CN112674913A - Unicondylar knee joint prosthesis capable of preventing looseness and working method thereof - Google Patents
Unicondylar knee joint prosthesis capable of preventing looseness and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112674913A CN112674913A CN202110045559.6A CN202110045559A CN112674913A CN 112674913 A CN112674913 A CN 112674913A CN 202110045559 A CN202110045559 A CN 202110045559A CN 112674913 A CN112674913 A CN 112674913A
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- 210000000629 knee joint Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 210000001694 thigh bone Anatomy 0.000 claims 4
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013150 knee replacement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001185 bone marrow Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036285 pathological change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000915 pathological change Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 2
- 230000002980 postoperative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000006820 Arthralgia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010071229 Procedural haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000002449 bone cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002391 femur head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008407 joint function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003041 ligament Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a single-condyle knee joint prosthesis capable of preventing looseness, which comprises a femoral prosthesis, a platform pad and a platform support, wherein the platform pad is used for being matched with the femoral prosthesis in a rotating and sliding mode, the platform support is used for supporting the platform pad, a fixing column A and a fixing column B are arranged above the femoral prosthesis, and a magnetic head and a sensor module which are matched with each other are respectively arranged inside the femoral prosthesis and the platform pad. The invention has reasonable design, simple structure and convenient use, can know the loosening of the knee joint prosthesis in time, and can carry out further treatment in advance so as to prolong the service life of the prosthesis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a single condyle knee joint prosthesis capable of preventing loosening and a using method thereof.
Background
Artificial single knee joint replacement is an artificial joint replacement surgical operation, which refers to a treatment method for excising the joint surface which can not be repaired by the human body, replacing the damaged joint with an artificial joint component, correcting the limb force line, eliminating the knee joint pain, maintaining the joint stability and recovering the knee joint function. Unicondylar knee prostheses are surgical implants used to replace the knee for unicondylar knee replacement surgery. Unicondylar knee replacement surgery significantly reduces patient intraoperative bleeding status and post-operative recovery time relative to total knee replacement surgery, maintains normal dynamics of the knee joint due to the retention of the anterior and posterior ligaments of the body, and allows patients to achieve a higher level of postoperative knee joint mobility. However, according to research and study, the loosening and instability of the prosthesis are one of the main reasons for the failure of the artificial knee joint, the revision rate is up to 40% due to the later loosening of the prosthesis, and in the prior art, the service life of the prosthesis is shortened due to the fact that the knee joint prosthesis cannot be known before loosening, and the use is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention improves the problems, namely the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the unilateral condyle knee joint prosthesis capable of preventing the loosening and the use method thereof, the use is convenient, the loosening condition of the knee joint prosthesis can be monitored in real time, and the service life of the prosthesis is prolonged.
The specific embodiment of the invention is formed in such a way, the femur head comprises a femur prosthesis, a platform pad and a platform support, wherein the femur prosthesis, the platform pad and the platform support are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the platform pad is matched with the femur prosthesis in a rotating and sliding mode, the platform support is used for supporting the platform pad, a fixing column A and a fixing column B are arranged above the femur prosthesis, and a magnetic head and a sensor module which are matched with each other are respectively arranged inside the femur prosthesis and the platform pad.
Furthermore, the upper surface of the femoral prosthesis is a second arc-shaped surface, the lower surface of the femoral prosthesis is a first arc-shaped surface, and the upper surface of the platform pad is an inwards concave spherical surface attached to the first arc-shaped surface, so that the second arc-shaped surface is always kept in close contact with the inwards concave spherical surface in the movement process.
Further, the magnetic head is located in the femoral prosthesis, the sensor module is located inside the platform pad, the magnet is parallel to the sensor module in the axial direction and aligned with the sensor module in the normal direction, and the sensor module comprises a linear hall sensor, a single chip microcomputer, a power supply device and a bluetooth sensor.
Further, the platform holds in the palm including the landing slab and is located the backup plate of landing slab lateral part, the landing slab below is equipped with the fixed plate, the width of fixed plate reduces from top to bottom in proper order, the through-hole has been seted up on the fixed plate, two at least screw holes have on the backup plate for the setting element is worn to establish, fills up the platform and fixes on the platform holds in the palm.
Furthermore, the fixed column A and the fixed column B are located on the central line of the second arc-shaped surface, the axis of the fixed column A is perpendicular to the second arc-shaped surface, and the axis of the fixed column B is parallel to the axis of the fixed column A.
