CN112677311A - Sleeper prestress single-end tensioning machine head - Google Patents
Sleeper prestress single-end tensioning machine head Download PDFInfo
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- CN112677311A CN112677311A CN202011441126.4A CN202011441126A CN112677311A CN 112677311 A CN112677311 A CN 112677311A CN 202011441126 A CN202011441126 A CN 202011441126A CN 112677311 A CN112677311 A CN 112677311A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sleeper prestress single-end tensioning machine head, and belongs to the technical field of sleeper prestress tensioning. The device comprises a shell, wherein two parallel through jacks are arranged at the rear end of the shell, a force sensor and a displacement sensor are arranged on each through jack, a main pull rod penetrates through each through jack, two nut screwing mechanisms are further arranged at the front part of the shell, a screwing head and the rear end of each nut screwing mechanism are communicated straight paths, and the end head of each main pull rod is provided with an expanding structure; and a pull rod connecting mechanism is also arranged between the nut screwing mechanism and the main pull rod, and the pull rod connecting mechanism is connected with a displacement mechanism with the motion direction vertical to the main pull rod. The machine head is specially designed for tensioning the sleepers, can simultaneously tension two sleeper steel bars, is convenient to use, can synchronously read the tension value and the tension elongation value, and is beneficial to improving the operation quality and efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sleeper prestress single-end tensioning machine head, and belongs to the technical field of sleeper prestress tensioning.
Background
With the increasing development of railway system traffic, the application amount of the prestressed concrete sleeper is increased dramatically. The sleeper is an important stressed component of a track system under the action of train load, bears various acting forces from the steel rail, elastically transmits the acting forces to a track bed, and can effectively maintain the track gauge, direction and position of the track. At present, most of sleepers laid in China are concrete sleepers. In the production process of the sleeper, the prestress tension of the sleeper is an important factor influencing the sleeper processing quality. The spiral rib steel wire of the prestressed concrete sleeper is influenced by various factors in the process of applying prestress, and has a non-uniform tensioning phenomenon, so that the bearing capacity and the service life of the sleeper can be adversely affected by the caused uneven stress distribution.
At present, most of prestressed tensioning equipment of concrete sleeper manufacturers can not realize automatic tensioning and recording, but control the tensioning elongation value of prestressed tendons through manual measurement, and read and control the tensioning force by using an oil pump pressure gauge. Inaccurate control of the stress of the sleeper rib and the prestressed tension elongation value is a main reason for causing the prestressed structure to generate cracks, so that the prestressed structure generates excessive deformation to cause structural failure or scrapping. In addition, when the existing tensioning equipment is used for tensioning the sleeper, the operation is complex, and the use is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a sleeper prestress single-end tensioning machine head which is specially designed for sleeper tensioning, can simultaneously tension two sleeper reinforcements, is convenient to use, can synchronously read a tension value and a tension elongation value, realizes automatic synchronous tensioning, improves non-uniform tensioning and the phenomenon of nonuniform stress distribution caused by the non-uniform tensioning, and improves the sleeper processing quality.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a prestressed single-end tensioning machine head for a sleeper comprises a shell for conducting pressure, wherein a top arm is arranged at the front end of the shell, two parallel penetrating jacks are arranged at the rear end of the shell, a force sensor and a displacement sensor are arranged on each penetrating jack, a main pull rod penetrates through each penetrating jack, two nut screwing mechanisms driven by a motor are further arranged at the front part of the shell, screwing heads of the nut screwing mechanisms are exposed out of the front end of the shell, the screwing heads are straight paths which are communicated with the rear end of each nut screwing mechanism, each straight path is opposite to the end of one main pull rod, and the ends of the main pull rods are provided with expanding structures; a pull rod connecting mechanism is further arranged between the nut screwing mechanism and the main pull rod, the pull rod connecting mechanism comprises a shell and a connecting body, two first notches and two second notches are formed in the connecting body, the two first notches are respectively used for being placed in the rod body corresponding to the main pull rod and hanging the expanded structure at the end of the rod body, the two second notches are respectively used for being placed in the rod body corresponding to the reinforcing steel bar stretching rod and hanging the expanded structure at the end of the rod body, and the shell is provided with a shell notch corresponding to the position of the notch in the connecting body; a reset spring arranged along the tensioning direction is arranged between the connector and the shell, the first notch is positioned at the rear end of the end expanding structure corresponding to the main pull rod in the reset state of the connector, the pull rod connecting mechanism is connected with a displacement mechanism with the movement direction perpendicular to the main pull rod, and each pull rod is separated from the corresponding notch when the displacement mechanism is reset.
