CN112679924A - PHA (polyhydroxyalkanoate) disposable snack box capable of being rapidly degraded and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
PHA (polyhydroxyalkanoate) disposable snack box capable of being rapidly degraded and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 235000011888 snacks Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000005014 poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Substances 0.000 title description 75
- 229920000903 polyhydroxyalkanoate Polymers 0.000 title description 75
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol group Chemical group OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 208000034530 PLAA-associated neurodevelopmental disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000229 biodegradable polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004622 biodegradable polyester Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008380 degradant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000028023 exocytosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012567 medical material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a PHA disposable snack box capable of being rapidly degraded and a preparation method thereof, wherein the PHA disposable snack box is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of PHA, 20-25 parts of PLA, 20-25 parts of sugarcane fiber, 5-10 parts of glucose and 5-10 parts of plasticizer. After PLA and sugarcane fibers are added into the material, the rigidity of the material is increased, the difficulty of molding is reduced, and the degradation rate of the lunch box in soil can be obviously improved by adding glucose. The invention has the advantages of simple and easily obtained materials and obviously reduced cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lunch box preparation, in particular to a PHA disposable snack box capable of being rapidly degraded and a preparation method thereof.
Background
PHA, polyhydroxyalkanoate, a kind of biodegradable polyester which can be synthesized in many microorganisms, is a natural high molecular material, and has excellent biocompatibility and degradability. In recent years, with the increasing awareness of environmental protection in various countries, the application fields of degradable materials such as PHA and the like are widened, and the preparation of PHA biomaterials and modified materials thereof becomes a research hotspot of researchers. Because of the excellent properties of PHA, PHA fiber can be used in the fields of medical materials, packaging materials, film materials, etc., and the application range is gradually expanded.
PHA can be degraded in soil by many bacterial and fungal exocytosis enzymes into oligomers and monomers, which are then used as a source of carbon and nitrogen sources. The PHA material is similar to other degradants, and the degradation process in soil comprises three processes of light degradation, biological degradation and chemical degradation, and the processes have mutual enhancement synergy and coherence. Besides the degradation speed is related to the structure of the polymer, the degradation speed is also related to factors such as light, temperature, humidity and the like of environmental conditions, and in addition, the soil type and the microbial community are closely related.
However, since PHA is soft in texture, some brittle fillers such as PLA, etc. need to be added to increase its rigidity during the preparation of disposable lunch boxes to reduce the difficulty of molding. But increasing the fill correspondingly decreases its rate of degradation in the soil. Therefore, the present invention prepares a PHA disposable meal box which can be rapidly degraded to solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide the PHA disposable snack box which can be quickly degraded in soil, has good rigidity and is easy to form and can be quickly degraded.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the disposable snack box.
On the basis of preparing the PHA disposable lunch box, the sugarcane fibers and the PLA are added as the filling agent to increase the rigidity of the PHA disposable lunch box so as to improve the difficulty of molding, and the glucose is added as the additive to improve the degradation rate of the PHA disposable lunch box in soil and reduce the burden on the soil. The formula is as follows:
a PHA disposable snack box capable of being rapidly degraded is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
preferably, the PHA disposable snack box capable of being rapidly degraded is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
preferably, the plasticizer is glycerol.
The preparation method of the PHA disposable snack box capable of being rapidly degraded comprises the following steps:
a) blending: heating, stirring and blending the PHA and the PLA, adding the sugarcane fibers and the plasticizer into the PHA/PLA blend, and continuing stirring to fully mix the PHA/PLA/fiber blend, wherein the stirring speed is 600-1000 rpm; when the temperature is reduced to 120-;
b) injection molding: after stirring is finished, conveying the blend to a hot press, wherein the temperature of the hot press is 150-; and (4) dehydrating and forming, transferring the formed tableware blank into a thermosetting forming die, and dehydrating, drying, curing and forming by adopting an overheated heat conduction oil die heating device.
