CN112668753A - Day-ahead safety constraint unit combination method for standby auxiliary service and electric energy coordinated optimization - Google Patents

Day-ahead safety constraint unit combination method for standby auxiliary service and electric energy coordinated optimization Download PDF

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CN112668753A
CN112668753A CN202011383802.7A CN202011383802A CN112668753A CN 112668753 A CN112668753 A CN 112668753A CN 202011383802 A CN202011383802 A CN 202011383802A CN 112668753 A CN112668753 A CN 112668753A
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unit
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power
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CN112668753B (en
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周保中
乐鹰
郭超
朱文斌
徐康轩
张继广
吴天瞳
孙晓聪
丁一
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Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a day-ahead safety constraint unit combination method for coordination and optimization of standby auxiliary service and electric energy, relates to the technical field of operation and control of electric power systems, and particularly relates to unit combination under the background of coordination and optimization of auxiliary service and electric energy. The method comprises the following steps: 1) inputting declaration data of market main bodies such as loads, power selling companies, power generators and the like; inputting operating parameters of the power system; 2) constructing an objective function and constraint conditions of a standby auxiliary service and electric quantity coordinated and optimized day-ahead safety constraint unit combination model by using quoted data of a market subject and operating parameters of an electric power system; 3) and solving the optimization model, calculating to obtain the start-stop state of each generator, and guiding the start-stop plan of the generator set at the day before. The invention can effectively optimize the day-ahead unit combination of the power system, realize the maximization of social welfare, improve the efficiency of market operation and avoid the occurrence of the condition that the scheduling means intervenes the market behavior.

Description

Day-ahead safety constraint unit combination method for standby auxiliary service and electric energy coordinated optimization
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of operation and control of electric power systems, in particular to a unit combination under the background of coordination and optimization of auxiliary service and electric energy.
Background
At present, the complete development of the power market reform brings a serious challenge to the existing unit combination due to the fact that the electric energy and the standby power share the power generation space of the generator set and the optimization problem of the electric energy and the standby power under the market environment. Meanwhile, how the scheduling mechanism considers the operation safety constraint of the power system and gives consideration to the operation economy of the power system becomes an important factor influencing the safe and stable operation of the power market, and great uncertainty is brought to the normal operation of the power system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a day-ahead safety constraint unit combination method for coordination and optimization of standby auxiliary service and electric energy, and perfects and improves the prior art scheme.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a day-ahead safety constraint unit combination method for coordination and optimization of standby auxiliary service and electric energy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) inputting declaration data of market main bodies such as loads, power selling companies, power generators and the like; inputting operating parameters of the power system;
2) constructing an objective function and constraint conditions of a standby auxiliary service and electric quantity coordinated and optimized day-ahead safety constraint unit combination model by using quoted data of a market subject and operating parameters of an electric power system;
3) and solving the optimization model, calculating to obtain the start-stop state of each generator, and guiding the start-stop plan of the generator set at the day before.
Further, step 1) comprises:
101) inputting declaration data of a market main body, including electric energy and standby quotation data;
102) and setting the conductance and susceptance parameters of a system connecting line, the transmission power limit of the line and the predicted value of the load of each node.
Further, in step 2), the objective function for constructing the future safety constraint unit combination model for coordinating and optimizing the standby auxiliary service and the electric quantity is specifically as follows:
the goal of the day-ahead safety constraint unit combination model for the coordinated optimization of the standby auxiliary service and the electric energy is the maximum social welfare, and the objective function is as follows:
Figure BDA0002810465460000021
wherein:
u represents the sum of declared quantities of the power selling companies and the power consumers participating in the market at the day before;
n represents the total number of the units;
t represents the total number of considered time periods, and if the market considers 96 time periods in the day ahead, T is 96;
Pu,tthe bid-winning load of the electricity selling company and the electricity consumer u in the time period t is represented, and the demand price curves of 4 electricity selling company and the electricity consumer in 15 minutes in the same hour are the same and are equal to the demand price curve of the hour declared in the market in the day ahead;
Bu,t(Pu,t) The electricity purchasing cost of the electricity selling company and the electricity consumer u in the time period t;
Pi,trepresenting the output of the unit i in the time t;
SPRirepresenting the plant power rate of the unit i;
Ci,t(Pi,t，SPRi)、
Figure BDA0002810465460000022
the running cost, the starting cost and the standby cost of the unit i are respectively the online output in the time period t.