Further, the diameter and the height of fixed column A are all greater than fixed column B, fixed column A and fixed column B upper end all are equipped with the toper round platform, the diameter of toper round platform reduces from top to bottom in proper order.
Furthermore, the outer surfaces of the fixing column A, the fixing column B, the bottom surface of the platform plate and the outer surface of the fixing plate are all provided with bioactive coatings.
Further, the working method of the unicondylar knee prosthesis capable of preventing loosening comprises the following steps: installing a unicondylar knee joint prosthesis, wherein the femoral prosthesis and the platform support are respectively used for being connected with the bone tissue of a human body; after the prosthesis is installed, the first arc-shaped surface of the femoral prosthesis is matched with the concave spherical surface of the platform pad, so that the normal movement of the knee joint of the human body is realized; testing and recording the displacement range of the human knee joint under normal movement, and setting the normal displacement range for the sensor module; when the femoral prosthesis is loosened and deviation generated by the loosening is separated from a preset range, the sensor module detects and sends a current signal to the rear-stage equipment, the single chip microcomputer gives an instruction to enable the Bluetooth sensor to send a signal, people can sense the loosening degree in time through the external equipment, and effective measures are taken to prevent the loosening of the femoral prosthesis.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the device has simple structure and convenient use, can monitor the loosening condition of the knee joint prosthesis and avoid the artificial knee joint failure caused by the late-stage loosening of the knee joint prosthesis; femoral prosthesis and platform support are used for linking to each other with human bone tissue respectively, femoral prosthesis's first arcwall face and platform pad's indent sphere cooperation, after the operation of installation prosthesis is accomplished, linear hall sensor can be accurate measure the displacement of micron order, set up a displacement scope for the sensor, when the prosthesis appears becoming flexible and produces little deviation and breaks away from when predetermineeing the scope, the singlechip gives the instruction and lets bluetooth sensor signals, people pass through the degree of external equipment in time perception pathological change, effective measures are taken, can reach the prevention prosthesis not hard up, improve prosthesis's life's purpose.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a sensor module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a femoral prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a platform support according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-femoral prosthesis, 11-second arc surface, 12-first arc surface, 13-notch, 2-platform pad, 21-concave spherical surface, 3-platform support, 31-platform plate, 32-backup plate, 321-threaded hole, 33-fixing plate, 331-through hole, 4-fixing column A, 5-fixing column B, 6-magnetic head, 7-sensor module, 71-linear Hall sensor, 711-Hall sensor A, 712-Hall sensor B, 72-single chip microcomputer, 73-power supply device, 74-Bluetooth sensor and 8-conical circular table.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a single condyle knee joint prosthesis capable of preventing loosening is provided, which includes a femur prosthesis 1, a platform pad 2 for rotationally and slidably fitting with the femur prosthesis, and a platform support 3 for supporting the platform pad, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein a fixing post a4 and a fixing post B5 are arranged above the femur prosthesis, and a magnetic head 6 and a sensor module 7 which are fitted with each other are respectively arranged inside the femur prosthesis and the platform pad;
the lower part of the platform support is inserted into the bone marrow, and the fixing post A and the fixing post B on the femoral prosthesis are also inserted into the bone marrow.
The upper surface of the femoral prosthesis is a second arc-shaped surface 11, the lower surface of the femoral prosthesis is a first arc-shaped surface 12, and the upper surface of the platform pad is an inner concave spherical surface 21 attached to the first arc-shaped surface, so that the second arc-shaped surface is always kept in close contact with the inner concave spherical surface in the movement process;
through this setting for the first arcwall face of the indent sphere of platform pad and femoral prosthesis keeps spherical contact throughout, namely each part that makes the first arcwall face of femoral condyle all the time with the spherical surface in close contact with of platform pad at the in-process of motion, can increase the flexibility of complex between femoral prosthesis and the platform pad, on the other hand spherical contact can increase the cooperation area of femoral prosthesis and platform pad, can prevent effectively that femoral prosthesis from breaking away from the platform pad.
The lower surface of the femoral prosthesis is matched with the upper surface of the platform cushion, and preferably, the motion curved surface of the femoral prosthesis is jointed with the bearing curved surface of the platform prosthesis by the ratio of 1: 1.