The temperature for heating, stirring and blending in the step a) is preferably 200 ℃. Under the temperature condition, the blend can be in an optimal state, the blend is too soft and is not easy to form at an excessively high temperature, and the material can be coagulated at an excessively low temperature;
preferably, the PHA/PLA/fiber blend is fully mixed for 2-3 hours by continuing stirring in the step a) of the method for preparing the rapidly degradable PHA disposable snack box.
Preferably, the heating stirring blending speed in the step a) of the preparation method of the rapidly degradable PHA disposable snack box is 400-500rpm, and the stirring time is 30-40 min. The blend can be fully mixed under the condition of the rotating speed, and the subsequent injection molding is not influenced by the excessive temperature.
Preferably, the shape, toughness and other properties of the product are ensured by vacuum adsorption dehydration molding in the step b) of the preparation method of the rapidly degradable PHA disposable snack box.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. PLA, plasticizer and sugarcane fiber are used as fillers and added into PHA, so that the difficulty of molding PHA lunch boxes can be effectively reduced;
2. the sugarcane fibers are used as the filler, so that the manufacturing cost of the PHA lunch box can be effectively reduced, and waste is turned into wealth;
3. glucose is used as an additive to the surface of the PHA lunch box, and because glucose is a direct carbon source of most microorganisms, microorganisms can quickly proliferate on the surface of the lunch box to improve the degradation rate of the lunch box in soil when the PHA lunch box is in soil.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples: wherein PHA is purchased from plastic and plastic raw materials Co., Ltd, of Dongguan city, PLA is purchased from Zhejiang sea biological materials Co., Ltd, and sugarcane fiber is purchased from Guangxi Jiefeng biological technology Co., Ltd.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the formula is as follows:
1. blending of PHA lunch boxes
40 parts by weight of PHA and 20 parts by weight of PLA were heated and blended at 200 ℃ with a stirring speed of 500rpm for 30 min. After stirring, 25 parts by weight of sugarcane fibers and 10 parts by weight of plasticizer glycerol are added into the PHA/PLA blend, and stirring is continued for 2 hours, so that the PHA/PLA/fiber blend is fully mixed, and the stirring speed is 600 rpm. When the temperature was lowered to 130 ℃, 5 parts by weight of glucose was immediately added and stirred at 600rpm for 1 hour.
2. PHA cutlery box injection molding
After stirring, conveying the blend to a hot press, wherein the temperature of the hot press is 150 ℃; then dehydrating and forming by vacuum adsorption; and transferring the formed tableware blank into a thermosetting forming die. And an overheated heat conduction oil mold heating device is adopted for dehydration, drying, solidification and shaping, so that the properties of the product such as shape, toughness and the like are ensured.
3. Degradation experiment of PHA meal box
Taking 40 parts by weight of naturally air-dried field soil, adding 10 parts by weight of sterile water, and uniformly mixing. Half of the soil is taken to be paved at the bottom of a culture dish, then 2cm multiplied by 2cm PHA meal boxes prepared according to the method are taken to be dried in an oven at 60 ℃ to constant weight, the weight is weighed as m0, the PHA meal boxes are paved in the middle of the soil, the rest half of the soil is uniformly paved on the PHA meal boxes to ensure that the PHA meal boxes are completely covered, the cover of the culture dish is covered, and the preservative film is used for ensuring that the water is not evaporated. And then placing the meal box in an environment with the temperature of 30 ℃ for constant-temperature dark culture for 40d, taking out the meal box after the experiment is finished, drying the meal box in an oven with the temperature of 60 ℃ until the weight is constant, weighing the weight as m1, and calculating the degradation rate. Three replicates were set for each sample and averaged.
Example two:
the formula is as follows:
1. blending of PHA lunch boxes
45 parts by weight of PHA and 20 parts by weight of PLA were heated and blended at 200 ℃ with a stirring speed of 500rpm for 40 min. After stirring, 25 parts by weight of sugarcane fibers and 5 parts by weight of plasticizer glycerol are added into the PHA/PLA blend, and stirring is continued for 3 hours, so that the PHA/PLA/fiber blend is fully mixed, and the stirring speed is 800 rpm. When the temperature was lowered to 140 ℃, 5 parts by weight of glucose was immediately added and stirred at 800rpm for 2 hours.
