CN112672225A - Real-time communication method and device for streaming media - Google Patents
Real-time communication method and device for streaming media Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real-time communication method and a real-time communication device for streaming media, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining a playing environment of a terminal device and determining a communication identifier of the terminal device; when the communication identifier meets a preset first condition, performing real-time streaming media communication of the terminal equipment based on a primary communication scheme; when the communication identifier does not meet the first condition, determining a corresponding secondary communication scheme according to the playing environment; performing streaming media real-time communication of the terminal equipment based on the secondary communication scheme; the compatibility problem of the streaming media communication is solved aiming at the actual characteristics of the terminal equipment; the selection of the communication scheme can be completed locally on the terminal equipment, so that the determination process of the communication scheme is simple and efficient, and data transmission is not needed; the method realizes that various terminal devices can achieve relatively ideal streaming media communication effect in a self-adaptive manner.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a real-time communication method and apparatus for streaming media.
Background
Streaming media is audio and video data that can be communicated through a network, and is widely used in the present stage. Common scenes such as live video and network conferences are implemented on the basis of streaming media.
There are many common communication modes or communication protocols for streaming media, and different communication modes have different performance requirements for terminal devices that transmit/receive streaming media. Obviously, the terminal equipment used by the user can be of different models and correspond to different performance conditions. The manner in which streaming media is communicated may vary from device to device.
Therefore, communication of streaming media must face the issues of adaptability and compatibility of the terminal devices. The prior art can not solve the compatibility problem of the streaming media communication by a simple, convenient and economic technical means aiming at the actual characteristics of the terminal equipment; and various terminal devices can not be self-adaptive to achieve relatively ideal streaming media communication effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a real-time communication method and a real-time communication device for streaming media, which are used for at least solving the technical problems in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a real-time communication method for streaming media, including:
determining a playing environment of a terminal device and determining a communication identifier of the terminal device;
when the communication identifier meets a preset first condition, performing real-time streaming media communication of the terminal equipment based on a primary communication scheme;
when the communication identifier does not meet the first condition, determining a corresponding secondary communication scheme according to the playing environment;
and carrying out the streaming media real-time communication of the terminal equipment based on the secondary communication scheme.
Preferably, the determining the playing environment of the terminal device includes:
determining that the playing environment of the terminal equipment is application program playing;
or, determining that the playing environment of the terminal equipment is browser playing.
Preferably, the communication identifier includes header information of the communication request; the primary communication scheme comprises a web instant messaging (WebRTC) communication scheme;
then, when the communication identifier satisfies a preset first condition, performing real-time streaming media communication of the terminal device based on a primary communication scheme includes:
and when the terminal equipment is determined to support the WebRTC communication scheme through the header information of the communication request, performing streaming media real-time communication of the terminal equipment based on the WebRTC communication scheme.
Preferably, when the playing environment is browser playing, and it is determined that the terminal device supports the WebRTC communication scheme through header information of the communication request, performing streaming media real-time communication of the terminal device based on the WebRTC communication scheme includes:
and when the terminal equipment supports the WebRTC communication scheme and the terminal equipment supports a corresponding video encryption protocol, performing streaming media real-time communication of the terminal equipment based on the WebRTC communication scheme.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and when the terminal equipment supports the WebRTC communication scheme and does not support the corresponding video encryption protocol, performing streaming media real-time communication of the terminal equipment based on the secondary communication scheme.
Preferably, when the communication identifier does not satisfy the first condition, the determining a corresponding secondary communication scheme according to the play environment includes:
and when the playing environment is browser playing, determining the dynamic code rate self-adaptive technology HLS communication scheme as the secondary communication scheme.
