CN112677586B - Heatable light-adjusting glass and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heatable light-adjusting glass and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112677586B CN112677586B CN202011595886.0A CN202011595886A CN112677586B CN 112677586 B CN112677586 B CN 112677586B CN 202011595886 A CN202011595886 A CN 202011595886A CN 112677586 B CN112677586 B CN 112677586B
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Abstract
The invention provides heatable dimming glass and a preparation method thereof. The dimming element and the heating element are arranged between the first glass plate and the second glass plate; the heating element is connected with the dimming element in parallel, the heating element comprises a heating film, a first bus bar and a second bus bar, and the first bus bar and the second bus bar are arranged along two opposite sides of the heating film and are electrically connected with the heating film; the heatable light control glass has a temperature coefficient m, m is within the range of 0.000625 m 0.0025, m is Rs H2/U2Rs is the surface resistance of the heating film, H is the first bus barAnd the distance between the second bus bar and the U is the working voltage of the dimming element. The heatable light modulation glass and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention solve the problem of low matching degree of the heating element and the light modulation element, and improve the reliability of the heating element and the light modulation element.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of light-adjustable glass, in particular to heatable light-adjustable glass and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The dimming glass has a visible light adjusting function and is widely applied in daily life. Along with the improvement of life quality of people, the requirement of people on the light adjusting glass is higher and higher, and the light adjusting performance of the light adjusting element becomes the judgment standard of the quality of the light adjusting glass.
The normal working temperature of the existing dimming glass is-20-70 ℃, when the ambient temperature is lower than-20 ℃, the dimming element cannot work normally, the dimming performance of the dimming glass is reduced, even the situation of abnormal dimming occurs, and the overall dimming performance and the user experience of the dimming glass are influenced. In the prior art, a heating element is generally added in dimming glass, and the dimming glass is heated when the ambient temperature is lower than-20 ℃ so as to improve the working ambient temperature of the dimming element. However, due to the problem of improper selection of the heating element, overheating phenomenon occurs due to too high heating power of the heating element, or heating response phenomenon occurs due to too low heating power of the heating element.
Further, a light control glass for an automobile is generally disposed on a roof glass, has a large area, and does not have a sunshade device. When the temperature in a cold area is-20-0 ℃, ice and snow can cover the surface of the skylight glass, the view of the roof of a vehicle is suppressed and uncomfortable, and although the dimming element can still work, the ice and snow on the surface of the glass cannot be removed, so that the view is limited. At 0~70 ℃ air temperature, the surface of skylight glass also often appears the fog, and the unable defogging of dimming glass of dimming function only can cause the field of vision to be restricted, influences the user and experiences dimming glass's use. Consequently need increase design heating function on dimming glass, heating power will be moderate just can guarantee the high-efficient of ice and snow fog to be got rid of, guarantees when the defogging heating, and glass temperature can not be too high, and whether the person causes glass to break and use risks such as comfort reduction easily.
In the process of preparing the heating element on the dimming glass, the matching degree of the heating element and the dimming element is not high, the heating element is easy to heat and overheat or the heating response time is too long, the dimming response time of the dimming element is seriously influenced, and meanwhile, the heating element is used as skylight glass, and the response of the heating function influences the experience of a user. The heating element and the dimming film in the existing dimming glass need direct current and alternating current to be supplied with power separately, the direct current comes from a storage battery, the alternating current needs an additional DC/AC controller to be provided, the circuit is complex, the reliability of a product is reduced, the process is complex, and the production cost is high.
Based on this, how to reasonably match the heating element with the dimming element, how to simplify the structure of the dimming glass, and how to reduce the production cost of the dimming glass become technical problems to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides the heatable dimming glass with the heating element reasonably matched with the dimming element, and the heatable dimming glass has the characteristics of simple structure, low production cost, reasonable response time of a heating film, reliable heating performance and dimming performance and the like.
In one aspect, a heatable light control glass provided in the embodiments of the present application includes:
a first glass plate and a second glass plate;
the light adjusting element is arranged between the first glass plate and the second glass plate;
the heating element is arranged between the first glass plate and the dimming element or between the second glass plate and the dimming element;
the heating element is connected with the dimming element in parallel, the heating element comprises a heating film, a first bus bar and a second bus bar, and the first bus bar and the second bus bar are arranged along two opposite sides of the heating film and are electrically connected with the heating film;
the heatable light modulation glass has a temperature coefficient m, the range of m is 0.000625 and is less than or equal to 0.0025, m = Rs is H2/U2, Rs is the surface resistance of the heating film, H is the distance between the first bus bar and the second bus bar, and U is the working voltage of the light modulation element.
In one possible embodiment, the temperature coefficient m ranges from [0.0008, 0.0025] when the ambient temperature is (0, 70] ° c, [0.000725, 0.00185] when the ambient temperature is (-20, 0] ° c, and [0.000625, 0.00196] when the ambient temperature is [ -60, -20] ° c.
In one possible embodiment, the light control element includes a light control film, a first light control electrode, and a second light control electrode, the light control film includes a first resin layer, a first transparent conductive layer, a light control layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and a second resin layer which are sequentially stacked, the first light control electrode is electrically connected to the first transparent conductive layer, and the second light control electrode is electrically connected to the second transparent conductive layer; the heatable light modulation glass further comprises an electric connecting piece, one end of the electric connecting piece is electrically connected with the first bus bar, and the other end of the electric connecting piece is electrically connected with the first light modulation electrode.
