through a conveying pipe, and pumps slurry into the pier column at a certain pressure; the conveying pipe is a medium for connecting the grouting pump and the pier stud; the check valve can realize unidirectional flow of slurry, and the slurry realizes self-leveling and vibration-free.
Embodiment two:
the invention also relates to a mining anti-collision three-column parallel type active roof-connection retractable pier column supporting system, which comprises a group of retractable pier column structures supported along a roadway.
Embodiment III:
the invention also relates to a construction method of the mining anti-impact three-column parallel type active roof-connecting retractable pier column structure, taking a coal mine roadway as an example, and completing the construction of 7-10 pier column groups each time according to the requirement, wherein the construction process of the pier columns is as follows:
1. the method comprises the steps of machining an empty steel pipe pier column shaft on the ground, pressing a small column, welding a round steel plate, a pier column top cover and a pier column shoe plate, machining a top cover and an exhaust hole on an upper section column, machining a grouting hole and a shoe plate on a lower section column, assembling the pressing small column, forming a pressing structure by the first round steel plate, the second round steel plate and the third round steel plate, welding the second round steel plate to the top end of the lower section column, and sleeving the upper section column into the lower section column.
2. After the assembly, the pier is transported to the tunnel, the preset site of the pier is leveled, the supporting position is determined according to the design, the pier is generally placed by the side wall, and the pier is installed by a special installation machine or by manpower (2-3 people). When in installation, one side of the bending-resistant round steel is far away from the side wall of the roadway, and three pier studs are respectively installed on the shoe plate.
3. And fixing the pier stud, connecting the pier stud with the anchor rods of the side wall, connecting at least two anchor rods to form an upper fixing measure and a lower fixing measure, and buckling channel steel at the top ends of the three pier studs. Meanwhile, the adjacent three pier columns form a pier column group, the upper section columns are connected through steel plates and bolts, and the lower section columns are connected through oblique steel ropes, so that the transverse constraint of the pier columns is increased, and the stability of the pier column group is enhanced.
4. The dry materials are put into a pulping barrel, and water, an early strength agent, a water reducing agent, special cement and the like are added into the mixing of the slurry according to a certain proportion, so that the prepared slurry reaches preset strength.
5. The connection grouting pipeline is sequentially as follows: the small grouting pump, the conveying pipe, the check valve and the grouting hole are communicated, and when the grouting pump is used for the first time, a tank of cement mortar is pumped to lubricate a pipeline, and then the pipeline is normally poured.
6. And during formal filling, the middle column is filled first, so that the channel steel is initially in contact with the roadway, the slurry is self-leveling and free of vibrating, after the slurry is leveled with the top of the lower section column, the upper section column is gradually lifted under the jacking pressure of the slurry at the lower section until the pier column reaches the preset jacking pressure, the grouting pump is stopped first, the check valve is closed, the pipeline is disassembled, and the grouting hole is plugged. And connecting the pier columns at the edge, and continuing pouring until the preset empty pier columns are completely poured.
7. The next day after grouting is completed, the plumpness is checked, the preliminary check is carried out by knocking, the impact-resistant pier stud with difference in knocking sound is carefully detected by ultrasonic waves, the pier stud with the incompact slurry is checked, the slurry is supplemented by adopting a small pump through the high-consistency slurry with lower water-cement ratio injected through the exhaust hole, or a new pier stud is newly erected.
8. When the high-strength support is normally used, the inner high-strength slurry and the pier column shells are combined to form a high-strength support; when the rock burst comes, huge pressure exceeds the rated bearing value of the pier column, the yielding small column in the upper section column is compressed and deformed, the pier column realizes constant resistance deformation, and the stability of a roadway is ensured.
The key points of the technology of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention provides a mining anti-impact active top pier column structure which mainly comprises an upper column body, a lower column body and a yielding structure, wherein the upper column body comprises a top cover, bending-resistant round steel and an exhaust hole, the yielding structure comprises an exhaust hole, a yielding small column, a first round steel plate, a second round steel plate, a third round steel plate and a first sealing ring, and the lower column body comprises a second sealing ring, grouting holes, bending-resistant round steel and a shoe plate.