The unit network output running cost can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002810465460000023
wherein:
NM is the total number of the sections quoted by the unit;
Pi,t,mthe power is the winning power of the unit i in the mth output interval at the moment t;
Ci,menergy price corresponding to m output interval declared for unit and SPRiCorrelation;
LossPenaltyi,ta network loss penalty coefficient;
LossPenaltyi,t＝1/(1-LossFactori,t)
LossFactori,tis a network loss penalty factor.
The unit spare cost can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002810465460000031
wherein:
Figure BDA0002810465460000032
indicating the winning and standby capacity of the unit i at the time t;
Br,iindicating the reserve capacity quote for unit i.
Further, in step 2), the constraint conditions for constructing the day-ahead safety constraint unit combination model for coordinating and optimizing the standby auxiliary service and the electric quantity are specifically as follows:
(a) system load balancing constraints
For each time period t, the system balance constraint may be described as:
Figure BDA0002810465460000033
wherein:
Pi,trepresenting the output of the unit i in the time t;
Tj,trepresents the planned power of the powered gateway j (negative output and positive input) over time period t;
NT is the total number of the power receiving gateways, and N is the number of the units;
PLD，tthe unmarked user load demand is time period t;
Pu,tfor marketable customer load demand, it represents the winning bid load of the power selling company and the electric power customer u in time period t.
(b) Positive and backup constraints
For each time period t, the positive standby constraint may be described as:
Figure BDA0002810465460000034
wherein:
αi,trepresenting the start-stop state, alpha, of the unit i in a time period ti,t0 denotes a unit shutdown, αi,t1 represents the starting of the unit;
Figure BDA0002810465460000035
the maximum adjustable output of the unit i in the time period t is obtained;
PDtsystem load demand for time period t;
Figure BDA0002810465460000041
the system 30min reserve capacity requirement for time period t;
REtthe capacity requirement of frequency modulation is t time of the system.
(c) Negative standby constraint
For each time period t, the negative standby constraint may be described as:
Figure BDA0002810465460000042
wherein:
Figure BDA0002810465460000043
the minimum output of the unit i in the time period t is obtained;
PDtsystem load demand for time period t;
Figure BDA0002810465460000044
the system negative spare capacity requirement is time period t;
REtthe capacity requirement of frequency modulation is t time of the system.
(d) Spare capacity constraint
Figure BDA0002810465460000045
In the formula:
Figure BDA0002810465460000046
the capacity of the unit i for winning the bid in the time t is obtained;
Figure BDA0002810465460000047
the standby requirement of the system t for 30min is met.
(e) Upper and lower limit restraint of unit output
The output of the unit is between the upper output limit and the lower output limit, and the constraint condition can be described as follows:
Figure BDA0002810465460000048
Figure BDA0002810465460000049
fixed output unit outputs and unit outputs not participating in the market do not account for this constraint.
(f) Power justification rate constraints
When the power of the unit is adjusted, the power adjustment rate requirement of the unit is met, and the constraint conditions can be described as follows:
Figure BDA00028104654600000410
Figure BDA0002810465460000051
wherein, Δ Pi UIndicating the rate of ascent of the unit, Δ Pi DThe climbing speed of the unit is shown, and the output of the fixed output unit and the output of the unit which does not participate in the market do not take the constraint into account.