In one possible embodiment, at least one of the first transparent conductive layer, the second transparent conductive layer, and the heating film includes a metal layer, a metal alloy layer, or a metal oxide layer.
In one possible embodiment, the first and second dimming electrodes are disposed along opposite sides of the dimming film, the first dimming electrode being parallel to the first bus bar and the second dimming electrode being parallel to the second bus bar.
In one possible embodiment, the first bus bar is parallel to the second bus bar, and the first dimming electrode is parallel to the second dimming electrode.
In one possible embodiment, the first bus bar is not parallel to the second bus bar, and the first dimming electrode is parallel to the second dimming electrode.
In one possible embodiment, the heatable light control glass further comprises a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer, the first adhesive layer being disposed between the first glass plate and the light control element; the second bonding layer is arranged between the second glass plate and the light modulation element.
In a possible implementation manner, the light adjusting element further comprises an edge sealing bonding layer, the edge sealing bonding layer is in a hollow plate shape, and the light adjusting film is arranged in a hollow area of the edge sealing bonding layer; and one part of the electric connecting piece penetrates through the first bonding layer or the second bonding layer to be electrically connected with the first bus bar, and the other part of the electric connecting piece penetrates through the edge sealing bonding layer to be electrically connected with the first dimming electrode.
In one possible embodiment, at least one of the first glass sheet, the first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer, and the second glass sheet is body tinted.
In another aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a heatable light control glass, including:
determining the overall shape and size of the heatable light control glass;
determining the working voltage U at two ends of the dimming element;
determining the spatial layout of the first bus bar and the second bus bar and the distance H between the first bus bar and the second bus bar;
determining the range m of the temperature coefficient of the heatable dimming glass according to the heating scene, wherein the range of m is more than or equal to 0.000625 and less than or equal to 0.0025;
determining a selectable range of sheet resistance Rs of the heating element from Rs = m × U2/H2;
the choice of heating element is determined by the selectable range of sheet resistance of the heating element.
In one possible embodiment, determining the spatial layout of the first and second bus bars and the distance between the first and second bus bars comprises:
when the first bus bar and the second bus bar are parallel to each other,
determining a distance according to a distance between the first bus bar and the second bus bar;
when the first bus bar and the second bus bar are not parallel to each other,
determining the maximum value of the distance according to the maximum distance between the first bus bar and the second bus bar; the minimum value of the distance is determined according to the minimum distance between the first bus bar and the second bus bar.
In one possible embodiment, determining the selectable range of the sheet resistance of the heating element according to the operating voltage across the dimming element, the distance between the first bus bar and the second bus bar, and the range of the temperature coefficient includes:
when the first bus bar and the second bus bar are parallel to each other,
determining the minimum value of the surface resistance according to the value obtained by multiplying the minimum temperature coefficient by the ratio of the square value of the working voltage of the dimming element to the square value of the distance;
determining the maximum value of the surface resistance according to the value obtained by multiplying the maximum temperature coefficient by the ratio of the square value of the working voltage of the dimming element to the square value of the distance;
when the first bus bar and the second bus bar are not parallel to each other,
determining the minimum value of the surface resistance according to the value obtained by multiplying the minimum temperature coefficient by the ratio of the square value of the working voltage of the dimming element to the square value of the minimum distance;
determining the maximum value of the surface resistance according to the value obtained by multiplying the maximum temperature coefficient by the ratio of the square value of the working voltage of the dimming element to the square value of the maximum distance;
the selectable range of the sheet resistance is determined by the minimum value of the sheet resistance and the maximum value of the sheet resistance.
In one possible embodiment, when the minimum value of the area resistance is greater than the maximum value of the area resistance, the distance between the first bus bar and the second bus bar is adjusted such that the minimum value of the area resistance is less than the maximum value of the area resistance.
In one possible embodiment, the temperature coefficient is in the range of 0.000625 ≦ m ≦ 0.0025, in the range of [0.0008, 0.0025] when the ambient temperature is (0, 70] ° C, in the range of [0.000725, 0.00185] when the ambient temperature is (-20, 0] ° C, and in the range of [0.000625, 0.00196] when the ambient temperature is [ -60, -20] ° C.