2. The channel steel is buckled above the upper section column top cover, and the three pier columns share the channel steel, so that the contact area with a roadway is increased; the upper cavity is internally provided with a yielding structure which is fixed at the top end of the lower section column, and the upper section column is sleeved outside the lower section column; the lower section column is used for grasping the ground through the shoe plate, the middle part is provided with a grouting hole, and when the shoe is used, slurry is injected from the grouting hole of the lower section column, and the upper section column is jacked up with pressure to be jacked.
3. Every three pier columns form a column group, the same column group shares a shoe plate, the upper section columns are connected through steel plates and bolts, the lower section columns are connected through steel ropes, and multiple measures are adopted to increase transverse constraint; in addition, bending-resistant round steel is welded in the lower section column, the round steel is outwards laterally, and the horizontal thrust of the caving gangue in the goaf is resisted.
4. The pier column body provided by the invention can be made of steel pipes or GFRP pipes, and the section of the pier column body can be round with equal moment of inertia and difficult to twist or rectangular with more suitable bearing unequal bending moment according to the form of force transmitted from a roadway.
5. The pouring system provided by the invention is used for finishing grouting of 7-10 pier stud groups each time, and mainly comprises a pulping barrel, a small grouting pump, a conveying pipe and a check valve. Specific: stirring the slurry in a pulping barrel; the small grouting pump is connected with the grouting hole through a conveying pipe and is used for pumping slurry; the check valve can realize unidirectional flow of slurry; the delivery tube serves as a medium for slurry transport.
6. The construction method provided by the invention comprises the steps of (1) manufacturing and assembling pier stud structures on the ground; (2) preliminary treatment of a supporting area, and supporting pier columns; (3) fixing pier studs, linking the pier studs with anchor rods of the side walls, wherein three adjacent pier studs share a shoe plate and are connected into a pier stud group through steel plates, bolts and steel ropes; (4) preparing slurry; (5) connecting a grouting pipeline; (6) grouting into the pier column to enable the upper section column to be propped up with pressure; (7) after grouting is completed, carrying out fullness examination, and supplementing unqualified grouting; (8) during normal use, high bearing capacity is provided, the rock burst is temporary, the compression small column is compressed and deformed, and the stability of a roadway is ensured.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims and their equivalents, and that such changes and modifications are to be construed as being within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The mining anti-impact three-column parallel type active roof-connecting retractable pier column structure is characterized by comprising a shoe plate, a top supporting plate and three pier columns; the three pier columns share the top supporting plate and the shoe plate, and are integrally fixed to realize rigid connection;
the pier column comprises a lower section column, an upper section column and a yielding device; the yielding device consists of a plurality of steel plates and yielding small columns, and has two important functions of jacking and shrinking; the yielding device is vertically provided with yielding small columns, the yielding small columns have different initial supporting forces and different yielding capacities when the diameters and the numbers of the yielding small columns are different, and the yielding small columns are steel pipes, steel bars or other contractible materials; the top of the yielding device is contacted with the cylinder top cover; the bottom of the yielding small column is contacted with a free moving steel plate in the column body, and the yielding small column is enabled to move upwards by grouting to lift the free moving steel plate, so that a yielding device is driven to realize the top connection of the column body; the lower section column, the upper section column and the pressure yielding device are combined to form a retractable pier column structure, and three columns are supported between the top and the bottom of the roadway in parallel;
the three pier columns are connected through steel cables, the steel cables are arranged in a crossed and inclined manner, and prestress is applied;
the upper section column and the lower section column are both of steel pipe structures, and slurry is poured into the steel pipes of the lower section column; the upper section column is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower section column;
a first slidable round steel plate is arranged in the upper section column steel pipe and is arranged at the top of the yielding small column;
a third slidable round steel plate is arranged in the steel pipe of the lower section column, and the third round steel plate is arranged at the bottom of the yielding small column; the second round steel plate is arranged on the yielding small column in a penetrating way and is positioned between the first round steel plate and the third round steel plate; a first sealing ring is arranged between the third round steel plate and the inner wall of the steel pipe of the lower section column, and the first sealing ring is fixed on the periphery of the third round steel plate.
2. The mining anti-collision three-column parallel active roof-connecting retractable pier column structure according to claim 1, wherein the lower section columns are connected through steel cables, are arranged in a cross inclined-pull manner, and are applied with prestress; the upper section posts are fixedly connected through steel plates and bolts.
