CN112667611A - Electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method and system - Google Patents

Electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method and system Download PDF

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CN112667611A
CN112667611A CN202011546777.XA CN202011546777A CN112667611A CN 112667611 A CN112667611 A CN 112667611A CN 202011546777 A CN202011546777 A CN 202011546777A CN 112667611 A CN112667611 A CN 112667611A
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charging
electric vehicle
charging behavior
vehicle charging
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CN112667611B (en
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薛溟枫
毛晓波
陈心扬
赵振兴
潘湧涛
裴玮
吴寒松
费彬
杨艳红
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Wuxi Power Supply Co of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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Wuxi Power Supply Co of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract

本申请公开了一种电动汽车充电行为特征分析方法和系统,所述方法包括以下步骤:步骤1:获取充电桩的历史充电数据,筛选电动汽车充电行为特征数据;步骤2:对步骤1筛选得到的特征数据进行数据转换;步骤3:对数据转换后的特征数据进行数据清洗;步骤4:基于数据清洗后的特征数据,计算充电行为概率密度函数。利用电动汽车充电交易数据历史记录,通过改进的核密度估计方法,得到电动汽车充电行为特征的概率密度,通过概率密度函数体现电动汽车充电行为。

Figure 202011546777

The present application discloses a method and system for analyzing the characteristics of electric vehicle charging behavior. The method includes the following steps: step 1: obtaining historical charging data of charging piles, and screening the characteristic data of electric vehicle charging behavior; step 2: screening step 1 to obtain Step 3: Perform data cleaning on the feature data after data transformation; Step 4: Calculate the probability density function of charging behavior based on the feature data after data cleaning. Using the historical records of electric vehicle charging transaction data, through the improved kernel density estimation method, the probability density of electric vehicle charging behavior characteristics is obtained, and the electric vehicle charging behavior is reflected by the probability density function.