In this embodiment, the magnetic head is located within the femoral prosthesis, and the sensor module is located inside the platform pad; in an initial state of the femoral condyle, the magnet and the sensor module are axially parallel to each other and are aligned normally;
the sensor module 7 includes a linear hall sensor 71, a single chip microcomputer 72, a power supply device 73, and a bluetooth sensor 74.
The magnetic head is composed of a permanent magnet, a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is formed near a static reference point, and the magnetic induction intensity of a small magnet is not high, so that the magnetic induction intensity of the small magnet cannot have great influence on a human body.
The linear hall sensor consists of a hall sensor A711 and a hall sensor B721, and the model of the linear hall sensor can be SS 495A;
the linear Hall sensor forms a linear trapezoidal magnetic field (or called a ramp magnetic field) by utilizing a magnet, the displacement change of a Hall piece in the linear magnetic field is consistent with the magnetic field intensity change, the formed Hall potential is in direct proportion to the displacement, and the Hall potential is obtained, so that the displacement can be measured;
the linear Hall sensor tests and sets the displacement under the condition of knee joint movement in a normal range, and the linear Hall element outputs Hall potentials with different sizes according to the intensity of a magnetic field, so that the position between a moving object and a reference point is determined; when the prosthesis loosens, the Bluetooth sensor sends a signal and transmits the signal to the external equipment, and different degrees of loosening are reflected according to the reading.
In this embodiment, the platform support 3 includes a platform plate 31 and a backup plate 32 located at the upper side of the platform plate, a fixing plate 33 is located below the platform plate, and the widths of the fixing plates are sequentially reduced from top to bottom; the fixing plate can be in an inverted trapezoid shape;
the fixing plate can be smoothly inserted into the bone tissue of a human body by the arrangement of the mechanism of the fixing plate, so that the platform support can be quickly installed and fixed; on the other hand, the contact area of the platform support and the bone tissue of the human body is increased, so that the platform support is beneficial to stable fixation.
The fixing plate 33 is provided with a through hole 331, preferably, the through hole may be in a shape of a long round hole, so that the stress at each position of the fixing plate is more uniform when the fixing plate is fixed with the bone tissue of the human body, and the distribution of bone cells is more uniform when the bone grows in later period, thereby facilitating the stable fixation of the platform support and the bone tissue of the human body.
The backup plate 32 is provided with at least two threaded holes 321 for the positioning elements to penetrate through to fix the platform pad on the platform support, thereby further preventing the platform pad from sliding on the platform; the positioning member may be a screw.
The top surface of foretell platform board, the medial surface of backup plate form the slip region that is used for leaning on the platform pad, and the slip region all constitutes level and smooth plane everywhere, and the platform pad is the plane with the contact surface of platform board, backup plate.
In this embodiment, in an initial state of the femoral prosthesis, the fixing post a and the fixing post B are located on a central line of the second arc-shaped surface, an axis of the fixing post a is perpendicular to the second arc-shaped surface, and an axis of the fixing post B is parallel to an axis of the fixing post a.
In this embodiment, fixed column A's diameter and height all are greater than fixed column B, fixed column A and fixed column B upper end all are equipped with toper round platform 8, the diameter of toper round platform reduces from top to bottom in proper order.
In this embodiment, the femoral prosthesis is further provided with slots 13 on both sides.
In this embodiment, the outer surfaces of the fixing column a, the fixing column B, the bottom surface of the platform plate and the outer surface of the fixing plate are all provided with bioactive coatings;
the setting of bioactive coating can make femoral prosthesis and platform support can also realize biological fixation when fixing with the human bone tissue to further improve femoral prosthesis and platform support and human bone tissue's fixed stability.
The bioactive coating can be a titanium powder coating, a hydroxyapatite coating or a composite coating of titanium powder and hydroxyapatite.
In this embodiment, the unicondylar knee prosthesis is first installed, and the femoral prosthesis and the platform holder are respectively used for connecting with the bone tissue of the human body; after the prosthesis is installed, the first arc-shaped surface of the femoral prosthesis is matched with the concave spherical surface of the platform pad, so that the normal movement of the knee joint of the human body is realized; the displacement range of the normal activity of the knee joint of the human body is tested and recorded, when the femoral prosthesis loosens, the movement direction of the spherical surface of the femoral prosthesis or the displacement of the femoral prosthesis out of the platform pad exceeds the preset displacement range, even if a tiny deviation is generated, as long as the use is possibly influenced, the sensor module can also detect and send a current signal to a rear-stage device, the singlechip gives an instruction to enable the Bluetooth sensor to send a signal, people timely sense the degree of pathological change through an external device, effective measures are taken, the aims of preventing the loosening of the prosthesis and prolonging the service life of the prosthesis are fulfilled.