(g) Minimum continuous on-off time constraint of unit
The unit minimum continuous on-off time constraint can be described as:
Figure BDA0002810465460000052
Figure BDA0002810465460000053
wherein, TUi、TDiThe minimum continuous starting time and the minimum continuous stopping time of the unit i are obtained;
Figure BDA0002810465460000054
for the time when the unit i has been continuously started and continuously stopped during the time period t, the state variable α can be usedi,t(i is 1 to N, and T is 1 to T):
Figure BDA0002810465460000055
Figure BDA0002810465460000056
(h) bound for bound and bound shutdown groups
The must-on and must-off group constraints can be described as:
αm,t＝1
αn,t＝0
wherein, the unit m is a unit which must be started, and the unit n is a unit which must be stopped.
(i) Maximum number of start-stops constraint
First, the startup and shutdown switching variables are defined. Definition etai,tWhether the unit i is switched to a starting state at the moment t or not is judged; definition of gammai,tIs whether the unit i is switched to a shutdown state at the moment t, etai,t、γi,tThe following conditions are satisfied:
Figure BDA0002810465460000057
Figure BDA0002810465460000061
the limitation of the number of start-stop times of the corresponding unit i can be expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0002810465460000062
Figure BDA0002810465460000063
(j) equipment stability quota constraint
The device stability quota constraint may be described as:
Ps min≤Ps,t≤Ps max
wherein, Ps,tIs the active power of the device s at time t, Ps maxIs the upper limit of the stability limit, P, of the device ss minIs the lower limit of the stability limit (usually-P) for the device ss max)。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
if the unit combination model before the day is unreasonable, the unit scheduled to be started before the day is not matched with the actual power system operation condition, so that the system is ensured to normally operate by adopting the emergency unit start-stop. However, this affects the efficiency of the market operation, so that the enthusiasm of each power generation manufacturer to participate in the market is reduced, the stable operation of the power market is affected, and further the safety and effectiveness of the entire power system are affected.
The method provided by the invention comprehensively considers the quoted price data of each market subject, the operation parameters of the power system and the characteristics of the spare capacity and the generated energy sharing unit output space, and the total cost of the standby auxiliary service of the generator is pursued to be the lowest on the premise of ensuring the safety and stability constraint of the power system by constructing a mixed integer optimization model. The invention can effectively optimize the day-ahead unit combination of the power system, realize the maximization of social welfare, improve the efficiency of market operation and avoid the occurrence of the condition that the scheduling means intervenes the market behavior.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for combining a standby auxiliary service and a day-ahead safety constraint unit for coordinated optimization of electric energy includes the following steps:
1) inputting declaration data of market main bodies such as loads, power selling companies, power generators and the like; inputting operating parameters of the power system; the method comprises the following steps:
101) inputting declaration data of a market main body, including electric energy and standby quotation data;
102) and setting the conductance and susceptance parameters of a system connecting line, the transmission power limit of the line and the predicted value of the load of each node.
2) Constructing an objective function and constraint conditions of a standby auxiliary service and electric quantity coordinated and optimized day-ahead safety constraint unit combination model by using quoted data of a market subject and operating parameters of an electric power system;
the objective function for constructing the day-ahead safety constraint unit combination model for the coordination and optimization of the standby auxiliary service and the electric quantity is specifically as follows:
the goal of the day-ahead safety constraint unit combination model for the coordinated optimization of the standby auxiliary service and the electric energy is the maximum social welfare, and the objective function is as follows:
Figure BDA0002810465460000071
wherein:
u represents the sum of declared quantities of the power selling companies and the power consumers participating in the market at the day before;
n represents the total number of the units;
t represents the total number of considered time periods, and if the market considers 96 time periods in the day ahead, T is 96;
Pu,tthe bid-winning load of the electricity selling company and the electricity consumer u in the time period t is represented, and the demand price curves of 4 electricity selling company and the electricity consumer in 15 minutes in the same hour are the same and are equal to the demand price curve of the hour declared in the market in the day ahead;
Bu,t(Pu,t) The electricity purchasing cost of the electricity selling company and the electricity consumer u in the time period t;
Pi,trepresenting the output of the unit i in the time t;
SPRirepresenting the plant power rate of the unit i;
Ci,t(Pi,t，SPRi)、
Figure BDA0002810465460000072
the running cost, the starting cost and the standby cost of the unit i are respectively the online output in the time period t.