Preferably, when the communication identifier does not satisfy the first condition, the determining a corresponding secondary communication scheme according to the play environment includes:
and when the playing environment is the application program playing, determining the real-time message transmission protocol RTMP communication scheme as the secondary communication scheme.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a real-time communication device for streaming media, comprising:
the device determining module is used for determining the playing environment of the terminal device and determining the communication identifier of the terminal device;
the first communication module is used for carrying out real-time streaming media communication of the terminal equipment based on a primary communication scheme when the communication identifier meets a preset first condition;
the second communication module is used for determining a corresponding secondary communication scheme according to the playing environment when the communication identifier does not meet the first condition; and carrying out the streaming media real-time communication of the terminal equipment based on the secondary communication scheme.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the real-time communication method for streaming media according to the present invention.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising:
a processor;
a memory for storing the processor-executable instructions;
the processor is used for reading the executable instruction from the memory and executing the instruction to realize the real-time communication method of the streaming media.
Compared with the prior art, the real-time communication method and the device for the streaming media provided by the invention have the advantages that when the communication identifier meets the preset first condition, the streaming media of the terminal equipment is communicated in real time based on the primary communication scheme; when the communication identifier does not meet the first condition, performing real-time streaming media communication of the terminal equipment based on a secondary communication scheme; for a terminal supporting a first-level communication scheme, better streaming media playing experience is obtained; the playing function of the streaming media can be realized for the terminal equipment which does not support the primary communication scheme, so that the compatibility problem of the streaming media communication is solved aiming at the actual characteristics of the terminal equipment; the selection of the communication scheme can be completed locally on the terminal equipment, so that the determination process of the communication scheme is simple and efficient, and data transmission is not needed; the method realizes that various terminal devices can achieve relatively ideal streaming media communication effect in a self-adaptive manner.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a real-time communication method for streaming media according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating another real-time communication method for streaming media according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating another real-time communication method for streaming media according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a real-time communication device for streaming media according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Summary of the application
There are many communication methods or communication protocols for streaming media. Common communication means in the art include: WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication), hls (http Live streaming), rtmp (Real-Time Messaging protocol), and the like. Different communication modes can be suitable for different use scenes, and the performance requirements of terminal equipment for transmitting/receiving streaming media are different.
Obviously, the terminal equipment used by the user can be of different models and correspond to different performance conditions. The manner in which streaming media is communicated may vary from device to device. For example, in a scene where real-time performance is required to be high, such as live video or web conference, WebRTC is generally considered to be a communication method having an ideal effect. However, the performance requirement of the corresponding WebRTC for the terminal device is relatively high, and some old models of low-performance terminal devices may not support the communication mode.
This creates problems of adaptability and compatibility of the terminal equipment. If all the terminal devices adopt the WebRTC communication mode, part of the devices are inevitably unsupported, and thus the streaming media scene cannot be entered. Otherwise, if all the terminal devices adopt the HLS or RTMP communication mode with relatively poor effect, part of the high-performance communication devices cannot experience the ideal effect.
That is, the prior art can not solve the compatibility problem of the streaming media communication by a simple and economic technical means aiming at the actual characteristics of the terminal equipment; and various terminal devices can not be self-adaptive to achieve relatively ideal streaming media communication effect.
Exemplary method
Therefore, embodiments of the present invention provide a real-time communication method for streaming media, so as to solve at least the above technical problems in the prior art. The method can be applied to terminal equipment, and as shown in fig. 1, the method in the embodiment includes the following steps:
The terminal equipment can be equipment of a mobile phone, a PC and a tablet computer used by a user. The performance of different types of terminal devices is different, and the support for communication modes is also different. The purpose of the method in this embodiment is to determine a relatively ideal communication mode for the specific situation of the terminal device.
The playing environment refers to an internal software environment used when the terminal device sends/receives/plays the streaming media. In general, a terminal device can use an application or a web browser as a playback environment. That is, determining the playing environment of the terminal device in this embodiment may include: when the terminal device uses the application program to transmit/receive/play the streaming media, the playing environment of the terminal device is determined to be the application program playing. Or when the terminal device uses the web browser to transmit/receive/play the streaming media, determining the playing environment of the terminal device as browser playing.