2. PHA lunch box injection molding
After stirring, conveying the blend to a hot press, wherein the temperature of the hot press is 160 ℃; then dehydrating and forming by vacuum adsorption; and transferring the formed tableware blank into a thermosetting forming die. And an overheated heat conduction oil mold heating device is adopted for dehydration, drying, solidification and shaping, so that the properties of the product such as shape, toughness and the like are ensured.
3. Degradation experiment of PHA meal box
50 parts by weight of naturally air-dried field soil is taken, 8 parts by weight of sterile water is added and uniformly mixed. Half of the soil is taken to be paved at the bottom of a culture dish, then 2cm multiplied by 2cm PHA meal boxes prepared according to the method are taken to be dried in an oven at 60 ℃ to constant weight, the weight is weighed as m0, the PHA meal boxes are paved in the middle of the soil, the rest half of the soil is uniformly paved on the PHA meal boxes to ensure that the PHA meal boxes are completely covered, the cover of the culture dish is covered, and the preservative film is used for ensuring that the water is not evaporated. And then placing the meal box in an environment with the temperature of 30 ℃ for constant-temperature dark culture for 40d, taking out the meal box after the experiment is finished, drying the meal box in an oven with the temperature of 60 ℃ until the weight is constant, weighing the weight as m1, and calculating the degradation rate. Three replicates were set for each sample and averaged.
Example three:
the formula is as follows:
1. blending of PHA lunch boxes
45 parts by weight of PHA and 25 parts by weight of PLA were heated and blended at 200 ℃ with a stirring speed of 500rpm for 40 min. After stirring, 20 parts by weight of sugarcane fibers and 5 parts by weight of plasticizer glycerol are added into the PHA/PLA blend, and stirring is continued for 3 hours, so that the PHA/PLA/fiber blend is fully mixed, and the stirring speed is 1000 rpm. When the temperature was lowered to 140 ℃, 5 parts by weight of glucose was immediately added and stirred at 1000rpm for 1-2 hours.
2. PHA lunch box injection molding
After stirring, conveying the blend to a hot press, wherein the temperature of the hot press is 170 ℃; then dehydrating and forming by vacuum adsorption; and transferring the formed tableware blank into a thermosetting forming die. And an overheated heat conduction oil mold heating device is adopted for dehydration, drying, solidification and shaping, so that the properties of the product such as shape, toughness and the like are ensured.
3. Degradation experiment of PHA meal box
60 parts by weight of naturally air-dried field soil is taken, 10 parts by weight of sterile water is added and uniformly mixed. Half of the soil is taken to be paved at the bottom of a culture dish, then 2cm multiplied by 2cm PHA meal boxes prepared according to the method are taken to be dried in a drying oven at 65 ℃ to constant weight, the weight is weighed to be m0, the PHA meal boxes are paved in the middle of the soil, the rest half of the soil is paved on the PHA meal boxes evenly, the PHA meal boxes are ensured to be covered completely, the cover of the culture dish is covered, and the preservative film is used for covering to ensure that the water is not evaporated. And then placing the meal box in an environment with the temperature of 30 ℃ for constant-temperature dark culture for 40d, taking out the meal box after the experiment is finished, drying the meal box in an oven with the temperature of 65 ℃ until the weight is constant, weighing the weight as m1, and calculating the degradation rate. Three replicates were set for each sample and averaged.
Comparative example 1: PHA/PLA/fiber disposable cutlery boxes (no glucose added, the remaining steps and conditions were as in inventive example 2);
comparative example 2: pure PHA (without any additives, the remaining steps and conditions were the same as in inventive example 2);
the product of embodiment 1 of the invention: the PHA lunch box prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
The product of embodiment 2 of the invention: the PHA lunch box prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
The product of embodiment 3 of the invention: the PHA lunch box prepared in example 3 of the present invention.
The test method in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: tensile strength at break, Young's modulus and tensile elongation at break were measured according to GB/T1040.3. Wherein the test speed of the tensile strength and the tensile elongation is 50 mm/min; the test speed of Young modulus is 1mm/min, and the test results are averaged for 5 times.