The heating element is connected with the dimming element in parallel, so that the lead-out line of the heatable dimming glass and the power supply device are simpler and more reliable, and the space and the cost required by assembly are saved. By determining the overall shape and size of the heatable light control glass, determining the working voltage across the light control element, determining the distance between the first bus bar and the second bus bar and determining the range of the temperature coefficient, determining the selectable range of the surface resistance of the heating film according to the working voltage at two ends of the dimming element, the distance between the first bus bar and the second bus bar and the range of the temperature coefficient, the main parameters of the heating film are determined according to the selectable range of the surface resistance of the heating film, so that the heating power of the heating film capable of heating the dimming glass is moderate, the heating film can rapidly provide proper temperature for the light adjusting film, the situation that the heat production is too high due to too high heating power and the response time is too long due to too low heating power of the heating film can not occur, and then make the dimming function of membrane of adjusting luminance more accurate, improved heatable dimming glass's overall performance and result of use.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is a top view of a first heatable privacy glass provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first cross-sectional view taken along the ZOY plane of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the dimming element provided in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the heating element provided in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a second cross-sectional view taken along the ZOY plane of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a first heatable privacy glass according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a second heatable privacy glass provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a top view of a second heatable privacy glass provided by embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 9 illustrates a method for manufacturing a heatable privacy glass according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a method of making the first heatable privacy glass provided in fig. 9;
fig. 11 is a method of making the second heatable privacy glass provided in fig. 9.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a top view of a first heatable light control glass according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a first cross-sectional view along a zo plane of fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 1, the heatable privacy glass 100 provided by the present invention may be used as an automobile glass, a decorative glass, etc., and an automobile sunroof is taken as an example in the embodiment of the present invention. The orthographic projection of the heatable switchable glass border 1 completely covers the heating film border 4, the orthographic projection of the heating film border 4 completely covers the switchable film border 3, and the orthographic projection of the switchable film border 3 completely covers the black stamp border 6.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the dimming device provided in fig. 2, and fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the heating device provided in fig. 2. In the first embodiment, the heatable light control glass 100 includes a first glass plate 11, a heating element 40, a first adhesive layer 21, a light control element 30, a second adhesive layer 22, and a second glass plate 12, which are laminated in this order. The first adhesive layer 21 is used for bonding the heating element 40 and the dimming element 30, and the second adhesive layer 22 is used for bonding the dimming element 30 and the second glass plate 12.
Referring to FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, FIG. 5 is a second cross-sectional view taken along the ZOY plane of FIG. 1. In the second embodiment, the heating element 40 can also be disposed between the dimming element 30 and the second glass plate 12. The first adhesive layer 21 is used for bonding the first glass plate 11 and the light modulation element 30, and the second adhesive layer 22 is used for bonding the light modulation element 30 and the heating element 40.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in one embodiment, the heating element 40 is connected in parallel with the dimming element 30. Specifically, the heating element 40 includes a first bus bar 41, a second bus bar 42, and a heating film 43. The light control element 30 includes a first light control electrode 31, a second light control electrode 32, and a light control film 33. The first bus bar 41 is electrically connected to the first light control electrode 31, a connection portion between the first bus bar 41 and the first light control electrode 31 is connected to a positive electrode of a power supply via an outgoing line, and the second bus bar 42 and the second light control electrode 32 are connected to a negative electrode of the power supply via an outgoing line.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, in one embodiment, the heatable privacy glass 100 has a temperature coefficient m. The temperature coefficient refers to the rate at which the physical properties of the heatable privacy glass 100 change with temperature. In this embodiment, m is in the range of 0.000625 to 0.0025. Wherein m = Rs H2/U2Rs is the sheet resistance of the heating film 43, H is the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42, and U is the operating voltage of the light control element 30. The operating voltage of the light modulating element 30 is also the voltage between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42.
The heating element 40 is connected in parallel with the dimming element 30, so that the lead-out line of the heatable dimming glass 100 and the power supply device are simpler and more reliable, and the space and the cost required by assembly are saved. By determining the operating voltage across the dimming element 30, determining the distance between the first busbar 41 and said second busbar 42 and determining the range of the temperature coefficient m, the selectable range of the sheet resistance Rs of the heating film 43 is determined according to the operating voltage across the dimming element 30, the distance H between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42, and the range of the temperature coefficient m, the main parameters of the heating film 43 are determined according to the selectable range of the sheet resistance Rs of the heating film 43, so that the heating power of the heating film 43 of the heatable light control glass 100 is moderate, the heating film 43 can rapidly provide the proper temperature for the light control element 30, the excessive heat generation caused by the excessive heating power can not occur, the situations of the overlong response time and the insufficient heating caused by the insufficient heating power can not occur, and then the dimming function of the dimming film 33 is more accurate, and the overall performance and the use effect of the heatable dimming glass 100 are improved.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, in an embodiment, the heatable light-adjusting glass 100 provided by the present invention can meet the requirement of having a suitable heating power density under different heating scenes, and can ensure that the light-adjusting element 30 can work within a normal working temperature, and can also heat efficiently, and can ensure that the overall temperature of the heatable light-adjusting glass 100 is not too high, preferably, the temperature coefficient m is within a range of 0.000625 m 0.0025, and m = Rs H2/U2. Specifically, when the ambient temperature is (0, 70)]The heating element 40 is preferably used to heat and defog the heatable privacy glass 100 at temperatures m in the range of 0.0008, 0.0025](ii) a When the ambient temperature is (-20, 0)]When the heating element 40 is used for defrosting and removing snow, the temperature coefficient m of the heatable light control glass 100 is preferably in the range of [0.000725, 0.00185]](ii) a When the ambient temperature is [ -60, -20 [ -20]]The heating element 40 is used for heating the ambient temperature of the light modulation element 30 at the temperature of 0 deg.c, so as to enable the light modulation element 30 to work normally, and the temperature coefficient m is preferably in the range of [0.000625, 0.00196]]。
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, in one embodiment, the light adjusting device 30 further includes an edge sealing adhesive layer 34. The light control film 33 includes a first resin layer 331, a first transparent conductive layer 334, a light control layer 333, a second transparent conductive layer 335, and a second resin layer 332, which are stacked in this order. One side of the first resin layer 331 is attached to the first adhesive layer 21, and the other side is attached to the first transparent conductive layer 334; the peripheral side of the first resin layer 331 is attached to the inner side wall of the edge sealing adhesive layer 34. One side of the second resin layer 332 is attached to the second adhesive layer 22, and the other side is attached to the second transparent conductive layer 335; the peripheral side of the second resin layer 332 is attached to the inner sidewall of the edge sealing adhesive layer 34. The first transparent conductive layer 334 and the second transparent conductive layer 335 sandwich the light modulation layer 333, and are electrically connected to the light modulation layer 333.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, at least one of the first transparent conductive layer 334, the second transparent conductive layer 335 and the heating film 43 includes a metal layer, a metal alloy layer or a metal oxide layer. The first transparent conductive layer 334, the second transparent conductive layer 335, and the heating film 43 may include a metal layer, a metal alloy layer, or a metal oxide layer, and the metal layer may be gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), or molybdenum (Mo); the metal alloy layer can be silver alloy, such as silver-copper alloy, silver-indium alloy and the like; the metal oxide layer may be Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), or the like.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, the first light modulation electrode 31 and the second light modulation electrode 32 may be disposed on two opposite sides or two adjacent sides of the light modulation layer 333, and the first light modulation electrode 31 and the second light modulation electrode 32 are both sandwiched between the first transparent conductive layer 334 and the second transparent conductive layer 335, the first light modulation electrode 31 is electrically connected to the first transparent conductive layer 334, and the second light modulation electrode 32 is electrically connected to the second transparent conductive layer 335.
