CN112674024A - Diameter-increasing filtering device and method for suspended matters in mariculture - Google Patents
Diameter-increasing filtering device and method for suspended matters in mariculture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture engineering, and particularly relates to a diameter-increasing filtering device and method for suspended matters in mariculture. The method comprises the following steps: the electronic controller, and an electric flocculation reactor, a coagulation stabilizer and a micro-filter which are connected with the electronic controller; the electric flocculation reactor is provided with an electric flocculation reactor water inlet and a water outlet pipeline, and the water outlet pipeline of the electric flocculation reactor is connected to the coagulation stabilizer and is used for diameter increasing treatment of suspended matters in the aquaculture water body; one side of the coagulation stabilizer is connected with the electric flocculation reaction system, and the other side of the coagulation stabilizer is provided with a pipeline connected with a microfiltration control system so as to carry out aeration treatment on suspended matters in the aquaculture water body; the micro-filter is used for physically filtering suspended matters in the aquaculture water body; and the electronic controller is used for controlling the coagulation stabilizer to work to realize aeration treatment of suspended matters in the aquaculture water body. The invention increases the particle size of suspended matters by an electric flocculation technology, and can improve the removal efficiency of the suspended matters in the aquaculture water body under the condition of not changing the filtering pore size of the original filtering equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture engineering, and particularly relates to a diameter-increasing filtering device and method for suspended matters in mariculture.
Background
A large amount of residual baits and excrement can be generated in the process of circulating water culture, and the residual baits and the excrement are removed mainly by a physical filtration mode. At present, common physical filtering equipment in a recirculating aquaculture system mainly comprises a micro-filter, a high-speed filtering sand cylinder, a curved screen, a precise filter and the like, wherein a rotary drum type micro-filter is favored by the advantages of strong processing capacity, small floor area, strong adaptability, small head loss and the like. The physical filtration is used as the first step of the water treatment process of the recirculating aquaculture system, and the treatment capacity of the physical filtration determines the scale and energy consumption of subsequent water treatment units. The smaller the filter pore size of the drum type microfilter, the higher the removal efficiency of suspended substances. However, in order to ensure smooth circulation of the water body in the process of recirculating aquaculture, the method is limited by conditions such as process and cost, and the removal efficiency of suspended matters cannot be improved by continuously reducing the filter pore size of the filter equipment. At present, the most commonly used filter mesh of the rotary drum micro-filter is 200 meshes to 260 meshes.
The particle size of suspended matters in the water body is increased, the treatment efficiency is improved on the basis of not changing the filtration precision of the original equipment, and the filtration pretreatment level of the recirculating aquaculture system can be further improved. In the traditional method, aluminum salt or ferric salt can be added in front of the filtering equipment to increase the particle size of suspended matters in water, so that the treatment capacity of subsequent filtering equipment is improved. However, chemical flocculation has the disadvantages of complex operation, difficult control, high sludge yield, easy secondary pollution and the like. The electric flocculation technology attracts people's attention as a green and environment-friendly water treatment technology.