Furthermore, the force sensor is a column type force sensor and is arranged at the rear end of the feed-through jack; the front end of the feed-through jack props against the outer wall of the shell; the main pull rod sequentially penetrates through the column type force sensor and the penetrating type jack and enters the shell.
Furthermore, the tail end of the main pull rod is connected with a flange plate, a screw hole is formed in the center of the flange plate, the flange plate is in threaded connection with the main pull rod, and the flange plate is fixedly connected with the tail end of the force sensor through a screw.
Furthermore, the nut screwing mechanism comprises a gear transmission mechanism, the gear transmission mechanisms of the two nut screwing mechanisms are driven by the same motor, the screwing head is a screwing sleeve which is arranged at the front end of the hollow shaft rod and used for screwing the nut, and the hollow shaft rod is inserted into the center of a final-stage gear of the gear transmission mechanism in a key connection mode.
Furthermore, the hollow shaft rod has the telescopic freedom degree relative to the gear transmission mechanism, and the hollow shaft rod is sleeved with a compression spring for pushing the hollow shaft rod forwards.
Further, the displacement mechanism is a push rod mechanism.
A prestressed single-end tensioning machine head for a sleeper comprises an outer frame and upper and lower tensioning devices which are arranged in the outer frame and face to the same side; the tensioning device comprises a shell for conducting pressure, wherein a jacking arm is arranged at the front end of the shell, two parallel through type jacks are arranged at the rear end of the shell, a force sensor and a displacement sensor are arranged on each through type jack, a main pull rod penetrates through each through type jack, two nut screwing mechanisms driven by a motor are further arranged at the front part of the shell, screwing heads of the nut screwing mechanisms are exposed out of the front end of the shell, the screwing heads are straight paths which are through to the rear end of the nut screwing mechanism, each straight path is right opposite to the end of one main pull rod, and the ends of the main pull rods are provided with expanding structures; a pull rod connecting mechanism is further arranged between the nut screwing mechanism and the main pull rod, the pull rod connecting mechanism comprises a shell and a connecting body, two first notches and two second notches are formed in the connecting body, the two first notches are respectively used for being placed in the rod body corresponding to the main pull rod and hanging the expanded structure at the end of the rod body, the two second notches are respectively used for being placed in the rod body corresponding to the reinforcing steel bar stretching rod and hanging the expanded structure at the end of the rod body, and the shell is provided with a shell notch corresponding to the position of the notch in the connecting body; a reset spring arranged along the tensioning direction is arranged between the connector and the shell, the first notch is positioned at the rear end of the end expanding structure corresponding to the main pull rod in the reset state of the connector, the pull rod connecting mechanism is connected with a displacement mechanism with the movement direction perpendicular to the main pull rod, and each pull rod is separated from the corresponding notch when the displacement mechanism is reset.
Furthermore, the two tensioning devices are arranged in mirror symmetry.
Furthermore, the two tensioning devices are constrained on a guide rail in the frame and are respectively connected with an adjusting mechanism which enables the two tensioning devices to move up and down in the frame, and the guide rail is also provided with a limiting structure which is used for limiting the highest position and the lowest position of each tensioning device.