The first light modulation electrode 31 and the second light modulation electrode 32 are respectively used for introducing an external power voltage to the first transparent conductive layer 334 and the second transparent conductive layer 335, and the visible light transmittance of the light modulation layer 333 is adjusted by adjusting the voltage between the first transparent conductive layer 334 and the second transparent conductive layer 335, so that the adjustment of the visible light transmittance by the heatable light modulation glass 100 provided by the invention is realized.
In a specific embodiment, the first light modulation electrode 31 is parallel to the first bus bar 41, the second light modulation electrode 32 is parallel to the second bus bar 42, and the first light modulation electrode 31 and the second light modulation electrode 32 are parallel to each other along two opposite sides of the light modulation layer 333, so that the charge concentration of the first transparent conductive layer 334 and the second transparent conductive layer 335 can be effectively reduced, the voltage stability of the light modulation layer 333 in different regions can be improved, and the overall arrangement of the heating element 40 is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 of the heatable light control glass 100 are parallel to each other, the first light control electrode 31 and the second light control electrode 32 are parallel to each other, and a distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 along the Y axis is H.
The first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 are used for connection with an external power supply to input a power supply current onto the heating film 43 to cause the heating film 43 to generate heat.
In a specific embodiment, the heating film 43 may be deposited directly on the inner surface of the first glass plate 11 by a Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) or Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) method, or may be deposited on the side of the first resin layer 331 adjacent to the first glass plate 11 by a magnetron sputtering deposition process. Also, when the heating film 43 is directly deposited on the inner surface of the first glass plate 11, the heating film 43 can withstand a high-temperature heat treatment of at least 560 ℃, such as a heat treatment process of a bending process such as bake bending or tempering.
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment, the light modulating element 30 further includes an edge sealing adhesive layer 34, the edge sealing adhesive layer 34 is in a hollow plate shape, the edge sealing adhesive layer 34 is sandwiched between the first adhesive layer 21 and the second adhesive layer 22, and the light modulating film 33 is disposed in the hollow area.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, in one embodiment, the heatable privacy glass 100 further includes an electrical connector 50, wherein the electrical connector 50 is partially disposed within the first adhesive layer 21 and partially disposed within the edge banding adhesive layer 34. The electrical connector 50 is used for electrically connecting with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the external power source, and the electrical connector 50 is also used for electrically connecting the heating element 40 and the dimming element 30, so that the heating element 40 and the dimming element 30 are connected in parallel. Specifically, a portion of the electrical connector 50 penetrates through the first adhesive layer 21 to be electrically connected with the first bus bar 41, another portion of the electrical connector 50 penetrates through the edge sealing adhesive layer 34 to be electrically connected with the first dimming electrode 31, and the electrical connector 50 is communicated with an external power supply through a lead wire.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, at least one of the first glass plate 11, the first adhesive layer 21, the second adhesive layer 22, and the second glass plate 12 is body-tinted, having a low visible light transmittance.
In a particular embodiment, at least one of the first glass sheet 11 and the second glass sheet 12 is tinted glass, which may be green glass, gray glass, or the like, and has a visible light transmittance of 87% or less, 81% or less, 75% or less, 41% or less, 30% or less, 26% or less, or the like. At least one of the first bonding layer 21 and the second bonding layer 22 is a colored bonding layer, the colored bonding layer can be gray PVB intermediate films (semitransparent films) with different types, and the visible light transmittance of the colored bonding layer is less than or equal to 44%, less than or equal to 18%, less than or equal to 8%, less than or equal to 5%, less than or equal to 2% and the like. Either the tinted glass or the tinted bonding layer can act to limit the overall visible light transmission of the heatable privacy glass 100.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, in one embodiment, a portion of the first adhesive layer 21 is adhered between the heating element 40 and the dimming element 30, another portion of the first adhesive layer 21 is adhered to the first glass plate 11, and the second adhesive layer 22 is adhered between the dimming element 30 and the second glass plate 12 to form the heatable dimming glass 100.
