CN112674841A

CN112674841A - Pelvis fracture reduction forceps

Info

Publication number: CN112674841A
Application number: CN202011561235.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 侯志勇; 张英泽
Original assignee: Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Double Medical Technology Inc
Current assignee: Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Double Medical Technology Inc
Priority date: 2020-12-25
Filing date: 2020-12-25
Publication date: 2021-04-20

Abstract

The invention provides a pair of pelvis fracture reduction forceps, the main body of which is the reduction forceps, and the end part of the upper forceps head of the reduction forceps is an upper grasping structure which is grasped by single-point or multi-point contact; the end part of the lower forceps head of the reduction forceps is a lower grasping structure which can grasp by multi-point contact or surface contact. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. according to the condition of pelvic fracture, the proper reduction forceps are selected, and a good reduction effect can be achieved. 2. The combined grasping mode of point contact and surface contact, wherein the grasping mode of point contact (tooth grasping) can firmly hold the fracture block in the operation and prevent slippage; and the surface contact (square patch) grabs the mode and is great with the bone face area of contact, to smashing or the great fracture piece of aversion, has better centre gripping effect, and it is effectual to reset.

Description

Pelvis fracture reduction forceps

Technical Field

The invention relates to universal pelvis fracture reduction forceps for pelvis fracture surgery.

Background

Acetabular fractures belong to intra-articular fractures, and for intra-articular fractures, it is an object to accurately reestablish the joint itself. Reconstruction of anatomical relationships provides the best opportunity for ideal functional recovery, and should be selected rather than "acceptable deformities". Displaced acetabular fractures often result in disability and post-traumatic arthritis if they are accurately reduced without Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF). For orthopaedics, fracture of acetabulum poses some of the most difficult technical problems,

these difficulties include: (1) correct judgment of fracture type; (2) selecting a surgical approach; (3) performing some specific necessary surgical procedures; (4) satisfactory repositioning and fixation is obtained.

The anatomy of the human pelvis and acetabulum is complex, and many different types of displacement can be generated according to the injury mechanism. Due to the large number of muscle attachments in different directions around the pelvis, surgical exposure and fracture reduction are difficult, especially for old, altered fractures. The pelvis and acetabulum fracture is treated clinically, and the quality of reduction is the key of treatment. The timing of the operation reduction, the fracture reduction method, whether the fixation is stable and the reduction effect of the fracture directly influence the early functional exercise of the patient after the operation and the recovery of the hip joint function of the patient, and bring great influence on whether traumatic arthritis and joint stiffness appear in the future. This requires precise and careful reduction by the operator, in order to avoid trauma to the surrounding soft tissue as much as possible.

The pelvis reduction forceps clinically used at present are divided into double-jaw, three-jaw, straight-head and elbow reduction forceps according to the shapes of the heads. The reduction forceps have the advantages that the forceps body is wide and large, the anterior column and the posterior column of the acetabulum cannot be simultaneously reduced and fixed in a small incision, and muscle nerve traction is easily caused; the punctiform pincers that reset relatively the pelvis fracture resets betterly, but the acetabulum is because the position is darker and anatomical structure is irregular, and inconvenient suitable fixed point of finding in the art, and to smashing or the great fracture piece of aversion, can't give effectual centre gripping, cause easily that to reset and lose.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the pelvis fracture reduction forceps are designed according to the characteristics and the anatomical structure of the pelvis, and can effectively reduce the problems in the pelvis operation.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a pelvis fracture reduction forceps which comprises: the main body of the reduction forceps is reduction forceps, and the end part of the upper forceps head of the reduction forceps is an upper grasping structure which is used for grasping by single-point or multi-point contact; the end part of the lower forceps head of the reduction forceps is a lower grasping structure which can grasp by multi-point contact or surface contact.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the condition of pelvic fracture, the proper reduction forceps are selected, and a good reduction effect can be achieved.

2. The combined grasping mode of point contact and surface contact, wherein the grasping mode of point contact (tooth grasping) can firmly hold the fracture block in the operation and prevent slippage; and the surface contact (square patch) grabs the mode and is great with the bone face area of contact, to smashing or the great fracture piece of aversion, has better centre gripping effect, and it is effectual to reset.

