CN112669954A - Remote heart rate detection system and method thereof - Google Patents
Remote heart rate detection system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a remote heart rate detection system and a method thereof, wherein the system comprises a PTZ camera and a data processing device, the PTZ camera is arranged in a moving area of a measured person and shoots and tracks the face area of the measured person, the data processing device is in communication connection with the PTZ camera, the data processing device receives a video of the measured person shot by the PTZ camera in real time and transmits video data to the data processing device, the data processing device extracts an interested face area in the video data, extracts and filters rPPG heart rate signals of a plurality of continuous frames of the interested face area, converts the heart rate signals into a frequency domain, obtains a heart rate value and displays the heart rate value on the data processing device. The invention can capture the remote non-constrained face image by driving the PTZ camera to carry out 360-degree omnibearing cruising, so that the tested person is in a no-perception state and carries out face scanning detection on the tested person, thereby further realizing heart rate detection, having more ecological effectiveness, and having great advantages in remote heart rate detection based on the PTZ camera system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heart rate detection, in particular to a remote heart rate detection system and a method thereof, which are used for realizing non-contact heart rate detection of a target person.
Background
The existing detection of human heart rate mainly includes two categories, namely contact type and non-contact type. Conventional contact heart rate detection often measures heart rate by detecting vibrations caused by blood vessel motion under the skin beside the wrist or neck, while modern contact heart rate detection mainly includes Electrocardiography (ECG), Phonocardiogram (PCG), Thermal Imaging (Thermal Imaging), photoplethysmography (PPG), ultrasonograph, blood pressure wave measurement and light scattering phenomenon measurement. Compared with the traditional contact type heart rate detection mode, the non-contact type heart rate detection mode is more suitable than the traditional contact type heart rate detection mode in the scenes such as family physiological information detection, heart rate detection in a man-machine interaction scene, face heart rate detection in a complex scene, emotion recognition and the like in the non-hospital environment. Meanwhile, the non-contact heart rate detection has an important supervision function for cardiovascular sudden diseases and chronic diseases.
Contactless heart rate detection can be broadly divided into three types: respectively, a wavelet doppler radar method, a thermal imaging method, and a computer vision based image method.
(1) The wavelet Doppler radar method needs to use electromagnetic waves to detect human targets, echo signals generate Doppler effect due to the heart and lung activity of human bodies, specific signal processing methods are applied to the signals to process the signals, and vital sign information (including heart rate) related to the heart and lung can be extracted from the signals. At present, many problems still exist in the research of vital sign detection based on the wavelet doppler radar method, which need to be solved, such as the need to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and the anti-interference capability of the radar system, linearly restore the activity information of heart and lung, process radar signals in real time and realize long-term monitoring, extract the time domain information of heart rate from signals with strong interference, and the like.
(2) The thermal infrared imaging heart rate detection can acquire temperature information of the surface of a human body in real time and comprehensively, is little influenced by illumination change, is expensive in cost and inconvenient to apply on a large scale, and is suitable for special and professional personnel.
(3) In addition, the heart rate detection based on the video is easily influenced by illumination, but the cost is relatively low, and the method can be used in people on a large scale.
In the existing method for acquiring the heart rate based on the video image, a lens for acquiring the video usually adopts a short distance with a fixed angle to shoot a target person, the target person is located at a set region position, the video is shot in a face-to-face mode directly, the moving range of the person is limited, the detected person is in a perception state, psychological fluctuation is easily generated on the detected person, and the detection accuracy of the real-time heart rate is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, realize the remote detection of the heart rate under the condition that the testee is not easy to perceive, and meanwhile, the invention does not specially limit the moving range of the testee, therefore, the invention provides a remote heart rate detection system and a method thereof.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the system comprises a PTZ camera and a data processing device, wherein the PTZ camera is arranged in an activity area of a testee and shoots and tracks a face area of the testee, the data processing device is in communication connection with the PTZ camera, the data processing device receives face video data of the testee shot by the PTZ camera in real time and transmits the video data to the data processing device, the data processing device extracts a face area of interest in the video data, extracts and filters PPG rheart rate signals of a plurality of continuous frames of the face area of interest, converts the heart rate signals into a frequency domain, obtains a heart rate value, and displays the heart rate value on the data processing device.
