CN112680578A - Heat treatment preparation method of FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density - Google Patents
Heat treatment preparation method of FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment preparation method of a high-permeability high-saturation-density FeCo soft magnetic alloy, belonging to the technical field of heat treatment of soft magnetic alloy materials. The invention solves the problem of low magnetic conductivity of the existing iron-cobalt soft magnetic alloy. The heat treatment method comprises the following steps: firstly, placing the alloy into a furnace, selecting inert gas (argon or nitrogen) for gas washing, and then introducing reducing gas; secondly, carrying out three-stage heating at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min; thirdly, after the temperature is raised to the target temperature, the heat preservation temperature is 800-900 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 60-360 min; and fourthly, finally, when the temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, taking the sample out of the furnace. The invention greatly improves the magnetic conductivity of the alloy by controlling the heat treatment temperature, the temperature rise and fall speed and the atmosphere, and solves the problem of low magnetic conductivity of the existing iron-cobalt soft magnetic alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heat treatment preparation method of a high-permeability high-saturation-density FeCo soft magnetic alloy, belonging to the technical field of heat treatment of soft magnetic alloy materials.
Background
The iron-cobalt soft magnetic alloy has the characteristics of high Curie temperature, high saturation magnetic induction intensity and low coercive force. However, the alloy has a great distance from engineering application at present, and the iron-cobalt soft magnetic alloy has low magnetic conductivity, which is a main problem encountered in current research. Because the mechanical property and the magnetic property of the iron-cobalt soft magnetic alloy are related to the heat treatment process of the alloy, the heat treatment method which is tender and can improve the high magnetic conductivity and the high saturation density of the FeCo soft magnetic alloy is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density and a heat treatment method thereof, which solve the problem of low magnetic permeability of the existing iron-cobalt soft magnetic alloy.
A heat treatment preparation method of a FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density comprises the following steps:
step 1, putting FeCo soft magnetic alloy to be treated into a heat treatment furnace, washing gas by using inert gas, introducing reducing gas, carrying out three-stage heating to a target temperature at a heating speed of 5-10 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 60-360min after the target temperature is reached;
and 2, reducing the temperature to room temperature at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min to complete the preparation of the FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density.
Further, in the step 1, the FeCo soft magnetic alloy to be treated consists of 40-60% of Fe, 40-60% of Co, 0.5-3% of V, 0-3% of Ni, 0-0.2% of Si and 0-0.2% of Mn in percentage by mass.
Further, the FeCo soft magnetic alloy to be treated is a bar or plate in a hot forging state or a strip in a rolling state.
Further, the inert gas in the step 1 is high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen.
Further, in the step 1, the reducing gas is a mixed gas of argon and hydrogen, and the volume fraction of hydrogen in the mixed gas is 3-10%.
Further, the three-stage temperature rise in step 2 is: firstly heating to 500 ℃ at a heating speed of 5-10 ℃/min, then heating to 700-800 ℃ at a heating speed of 5-10 ℃/min, and then heating to the target temperature of 800-900 ℃ at a heating speed of 5-10 ℃/min.
Further, the three-stage temperature rise in step 2 is specifically: firstly heating to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, then heating to 750 ℃ at a heating rate of 7.8 ℃/min, and then heating to a target temperature of 850 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min.
Further, the three-stage temperature rise in step 2 is specifically: firstly heating to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, then heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 7.5 ℃/min, and then heating to 900 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min.
Further, the three-stage temperature rise in step 2 is specifically: firstly heating to 500 ℃ at a heating speed of 10 ℃/min, then heating to 700 ℃ at a heating speed of 8 ℃/min, and then heating to 800 ℃ at a heating speed of 5 ℃/min.
Further, the FeCo soft magnetic alloy after heat treatment has initial magnetic permeability mui1867-1997, maximum permeability μm27910, magnetic induction B100002.246-2.305T, saturation magnetization MS2.40-2.44T, remanence Br1.247-1.569T, coercive force HcIs 18.8-21.83A/m.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the method obtains the FeCoV-Ni alloy by selecting elements and matching the content of specific elements, stabilizes the disordered gamma phase of the high-temperature area of the alloy by adding the V element, expands the gamma phase area and the gamma + alpha phase area to the low-temperature area, and controls the ordering speed of the iron-cobalt alloy so as to improve the processability of the alloy; and the magnetic permeability of the alloy is improved by adding elements such as Ni. And controlling the heat treatment temperature and the heating and reducing speed in a three-stage heating mode, so that the alloy obtains high magnetic conductivity and high saturation density, and simultaneously optimizing the heat treatment process, reducing the process flow and reducing the energy loss.