The Chinese patent invention with the patent number CN105668720A, which is disclosed in 2016, 6, 15, discloses a water treatment method and a device for synchronously performing electric flocculation and filtration; the sewage in the device flows into the filter pipe after the electric flocculation treatment, and the filtering process is finished by pumping pressure into the filter pipe. A Chinese utility model patent with patent number CN207227240U, which is disclosed in 2018, 4, month 13, discloses a device for treating high-concentration organic wastewater by an electrocoagulation method; after the sewage is treated by the electric flocculation in the device, suspended matters in a water body are naturally settled and removed in a primary sedimentation tank, and the device has large floor area and is not suitable for an industrial recirculating aquaculture system. A Chinese utility model patent with patent number CN210481103U, which is disclosed in 5, 8 and 2020, discloses a wastewater purification treatment system based on an electric flocculation technology; the device adopts an inclined plate sedimentation method to carry out solid-liquid separation after the sewage is subjected to the electric flocculation treatment, and has the problems of uneven distribution of inlet and outlet water, easy dirt accumulation and the like although the solid-liquid separation effect of the water body is good. A chinese utility model patent No. CN210683305U, which was published in 6/5/2020, discloses an industrial wastewater treatment apparatus using an electrocoagulation method; the sewage in the device is naturally settled in the device after being treated by the electric flocculation device to realize solid-liquid separation, the internal part of the device is not provided with a uniform mixing device to reduce the flocculation efficiency, the buffer capacity is relatively weak, the water treatment capacity is small, and the device is not suitable for an industrial recirculating aquaculture system. The Chinese invention patent with the patent number CN111392927A, which is disclosed in 7, 10 and 2020, discloses a domestic wastewater treatment method based on an electric flocculation method and a device thereof; the device filters domestic sewage through an aeration flat ceramic membrane after the domestic sewage is treated by electric flocculation, and filters the domestic sewage through a precision filter after disinfection; the device can better handle domestic sewage, but it adopts intermittent type formula processing, and the continuity is not strong, is not suitable for the water continuous circulation flow's batch production recirculating aquaculture. In addition, the output current of the electric flocculation reactor in the patent can not be regulated and controlled according to the amount of pollutants in actual sewage in the operation process, and unnecessary electric energy loss is easily caused. Therefore, the suspended matter diameter-increasing filtering device which is high in automation degree and suitable for the circulating water culture system is developed, and the device has important significance for optimizing the circulating water culture environment and reducing the system operation energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a diameter-increasing filtering device and method for suspended matters in mariculture, and the device has the advantages of wide identification range, high working speed, convenience in installation and good bird repelling effect.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: a diameter-increasing filter device for suspended substances in mariculture comprises: the electronic controller, and an electric flocculation reactor, a coagulation stabilizer and a micro-filter which are connected with the electronic controller;
the electric flocculation reactor is provided with an electric flocculation reactor water inlet and a water outlet pipeline, and the water outlet pipeline of the electric flocculation reactor is connected to the coagulation stabilizer and is used for diameter increasing treatment of suspended matters of the aquaculture water body passing through the electric flocculation reactor water inlet;
one side of the coagulation stabilizer is connected with the electric flocculation reaction system, and the other side of the coagulation stabilizer is provided with a pipeline connected with a microfiltration control system so as to carry out aeration treatment on suspended matters in the aquaculture water body after diameter increasing treatment;
the micro-filter is used for setting the back washing frequency to physically filter suspended matters in the aquaculture water body;
and the electronic controller is used for adjusting the current output of the electrocoagulation reactor in real time according to the backwashing frequency of the microfiltration machine and controlling the coagulation stabilizer to work so as to realize aeration treatment of suspended matters in the aquaculture water body.
The electrocoagulation reactor comprises: the device comprises a direct current stabilized power supply, a current regulator, a current direction converter, an electric flocculation reactor water inlet, an electrode plate, a partition plate and a water outlet device;
the current regulator is connected with the electronic controller, one output end of the direct current stabilized power supply is connected with the current direction converter through the current regulator, and the other output end of the direct current stabilized power supply is directly connected with the current direction converter; the electric flocculation reactor is provided with an electric flocculation reactor water inlet which is arranged on the outer wall of the electric flocculation reactor at the top of the corresponding electrode plate;
the utility model discloses a current direction converter, including the electric flocculation reactor, baffle horizontal installation and electric flocculation reactor, the baffle has a plurality of plate electrodes on the wire of current direction converter output, the plate electrode is located perpendicularly on the baffle in the electric flocculation reactor, in baffle horizontal installation and the electric flocculation reactor, just the baffle has a water installation, and the water installation is connected with the stabilizer that congeals to the suspended solid that supplies to breed the water gets into the stabilizer that congeals after increasing the footpath and handles and handle on next step.
The electrode plate is an aluminum electrode plate; the electrode plates are equally spaced.