3. The point contact and point contact combined grasping mode has good grasping force, and can firmly clamp the fracture block in the operation to prevent slippage.

4. Straight reduction forceps and bent reduction forceps are matched, and the head part adopts the anatomical design of fitting the pelvis; the formed radian type design is specially designed for different pelvis fractures and surgical approaches, and is suitable for pelvis and acetabulum anatomical structures; reduction of the fracture can be achieved intraoperatively without the need for extensive retraction exposure.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a reduction forceps of embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of reduction forceps of the bending type according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a disassembled and assembled coupling structure of a square socket and a spherical coupling part in embodiment 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the reduction forceps of embodiment 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of reduction forceps of the bending type according to embodiment 3;

description of reference numerals: 1-reduction forceps, 11-threaded rod, 21-square connecting part, 22-sharp tooth, 23-first square patch, 31-spherical connecting part, 32-second sharp tooth, 34-square sleeve joint, 35-third sharp tooth, 41-fourth sharp tooth and 42-fifth sharp tooth.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following description of the drawings:

as shown in fig. 1-4: the pelvis fracture reduction forceps comprise a main body of reduction forceps 1, wherein the end part of an upper forceps head of the reduction forceps 1 is an upper grasping structure which is grasped by single-point or multi-point contact; the lower jaw end of the reduction forceps 1 is a lower grasping structure for grasping in multi-point contact or surface contact.

According to the specific structure of the upper holding structure and the lower holding structure, the following 4 embodiments are derived by the invention:

example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2: the upper gripping structure comprises a square connecting part 21 and four first pointed teeth 22 arranged on the square connecting part 21; the lower gripping structure is a first square patch 23 that fits the bone block in the four regions.

The end part of the upper forceps head is a square connecting part with four first sharp teeth, so that the forceps has good gripping force, and can stably clamp a fracture block in an operation to prevent slippage; go up jaw end portion for the first square paster 3 of laminating four directions district's bone piece, it is great with the bone area of contact, to smashing or the great fracture piece that shifts, have better centre gripping effect, it is effectual to reset. The bone block in the tetragonal region can be well fixed by the structure of the embodiment 1, the forceps body spans the arch line and avoids the iliocostalis, the bone block at the position of the iliac fossa can be well grasped by the first sharp teeth, and the bone block floating in the arch line region and the tetragonal region can be well combined and reset aiming at the central dislocation fracture.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 3: the upper gripping structure comprises a spherical connecting part 31 and second pointed teeth 32 arranged on the spherical connecting part 31; the lower grasping structure is a second square patch attached to a square bone block.

Wherein the upper gripping structure further comprises a square socket 34 and four third tines 35 arranged on the square socket 34; the square socket joint 34 is detachably connected with the spherical connecting part 31.

The use mode of the device is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, the spherical connecting part 31 with the second sharp teeth 32 is adopted as the upper gripping structure, the square sleeve joint 34 with the four third sharp teeth 35 is matched, when the square sleeve joint 34 is connected with the spherical connecting part 31, the specific structure of the device is completely the same as that of the embodiment 1, and when the square sleeve joint 34 with the four third sharp teeth 35 is removed, the spherical connecting part 31 with the second sharp teeth 32 is adopted as the upper gripping structure.

It should be noted that the rear end of the square socket joint 34 is provided with a cavity for accommodating the second sharp tooth 32 and the spherical connecting part, the opening of the cavity is slightly smaller than the maximum cross section of the spherical connecting part, and the opening is made of elastic materials such as silica gel and rubber, and the square socket joint 34 can be butted or disassembled with the spherical connecting part by applying a certain acting force; meanwhile, the slipping between the two can be avoided, and the influence on the use of the square socket joint 34 can be avoided.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 4 and 5: the upper gripping structure comprises four fourth tines 41 attached to the end of the upper jaw; the upper gripping structure includes four fifth tines 42 attached to the end of the lower jaw.

The end part of the upper forceps head and the end part of the lower forceps head both adopt a four-claw sharp tooth structure, so that the reduction forceps has good grasping force, and can stably clamp a fracture block in an operation to prevent slippage.

When the bending reduction forceps are used specifically, the four-side fracture block can be fixed from the rear, the forceps head is designed with low incisura, and the sciatic nerve can be effectively avoided.