The unit network output running cost can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002810465460000081
wherein:
NM is the total number of the sections quoted by the unit;
Pi,t,mthe power is the winning power of the unit i in the mth output interval at the moment t;
Ci,menergy price corresponding to m output interval declared for unit and SPRiCorrelation;
LossPenaltyi,ta network loss penalty coefficient;
LossPenaltyi,t＝1/(1-LossFactori,t)
LossFactori,tis a network loss penalty factor.
The unit spare cost can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002810465460000082
wherein:
Figure BDA0002810465460000083
indicating the winning and standby capacity of the unit i at the time t;
Br,iindicating the reserve capacity quote for unit i.
Further, in step 2), the constraint conditions for constructing the day-ahead safety constraint unit combination model for coordinating and optimizing the standby auxiliary service and the electric quantity are specifically as follows:
(a) system load balancing constraints
For each time period t, the system balance constraint may be described as:
Figure BDA0002810465460000084
wherein:
Pi,trepresenting the output of the unit i in the time t;
Tj,trepresents the planned power of the powered gateway j (negative output and positive input) over time period t;
NT is the total number of the power receiving gateways, and N is the number of the units;
PLD，tthe unmarked user load demand is time period t;
Pu,tfor marketable customer load demand, it represents the winning bid load of the power selling company and the electric power customer u in time period t.
(b) Positive and backup constraints
For each time period t, the positive standby constraint may be described as:
Figure BDA0002810465460000091
wherein:
αi,trepresenting the start-stop state, alpha, of the unit i in a time period ti,t0 denotes a unit shutdown, αi,t1 represents the starting of the unit;
Figure BDA0002810465460000092
the maximum adjustable output of the unit i in the time period t is obtained;
PDtsystem load demand for time period t;
Figure BDA0002810465460000093
the system 30min reserve capacity requirement for time period t;
REtthe capacity requirement of frequency modulation is t time of the system.
(c) Negative standby constraint
For each time period t, the negative standby constraint may be described as:
Figure BDA0002810465460000094
wherein:
Figure BDA0002810465460000095
the minimum output of the unit i in the time period t is obtained;
PDtsystem load demand for time period t;
Figure BDA0002810465460000096
the system negative spare capacity requirement is time period t;
REtthe capacity requirement of frequency modulation is t time of the system.
(d) Spare capacity constraint
Figure BDA0002810465460000097
In the formula:
Figure BDA0002810465460000101
the capacity of the unit i for winning the bid in the time t is obtained;
Figure BDA0002810465460000102
the standby requirement of the system t for 30min is met.
(e) Upper and lower limit restraint of unit output
The output of the unit is between the upper output limit and the lower output limit, and the constraint condition can be described as follows:
Figure BDA0002810465460000103
Figure BDA0002810465460000104
fixed output unit outputs and unit outputs not participating in the market do not account for this constraint.
(f) Power justification rate constraints
When the power of the unit is adjusted, the power adjustment rate requirement of the unit is met, and the constraint conditions can be described as follows:
Figure BDA0002810465460000105
Figure BDA0002810465460000106
wherein, Δ Pi UIndicating the rate of ascent of the unit, Δ Pi DThe climbing speed of the unit is shown, and the output of the fixed output unit and the output of the unit which does not participate in the market do not take the constraint into account.
(g) Minimum continuous on-off time constraint of unit
The unit minimum continuous on-off time constraint can be described as:
Figure BDA0002810465460000107
Figure BDA0002810465460000108
wherein, TUi、TDiThe minimum continuous starting time and the minimum continuous stopping time of the unit i are obtained;
Figure BDA0002810465460000109
for the time when the unit i has been continuously started and continuously stopped during the time period t, the state variable α can be usedi,t(i is 1 to N, and T is 1 to T):
Figure BDA00028104654600001010
Figure BDA00028104654600001011
(h) bound for bound and bound shutdown groups
The must-on and must-off group constraints can be described as:
αm,t＝1
αn,t＝0
wherein, the unit m is a unit which must be started, and the unit n is a unit which must be stopped.