Furthermore, the distance between the screwing heads in the two tensioning devices is inconsistent.
As can be seen from the above description, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention integrates the force sensor and the displacement sensor, can directly read the prestress value and the tension elongation value in the tension process, and provides accurate reference data for prestress tension, thereby ensuring the tension quality.
2. The invention is specially designed for tensioning the sleeper, has high degree of mechanization, can realize the conduction of the tensioning force through the pull rod connecting mechanism, and automatically locks the nut through the nut screwing mechanism, thereby greatly saving the labor and being beneficial to improving the operation quality and efficiency.
3. The automatic sleeper tensioning device can synchronously and simultaneously tension two sleeper reinforcements, and when two groups of machine heads are used together, four sleeper reinforcements can be simultaneously tensioned, so that the automatic sleeper tensioning device can be realized on the basis of the machine heads.
4. After one-time tensioning is completed, the tensioning device can be quickly removed, and meanwhile, the corresponding mechanism automatically returns under the action of the spring, so that the assembly line type continuous operation can be realized, and the operation efficiency is further improved.
5. The invention can realize automatic synchronous tensioning through the feedback adjustment of the force sensor and the displacement sensor, improve the phenomenon of nonuniform tensioning and stress distribution caused by the nonuniform tensioning, and improve the sleeper processing quality.
Drawings
In order to more clearly describe this patent, one or more of the following figures are provided.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a single end tensioning head in accordance with an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a side sectional view of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the nut screwing mechanism in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a connecting body of the drawbar connecting mechanism in fig. 3.
FIG. 6 is an overall schematic view of another single-ended tensioning head of an embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a side sectional view of fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a right side view of fig. 6.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a tensioning apparatus including a tensioning head.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a sleeper prestress tensioning die.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present patent by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present patent are further described in the following specific cases.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a sleeper prestressed single-end tensioning machine head includes a casing 1 for conducting pressure, a top arm 11 is provided at the front end of the casing 1, two parallel through-type jacks 31 are provided at the rear end of the casing 1, each through-type jack 31 is provided with a force sensor 32 and a displacement sensor 33, a main pull rod 4 penetrates through each through-type jack 31, two nut screwing mechanisms driven by a motor 21 are further provided at the front end of the casing 1, screwing heads 24 of the nut screwing mechanisms are exposed at the front end of the casing 1, the screwing heads 24 and the rear ends of the nut screwing mechanisms are through straight lines, each straight line is opposite to the end of one main pull rod 4, and the end of the main pull rod 4 is provided with an expanding structure 40; a pull rod connecting mechanism is further arranged between the nut screwing mechanism and the main pull rod, the pull rod connecting mechanism comprises a shell 51 and a connecting body 52, two first notches and two second notches 520 are arranged on the connecting body 52, the two first notches are respectively used for placing the rod body corresponding to the main pull rod 4 and hanging the expanded structure 40 at the end of the rod body, the two second notches 520 are respectively used for placing the rod body corresponding to the reinforcing steel bar stretching rod and hanging the expanded structure at the end of the rod body, and the shell 51 is provided with a shell notch 510 corresponding to the position of the notch on the connecting body; a guide rail 54 and a return spring 53 which are arranged along the tensioning direction are arranged between the connecting body 52 and the shell 51, the first notch is just positioned at the rear end of the expanded structure corresponding to the end head of the main pull rod in the reset state of the connecting body, and the shell 51 of the pull rod connecting mechanism is connected with a displacement mechanism 55 with the movement direction vertical to the main pull rod 4 and is restrained in the shell 1 through the guide rail 511; the displacement mechanism can adopt a push rod mechanism, and when the displacement mechanism is reset, each pull rod is separated from the corresponding notch.
Further, the force sensor 32 is a column force sensor, and is arranged at the rear end of the through jack 31; the front end of the feed-through jack 31 is abutted against the outer wall of the shell 1; the main tie rod 4 passes through the column force sensor 32 and the feed-through jack 31 in sequence and enters the interior of the housing 1.