The coagulation stabilizer includes: the device comprises a device shell, a separation sewage draining outlet, a spraying device, a water distribution port and a jet pump;
the device shell is a cover-free device shell, a separated sewage draining outlet and a sewage draining outlet are arranged on the outer wall of the device shell, and the sewage draining outlet is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the device shell and can be used for allowing sediments at the bottom of the device to flow out; the separation sewage draining outlet is arranged at the middle upper part of the outer wall so as to enable generated foam to flow out;
the jet pump is arranged on the ground on one side of the outer wall of the device shell and is connected with the electronic controller, and the output power of the jet pump is controlled by the electronic controller; a water outlet pipe of the jet pump is inserted into the device shell, and a water distribution port is arranged at the tail end of the water outlet pipe for uniformly distributing water;
the device is characterized in that a spraying pipeline is connected to a water outlet pipe of the jet pump outside the device shell, the spraying pipeline is connected with a spraying device, and the spraying device is arranged above the uncovered top of the device shell so as to clean foam generated in the device shell.
The water outlet pipe of the jet pump is also provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is connected with an electronic controller and is used for controlling the spraying of the spraying device;
and an air inlet pipe is arranged on a spraying pipeline between the electromagnetic valve and the water outlet pipe of the jet pump and used for generating water-gas mixed liquid by the jet pump to create a micro-aeration environment for the coagulation stabilizer.
The micro-filter includes: the device comprises a transmission motor, a water level gauge, a back flush pump, a back flush sprayer dirt collecting device and a micro-filter screen;
the backwashing pump, the transmission motor and the water level meter are respectively connected with the electronic controller;
the transmission motor is connected with the transmission roller at one side of the filter screen of the micro-filter through a transmission chain so as to drive the filter screen of the micro-filter to rotate along the axial direction of the transmission roller;
the water level meter and the sewage collecting device of the back flush sprayer are arranged at the middle upper part of a filter screen of the micro-filter;
and an output pipeline of the back flush pump is connected with the back flush sprayer dirt collecting device so as to flush dirt on the filter screen of the micro-filter, enter the back flush sprayer dirt collecting device and be discharged from the back flush sprayer dirt collecting device.
The filter screen of the micro-filter is a roller type filter screen.
A diameter-increasing filtering method for suspended substances in mariculture comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the effluent of the culture pond enters the electric flocculation reactor through a water inlet of the electric flocculation reactor, and suspended matters in the culture water body are subjected to diameter increasing treatment for 5min in the electric flocculation reactor under the control of the electric flocculation reactor;
step two: the aquaculture water body enters a coagulation stabilizer to maintain a micro-aeration state, and the electronic controller adjusts the opening frequency of the electromagnetic valve and the output power of the jet pump;
the aquaculture water body after the diameter increasing treatment of the electric flocculation reactor enters the coagulation stabilizer through a pipeline, and suspended matter flocs in the aquaculture water body are subjected to stabilization treatment in a micro-aeration environment of the coagulation stabilizer for a set time;
the foam generated by the coagulation stabilizer is concentrated on the top of the coagulation stabilizer, and is discharged from a separation sewage outlet after being treated by a spraying device;
step three: after the aquaculture water is treated by the electric flocculation reactor and the coagulation stabilizer, suspended matters are filtered and removed by the micro-filter.
The step one is controlled by the electric flocculation reactor, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the power supply of the electric flocculation reactor adopts a direct current stabilized voltage power supply, the direct current stabilized voltage power supply and the electrode plate are connected with the current direction controller, and the current direction controller is utilized to periodically reverse the current of the electric flocculation reactor. The effect of alternating current is achieved through current periodic commutation so as to relieve the passivation of the electrode plate, and the current commutation period is controlled within set time.
The third step is specifically as follows:
the back washing frequency of the micro-filter is uploaded to the electronic controller, and the electronic controller controls the current regulator to regulate the current of the electric flocculation reactor so as to realize the automatic control of the electric flocculation reactor and the micro-filter.
The invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:
1. the invention aims at the mariculture water body rich in suspended matters, establishes a diameter-increasing filtering device and method for the suspended matters in mariculture, and has better removal effect on the suspended matters in the water body: the removal efficiency of the total suspended matters is more than 60 percent.
2. The invention increases the particle size of suspended matters by an electric flocculation technology, and can improve the removal efficiency of the suspended matters in the aquaculture water body under the condition of not changing the filtering pore size of the original filtering equipment.
3. The invention combines the electrochemical water treatment technology and the physical filtration technology, and has the advantages of small occupied area, easy operation, high automation degree and the like.
4. The invention utilizes the back-washing frequency of the micro-filter to feed back and control the current regulator of the electric flocculation reactor, determines the output current of the electric flocculation reactor according to the amount of suspended matters in the water body and reduces the operation energy consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
the system comprises a direct current stabilized power supply 1, a current regulator 2, a current direction converter 3, an electrocoagulation reactor water inlet 4, an electrode plate 5, a partition plate 6, an electrocoagulation reactor 7, a coagulation stabilizer separation sewage outlet 8, a coagulation stabilizer sewage outlet 9, a spraying device 10, a coagulation stabilizer 11, a water distribution port 12, an electromagnetic valve 13, a jet pump 14, an air inlet 15, a controller 16, a water level meter 17, a backwash pump 18, a transmission motor 19, a backwash spraying and sewage collecting device 20, a transmission chain 21, a microfilter filter screen 22 and a microfilter 23.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as modified in the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention, includes: an electronic controller 16, and an electric flocculation reactor 7, a coagulation stabilizer 11 and a micro-filter 23 connected with the electronic controller;
the electric flocculation reactor 7 is provided with an electric flocculation reactor water inlet 4 and a water outlet pipeline, and the water outlet pipeline of the electric flocculation reactor 7 is connected with a coagulation stabilizer 11. The electric flocculation reactor 7 is used for increasing the diameter of suspended matters in the aquaculture water flowing in through the water inlet 4 of the electric flocculation reactor;
one side of the coagulation stabilizer 11 is connected with the electric flocculation reactor 7, and the other side is provided with a pipeline connected with a micro-filter 23 so as to carry out micro-aeration stabilization treatment on suspended matter flocs in the aquaculture water body after diameter increasing treatment;
the micro-filter 23 is a rotary drum micro-filter, and the mesh of the filter screen 22 of the micro-filter is 240-260 meshes; used for physically filtering suspended matters in the aquaculture water body after being treated by the electric flocculation reactor 7 and the coagulation stabilizer 11;
and the electronic controller 16 is used for adjusting the current output of the electric flocculation reactor 7 in real time according to the back washing frequency of the micro-filter 23 and controlling the coagulation stabilizer 11 to work so as to realize aeration treatment on suspended matters in the aquaculture water body.
The electrocoagulation reactor 7 includes: the device comprises a direct current stabilized power supply 1, a current regulator 2, a current direction converter 3, an electric flocculation reactor water inlet 4, an electrode plate 5, a partition plate 6 and a water outlet device;
the current regulator 2 is connected with the electronic controller 16, one output end of the direct current stabilized power supply 1 is connected with the current direction converter 3 through the current regulator 2, and the other output end of the direct current stabilized power supply is directly connected with the current direction converter 3; an electric flocculation reactor water inlet 4 is arranged on the electric flocculation reactor 7, and the electric flocculation reactor water inlet 4 is arranged on the outer wall of the electric flocculation reactor 7 corresponding to the top of the electrode plate 5;
connect on the wire of 3 output ends of current direction converter the electrode plate 5, electrode plate 5 is located perpendicularly in the electric flocculation reactor 7 on the baffle 6, 6 horizontal installation of baffle in the electric flocculation reactor 7, just baffle 6 has a water discharging equipment, water discharging equipment with the stabilizer 11 that congeals is connected to the support water body gets into after increasing the footpath the stabilizer 11 that congeals carries out processing on next step.
The electrode plates 5 are aluminum electrode plates which are connected in parallel; the electrode plates 5 are equally spaced.