The communication identifier in this embodiment includes header information of the communication request. In particular, it may be request header information based on an http request. It is also commonly referred to in the art as a user agent (i.e., UA, commonly referred to as user-agent).
Based on the playing environment and the communication identifier, the communication mode of the streaming media to which the terminal device is applicable can be further determined.
And 102, when the communication identifier meets a preset first condition, carrying out real-time streaming media communication of the terminal equipment based on a primary communication scheme.
Whether the communication identifier meets the first condition or not refers to whether the terminal device can support a primary communication scheme or not in the current playing environment. Whether the application program or the web browser currently used by the terminal device supports the primary communication scheme can be judged through the communication identifier (namely UA).
The first-level communication scheme is a communication mode with a higher priority in this embodiment. WebRTC is generally considered to be a communication method with a relatively ideal effect in a scene with a relatively high real-time requirement, such as live video or web conference. Therefore, the primary communication scheme in this step is the WebRTC communication scheme. That is to say, in order to ensure the best possible streaming media playing effect, in this embodiment, in the case that the communication identifier (i.e. the header information of the communication request) shows that the terminal device supports the WebRTC communication scheme, the streaming media real-time communication of the terminal device is preferentially performed based on the WebRTC communication scheme.
And 103, when the communication identifier does not meet the first condition, determining a corresponding secondary communication scheme according to the playing environment.
In contrast, when the communication identifier does not satisfy the first condition, that is, in a case where the communication identifier display terminal device does not support the WebRTC communication scheme, the second-level communication scheme, that is, the alternative with the lower priority, is further selected in this embodiment.
The secondary communication scheme may be determined according to the playback environment. Namely, when the application program is played or the browser is played, other communication schemes such as HLS, RTMP and the like which the terminal device can start to use are selected as alternatives.
And step 104, performing streaming media real-time communication of the terminal equipment based on a secondary communication scheme.
And after the secondary communication scheme is determined, the streaming media real-time communication can be realized based on the secondary communication scheme.
Therefore, in the embodiment, under the condition supported by the terminal device, the first-level communication scheme with an ideal effect can be preferentially selected to obtain better streaming media playing experience. For the terminal device which does not support the primary communication scheme, an alternative secondary communication scheme can also be adopted, so that the terminal device can still realize the playing function of the streaming media.
According to the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the embodiment are as follows: when the communication identifier meets a preset first condition, performing real-time streaming media communication of the terminal equipment based on a primary communication scheme; when the communication identifier does not meet the first condition, performing real-time streaming media communication of the terminal equipment based on a secondary communication scheme; for a terminal supporting a first-level communication scheme, better streaming media playing experience is obtained; the playing function of the streaming media can be realized for the terminal equipment which does not support the primary communication scheme, so that the compatibility problem of the streaming media communication is solved aiming at the actual characteristics of the terminal equipment; the selection of the communication scheme can be completed locally on the terminal equipment, so that the determination process of the communication scheme is simple and efficient, and data transmission is not needed; the method realizes that various terminal devices can achieve relatively ideal streaming media communication effect in a self-adaptive manner.
Fig. 1 shows only a basic embodiment of the method of the present invention, and based on this, certain optimization and expansion can be performed, and other preferred embodiments of the method can also be obtained.
Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of the method for real-time communication of streaming media according to the present invention. The present embodiment further describes a specific case where the playback environment is browser playback on the basis of the foregoing embodiment. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
The content in this step is the same as that in the previous embodiment, and the description is not repeated here.
In this embodiment, the playing environment is browser playing, which indicates that the environment is relatively open, so the security problem in the streaming media communication process should be considered. Therefore, when the communication identifier satisfies the preset first condition, it needs to further determine that the terminal device supports the corresponding video encryption protocol. In particular, the video encryption protocol may be the h.264 encryption protocol or the VP8 encryption protocol, which are well known in the art. If the terminal device supports the WebRTC communication scheme and supports the encryption protocol, the streaming media real-time communication of the terminal device can be carried out based on the WebRTC communication scheme.