(i) Maximum number of start-stops constraint
First, the startup and shutdown switching variables are defined. Definition etai,tWhether the unit i is switched to a starting state at the moment t or not is judged; definition of gammai,tIs whether the unit i is switched to a shutdown state at the moment t, etai,t、γi,tThe following conditions are satisfied:
Figure BDA0002810465460000111
Figure BDA0002810465460000112
the limitation of the number of start-stop times of the corresponding unit i can be expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0002810465460000113
Figure BDA0002810465460000114
(j) equipment stability quota constraint
The device stability quota constraint may be described as:
Ps min≤Ps,t≤Ps max
wherein, Ps,tIs the active power of the device s at time t, Ps maxIs the upper limit of the stability limit, P, of the device ss minIs the lower limit of the stability limit (usually-P) for the device ss max)。
3) And solving the optimization model, calculating to obtain the start-stop state of each generator, and guiding the start-stop plan of the generator set at the day before.
Those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of the art.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A day-ahead safety constraint unit combination method for coordination and optimization of standby auxiliary service and electric energy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) inputting declaration data of a market main body; inputting operating parameters of the power system; the method comprises the following steps:
101) inputting declaration data of a market main body, including electric energy and standby quotation data;
102) setting the conductance and susceptance parameters of a system connecting line, the limit of line transmission power and the predicted value of each node load;
2) constructing an objective function and constraint conditions of a standby auxiliary service and electric quantity coordinated and optimized day-ahead safety constraint unit combination model by using quoted data of a market subject and operating parameters of an electric power system;
the objective function for constructing the day-ahead safety constraint unit combination model for the coordination and optimization of the standby auxiliary service and the electric quantity is specifically as follows:
the goal of the day-ahead safety constraint unit combination model for the coordinated optimization of the standby auxiliary service and the electric energy is the maximum social welfare, and the objective function is as follows:
Figure FDA0002810465450000011
wherein:
u represents the sum of declared quantities of the power selling companies and the power consumers participating in the market at the day before;
n represents the total number of the units;
t represents the total number of time segments considered;
Pu,tindicating the successful bid load of the power selling company and the electric power user u in the time period t;
Bu,t(Pu,t) The electricity purchasing cost of the electricity selling company and the electricity consumer u in the time period t;
Pi,trepresenting the output of the unit i in the time t;
SPRirepresenting the plant power rate of the unit i;
Ci,t(Pi,t，SPRi)、
Figure FDA0002810465450000012
respectively representing the online output running cost, the starting cost and the standby cost of the unit i in the time period t;
the unit network output running cost is expressed as:
Figure FDA0002810465450000013
wherein:
NM is the total number of the sections quoted by the unit;
Pi,t,mthe power is the winning power of the unit i in the mth output interval at the moment t;
Ci,menergy price corresponding to m output interval declared for unit and SPRiCorrelation;
LossPenaltyi,ta network loss penalty coefficient;
LossPenaltyi,t＝1/(1-LossFactori,t)
LossFactori,ta network loss penalty factor;
the unit spare cost is expressed as:
Figure FDA0002810465450000021
wherein:
Figure FDA0002810465450000022
indicating the winning and standby capacity of the unit i at the time t;
Br,irepresenting the reserve capacity quotation of the unit i;
the constraint conditions for constructing the day-ahead safety constraint unit combination model for the coordination and optimization of the standby auxiliary service and the electric quantity are specifically as follows: (a) system load balancing constraints
For each time period t, the system balance constraint is described as:
Figure FDA0002810465450000023
wherein:
Pi,tindicating the time period of unit itThe output of (2);