3. The mining anti-collision three-column parallel type active roof-connecting retractable pier column structure according to claim 2, wherein bending-resistant steel bars or bending-resistant round steel are arranged inside the lower section column in a penetrating mode.
4. The mining anti-collision three-column parallel type active roof-connecting retractable pier column structure according to claim 1, wherein the top supporting plate, the first round steel plate and the third round steel plate are provided with vent holes;
or, let and press the post centre to link up and be provided with the blast pipe, the upper end of blast pipe passes the top backup pad, and the lower extreme passes the inside intercommunication of the steel pipe of third circular steel pipe and lower festival post.
5. The mining anti-collision three-column parallel type active roof-connecting retractable pier column structure according to claim 1, wherein a second sealing ring is arranged between the steel pipe of the upper section column and the steel pipe of the lower section column; the second sealing ring is fixed on the inner side of the bottom of the steel pipe of the upper section column.
6. A mining anti-collision three-column parallel active roof-engaging collapsible pier column support system comprising a plurality of groups of collapsible pier column structures as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 supported along a roadway.
7. The construction method of the mining anti-impact three-column parallel type active roof-connecting retractable pier column structure, which is applied to the support system of claim 6, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Processing and manufacturing an upper section column hollow steel pipe, a lower section column hollow steel pipe, a yielding small column, a round steel plate, a top supporting plate and a shoe plate on the ground, processing a top supporting plate and an exhaust hole, processing a grouting hole and a shoe plate on the lower section column, assembling yielding small columns, and sleeving the upper section column into the outer side of the lower section column by the first yielding small column, the second yielding small column and the third yielding small column to form a yielding structure;
2) After assembly, transporting the construction method to the inside of a roadway, leveling a preset site, determining a supporting position according to design, placing pier studs by side edges, and respectively installing three pier studs on a shoe plate when one side of a bending-resistant steel bar or round steel is far away from the side wall of the roadway during installation;
3) The pier stud is fixed, the pier stud is connected with anchor rods of the side wall, at least two anchor rods are connected, two fixing measures are formed, and channel steel is buckled at the top ends of the three pier studs; meanwhile, the adjacent three pier columns form a pier column group, the upper section columns are connected through steel plates and bolts, and the lower section columns are connected through oblique steel cables, so that the transverse constraint of the pier columns is increased, and the stability of the pier column group is enhanced;
4) Adding the dry materials into a pulping barrel, and adding water, an early strength agent, a water reducing agent and special cement into the mixing of the slurry according to a certain proportion to ensure that the prepared slurry reaches preset strength;
5) The connection grouting pipeline is sequentially as follows: the small grouting pump, the conveying pipe, the check valve and the grouting hole are communicated, and when the grouting pump is used for the first time, a tank of cement mortar is pumped to lubricate a pipeline, and then normal pouring is carried out;
6) When in formal pouring, the middle column is poured first, so that channel steel is initially contacted with a roadway, slurry is self-leveling and free of vibrating, after the slurry is leveled with the top of the lower section column steel pipe, the upper section column is gradually lifted under the jacking pressure of the lower section slurry, the grouting pump is stopped first until the pier column reaches the preset jacking pressure, the check valve is closed, the pipeline is disassembled, and the grouting hole is plugged; connecting the pier columns at the edge, and continuing pouring until the preset empty pier columns are completely poured;
7) Performing fullness inspection on the next day after grouting is finished, performing preliminary inspection by knocking, performing fine inspection on the anti-collision pier with difference in knocking sound by using ultrasonic waves, detecting the pier with the incompact slurry, and filling slurry into the pier with high consistency and low cement ratio by using a small pump through an exhaust hole, or re-erecting a new pier;
8) When the high-strength support is normally used, the inner high-strength slurry and the pier column shells are combined to form a high-strength support; when the rock burst comes, huge pressure exceeds the rated bearing value of the pier column, the yielding small column in the upper section column is compressed and deformed, the pier column realizes constant resistance deformation, and the stability of a roadway is ensured.
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| CN113738409B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-06-24 | 东北大学 | Active support type yielding bearing support column and use method thereof |
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| CN106285738B (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-10-16 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of " steel reinforced concrete-hydraulic pressure " roadside support device and method for protecting support for deep tunnel |
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