Furthermore, the tail end of the main pull rod 4 is connected with a flange 34, a screw hole is formed in the center of the flange 34, the flange 34 is in threaded connection with the main pull rod 4, and the flange 34 is fixedly connected with the tail end of the force sensor 32 through a screw.
Further, the nut screwing mechanism comprises a gear transmission mechanism 22, the screwing head 24 is a screwing sleeve which is arranged at the front end of the hollow shaft rod 23 and used for screwing the nut, and the hollow shaft rod 23 is inserted in the center of a final-stage gear of the gear transmission mechanism 22 in a key connection mode.
Furthermore, the hollow shaft 23 has a degree of freedom of extension and retraction with respect to the gear mechanism 22, and the hollow shaft 23 is fitted with a compression spring 25 for urging the hollow shaft forward. It will be apparent that the hollow shaft 23 should have a stop feature thereon to prevent it from being removed from the gear assembly 22. In order to ensure that the screw head tries to screw the nut to the bottom, the extension of the screw head should be calculated in advance and the compression spring 25 should be kept in compression all the time to provide sufficient thrust.
Fig. 6 to 7 show another sleeper prestress single-end tensioning machine head, which includes an upper tensioning device and a lower tensioning device arranged in a mirror image manner, where the structure of each tensioning device is the same as that of the tensioning machine head, and is not described herein again. The two tensioning devices are arranged in the same outer frame 7 and are moved up and down on the corresponding guide rails by means of adjusting mechanisms 71, 72, respectively. The guide rail can also be provided with a limiting structure so as to limit the highest position and the lowest position of each tensioning device. The distance between the tensioning devices can be adjusted through the adjusting mechanism, so that the tension rod distribution of tensioning molds of different specifications can be adapted.
As shown in fig. 8, the distance between the screwing heads of the upper and lower tensioning devices is not consistent, which is also to adapt to the distribution of the tie rods of the corresponding tensioning die.
Fig. 9 is a drawing device using the above machine head, which includes a frame, a longitudinal moving mechanism is provided on the frame, a first and a second lateral moving mechanism are provided on the longitudinal moving mechanism, and the two kinds of drawing machine heads are provided on the two lateral moving mechanisms, respectively.
Fig. 10 shows a tensioning die adapted to the tensioning device, which comprises a die body 6 with rectangular shaped slots therein; six pull rods penetrate through the side walls of the die body at two ends of the shaped groove respectively, wherein two short pull rods 62 positioned on the same horizontal plane and four long pull rods 61 positioned at four corners of the periphery of the two short pull rods are arranged on the side wall on one side, four short pull rods which are opposite to the four long pull rods one by one and two long pull rods which are opposite to the two short pull rods one by one are arranged on the side wall on the other side, and the two opposite pull rods are used for pulling the twisted steel 63 connected between the two pull rods. The inner end of the long pull rod is provided with a threaded cavity for connecting a threaded steel bar, and a rod body behind the threaded cavity is sequentially provided with a first polished rod section for penetrating through the end wall of the mold, an external thread section for connecting a tensioning locking nut and a second polished rod section; the tail end of the second polished rod section is provided with a tail end for screwing, and the front part of the tail end is provided with an expansion structure. The inner end of the short pull rod is a threaded cavity for connecting a threaded steel bar, a polished rod section for penetrating through the end wall of the mold is arranged behind the threaded cavity, the tail end of the polished rod section is a blocking platform for abutting against the outer wall of the mold, and a tail end for screwing is arranged behind the blocking platform.