A coagulation stabilizer 11 comprising: the device comprises a device shell, a separation sewage draining outlet 8, a sewage draining outlet 9, a spraying device 10, a water distribution port 12 and a jet pump 14;
the device shell is a cover-free device shell, a separated sewage draining outlet 8 and a sewage draining outlet 9 are arranged on the outer wall of the device shell, and the sewage draining outlet 9 is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the device shell and can be used for allowing sediments at the bottom of the device to flow out; the separation sewage draining outlet 8 is arranged at the middle upper part of the outer wall of the device shell so as to enable generated foam to flow out;
the jet pump 14 is arranged on the ground on one side of the outer wall of the device shell, is connected with the electronic controller 16, and controls the output power of the jet pump 14 through the electronic controller 16; a water pipe of a jet pump 14 is inserted into the device shell, and a water distribution port 12 is arranged at the tail end of a water outlet pipe for uniformly distributing water;
the spray pipe is connected to the water pipe of the jet pump 14 outside the device shell, the spray pipe is connected to the spray device 10, and the spray device 10 is arranged above the uncovered top of the device shell so as to clean foam generated in the device shell.
The pipeline of the jet pump 14 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 13, and the electromagnetic valve 13 is connected with an electronic controller 16 and is used for carrying out spraying control on the spraying device 10;
an air inlet pipe 15 is arranged on a spraying pipeline between the electromagnetic valve 13 and the water outlet pipe of the jet pump 14 and is used for generating water-gas mixed liquid by the jet pump 14 to create a micro-aeration environment for the coagulation stabilizer 11;
the micro filter 23 includes: a transmission motor 19, a water level gauge 17, a back washing pump 18, a back washing spraying and dirt collecting device 20 and a micro-filter screen 22;
the backwashing pump 18, the transmission motor 19 and the water level meter 17 are respectively connected with the electronic controller 16;
the transmission motor 19 is connected with the transmission roller at one side of the filter screen 21 of the micro-filter through the transmission chain 21 so as to drive the filter screen 22 of the micro-filter to rotate along the axial direction of the transmission roller;
the water level gauge 17 and the back flush spraying and dirt collecting device 20 are arranged at the middle upper part of a filter screen 22 of the micro-filter;
the outlet line of the backwash pump 18 is connected to the backwash spray and dirt collection device 20 in order to flush out dirt from the filter screens 22 of the microfilter into the backwash spray and dirt collection device 20 and out of the backwash spray and dirt collection device 20.
The micro-filter screen 22 is a drum type screen.
The specific implementation mode of the invention is the diameter-increasing filtering process of the effluent of the culture pond of the vannamei prawn circulating water culture system. The salinity of the aquaculture water body in the system is 15, the conductivity is about 36.35 mu S/cm, and the concentrations of initial total suspended matters, chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and total phosphorus are 41.66mg/L, 12.41mg/L, 18.46mg/L and 1.86mg/L respectively.
After flowing out of the culture pond, a culture water body of the recirculating aquaculture system enters an electric flocculation reactor 7, an aluminum electrode is adopted as an electrode plate 5 of the electric flocculation reactor 7, the voltage is 2-3V, the current density is 30-35A/m 2, the distance between the electrode plates 5 is 1.5cm, the current reversing period is 30s, and the hydraulic retention time is about 5 min. The suspended matters in the aquaculture water body increase the particle size under the action of electric flocculation, wherein the particle size can be increased by more than 40 percent (calculated according to D50).
The aquaculture water body after the treatment of the electric flocculation reactor 7 enters the coagulation stabilizer 11 for further mixing flocculation, the flocculated and adsorbed suspended matters tend to be stable through the micro-aeration environment inside the coagulation stabilizer 11, and the hydraulic retention time is 5 min. Micro-aeration can generate air flotation effect, and small particles float on the surface of the coagulation device and are removed by a separation device.