And 203, when the communication identifier meets a preset first condition and the terminal equipment does not support a corresponding video encryption protocol, determining the HLS communication scheme as a secondary communication scheme.
On the contrary, if the terminal device does not support the encryption protocol under the condition that the communication identifier satisfies the preset first condition, in this embodiment, to ensure the security of the streaming media communication, a secondary communication scheme is selected to be adopted. In this embodiment, when the playback environment is browser playback, the HLS communication scheme is determined as the secondary communication scheme.
And step 204, when the communication identifier does not meet the first condition, determining the HLS communication scheme as a secondary communication scheme.
Similarly, when the communication identifier does not satisfy the preset first condition, the terminal device also adopts the HLS communication scheme as the secondary communication scheme.
And step 205, performing real-time streaming media communication of the terminal equipment based on the secondary communication scheme.
After the secondary communication scheme is determined, the streaming media real-time communication can be realized based on the secondary communication scheme, namely the HLS communication scheme.
Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the method for real-time communication of streaming media according to the present invention. The present embodiment further describes a specific case where the playback environment is application playback on the basis of the foregoing embodiment. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
The contents of the above steps 301 to 302 are the same as those of the previous embodiments, and the description thereof will not be repeated.
And step 303, when the communication identifier does not meet the first condition, determining the RTMP communication scheme as a secondary communication scheme.
And step 304, performing streaming media real-time communication of the terminal equipment based on the secondary communication scheme.
In this embodiment, in the case that the playback environment is the application program, the RTMP communication scheme is determined to be the secondary communication scheme. After the secondary communication scheme is determined, the streaming media real-time communication can be realized based on the secondary communication scheme, namely, the RTMP communication scheme.
Exemplary devices
Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a real-time communication device for streaming media according to the present invention. The apparatus of this embodiment is a physical apparatus for performing the method described in FIGS. 1-3. The technical solution is essentially the same as that in the above embodiment, and the corresponding description in the above embodiment is also applicable to this embodiment. The device in the embodiment comprises:
the device determining module 401 is configured to determine a playing environment of the terminal device, and determine a communication identifier of the terminal device.
A first communication module 402, configured to perform real-time streaming media communication of the terminal device based on a primary communication scheme when the communication identifier meets a preset first condition.
The second communication module 403, configured to determine, when the communication identifier does not satisfy the first condition, a corresponding secondary communication scheme according to the playing environment; and carrying out the streaming media real-time communication of the terminal equipment based on a secondary communication scheme.
In addition, on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 4, it is preferable that:
the communication identification comprises header information of the communication request; the primary communication scheme includes a WebRTC communication scheme. The first communication module 402 includes:
a first scheme determining unit 421, configured to determine that the terminal device supports the WebRTC communication scheme in the header information requested by the communication.
The first communication unit 422 is configured to perform streaming media real-time communication of the terminal device based on the WebRTC communication scheme.
And an encryption confirmation unit 423 for determining whether the terminal device supports the corresponding video encryption protocol.
The second communication module 403 includes:
the first selecting unit 431 is configured to determine the HLS communication scheme as the secondary communication scheme when the playing environment is browser playing, the communication identifier does not satisfy the first condition, or the terminal device does not support the corresponding video encryption protocol.
A second selecting unit 432, configured to determine the RTMP communication scheme as the secondary communication scheme when the communication identifier does not satisfy the first condition while the playback environment is the application playback.
And the second communication unit 433 is configured to perform real-time streaming media communication of the terminal device based on a secondary communication scheme.
Exemplary computer program product and computer-readable storage Medium
In addition to the above-described methods and apparatus, embodiments of the invention may also be a computer program product comprising computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the steps in the methods according to various embodiments of the invention described in the "exemplary methods" section above of this specification.
The computer program product may write program code for carrying out operations for embodiments of the present invention in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server.
Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention may also be a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform steps in methods according to various embodiments of the present invention described in the "exemplary methods" section above of this specification.