Any embodiment disclosed herein above is meant to disclose, unless otherwise indicated, all numerical ranges disclosed as being preferred, and any person skilled in the art would understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, some of the numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
If the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein to define parts, those skilled in the art will recognize that: the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one element from another in a descriptive sense and are not intended to have a special meaning unless otherwise stated.
Meanwhile, if the invention as described above discloses or relates to parts or structural members fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any technical solutions disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include approximate, similar or approximate states or shapes unless otherwise stated.
Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a can prevent not hard up unicondylar knee joint prosthesis which characterized in that, includes the thighbone prosthesis that sets gradually from top to bottom, for with the rotatory sliding fit's of thighbone prosthesis platform pad and be used for supporting the platform of platform pad and hold in the palm, thighbone prosthesis top is equipped with fixed column A and fixed column B, thighbone prosthesis and platform pad inside are equipped with matched with magnetic head and sensor module respectively.
2. The uni-condylar knee prosthesis capable of preventing loosening according to claim 1 wherein the upper surface of the femoral prosthesis is a second arc-shaped surface, the lower surface of the femoral prosthesis is a first arc-shaped surface, and the upper surface of the platform pad is a concave spherical surface which fits the first arc-shaped surface so that the second arc-shaped surface is kept in close contact with the concave spherical surface throughout the movement.
3. The anti-loosening unicondylar knee prosthesis of claim 2, wherein the magnetic head is located within the femoral prosthesis, the sensor module is located within the platform pad, the magnet and sensor module are axially parallel and aligned normal to each other, and the sensor module comprises a linear hall sensor, a single-chip microcomputer, a power supply device, and a bluetooth sensor.
4. The uni-condylar knee joint prosthesis capable of preventing looseness according to claim 1, wherein the platform support comprises a platform plate and a backup plate located on the upper side portion of the platform plate, a fixing plate is arranged below the platform plate, the width of the fixing plate is reduced from top to bottom in sequence, a through hole is formed in the fixing plate, and the backup plate is provided with at least two threaded holes for a positioning piece to penetrate through and fix the platform pad on the platform support.
5. The anti-loosening unicondylar knee prosthesis of claim 2, wherein the anchoring post A and the anchoring post B are located on a center line of the second arc-shaped surface, an axis of the anchoring post A is perpendicular to the second arc-shaped surface, and an axis of the anchoring post B is parallel to an axis of the anchoring post A.
6. The unidirectional knee joint prosthesis capable of preventing looseness according to claim 2, wherein the diameter and the height of the fixing column A are larger than those of the fixing column B, conical round tables are arranged at the upper ends of the fixing column A and the fixing column B, and the diameters of the conical round tables are reduced from top to bottom in sequence.
7. The uni-condylar knee prosthesis of claim 1 where the external surfaces of the fixation post a, fixation post B, platform plate and fixation plate are provided with a bioactive coating.
8. A method of operating a loosening-preventive unicondylar knee prosthesis according to claim 3, comprising the steps of: installing a unicondylar knee joint prosthesis, wherein the femoral prosthesis and the platform support are respectively used for being connected with the bone tissue of a human body; after the prosthesis is installed, the first arc-shaped surface of the femoral prosthesis is matched with the concave spherical surface of the platform pad, so that the normal movement of the knee joint of the human body is realized; testing and recording the displacement range of the human knee joint under normal movement, and setting the normal displacement range for the sensor module; when the femoral prosthesis is loosened and deviation generated by the loosening is separated from a preset range, the sensor module detects and sends a current signal to the rear-stage equipment, the single chip microcomputer gives an instruction to enable the Bluetooth sensor to send a signal, people can sense the loosening degree in time through the external equipment, and effective measures are taken to prevent the loosening of the femoral prosthesis.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110045559.6A CN112674913B (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | Unicondylar knee joint prosthesis capable of preventing looseness and working method thereof |
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| CN202110045559.6A CN112674913B (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | Unicondylar knee joint prosthesis capable of preventing looseness and working method thereof |
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| CN112674913A true CN112674913A (en) | 2021-04-20 |
| CN112674913B CN112674913B (en) | 2021-11-26 |
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