Optionally, the materials of the first adhesive layer 21 and the second adhesive layer 22 may be Polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), Polyacrylate (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), Polyurethane (PUR), or the like. The first adhesive layer 21 and the second adhesive layer 22 may be the same material or different materials.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the heatable privacy glass 100 further includes a black stamp 60, and the black stamp 60 is disposed on the inner surface of the first glass plate 11 and surrounds the edge of the inner surface of the first glass plate 11 to form an annular opaque shielding region. The black printing edge 60 is mainly used for shielding parts in the vehicle, the first bus bar 41, the second bus bar 42, the first dimming electrode 31 and the second dimming electrode 32, and can ensure consistent color around the heatable dimming glass 100 and improve the overall appearance; the black seal edge 60 can also block solar radiation, prevent the aging of parts in the vehicle, and improve the stability and the service life of the product.
Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the black stamp mark 60 is less than or equal to 1.5%, the ultraviolet transmittance is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the material of the black stamp mark 60 may be ceramic ink or ultraviolet drying ink (also called UV ink). In order to make the black stamp mark 60 more beautiful and easier to match, the black stamp mark 60 is preferably black or brown or other dark color.
Referring to fig. 1, the heatable privacy glass 100 provided by the present invention may be used as an automobile glass, a decorative glass, etc., and an embodiment of the present invention takes an automobile skylight glass as an example. The service voltage of the heatable dimming glass 100 is 24V-110V, and the maximum visible light transmittance of the heatable dimming glass is less than or equal to 30%.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a first heatable light control glass according to the present invention.
In one embodiment, the power supply voltage is obtained by transforming the alternating current generator through a transformer so as to realize that the power supply is 24-110V alternating current.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a second heatable light control glass according to the present invention.
In another embodiment, the power supply voltage is obtained by converting a direct current storage battery through an inverter so as to realize that the power supply is 24-110V alternating current.
Referring to fig. 3, 4, 6 and 7, the first bus bar 41 and the first dimming electrode 31 are common electrode terminals, the common electrode terminals are electrically connected to the positive electrode of the external power source through a positive electrode lead-out wire 51, the second bus bar 42 and the second dimming electrode 32 are independent electrode terminals, and the two independent terminals are electrically connected to the negative electrode of the external power source through negative electrode lead-out wires 52, respectively. A heating element control switch 54 and a dimming element control switch 53 are provided between the two separate terminals and the negative terminal lead 52, respectively, to control the heating element 40 and the dimming element 30, respectively.
Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 6, the heatable privacy glass 100 of the second embodiment is substantially the same as the heatable privacy glass 100 of the first embodiment, but there is a certain difference therebetween, and the positions of the heating element 40 and the dimming element 30 of the heatable privacy glass 100 of the second embodiment are interchanged with respect to the first embodiment. The heatable privacy glass 100 according to the second embodiment includes a first glass plate 11, a black stamp 60, a first adhesive layer 21, a privacy element 30, a second adhesive layer 22, a heating element 40, and a second glass plate 12, which are sequentially laminated.
The heating element 40 is disposed between the second adhesive layer 22 and the second glass plate 12, the heating element 40 includes a heating film 43, and a first bus bar 41 and a second bus bar 42 disposed on a side of the heating film 43 away from the second glass plate 12, and the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 are disposed in the second adhesive layer 22 at an interval.
In a specific embodiment, a portion of the electrical connector 50 penetrates through the second adhesive layer 22 to electrically connect with the first bus bar 41, another portion of the electrical connector 50 penetrates through the edge sealing adhesive layer 34 to electrically connect with the first dimming electrode 31, and the electrical connector 50 is communicated with an external power source through the positive lead wire 51.
Referring to fig. 1 and 8, fig. 8 is a top view of a second heatable light control glass according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 provides a heatable privacy glass 100 that is substantially identical to the heatable privacy glass 100 provided in fig. 1. The difference is that the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 of the heatable light control glass 100 provided in fig. 8 are not parallel, the first light control electrode 31 and the second light control electrode 32 are parallel, and the minimum distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 along the Y axis is H1The maximum distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 along the Y axis is H2。
Referring to fig. 2 and 9, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a heatable light control glass 100, where the method is used to manufacture a heating film 43 of the heatable light control glass 100. The method comprises the following operational steps. It is clear that the implementation steps described are only one implementation step provided in the present application, and not all implementation steps. All other implementation steps obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the implementation steps in this application are within the scope of protection of this application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, and fig. 9, fig. 9 is a method for manufacturing a heatable privacy glass according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Operation 1, determining the overall shape and size of the heatable light control glass 100;
operation 2, determining an operating voltage across the dimming element 30;
and 6, determining the selection of the heating element 40 according to the selectable range of the surface resistance of the heating element 40.
The invention provides a method for preparing a heatable privacy glass 100, which is used for determining the range of the surface resistance of a heating film 43 of the heatable privacy glass 100. In one embodiment, please refer to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, and fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing a heatable light control glass according to fig. 9.
When the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 are parallel to each other, the following operation is performed according to the overall shape and size of the heatable privacy glass 100.