Detailed Description
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, methods and apparatus used, unless otherwise specified, are conventional in the art and are commercially available to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
the FeCo magnetically soft alloy to be treated in the embodiment comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: fe: 48.3 percent; co: 48.3 percent; v: 1.0 percent; ni: 2.0 percent; si: 0.2 percent; mn: 0.2 percent.
In this embodiment, the heat treatment is performed on the FeCo soft magnetic alloy, and the specific steps are as follows:
firstly, placing the alloy into a furnace, washing with inert gas high-purity argon, and then introducing reducing gas, wherein the reducing gas is a mixed gas of argon and hydrogen, and the volume fraction of the hydrogen in the mixed gas is 5%.
Secondly, heating to 500 ℃ at a heating speed of 10 ℃/min, then heating to 750 ℃ at a heating speed of 7.8 ℃/min, and then heating to a target temperature of 850 ℃ at a heating speed of 5 ℃/min.
Thirdly, keeping the temperature for 180min after the target temperature is reached to 850 ℃;
and fourthly, finally, when the temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, taking the sample out of the furnace.
The magnetic properties of the FeCo soft magnetic alloy after heat treatment of this example are shown in Table 1 below, the initial permeability μi1997, maximum permeability μm27910, magnetic induction B10000Is 2.287T, saturation magnetization MSIs 2.44T, remanence BrIs 1.569T, coercive force HcWas 18.8A/m.
Table 1 example 1 magnetic properties
| μi | μm | B10000(T) | MS(T) | Br(T) | Hc(A/m) |
| 1997 | 27910 | 2.287 | 2.44 | 1.569 | 18.8 |
Example 2:
the chemical composition of the FeCo soft magnetic alloy to be treated in the embodiment is the same as that in the embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, the heat treatment is performed on the FeCo soft magnetic alloy, and the specific steps are as follows:
firstly, placing the alloy into a furnace, washing with inert gas high-purity argon, and then introducing reducing gas, wherein the reducing gas is a mixed gas of argon and hydrogen, and the volume fraction of the hydrogen in the mixed gas is 5%.
Secondly, heating to 500 ℃ at a heating speed of 10 ℃/min, then heating to 800 ℃ at a heating speed of 7.5 ℃/min, and then heating to 900 ℃ at a heating speed of 5 ℃/min.
Thirdly, keeping the temperature for 180min after the target temperature is reached to 900 ℃;
and fourthly, finally, when the temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, taking the sample out of the furnace.
The magnetic properties of the FeCo soft magnetic alloy after heat treatment of this example are shown in Table 2 below, the initial permeability μi1867, maximum magnetic permeability μm19710, magnetic induction B10000Is 2.246T, saturation magnetization MSIs 2.40T, remanence BrIs 1.247T, coercive force HcIt was 19.57A/m.
Table 2 example 2 magnetic properties
| μi | μm | B10000(T) | MS(T) | Br(T) | Hc(A/m) |
| 1867 | 19710 | 2.246 | 2.40 | 1.247 | 19.57 |
Example 3:
the chemical composition of the FeCo soft magnetic alloy to be treated in the embodiment is the same as that in the embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, the heat treatment is performed on the FeCo soft magnetic alloy, and the specific steps are as follows:
firstly, placing the alloy into a furnace, washing with inert gas high-purity argon, and then introducing reducing gas, wherein the reducing gas is a mixed gas of argon and hydrogen, and the volume fraction of the hydrogen in the mixed gas is 5%.