The degradation rate calculation formula is as follows: (m0-m1)/m0 x 100
m 0: PHA meal box mass (g) prior to degradation;
m 1: mass after degradation (g);
TABLE 1 Performance test Table
| Young's modulus (MPa) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Elongation at Break (%) | 40d degradation (%) | |
| Comparative example 1 | 1543.4 | 28.6 | 15.1 | 78.3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 487.2 | 67.3 | 506.3 | 81.2 |
| Inventive example 1 | 1571.3 | 26.3 | 18.3 | 99.9 |
| Inventive example 2 | 1572.2 | 28.4 | 18.2 | 99.8 |
| Inventive example 3 | 1568.7 | 28.9 | 17.9 | 100.0 |
The results show that the PHA lunch box 40d prepared by the invention can be completely degraded, and pure PHA has insufficient Young modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break, which indicates that pure PHA has large flexibility and is insufficient for preparing disposable lunch boxes. According to the invention, after PLA and sugarcane fibers are added into the material, the rigidity is increased, and the difficulty of molding is reduced. After the glucose is added, the degradation rate of the lunch box in the soil can be obviously improved. Therefore, the preparation method can prepare the disposable PHA lunch box with the best degradation performance.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (8)
1. A PHA disposable snack box capable of being rapidly degraded is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
2. the rapidly degradable PHA disposable snack box of claim 1 wherein said PHA disposable snack box is made from the following components in parts by weight:
3. the rapidly degradable PHA disposable snack box of claim 1 or 2 wherein said plasticizer is glycerol.
4. A method for preparing PHA disposable fast degradable snack box as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which comprises the following steps:
a) blending: heating, stirring and blending the PHA and the PLA, adding the sugarcane fibers and the plasticizer into the PHA/PLA blend, and continuing stirring to fully mix the PHA/PLA/fiber blend, wherein the stirring speed is 600-1000 rpm; when the temperature is reduced to 120-;
b) injection molding: after stirring is finished, conveying the blend to a hot press, wherein the temperature of the hot press is 150-; and (4) dehydrating and forming, transferring the formed tableware blank into a thermosetting forming die, and dehydrating, drying, curing and forming by adopting an overheated heat conduction oil die heating device.
5. The method for preparing PHA disposable snack boxes capable of being rapidly degraded according to claim 4, wherein the temperature for heating, stirring and blending in step a) is 200 ℃.
6. The method for preparing PHA disposable snack boxes capable of being rapidly degraded according to claim 4, wherein the stirring in step a) is continued for 2-3h to fully mix the PHA/PLA/fiber blend.
7. The method as set forth in claim 4, wherein the blending speed of heating and stirring in step a) is 400-500rpm, and the stirring time is 30-40 min.
8. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step b) is performed by vacuum-assisted dehydration.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011475506.XA CN112679924A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | PHA (polyhydroxyalkanoate) disposable snack box capable of being rapidly degraded and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202011475506.XA CN112679924A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | PHA (polyhydroxyalkanoate) disposable snack box capable of being rapidly degraded and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114933791A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-08-23 | 深圳市赛卓塑业有限公司 | Environment-friendly degradable snack box material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103122131A (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2013-05-29 | 北京工商大学 | Fully-degradable biomass composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106947117A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-07-14 | 淄博成达塑化有限公司 | Fiber reinforcement starch foaming tableware of complete biodegradable and preparation method thereof |
| US20180273746A1 (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-27 | The United State Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | High heat deflection temperature polylactic acids with tunable flexibility and toughness |
| CN108587087A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2018-09-28 | 浙江金晟环保股份有限公司 | A kind of degradable poly lactic acid composite and preparation method thereof for environment protecting tableware |
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- 2020-12-15 CN CN202011475506.XA patent/CN112679924A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103122131A (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2013-05-29 | 北京工商大学 | Fully-degradable biomass composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106947117A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-07-14 | 淄博成达塑化有限公司 | Fiber reinforcement starch foaming tableware of complete biodegradable and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114933791A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-08-23 | 深圳市赛卓塑业有限公司 | Environment-friendly degradable snack box material and preparation method thereof |
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