An operation 11 of determining an overall shape dimension of the heatable privacy glass 100;
an operation 12 of determining an operating voltage across the dimming element 30; specifically, the dimming element 30 and the heating element 40 are connected in parallel, and the voltage between the first dimming electrode 31 and the second dimming electrode 32 of the dimming element 30 is equal to the voltage between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 of the heating element 40. The voltage between the first and second dimmer electrodes 31, 32 is obtained by a voltmeter or other voltage measuring device, and has a value equal to the voltage across the dimmer element 30, and also equal to the voltage across the heater element 40.
An operation 13 of determining a spatial layout of a first busbar 41 and a second busbar 42 and a distance between the first busbar 41 and the second busbar 42; specifically, the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 are parallel to each other, and the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 is the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 along the Y axis.
An operation 14 of determining a range of temperature coefficients according to the heating scenario; specifically, the selection range of the temperature coefficient is 0.000625-0.0025, the heating scene is the ambient temperature, when the ambient temperature is (0, 70] ° c, the selection range of the temperature coefficient is [0.0008, 0.0025], when the ambient temperature is (-20, 0] ° c, the selection range of the temperature coefficient is [0.000725, 0.00185], when the ambient temperature is [ -60, -20] ° c, the selection range of the temperature coefficient is [0.000625, 0.00196 ].
An operation 15 of determining a selectable range of the sheet resistance of the heating element 40 according to the operating voltage across the dimming element 30, the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42, and the range of the temperature coefficient; specifically, let U be the operating voltage across the light control element 30, H be the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42, m be the temperature coefficient, and R be the sheet resistance of the heating film 43sAccording to the formula: m = Rs*H2/U2The calculation formula of the sheet resistance of the heating film 43 can be derived: rs=m* U2/H2A calculation formula of the minimum value of the sheet resistance of the heating film 43: rs1=m1* U2/H2The formula for calculating the maximum value of the sheet resistance of the heating film 43: rs2=m2* U2/H2To determine the range of the sheet resistance of the heating film 43.
In operation 16, preparation of the heating element 40 is determined based on the selectable range of sheet resistance of the heating element 40. Specifically, the area resistance R in the optional range is the area resistance of the heating film 43sThe distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 is H, so as to achieve a proper fit between the heating element 40 and the dimming element 30.
For example, the maximum length of the heatable privacy glass 100: l =1914mm, maximum width: w =1200mm, area of heating zone: s =1.4m2Voltage across the dimming element 30: u =36V, the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42: h =965mm, minimum temperature coefficient: m is1=0.000625, maximum temperature coefficient: m is2=0.0025；
According to the calculation formula: rs1=m1* U2/H2The minimum value of the sheet resistance of the heating film 43 is calculated: rs1=0.87；
According to the calculation formula: rs2=m2* U2/H2The maximum value of the sheet resistance of the heating film 43 is calculated: rs2=3.48；
Combination 1: using a surface resistance RsThe heating films 43 of =3.48 are combined to form the heatable light control glass 100, the measured resistance R =2.314 Ω realizes an effective heating power of about 560W for the heating element 40, and the power density of about 400 (W/m) for the heating element 402)。
And (3) combination 2: using a surface resistance RsThe heating films 43 of =2.55 are combined to form the heatable light control glass 100, the measured resistance R =1.696 Ω is achieved, the effective heating power of the heating element 40 is about 764W, and the power density of the heating element 40 is about 546 (W/m)2)。
And (3) combination: using a surface resistance RsThe heating films 43 of =1.2 are combined to form the heatable light control glass 100, the measured resistance R =0.798 Ω, the effective heating power of the heating element 40 is about 1624W, and the power density of the heating element 40 is about 1160 (W/m)2)。
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, and 4, in a state where the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 are parallel, the minimum value and the maximum value of the sheet resistance of the heating film 43 are obtained by determining the voltage across the dimming element 30, the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42, and the range of the temperature coefficient. The corresponding heating film 43 is prepared within the selectable range of the surface resistance of the heating film 43, so that the heating element 40 generates heat without overheating, and the condition of long heating response time is avoided, and further the heating element 40 is favorably matched with the dimming element 30, so that the working performance of the dimming element 30 is more stable, and the dimming performance is more reliable.
The invention provides a method for preparing a heatable privacy glass 100, which is used for determining the range of the surface resistance of a heating film 43 of the heatable privacy glass 100. In one embodiment, please refer to fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 8 and fig. 11, and fig. 11 is a method for manufacturing the second heatable light-regulating glass shown in fig. 9.
When the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 are not parallel, the following operation is performed according to the overall shape and size of the heatable privacy glass 100.
An operation 21 of determining an overall shape dimension of the heatable privacy glass 100;
an operation 22 of determining an operating voltage across the dimming element 30; specifically, the dimming element 30 and the heating element 40 are connected in parallel, and the voltage between the first dimming electrode 31 and the second dimming electrode 32 of the dimming element 30 is equal to the voltage between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 of the heating element 40. The voltage between the first and second dimmer electrodes 31, 32 is obtained by a voltmeter or other voltage measuring device, and has a value equal to the voltage across the dimmer element 30, and also equal to the voltage across the heater element 40.
An operation 23 of determining a spatial layout of a first busbar 41 and a second busbar 42 and a distance between the first busbar 41 and the second busbar 42; specifically, the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 are not parallel, the minimum distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 is the minimum of the distances between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 along the Y axis, and the maximum distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 is the maximum of the distances between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 along the Y axis.