The computer-readable storage medium may take any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium may include, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The basic principles of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific embodiments, but it should be noted that the advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present invention are only examples and are not limiting, and the advantages, effects, etc. must not be considered to be possessed by various embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the foregoing disclosure of specific details is for the purpose of illustration and description and is not intended to be limiting, since the invention is not limited to the specific details described above.
The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, systems involved in the present invention are only given as illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that the connections, arrangements, configurations, etc. must be made in the manner shown in the block diagrams. These devices, apparatuses, devices, systems may be connected, arranged, configured in any manner, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Words such as "including," "comprising," "having," and the like are open-ended words that mean "including, but not limited to," and are used interchangeably therewith. The words "or" and "as used herein mean, and are used interchangeably with, the word" and/or, "unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The word "such as" is used herein to mean, and is used interchangeably with, the phrase "such as but not limited to".
It should also be noted that in the apparatus, devices and methods of the present invention, the components or steps may be broken down and/or re-combined. These decompositions and/or recombinations are to be regarded as equivalents of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, the description is not intended to limit embodiments of the invention to the form disclosed herein. While a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those of skill in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions and sub-combinations thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A method for real-time communication of streaming media, comprising:
determining a playing environment of a terminal device and determining a communication identifier of the terminal device;
when the communication identifier meets a preset first condition, performing real-time streaming media communication of the terminal equipment based on a primary communication scheme;
when the communication identifier does not meet the first condition, determining a corresponding secondary communication scheme according to the playing environment;
and carrying out the streaming media real-time communication of the terminal equipment based on the secondary communication scheme.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the playback environment of the terminal device comprises:
determining that the playing environment of the terminal equipment is application program playing;
or, determining that the playing environment of the terminal equipment is browser playing.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the communication identifier comprises header information of the communication request; the primary communication scheme comprises a web instant messaging (WebRTC) communication scheme;
then, when the communication identifier satisfies a preset first condition, performing real-time streaming media communication of the terminal device based on a primary communication scheme includes:
and when the terminal equipment is determined to support the WebRTC communication scheme through the header information of the communication request, performing streaming media real-time communication of the terminal equipment based on the WebRTC communication scheme.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein when the playback environment is browser playback, the performing streaming media real-time communication of the terminal device based on the WebRTC communication scheme when it is determined that the terminal device supports the WebRTC communication scheme through header information of the communication request includes:
and when the terminal equipment supports the WebRTC communication scheme and the terminal equipment supports a corresponding video encryption protocol, performing streaming media real-time communication of the terminal equipment based on the WebRTC communication scheme.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
and when the terminal equipment supports the WebRTC communication scheme and does not support the corresponding video encryption protocol, performing streaming media real-time communication of the terminal equipment based on the secondary communication scheme.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein when the communication identifier does not satisfy the first condition, the determining a corresponding secondary communication scheme according to the playback environment comprises:
and when the playing environment is browser playing, determining the dynamic code rate self-adaptive technology HLS communication scheme as the secondary communication scheme.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein when the communication identifier does not satisfy the first condition, the determining a corresponding secondary communication scheme according to the playback environment comprises:
and when the playing environment is the application program playing, determining the real-time message transmission protocol RTMP communication scheme as the secondary communication scheme.
8. A real-time communication device for streaming media, comprising:
the device determining module is used for determining the playing environment of the terminal device and determining the communication identifier of the terminal device;
the first communication module is used for carrying out real-time streaming media communication of the terminal equipment based on a primary communication scheme when the communication identifier meets a preset first condition;
the second communication module is used for determining a corresponding secondary communication scheme according to the playing environment when the communication identifier does not meet the first condition; and carrying out the streaming media real-time communication of the terminal equipment based on the secondary communication scheme.
9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the method for real-time communication of streaming media according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. An electronic device, comprising:
a processor;
a memory for storing the processor-executable instructions;
the processor is used for reading the executable instructions from the memory and executing the instructions to realize the real-time communication method of the streaming media of any one of the claims 1-7.
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Application publication date: 20210416 |