Example 4

On the basis of the embodiments 1-3, the reduction forceps 1 are straight reduction forceps; the inner contour of the forceps head of the straight reduction forceps is designed for the anatomy of the joint tetragonal region and the anterior superior iliac spine.

The straight reduction forceps are of the existing structure, and the inner contour of the forceps head of the straight reduction forceps is designed according to the design, so that the inner contour of the forceps head of the straight reduction forceps is designed to fit a tetragonal region and the dissection of the anterior superior iliac spine.

Example 4 with reference to example 3, when the present invention is used specifically, the upper forceps head of the straight reduction forceps can be fixed on the anterior superior iliac spine to bypass the neuromuscular tissues such as ilio-lumbar muscles and ilio-osseous nerves, and the lower forceps head can be fixed on the tetragonal region to reduce the bone fracture block in the tetragonal region by leverage.

In general terms, it is particularly suitable for fractures of irregular pelvic acetabular anatomy.

Example 5

On the basis of the embodiments 1-3, the reduction forceps 1 are bent reduction forceps; the inner contour of the forceps head of the bent reduction forceps is designed to fit with the sciatic greater notch and the anterior-inferior iliac spine.

The design concept of the invention is the same as that of the embodiment 4, and the invention designs the inner contour of the forceps head during the design, so that the inner contour of the forceps head of the bent reduction forceps is designed to fit with the sciatic greater notch and the anterior-inferior iliac spine.

Embodiment 5 in combination with embodiment 3, when the present invention is used, the bending reduction forceps can fix the four-side fracture from the rear, and the forceps head is designed with a low incisura, so as to effectively avoid the sciatic nerve.

In summary, the use of curved reduction forceps facilitates the fixation of deeper and less visible fracture areas.

It can be seen from the design of examples 4 and 5

Two forceps handles of the reduction forceps 1 are provided with threaded rods 11. The position and the connection mode of the threaded rod refer to the structure of the existing reduction forceps, so that the temporary fixation can be realized by screwing the nut after the reduction is finished, and the reduction loss in the operation is prevented. The specific connection mode and structure of the threaded rod 11 will not be described.

While the invention has been illustrated and described with respect to specific embodiments and alternatives thereof, it will be understood that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is understood, therefore, that the invention is not to be in any way limited except by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a pelvis fracture pincers that reset which characterized in that: the main body of the reduction forceps is a reduction forceps (1), and the end part of the upper forceps head of the reduction forceps (1) is an upper grasping structure which is grasped by single-point or multi-point contact; the end part of the lower forceps head of the reduction forceps (1) is a lower grasping structure for grasping by multi-point contact or surface contact.

2. The pelvic fracture reduction forceps of claim 1, wherein: the upper gripping structure comprises a square connecting part (21) and four first sharp teeth (22) arranged on the square connecting part (21); the lower gripping structure is a first square patch (23) which is attached to a bone block in a square area.

3. The pelvic fracture reduction forceps of claim 1, wherein: the upper gripping structure comprises a spherical connecting part (31) and second sharp teeth (32) arranged on the spherical connecting part (31); the lower grasping structure is a second square patch attached to a square bone block.

4. The pelvic fracture reduction forceps of claim 3, wherein: the upper gripping structure further comprises a square sleeve joint (34) and four third sharp teeth (35) arranged on the square sleeve joint (34); the square socket joint (34) is connected with the spherical connecting part (31) in a detachable mode.

5. The pelvic fracture reduction forceps of claim 1, wherein: the upper gripping structure comprises four fourth tines (41) attached to the end of the upper jaw; the upper gripping structure includes four fifth tines (42) attached to the end of the lower jaw.

6. The pelvic fracture reduction forceps of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the reduction forceps (1) are straight reduction forceps; the inner contour of the forceps head of the straight reduction forceps is designed for the anatomy of the joint tetragonal region and the anterior superior iliac spine.

7. The pelvic fracture reduction forceps of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the reduction forceps (1) are bent reduction forceps; the inner contour of the forceps head of the bent reduction forceps is designed to fit with the sciatic greater notch and the anterior-inferior iliac spine.

8. The pelvic fracture reduction forceps of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: two forceps handles of the reduction forceps (1) are provided with threaded rods (11).