Tj,trepresents the planned power of the powered gateway j at time t;
NT is the total number of the power receiving gateways, and N is the number of the units;
PLD，tthe unmarked user load demand is time period t;
Pu,tfor the market user load demand, indicating the bid winning load of the power selling company and the power user u in the time period t;
(b) positive and backup constraints
For each time period t, the positive standby constraint is described as:
Figure FDA0002810465450000031
wherein:
αi,trepresenting the start-stop state, alpha, of the unit i in a time period ti,t0 denotes a unit shutdown, αi,t1 represents the starting of the unit;
Figure FDA0002810465450000032
the maximum adjustable output of the unit i in the time period t is obtained;
PDtsystem load demand for time period t;
Figure FDA0002810465450000033
the system 30min reserve capacity requirement for time period t;
REtthe capacity requirement of frequency modulation is t hours of the system;
(c) negative standby constraint
For each time period t, the negative standby constraint is described as:
Figure FDA0002810465450000034
wherein:
Figure FDA0002810465450000035
the minimum output of the unit i in the time period t is obtained;
PDtsystem load demand for time period t;
Figure FDA0002810465450000036
the system negative spare capacity requirement is time period t;
REtthe capacity requirement of frequency modulation is t hours of the system;
(d) spare capacity constraint
Figure FDA0002810465450000037
In the formula:
Figure FDA0002810465450000038
the capacity of the unit i for winning the bid in the time t is obtained;
Figure FDA0002810465450000039
the standby requirement is 30min for the system t;
(e) upper and lower limit restraint of unit output
The output of the unit is between the upper output limit and the lower output limit, and the constraint conditions are described as follows:
Figure FDA0002810465450000041
Figure FDA0002810465450000042
the output of the fixed output unit and the output of the unit which does not participate in the market do not take the constraint into account;
(f) power justification rate constraints
When the power of the unit is adjusted, the power adjustment rate requirement of the unit is met, and the constraint conditions are described as follows:
Figure FDA0002810465450000043
Figure FDA0002810465450000044
wherein, Δ Pi UIndicating the rate of ascent of the unit, Δ Pi DThe climbing speed under the unit is shown, the output of the fixed output unit and the output of the unit which does not participate in the market do not take into account the constraint；
(g) Minimum continuous on-off time constraint of unit
The unit minimum continuous on-off time constraint is described as:
Figure FDA0002810465450000045
Figure FDA0002810465450000046
wherein, TUi、TDiThe minimum continuous starting time and the minimum continuous stopping time of the unit i are obtained;
Figure FDA0002810465450000047
for the time when the unit i has been continuously started and continuously stopped during the time period t, the state variable alpha is usedi,t(i is 1 to N, and T is 1 to T):
Figure FDA0002810465450000048
Figure FDA0002810465450000049
(h) bound for bound and bound shutdown groups
The must-on and must-off group constraints are described as:
αm,t＝1
αn,t＝0
wherein, the unit m is a unit which must be started, and the unit n is a unit which must be stopped;
(i) maximum number of start-stops constraint
Firstly, defining a switching variable of starting and stopping; definition etai,tWhether the unit i is switched to a starting state at the moment t or not is judged; definition of gammai,tWhether the unit i is switched to a shutdown state at the moment t，ηi,t、γi,tThe following conditions are satisfied:
Figure FDA0002810465450000051
Figure FDA0002810465450000052
the limitation of the start-stop times of the corresponding unit i is expressed as follows:
Figure FDA0002810465450000053
Figure FDA0002810465450000054
(j) equipment stability quota constraint
The equipment stability quota constraint is described as:
Ps min≤Ps,t≤Ps max
wherein, Ps,tIs the active power of the device s at time t, Ps maxIs the upper limit of the stability limit, P, of the device ss minIs the lower limit of the stability limit of the device s, typically-Ps max；
3) And solving the optimization model, calculating to obtain the start-stop state of each generator, and guiding the start-stop plan of the generator set at the day before.
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