An operation 24 of determining a range of temperature coefficients according to the heating scenario; specifically, the selection range of the temperature coefficient is 0.000625-0.0025, the heating scene is the ambient temperature, when the ambient temperature is (0, 70] ° c, the selection range of the temperature coefficient is [0.0008, 0.0025], when the ambient temperature is (-20, 0] ° c, the selection range of the temperature coefficient is [0.000725, 0.00185], when the ambient temperature is [ -60, -20] ° c, the selection range of the temperature coefficient is [0.000625, 0.00196 ].
An operation 25 of determining a selectable range of the sheet resistance of the heating element 40 according to the operating voltage across the dimming element 30, the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42, and the range of the temperature coefficient; specifically, let the operating voltage across the light adjusting element 30 be U, and let the minimum value of the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 be H1The maximum value of the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 is set to H2The temperature coefficient is m, and the surface resistance of the heating film 43 is RsAccording to the formula: m = Rs*H2/U2The calculation formula of the sheet resistance of the heating film 43 can be derived: rs=m* U2/H2A calculation formula of the minimum value of the sheet resistance of the heating film 43: rs1=m1* U2/H1 2The formula for calculating the maximum value of the sheet resistance of the heating film 43: rs2=m2* U2/H2 2To determine the range of the sheet resistance of the heating film 43.
In operation 26, preparation of the heating element 40 is determined based on the selectable range of sheet resistance of the heating element 40. Specifically, the area resistance R in the optional range is the area resistance of the heating film 43sA minimum distance H between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 is formed1A maximum distance H between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 is formed2To achieve a proper fit of the heating element 40 and the dimming element 30.
Based on operation 25, in one embodiment, when the minimum value of the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 is much smaller than the maximum value of the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42, a case may occur in which the minimum value of the area resistance of the heating film 43 is larger than the maximum value of the area resistance of the heating film 43.
When the minimum value of the area resistance of the heating film 43 is larger than the maximum value of the area resistance of the heating film 43, the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 are adjusted so that the minimum value of the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 approaches the maximum value of the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42, so that the minimum value of the area resistance of the heating film 43 is smaller than the maximum value of the area resistance of the heating film 43.
For example, the maximum length of the heatable privacy glass 100: l =1809mm, maximum width: w =1220mm, area of heating zone: 1.4m2Voltage across the dimming element 30: u =36V, minimum value of distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42: h1=1012mm, maximum value of distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42: h2=1060mm, minimum temperature coefficient: m is1=0.000625, maximum temperature coefficient: m is2=0.0025；
According to the calculation formula: rs1=m1* U2/H1 2The minimum value of the sheet resistance of the heating film 43 is calculated: rs1=0.79；
According to the calculation formula: rs2=m1* U2/H2 2The maximum value of the sheet resistance of the heating film 43 is calculated: rs2=2.88。
Combination 1: using a surface resistance RsThe heating films 43 of =2.55 are combined to form the heatable light control glass 100, and the measured resistance R =1.954 Ω realizes an effective heating power of about 663W of the heating element 40 and a power density of about 474 (W/m) of the heating element 402)。
Referring to fig. 2, 3, 4 and 8, in a state where the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 are not parallel, the minimum value and the maximum value of the sheet resistance of the heating film 43 are obtained by determining the voltage across the dimming element 30, the minimum value of the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42, the maximum value of the distance between the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42, and the range of the temperature coefficient. The corresponding heating film 43 is prepared within the selectable range of the surface resistance of the heating film 43, so that the heating element 40 generates heat without overheating, and the condition of long heating response time is avoided, and further the heating element 40 is favorably matched with the dimming element 30, so that the working performance of the dimming element 30 is more stable, and the dimming performance is more reliable.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and it is intended that all such changes and modifications be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (15)
1. A heatable privacy glass, the heatable privacy glass comprising:
a first glass plate and a second glass plate;
the light adjusting element is arranged between the first glass plate and the second glass plate;
the heating element is arranged between the first glass plate and the dimming element or between the second glass plate and the dimming element;
the heating element is connected with the dimming element in parallel, the heating element comprises a heating film, a first bus bar and a second bus bar, and the first bus bar and the second bus bar are arranged along two opposite sides of the heating film and are electrically connected with the heating film;
the heatable light modulation glass has a temperature coefficient m, the range of m is 0.000625 and is less than or equal to 0.0025, and m = Rs is H2/U2Rs is the surface resistance of the heating film, H is the distance between the first bus bar and the second bus bar, and U is the operating voltage of the dimming element.
2. The heatable switchable glass as claimed in claim 1,
the temperature coefficient m ranges from [0.0008, 0.0025] when the ambient temperature is (0, 70] ° c, from [0.000725, 0.00185] when the ambient temperature is (-20, 0] ° c, and from [0.000625, 0.00196] when the ambient temperature is [ -60, -20] ° c.
3. The heatable switchable glass as claimed in claim 1,
the light modulation element comprises a light modulation film, a first light modulation electrode and a second light modulation electrode, wherein the light modulation film comprises a first resin layer, a first transparent conducting layer, a light modulation layer, a second transparent conducting layer and a second resin layer which are sequentially stacked, the first light modulation electrode is electrically connected with the first transparent conducting layer, and the second light modulation electrode is electrically connected with the second transparent conducting layer; the heatable light modulation glass further comprises an electric connecting piece, one end of the electric connecting piece is electrically connected with the first bus bar, and the other end of the electric connecting piece is electrically connected with the first light modulation electrode.