Secondly, heating to 500 ℃ at a heating speed of 10 ℃/min, then heating to 700 ℃ at a heating speed of 8 ℃/min, and then heating to 800 ℃ at a heating speed of 5 ℃/min;
thirdly, keeping the temperature for 180min after the target temperature is reached to 800 ℃;
fourthly, finally, cooling to room temperature at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, and taking out the sample from the furnace;
fifthly, putting the sample into a furnace, washing the sample with inert gas high-purity argon, introducing reducing gas, wherein the reducing gas is a mixed gas of argon and hydrogen, the volume fraction of the hydrogen in the mixed gas is 5%, heating the mixed gas to 500 ℃ at a heating speed of 10 ℃/min, heating the mixed gas to 750 ℃ at a heating speed of 7.8 ℃/min, and heating the heated mixed gas to a target temperature of 850 ℃ at a heating speed of 5 ℃/min; and (4) keeping the temperature for 360min after the target temperature is reached to 850 ℃, taking out the sample from the furnace after the sample is cooled to the room temperature along with the furnace, and finishing the heat treatment.
The magnetic properties of the FeCo soft magnetic alloy after heat treatment of this example are shown in Table 3 below, the initial permeability μi1867, maximum magnetic permeability μm19710, magnetic induction B10000Is 2.246T, saturation magnetization MSIs 2.40T, remanence BrIs 1.247T, coercive force HcIt was 19.57A/m.
Table 3 example 3 magnetic properties
| μi | μm | B10000(T) | MS(T) | Br(T) | Hc(A/m) |
| 1867 | 26160 | 2.305 | 2.42 | 1.415 | 21.83 |
Claims (10)
1. A heat treatment preparation method of a FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, putting FeCo soft magnetic alloy to be treated into a heat treatment furnace, washing gas by using inert gas, introducing reducing gas, carrying out three-stage heating to a target temperature at a heating speed of 5-10 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 60-360min after the target temperature is reached;
and 2, reducing the temperature to room temperature at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min to complete the preparation of the FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density.
2. The heat treatment preparation method of a FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density as claimed in claim 1, wherein the FeCo soft magnetic alloy to be treated in the step 1 is composed of 40-60% of Fe, 40-60% of Co, 0.5-3% of V, 0-3% of Ni, 0-0.2% of Si and 0-0.2% of Mn by mass percentage.
3. The heat treatment preparation method of a FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high permeability and high saturation density according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the FeCo soft magnetic alloy to be treated is a bar or a plate in a hot forging state or a strip in a rolling state.
4. The method for preparing FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density according to claim 1, wherein the inert gas in step 1 is high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen.
5. The heat treatment preparation method of a FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reducing gas in step 1 is a mixture of argon and hydrogen, and the volume fraction of hydrogen in the mixture is 3-10%.
6. The heat treatment preparation method of a FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density according to claim 1, wherein the three-stage temperature rise in the step 2 is as follows: firstly heating to 500 ℃ at a heating speed of 5-10 ℃/min, then heating to 700-800 ℃ at a heating speed of 5-10 ℃/min, and then heating to the target temperature of 800-900 ℃ at a heating speed of 5-10 ℃/min.
7. The heat treatment preparation method of the FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density according to claim 6, wherein the three-stage temperature rise in the step 2 is specifically: firstly heating to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, then heating to 750 ℃ at a heating rate of 7.8 ℃/min, and then heating to a target temperature of 850 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min.
8. The heat treatment preparation method of the FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density according to claim 6, wherein the three-stage temperature rise in the step 2 is specifically: firstly heating to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, then heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 7.5 ℃/min, and then heating to 900 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min.
9. The heat treatment preparation method of the FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density according to claim 6, wherein the three-stage temperature rise in the step 2 is specifically: firstly heating to 500 ℃ at a heating speed of 10 ℃/min, then heating to 700 ℃ at a heating speed of 8 ℃/min, and then heating to 800 ℃ at a heating speed of 5 ℃/min.
10. The method for preparing FeCo soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic permeability and high saturation density through heat treatment according to claim 1, wherein the FeCo soft magnetic alloy after heat treatment has initial magnetic permeability mui1867-1997, maximum permeability μm27910, magnetic induction B100002.246-2.305T, saturation magnetization MS2.40-2.44T, remanence Br1.247-1.569T, coercive force HcIs 18.8-21.83A/m.
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