The PTZ camera is connected with the data processing device through a network cable.
The data processing device comprises:
the image acquisition module is used for receiving video data in the PTZ camera and dividing the video data into a plurality of frames of images according to a time sequence;
the face feature extraction module is used for extracting the face region-of-interest images in each frame of image, calculating all pixel points in each frame of region-of-interest image and solving the average values of the R channel, the G channel and the B channel in each frame of image;
the integration module is used for sequentially connecting the R channel, the G channel and the B channel of each frame image together according to the set frame number to obtain an original signal of the region of interest;
the de-noising module is used for de-noising the original signal and extracting a pulse signal;
the heart rate value calculation module calculates the frequency of the pulse signals according to the pulse signals to obtain a heart rate value;
and the display module is used for displaying the real-time heart rate value and/or the trend curve of the tested person, and the display module can be a display screen.
The data processing device is also provided with a focusing control module and a judgment module, wherein a pixel threshold value is set in the judgment module, and when the pixel value of the region-of-interest image extracted by the facial feature extraction module is smaller than the set pixel threshold value, the focusing control module instructs the PTZ camera to execute focusing.
The pixel threshold set in the judging module is 40 × 40-80 × 80.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a remote heart rate detection method, which comprises the following steps:
step 5, carrying out drying treatment on the original signal, and extracting a pulse signal;
and 6, calculating the pulse signal to obtain the heart rate value of the tested person.
The PTZ camera is arranged in a hidden area capable of shooting, and the arrangement of the field angle and the optical zooming parameters is carried out on the PTZ camera, so that the PTZ camera is in an all-dimensional cruising state of 180-360 degrees.
In the step 1, when the image resolution ratio shot by the PTZ camera is smaller than the set image threshold value in the activity area of the testee, the data processing device instructs to control the PTZ camera to track and shoot the face image of the testee through automatic focusing, and the shot face image size of the testee is suitable for remotely extracting the heart rate value of the testee.
In the step 3, by performing image mask processing on the skin region of each frame of image in the original video data, the R channel, the G channel, and the B channel of all pixel points in each frame of image are averaged to obtain the characteristic values of the R channel, the G channel, and the B channel of each frame of image.
In the step 3, when the data processing device calculates the heart rate of the acquired video image, the number of the continuous frames of the acquired video is 50-70.
And in the step 5, filtering and denoising the original signal obtained in the step 4 by adopting a regularization processing method.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
A. the invention is based on the PTZ camera, can realize the long-distance shooting of the target testee, thereby avoiding the situation that the face information obtained by the face capture in a short distance in some application occasions (such as psychological experiments) can cause insufficient authenticity due to the psychological fluctuation of the testee and influence the information of real-time heart rate and the like. The invention can capture the remote unconfined face image by driving the PTZ camera to carry out 360-degree omnibearing cruising, and can carry out concealed shooting at the same time, so that the detected person is in a non-detection state, a relaxed detection environment is created, the detected person finishes the scanning detection of the face without any detection state, and further the heart rate detection is realized, thereby avoiding the psychological fluctuation caused by the close distance and the camera in the visible area of the detected person, and influencing the accuracy of the heart rate detection. The heart rate data obtained by placing the camera in a visual range far away from a tested person or in an invisible area has more ecological effectiveness, and the PTZ camera system-based remote heart rate detection has great advantages.
B. The PTZ camera is adopted to track the face of the tested person in real time and amplify the face, so that the remote face of the tested person can be scanned more easily, when the PTZ camera is too far away or too close to the tested person, the shot image is automatically subjected to pixel identification, and when the pixel identification is smaller than a set image resolution threshold value, the data processing device can automatically drive the PTZ camera to realize automatic focusing, so that the shooting resolution is improved, and the heart rate detection value is more accurate. Meanwhile, the PTZ camera is rotated by automatically tracking the tested person, so that the face area of the tested person can be shot, video data which are difficult to shoot by a common camera can be obtained, and the heart rate analysis efficiency is improved; meanwhile, signal noise in the obtained original signal can be greatly reduced by remote shooting, and the accuracy of the heart rate is improved more easily.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings which are needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive labor to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the components of the data processing apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a detection method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a heart rate spectrum chart of the PTZ camera provided by the present invention when the distance between the PTZ camera and the measured person is 1 meter;
FIG. 5 is a heart rate spectrum plot of a PTZ camera provided by the present invention at a distance of 2 meters from a subject;
fig. 6 is a heart rate spectrum chart of the PTZ camera provided by the present invention when the PTZ camera is 3 meters away from the subject.