4. The heatable switchable glass as claimed in claim 3,
at least one of the first transparent conductive layer, the second transparent conductive layer, and the heating film includes a metal layer, a metal alloy layer, or a metal oxide layer.
5. The heatable switchable glass as claimed in claim 3,
the first light adjusting electrode and the second light adjusting electrode are arranged along two opposite sides of the light adjusting film, the first light adjusting electrode is parallel to the first bus bar, and the second light adjusting electrode is parallel to the second bus bar.
6. The heatable privacy glass of claim 3, wherein the first bus bar is parallel to the second bus bar and the first privacy electrode is parallel to the second privacy electrode.
7. The heatable switchable glass as defined in claim 3 wherein the first bus bar is non-parallel to the second bus bar and the first switchable electrode is parallel to the second switchable electrode.
8. The heatable switchable glass as claimed in claim 3,
the heatable light modulation glass further comprises a first bonding layer and a second bonding layer, and the first bonding layer is arranged between the first glass plate and the light modulation element; the second bonding layer is arranged between the second glass plate and the dimming element.
9. The heatable switchable glass as claimed in claim 8,
the light adjusting element also comprises an edge sealing bonding layer which is in a hollow plate shape, and the light adjusting film is arranged in a hollow area of the edge sealing bonding layer; and one part of the electric connecting piece penetrates through the first bonding layer or the second bonding layer to be electrically connected with the first bus bar, and the other part of the electric connecting piece penetrates through the edge sealing bonding layer to be electrically connected with the first dimming electrode.
10. The heatable switchable glass as claimed in claim 7,
at least one of the first glass sheet, the first bonding layer, the second bonding layer, and the second glass sheet is body tinted.
11. A preparation method of heatable light control glass is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the overall shape and size of the heatable light control glass;
determining the working voltage U at two ends of the dimming element;
determining a spatial layout of a first bus bar and a second bus bar and a distance H between the first bus bar and the second bus bar;
determining the range m of the temperature coefficient of the heatable dimming glass according to the heating scene, wherein the range of m is more than or equal to 0.000625 and less than or equal to 0.0025;
determining a selectable range of sheet resistance Rs of the heating element from Rs = m × U2/H2;
the selection of the heating element is determined according to the selectable range of the area resistance of the heating element.
12. The method of making a heatable privacy glass of claim 11, wherein the determining the spatial layout of the first and second bus bars and the distance between the first and second bus bars comprises:
when the first bus bar and the second bus bar are parallel to each other,
determining the distance according to a distance between the first bus bar and the second bus bar;
when the first bus bar and the second bus bar are not parallel to each other,
determining a maximum value of the distance according to a maximum distance between the first bus bar and the second bus bar; determining a minimum value of the distance according to a minimum distance between the first bus bar and the second bus bar.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein determining the selectable range of sheet resistances of the heating element based on the operating voltage across the dimming element, the distance between the first bus bar and the second bus bar, and the range of temperature coefficients comprises:
when the first bus bar and the second bus bar are parallel to each other,
determining the minimum value of the surface resistance according to the value obtained by multiplying the minimum temperature coefficient by the ratio of the square value of the working voltage of the dimming element to the square value of the distance;
determining the maximum value of the surface resistance according to the value obtained by multiplying the maximum temperature coefficient by the ratio of the square value of the working voltage of the dimming element to the square value of the distance;
when the first bus bar and the second bus bar are not parallel to each other,
determining the minimum value of the surface resistance according to the value obtained by multiplying the minimum temperature coefficient by the ratio of the square value of the working voltage of the dimming element to the square value of the minimum distance;
determining the maximum value of the surface resistance according to the value obtained by multiplying the maximum temperature coefficient by the ratio of the square value of the working voltage of the dimming element to the square value of the maximum distance;
and determining the selectable range of the area resistance according to the minimum value of the area resistance and the maximum value of the area resistance.
14. The method of making a heatable privacy glass of claim 13, wherein when the minimum value of the sheet resistance is greater than the maximum value of the sheet resistance, the distance between the first bus bar and the second bus bar is adjusted such that the minimum value of the sheet resistance is less than the maximum value of the sheet resistance.
15. The method of claim 11, wherein the temperature coefficient is in the range of 0.000625 ≦ m ≦ 0.0025, the temperature coefficient is in the range of [0.0008, 0.0025] when the ambient temperature is (0, 70] ° c, the temperature coefficient is in the range of [0.000725, 0.00185] when the ambient temperature is (-20, 0] ° c, and the temperature coefficient is in the range of [0.000625, 0.00196] when the ambient temperature is [ -60, -20] ° c.
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Effective date of registration: 20230920 Address after: 201814 Shanghai Jiading District city Anting Town Park Road No. 588 Patentee after: FUYAO GROUP (SHANGHAI) AUTOMOBILE GLASS Co.,Ltd. Address before: 350301 II District, Fuyao Industrial Zone, Honglu Town, Fuqing City, Fuzhou, Fujian Patentee before: FUYAO GLASS INDUSTRY GROUP Co.,Ltd. |