The particle size of the suspended matters in the aquaculture water after being treated by the electric flocculation reactor 7 and the coagulation stabilizer 11 is increased by more than 50 percent (calculated according to D50). The water body is treated by the 260-mesh rotary drum type microfiltration machine 23, the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and total phosphorus of suspended matters are respectively 62%, 35%, 39% and 60%, and the water inlet load of a subsequent water treatment unit is greatly reduced.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, extension, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A diameter-increasing filter device for suspended substances in mariculture is characterized by comprising: an electronic controller (16), and an electric flocculation reactor (7), a coagulation stabilizer (11) and a micro-filter (23) which are connected with the electronic controller;
the electric flocculation reactor (7) is provided with an electric flocculation reactor water inlet (4) and a water outlet pipeline, and the water outlet pipeline of the electric flocculation reactor (7) is connected to the coagulation stabilizer (11) and is used for diameter increasing treatment of suspended matters in the aquaculture water body passing through the electric flocculation reactor water inlet;
one side of the coagulation stabilizer (11) is connected with the electric flocculation reaction system, and the other side is provided with a pipeline connected with a microfiltration control system so as to carry out aeration treatment on suspended matters in the aquaculture water body after diameter increasing treatment;
the micro-filter (23) is used for setting a back-washing frequency to physically filter suspended matters in the aquaculture water body;
and the electronic controller (16) is used for adjusting the current output of the electrocoagulation reactor (7) in real time according to the backwashing frequency of the micro-filter (23) and controlling the coagulation stabilizer (11) to work so as to realize aeration treatment of suspended matters in the aquaculture water body.
2. The diameter-increasing filtration device for suspended substances in mariculture according to claim 1, wherein the electric flocculation reactor (7) comprises: the device comprises a direct current stabilized power supply (1), a current regulator (2), a current direction converter (3), an electric flocculation reactor water inlet (4), an electrode plate (5), a partition plate (6) and a water outlet device;
the current regulator (2) is connected with the electronic controller (16), one output end of the direct current stabilized power supply (1) is connected with the current direction converter (3) through the current regulator (2), and the other output end of the direct current stabilized power supply is directly connected with the current direction converter (3); an electric flocculation reactor water inlet (4) is formed in the electric flocculation reactor (7), and the electric flocculation reactor water inlet (4) is formed in the outer wall of the electric flocculation reactor (7) at the top of the corresponding electrode plate (5);
the utility model discloses a current direction converter (3) is characterized in that it has a plurality of electrode boards (5) to connect in parallel on the wire of output of current direction converter (3), on baffle (6) in electric flocculation reactor (7) are located perpendicularly to electrode board (5), in baffle (6) horizontal installation and electric flocculation reactor (7), just baffle (6) have a water installation, and go out the water installation and be connected with coagulating stabilizer (11) to the suspended solid that supplies to breed the water gets into coagulating stabilizer (11) after increasing the footpath and handles and carry out processing on next step.
3. The diameter-increasing filter device for the suspended substances in the mariculture according to claim 2, wherein the electrode plate (5) is an aluminum electrode plate; the electrode plates are equally spaced.
4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coagulation stabilizer comprises: the device comprises a device shell, a separation sewage draining outlet (8), a sewage draining outlet (9), a spraying device (10), a water distribution port (12) and a jet pump (14);
the device shell is a cover-free device shell, a separated sewage draining outlet (8) and a sewage draining outlet (9) are arranged on the outer wall of the device shell, and the sewage draining outlet (9) is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the device shell and can be used for allowing sediments at the bottom of the device to flow out; the separation sewage draining outlet (8) is arranged at the middle upper part of the outer wall so as to enable generated foam to flow out;
the jet pump (14) is arranged on the ground on one side of the outer wall of the device shell and is connected with the electronic controller (16), and the output power of the jet pump (14) is controlled by the electronic controller (16); a water outlet pipe of the jet pump (14) is inserted into the device shell, and a water distribution port (12) is arranged at the tail end of the water outlet pipe for uniformly distributing water;
the device is characterized in that a spraying pipeline is connected to a water outlet pipe of the jet pump (14) outside the device shell, the spraying pipeline is connected with a spraying device (10), and the spraying device (10) is arranged above the uncovered top of the device shell so as to clean foam generated in the device shell.