Description of reference numerals:
1-PTZ camera; 2-a data processing device; 3-the subject.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a remote heart rate detection system, which includes a PTZ camera 1 (Pan/Tilt/Zoom) and a data processing device 2, wherein the PTZ camera 1 is disposed in an activity area of a subject and tracks a face area of the subject 3, the data processing device 2 is in communication connection with the PTZ camera 1, the data processing device 2 receives a video of the subject 3 captured by the PTZ camera 1 in real time and transmits the video data to the data processing device 2, the data processing device 2 extracts a face area of interest in the video data, extracts an rPPG heart rate signal from a plurality of continuous frames of the face area of interest, filters the extracted heart rate signal, converts the heart rate signal into a frequency domain, obtains a heart rate value, and displays the heart rate value on the data processing device. The PTZ camera 1 and the data processing device 2 are connected by a network cable. The data processing device 2 may be a PC stand-alone computer or a portable notebook computer, and may also be a mobile terminal, which is not a specific limitation of the present invention. The imaging area is an area for the subject to move, the subject moves in the area, and the PTZ camera can image the subject.
The system uses the Haikangwei PTZ camera to capture, amplify and track the human face, thereby capturing the long-distance unconstrained human face, automatically focusing, capturing and amplifying the human face.
The PTZ camera organically combines the advantage that the panoramic camera can observe a 360-degree or 180-degree field angle and the advantage that the high-speed dome camera can freely rotate to the region of interest and clearly see details of the region of interest through optical zoom, and simultaneously has the advantages of wide view of the panoramic camera and clear view of the high-speed dome camera.
As shown in fig. 2, the data processing apparatus includes: the system comprises an image acquisition module, a facial feature extraction module, an integration module, a denoising module, a heart rate value calculation module and a display module.
The image acquisition module is used for receiving video data in the PTZ camera and dividing the video data into a plurality of frames of images according to a time sequence;
the face feature extraction module is used for extracting the face region-of-interest images in each frame of image, calculating all pixel points in each frame of region-of-interest image and solving the average values of the R channel, the G channel and the B channel in each frame of image;
the integration module is used for sequentially connecting the R channel, the G channel and the B channel of each frame image together according to the set frame number to obtain an original signal of the region of interest;
the de-noising module is used for de-noising the original signal and extracting a pulse signal;
the heart rate value calculation module calculates the frequency of the pulse signals according to the pulse signals to obtain a heart rate value;
and the display module is used for displaying the real-time detected heart rate value and/or curve, and is preferably a display screen.
In order to obtain the resolution of an image required by heart rate detection when shooting at a longer distance, a focusing control module and a judgment module are further arranged in the data processing device, a pixel threshold value is set in the judgment module, and when the pixel value of the image of the region of interest extracted by the facial feature extraction module is smaller than the set pixel threshold value, the focusing control module instructs the PTZ camera to perform focusing. The pixel threshold value set in the judging module is 40-80, and the PTZ camera is automatically controlled to adjust the focal length.
The PTZ camera is controlled to track and shoot the face image of the measured person through automatic focusing by automatically identifying the image resolution, and the shot face image of the measured person is made to be suitable for remotely extracting the heart rate value of the measured person. For example, within the range of 3-10 meters, the PTZ camera can be kept not to be focused or to be subjected to fine focusing, and beyond the range, the PTZ camera needs to be controlled to realize automatic focusing, so that the heart rate detection accuracy is improved.
The invention can also integrate the rPPG heart rate detection technology on the PTZ camera, use the PTZ camera to scan left and right, capture the face in the image dynamically, calculate the human heart rate in real time (rPPG) by capturing and amplifying the color change caused by the heart beat, and can be applied in the fields of medical treatment, interrogation, lie detection, etc.