During tensioning, a tensioning mold is conveyed to the automatic tensioning device through the trolley, the longitudinal moving mechanism of the device descends, then the transverse moving mechanisms at the two ends drive the head of the head to be close to the mold, the long pull rod of the mold just penetrates through the screwing head of the corresponding nut screwing mechanism until the top arm at the front end of the shell of the head abuts against the side wall of the mold, and at the moment, the screwing head is just sleeved on the locking nut. And then, the displacement mechanism puts down the pull rod connecting mechanism, so that the expansion structures of the main pull rod and the long pull rod are placed into the corresponding notches, and tensioning can be started. In the tensioning process, the displacement sensor and the force sensor on the machine head can synchronously read related data and feed back the data, so that the tensioning precision is improved, and the tensioning quality is ensured. After tensioning is finished, the screwing head of the nut screwing mechanism rotates to screw the locking nut tightly, and then the displacement mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism and the longitudinal moving mechanism return to wait for next tensioning.
The whole tensioning process can be automatically realized through program control. According to the feedback data of the displacement sensor and the force sensor, the tensioning quality can be ensured. In addition, through dolly transmission mould, can realize the assembly line operation to greatly promote the operating efficiency.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only specific examples of the implementation schemes of this patent, and do not cover all the implementation schemes of this patent, and therefore, the scope of protection of this patent cannot be considered as limited; all the implementations which belong to the same concept as the above cases or the combination of the above schemes are within the protection scope of the patent.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a sleeper prestressing force single-end stretch-draw aircraft nose which characterized in that: the pressure transmission device comprises a shell for transmitting pressure, wherein a top arm is arranged at the front end of the shell, two parallel through jacks are arranged at the rear end of the shell, a force sensor and a displacement sensor are arranged on each through jack, a main pull rod penetrates through each through jack, two nut screwing mechanisms driven by a motor are further arranged at the front part of the shell, screwing heads of the nut screwing mechanisms are exposed out of the front end of the shell, straight paths are formed from the screwing heads to the rear end of the nut screwing mechanism and are communicated, each straight path is opposite to the end of one main pull rod, and the ends of the main pull rods are provided with expansion structures; a pull rod connecting mechanism is further arranged between the nut screwing mechanism and the main pull rod, the pull rod connecting mechanism comprises a shell and a connecting body, two first notches and two second notches are formed in the connecting body, the two first notches are respectively used for being placed in the rod body corresponding to the main pull rod and hanging the expanded structure at the end of the rod body, the two second notches are respectively used for being placed in the rod body corresponding to the reinforcing steel bar stretching rod and hanging the expanded structure at the end of the rod body, and the shell is provided with a shell notch corresponding to the position of the notch in the connecting body; a reset spring arranged along the tensioning direction is arranged between the connector and the shell, the first notch is positioned at the rear end of the end expanding structure corresponding to the main pull rod in the reset state of the connector, the pull rod connecting mechanism is connected with a displacement mechanism with the movement direction perpendicular to the main pull rod, and each pull rod is separated from the corresponding notch when the displacement mechanism is reset.
2. The sleeper prestress single-end tensioning machine head as defined in claim 1, wherein: the force sensor is a column type force sensor and is arranged at the rear end of the feed-through jack; the front end of the feed-through jack props against the outer wall of the shell; the main pull rod sequentially penetrates through the column type force sensor and the penetrating type jack and enters the shell.
3. The sleeper prestress single-end tensioning machine head as defined in claim 1, wherein: the tail end of the main pull rod is connected with a flange plate, a screw hole is formed in the center of the flange plate, the flange plate is in threaded connection with the main pull rod, and the flange plate is fixedly connected with the tail end of the force sensor through a screw.
4. The sleeper prestress single-end tensioning machine head as defined in claim 1, wherein: the nut screwing mechanism comprises a gear transmission mechanism, the gear transmission mechanisms of the two nut screwing mechanisms are driven by the same motor, the screwing head is a screwing sleeve which is arranged at the front end of the hollow shaft rod and used for screwing the nut, and the hollow shaft rod is inserted in the center of a final-stage gear of the gear transmission mechanism in a key connection mode.