5. The diameter-increasing filtering device for suspended substances in mariculture according to claim 4, wherein an electromagnetic valve (13) is further arranged on a water outlet pipe of the jet pump (14), and the electromagnetic valve (13) is connected with an electronic controller (16) and is used for controlling spraying of the spraying device (11);
and an air inlet pipe (15) is arranged on a spraying pipeline between the electromagnetic valve (13) and the water outlet pipe of the jet pump (14) and is used for generating water-gas mixed liquid by the jet pump (14) to create a micro-aeration environment for the coagulation stabilizer (11).
6. A device for diameter-increasing filtration of suspended substances in mariculture according to claim 1, wherein the micro-filter (23) comprises: a transmission motor (19), a water level gauge (17), a back flush pump (18), a back flush sprayer dirt collecting device (20) and a micro-filter screen (22);
the backwashing pump (18), the transmission motor (19) and the water level meter (17) are respectively connected with the electronic controller (16);
the transmission motor (19) is connected with a transmission roller at one side of the micro-filter screen (22) through a transmission chain (21) so as to drive the micro-filter screen (22) to axially rotate along the transmission roller;
the water level meter and the sewage collecting device (20) of the back flush sprayer are arranged at the middle-upper part of a filter screen (22) of the micro-filter;
an output pipeline of the back flush pump (18) is connected with a back flush sprayer dirt collecting device (20) so as to flush dirt on a filter screen (22) of the micro-filter, enter the back flush sprayer dirt collecting device (20) and be discharged from the back flush sprayer dirt collecting device (20).
7. The diameter-increasing filter device for suspended substances in mariculture as claimed in claim 6, wherein the micro-filter (22) is a roller type filter.
8. A diameter-increasing filtering method for suspended substances in mariculture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the effluent of the culture pond enters the electric flocculation reactor (7) through the water inlet (4) of the electric flocculation reactor, and the suspended matters in the culture water body are subjected to diameter increasing treatment for 5min in the electric flocculation reactor (7) under the control of the electric flocculation reactor (7);
step two: the aquaculture water body enters a coagulation stabilizer (11) to maintain a micro-aeration state, and the electronic controller (16) adjusts the opening frequency of the electromagnetic valve (13) and the output power of the jet pump (14);
the aquaculture water body after the diameter increasing treatment of the electric flocculation reactor (7) enters the coagulation stabilizer (11) through a pipeline, and suspended matter flocs in the aquaculture water body are subjected to stabilization treatment in a micro-aeration environment of the coagulation stabilizer (11) for a set time;
the foam generated by the coagulation stabilizer (11) is concentrated on the top of the coagulation stabilizer (11), and is discharged by a separation sewage outlet (8) after being treated by a spraying device (10);
step three: after the aquaculture water is treated by the electric flocculation reactor (7) and the coagulation stabilizer (11), suspended matters are filtered and removed by the micro-filter (23).
9. The method for diameter-increasing filtration of suspended substances in mariculture according to claim 8, wherein the step one is controlled by the electrocoagulation reactor (7), and comprises:
the power supply of the electric flocculation reactor (7) adopts a direct current stabilized voltage power supply (1), the direct current stabilized voltage power supply (1) is connected with the electrode plate (5) through the current direction controller (3), and the current of the electric flocculation reactor (7) is periodically reversed through the current direction controller (3). The effect of alternating current is achieved through current periodic commutation to relieve passivation of the electrode plate (5), and the current commutation period is controlled within a set time.
10. The diameter-increasing filtering method for the suspended matters in the mariculture according to claim 8, wherein the third step is specifically as follows:
the back washing frequency of the micro-filter (23) is uploaded to the electronic controller (16), and the electronic controller (16) controls the current regulator (2) to regulate the current of the electric flocculation reactor (7), so that the automatic control of the electric flocculation reactor (7) and the micro-filter (23) is realized.
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