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention further provides a remote heart rate detection method, which includes the following steps:
(S1), a PTZ camera is provided to dynamically capture, zoom and track the face of the subject
The PTZ camera is arranged in a hidden area capable of shooting, and the arrangement of the field angle and the optical zooming parameters is carried out on the PTZ camera, so that the PTZ camera is in an all-dimensional cruising state of 180-360 degrees. The testee can carry out heart rate detection on the testee in a set shooting area under an unconfined state.
The method comprises the steps of dynamically tracking a face in a video through a PTZ camera, detecting the face position in each frame of an image under the condition of uniform light by combining a face recognition technology, and detecting a skin area by using a skin detection algorithm to extract a heart rate signal.
(S2) transmitting the face video data collected by the PTZ camera to the data processing device; data transmission can be realized through the network cable.
(S3) the data processing device obtains the interested region of each frame of image in the video data to obtain the characteristic values of the R channel, the G channel and the B channel of each frame of image; all pixel points of each channel (RGB) of the image are averaged (averaging can reduce noise) according to the original image and the image mask of the skin area, so that each frame of image we obtain three feature values.
(S4) sequentially connecting the characteristic values of the R channel, the G channel and the B channel corresponding to each frame of image to obtain an original signal of the face region of interest; i.e. the feature values obtained from several frames (n-64, fps-30) of images are concatenated together to obtain three original signals with length n.
(S5) performing de-drying process on the original signal, and extracting pulse signal
Because the original signal has a large amount of noise, an algorithm is needed for signal extraction and filtering; searching a plane orthogonal to the skin in an RGB space by adopting a regularization method, and predefining hue so as to better extract pulse signals; the specific algorithm flow is as follows:
the algorithm input is an original signal of length n,
and (S3) calculating the pulse signal to obtain and display the heart rate value of the measured person.
And after the pulse signal is obtained, calculating the frequency of the pulse signal, namely the heart rate of the tested person. Discrete fourier transform can be implemented using the dft function in opencv to convert the heart rate signal to the frequency domain for heart rate calculation. As shown in fig. 4, the peak value pmax is found in the frequency domain, and then according to the formula bpm pmax fps/total SEC _ PER _ MIN, where fps is the video frame rate, total is the number of frames processing a group of videos (fixed to 64 in the present system), and SEC _ PER _ MIN is a constant 60.
The invention can dynamically track the face of the tested person through the PTZ camera, can realize the face detection at a longer distance, for example, the face of the person can be tracked at an ultra-long distance of more than 10 meters in real time through controlling an automatic focusing method, and meanwhile, in the shooting area, the longer-distance shooting can lead the noise signals doped in the original signals to be less, thus being more beneficial to the processing of the signals and leading the obtained heart rate data to be more accurate.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the PTZ camera is located at distances of 1m, 2m and 3m from the subject, and it can be seen that the distances of 1m, 2m and 3m result in heart rate data of 48bpm, 54bpm and 66bpm, respectively. Therefore, when the PTZ camera is too close to the measured person, the noise signal influences the heart rate measurement result, and the heart rate data detection is more accurate when the distance is longer.
Table 1: the remote heart rate detection system is adopted to compare with the heart rate data measured by the medical blood pressure meter
As can be seen from table 1 above, as the distance between the camera and the face increases, the deviation between the heart rate value measured by the present invention and the heart rate value measured by the medical blood pressure monitor decreases gradually, and the technical effect of the present invention for remotely detecting the heart rate of the subject is also verified, so that not only the influence of noise on the detection system is small, but also the psychological abstinence of the subject is reduced and the psychological pressure thereof is weakened because the camera is far away from the subject, which is helpful for accurately measuring the heart rate.