5. The sleeper prestress single-end tensioning machine head as defined in claim 4, wherein: the hollow shaft lever has a telescopic degree of freedom relative to the gear transmission mechanism, and a compression spring for pushing the hollow shaft lever forward is sleeved on the hollow shaft lever.
6. The sleeper prestress single-end tensioning machine head as defined in claim 1, wherein: the displacement mechanism is a push rod mechanism.
7. The utility model provides a sleeper prestressing force single-end stretch-draw aircraft nose which characterized in that: comprises an outer frame and an upper tensioning device and a lower tensioning device which are arranged in the outer frame and face to the same side; the tensioning device comprises a shell for conducting pressure, wherein a jacking arm is arranged at the front end of the shell, two parallel through type jacks are arranged at the rear end of the shell, a force sensor and a displacement sensor are arranged on each through type jack, a main pull rod penetrates through each through type jack, two nut screwing mechanisms driven by a motor are further arranged at the front part of the shell, screwing heads of the nut screwing mechanisms are exposed out of the front end of the shell, the screwing heads are straight paths which are through to the rear end of the nut screwing mechanism, each straight path is right opposite to the end of one main pull rod, and the ends of the main pull rods are provided with expanding structures; a pull rod connecting mechanism is further arranged between the nut screwing mechanism and the main pull rod, the pull rod connecting mechanism comprises a shell and a connecting body, two first notches and two second notches are formed in the connecting body, the two first notches are respectively used for being placed in the rod body corresponding to the main pull rod and hanging the expanded structure at the end of the rod body, the two second notches are respectively used for being placed in the rod body corresponding to the reinforcing steel bar stretching rod and hanging the expanded structure at the end of the rod body, and the shell is provided with a shell notch corresponding to the position of the notch in the connecting body; a reset spring arranged along the tensioning direction is arranged between the connector and the shell, the first notch is positioned at the rear end of the end expanding structure corresponding to the main pull rod in the reset state of the connector, the pull rod connecting mechanism is connected with a displacement mechanism with the movement direction perpendicular to the main pull rod, and each pull rod is separated from the corresponding notch when the displacement mechanism is reset.
8. The tie prestress single-end tensioning head of claim 7, wherein: the two tensioning devices are arranged in mirror symmetry.
9. The tie prestress single-end tensioning head of claim 7, wherein: the two tensioning devices are constrained on a guide rail in the frame and are respectively connected with an adjusting mechanism which enables the tensioning devices to move up and down in the frame, and the guide rail is also provided with a limiting structure used for limiting the highest position and the lowest position of each tensioning device.
10. The tie prestress single-end tensioning head of claim 7, wherein: the distance between the screwing heads in the two tensioning devices is different.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011441126.4A CN112677311A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Sleeper prestress single-end tensioning machine head |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011441126.4A CN112677311A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Sleeper prestress single-end tensioning machine head |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112677311A true CN112677311A (en) | 2021-04-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011441126.4A Pending CN112677311A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Sleeper prestress single-end tensioning machine head |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114953166A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-30 | 中铁十四局集团房桥有限公司 | Automatic tensioning and releasing method for single tensioning and releasing prestressed tendon of sleeper |
-
2020
- 2020-12-08 CN CN202011441126.4A patent/CN112677311A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114953166A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-30 | 中铁十四局集团房桥有限公司 | Automatic tensioning and releasing method for single tensioning and releasing prestressed tendon of sleeper |
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Inventor after: Meng Ran Inventor after: Li Yansheng Inventor after: Li Zhifeng Inventor after: Lin Qing Inventor after: Zhai Yanwei Inventor after: Wei Xize Inventor after: Liu Lijun Inventor after: Zhang Haifeng Inventor after: Xue Hongfa Inventor before: Meng Ran Inventor before: Wei Xize Inventor before: Li Yansheng Inventor before: Zhang Haifeng Inventor before: Xue Hongfa Inventor before: Liu Lijun |
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