The invention is based on the PTZ camera, can realize the long-distance shooting of the target testee, thereby avoiding the problems that the face information obtained by face capture at a short distance in some application occasions (such as psychological experiments) can cause insufficient authenticity due to the psychological fluctuation of the testee and can also influence the information such as real-time heart rate and the like. The invention can capture the remote non-constrained face image by driving the PTZ camera to carry out 360-degree omnibearing cruising, and can carry out concealed shooting at the same time, so that a tested person is in a no-perception state to carry out face scanning detection, thereby realizing heart rate detection. The data obtained under this condition is more ecological and the measured heart rate data is more accurate based on remote heart rate detection by the PTZ camera system.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. A remote heart rate detection system, characterized in that the system comprises a PTZ camera (1) and a data processing device (2), the PTZ camera (1) is arranged in the activity area of the tested person and carries out shooting and tracking on the face area of the tested person (3), the data processing device (2) is connected in communication with the PTZ camera (1), the data processing device (2) receives the face video data of the tested person (3) shot by the PTZ camera (1) in real time, and transmits the video material to the data processing device (2), the data processing device (2) extracts the interested face area in the video material, and extracting and filtering rPPG heart rate signals from a plurality of continuous frames of the facial region of interest, converting the heart rate signals into a frequency domain to obtain heart rate values, and displaying the heart rate values on the data processing device (2).
2. Remote heart rate detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the PTZ camera (1) is connected with the data processing device (2) by a network cable or a wireless local area network.
3. The remote heart rate detection system according to claim 1, wherein the data processing device (2) comprises:
the image acquisition module is used for receiving video data in the PTZ camera and dividing the video data into a plurality of frames of images according to a time sequence;
the face feature extraction module is used for extracting the face region-of-interest images in each frame of image, calculating all pixel points in each frame of region-of-interest image and solving the average values of the R channel, the G channel and the B channel in each frame of image;
the integration module is used for sequentially connecting the R channel, the G channel and the B channel of each frame image together according to the set frame number to obtain an original signal of the region of interest;
the de-noising module is used for de-noising the original signal and extracting a pulse signal;
the heart rate value calculation module calculates the frequency of the pulse signals according to the pulse signals to obtain a heart rate value;
and the display module is used for displaying the real-time heart rate value and/or the trend curve of the tested person.
4. The remote heart rate detection system of claim 3, wherein a focusing control module and a determination module are further provided in the data processing device, wherein a pixel threshold is set in the determination module, and when the pixel value of the region-of-interest image extracted by the facial feature extraction module is smaller than the set pixel threshold, the focusing control module instructs the PTZ camera to perform focusing.
5. The remote heart rate detection system of claim 4, wherein the pixel threshold set in the determination module is 40 x 40 to 80 x 80.
6. A remote heart rate detection method, characterized in that the detection method comprises the steps of:
step 1, a PTZ camera is arranged to dynamically capture, amplify and track the face of a tested person in a moving area of the tested person;
step 2, transmitting the face video data collected by the PTZ camera to a data processing device;
step 3, the data processing device acquires the interested region of each frame of image in the video data to obtain the characteristic values of the R channel, the G channel and the B channel of each frame of image;
step 4, sequentially connecting the characteristic values of the corresponding R channel, G channel and B channel in each frame of image to obtain an original signal of the face region of interest;
step 5, carrying out drying treatment on the original signal, and extracting a pulse signal;
and 6, calculating the pulse signal to obtain and display the heart rate value of the measured person.
7. The remote heart rate detection method according to claim 6, wherein the PTZ camera is arranged in a hidden area capable of shooting, and the angle of view and the optical zoom parameter setting are carried out on the PTZ camera, so that the PTZ camera is in a 180-360-degree omnibearing cruising state.
8. The remote heart rate detection method according to claim 7, wherein in the step 1, when the image resolution captured by the PTZ camera is smaller than the set image threshold in the activity area of the testee, the data processing device instructs to control the PTZ camera to track and capture the facial image of the testee through auto-focusing, and the captured facial image of the testee is sized to remotely extract the heart rate value of the testee.
9. The remote heart rate detection method according to claim 6, wherein in the step 3, the R channel, the G channel, and the B channel of all pixel points in each frame of image are averaged by performing image mask processing on a skin region of each frame of image in the original video data, so as to obtain the feature values of the R channel, the G channel, and the B channel of each frame of image.
10. The remote heart rate detection method according to claim 9, wherein in the step 3, when the data processing device performs the heart rate calculation on the acquired video images, the number of the acquired video continuous frames is 50-70.
11. The remote heart rate detection method according to claim 6, wherein in the step 5, the original signal obtained in the step 4 is filtered and denoised by a regularization processing method.
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