Figure 202011546777

Description

Electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method and system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis, and relates to an electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method.
Background
The electric automobile is used as a low-carbon and clean vehicle, more and more users select the electric automobile as a travel tool, and the charging demand of the electric automobile is greatly increased. The electric automobile charging station coverage area constantly expands, and the charging station user is also more and more. The behavior characteristics of the charging station user or the electric vehicle user are correctly identified, and the method has important significance for improving operation efficiency, improving operation and maintenance service quality and guiding charging behaviors of the user of an operation enterprise.
The charging load prediction of the electric vehicle, the formulation of an ordered charging guide strategy of the electric vehicle, the adjustment of charging service fees, the location and the volume of a charging station and the like are all premised on accurately grasping the charging behavior and the charging requirement of the electric vehicle. With the wide accumulation of data such as charging metering, trip survey statistics and the like, the data driving method which does not depend on model parameter hypothesis can reflect the charging behavior characteristics of the electric automobile more truly. The research on the behavior characteristics of the charging user mainly depends on charging transaction data, and the data only relates to the charging card number, the charging electric quantity, the transaction amount, the transaction mode, the transaction time and the transaction stake number of the user generally, and lacks accurate description on the user. How to capture user features from existing data depends on the choice of the correct study method.
The trip and the charging activities of the electric automobile have strong randomness, and the previous research method for the charging behavior of the electric automobile comprises the following steps:
1. the parameter estimation method, i.e. the conventional modeling method relying on empirical assumption, generally considers the charging behavior characteristics of the electric vehicle as a certain mathematical distribution, for example, considers the initial charging time as a normal distribution, and assumes the daily mileage of the electric vehicle as a lognormal distribution, so as to predict the charging load of the electric vehicle. Since the parameter estimation method is only applicable when the probability density of a certain feature conforms to a specific mathematical distribution, the parameter estimation method cannot obtain an accurate probability density function when the analyzed behavior feature does not conform to a specific mathematical distribution or when the analyzed behavior feature is a superposition of a plurality of mathematical distributions.
2. And analyzing the charging behavior characteristics of the electric automobile by adopting a nonparametric estimation method in a frequency distribution histogram mode. The frequency distribution histogram is simple and easy to calculate, but when the frequency distribution histogram is drawn, the group distance needs to be determined, if the group distances are different, the final frequency distribution histogram can generate a large difference, and the probability of each point can not be expressed continuously.
3. The non-parameter estimation method adopting kernel density estimation is simple in bandwidth calculation method, but when the bandwidth is calculated on actual data in a superposition form of a plurality of standard distributions by using a traditional bandwidth empirical formula, especially under the condition that the actual data quantity is not very large, the obtained probability density function is large in error.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the application provides an electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method and system, and the probability density of the electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic is obtained by utilizing the historical record of electric vehicle charging transaction data and an improved kernel density estimation method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring historical charging data of a charging pile, and screening charging behavior characteristic data of the electric automobile;
step 2: performing data conversion on the characteristic data obtained by screening in the step 1;
and step 3: carrying out data cleaning on the feature data after data conversion;
and 4, step 4: and calculating a charging behavior probability density function based on the characteristic data after data cleaning.
The invention further comprises the following preferred embodiments:
preferably, in step 1, the historical charging data of the charging pile is subjected to electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic data screening, and the electric vehicle charging behavior characteristics include: the charging system comprises a user identification number, a charging station number, a charging pile number, charging electric quantity, electric charge service fee, charging starting time, charging ending reason, charging date, week, whether double-break days, whether holidays are saved, weather types and average air temperature.
Preferably, the reason for terminating charging is: the method comprises the following steps of full charge of the electric automobile, termination of a user, illegal gun drawing, exhausted pre-charge amount, data verification error, communication fault, charging equipment fault and abnormal power failure.
Preferably, step 2 comprises the steps of:
step 2.1: unifying data formats, and unifying the data formats of different types of feature data;
step 2.2: analyzing the classified data, and converting the classified items of the feature data into numerical data;
step 2.3: derived feature data of the base feature data is calculated.
Preferably, step 3 comprises the steps of:
step 3.1: filtering null data, error data and repeated data;
step 3.2: filtering data of which the charging termination reasons are pre-charging amount exhausted, data verification errors, communication faults, charging equipment faults or abnormal power failure;
step 3.3: performing further abnormal data detection and filtering based on a density clustering algorithm;
step 3.4: and filtering out data which does not need to be analyzed according to actual requirements.
Preferably, step 3.3 comprises:
step 3.3.1: dividing the feature data into a plurality of subsets;
step 3.3.2: and (3) carrying out abnormal value detection on each subset by using a density-based clustering algorithm, taking the value which does not strongly belong to any clustering cluster as an abnormal point, and filtering abnormal data.
Preferably, in step 3.3.1, the generation of subsets follows two principles:
principle 1: selecting the features with the correlation degree larger than a threshold value in the feature data set through a correlation analysis method, and respectively using the features as a subset;
principle 2: and generating the subset according to the determined relation and meaning.
Preferably, in step 4, the charging behaviors of the electric vehicle users are classified according to different characteristics, and a probability density function of the charging behavior characteristics of each class of users is calculated, specifically, the probability density function of the charging behaviors of the electric vehicle users is calculated by a gaussian kernel function method, and the method includes:
step 4.1: calculating the number N of probability density function peaks from one-dimensional data of a certain characteristicp
Step 4.2: the optimal bandwidth is calculated according to the following formula:
hopt=(1.059σn-0.2)/Np
wherein: sigma is the standard deviation of the sample data, and n is the number of the sample data;
step 4.3: calculating a probability density function:
Figure BDA0002855932110000031
wherein: k (-) is a kernel function, a Gaussian function is selected as the kernel function, namely:
Figure BDA0002855932110000032
x represents random sample data, XiTo represent the ith known sample data.
Preferably, in step 4.1, NpThe specific calculation method comprises the following steps:
selecting a group distance with a proper small distance to group original data and counting frequency;
counting the number of peak values as N through a frequency distribution histogramp
Or low-pass filtering the frequency data and extracting peak values from the filtered data, wherein the number of the peak values is Np
The application also discloses an electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis system according to the electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method, the system comprises:
the characteristic data acquisition module is used for acquiring historical charging data of the charging pile and screening the charging behavior characteristic data of the electric vehicle;
the data conversion module is used for carrying out data conversion on the characteristic data obtained by screening;
the data cleaning module is used for cleaning the data of the feature data after the data conversion;
and the calculating module is used for calculating a charging behavior probability density function based on the characteristic data after data cleaning.
The beneficial effect that this application reached:
1. compared with a frequency distribution histogram, the probability density function can more accurately describe the charging behavior characteristics of the electric automobile, the invention also provides a bandwidth selection method suitable for analyzing the charging behavior of the electric automobile and solving the probability density function, and in practical application, the obtained probability density function has high result precision and good stability;
2. compared with the traditional bandwidth calculation formula, the bandwidth calculation method of the kernel density function provided by the invention has the advantages that: when data formed by mutually overlapping a plurality of distributions is processed, the probability density function obtained by the method is more accurate and has higher precision.
3. Compared with the traditional method for detecting the abnormal data by using all the characteristics to cluster and the like, the method for detecting the abnormal data by using the molecular set has the advantages that the method for detecting the abnormal data by using the molecular set can detect the abnormal data more accurately because certain correlation exists between the characteristics of each subset or certain significance exists.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for calculating a probability density function of a charging behavior according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a probability density diagram of charging duration in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method for analyzing charging behavior characteristics of an electric vehicle according to the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1: acquiring historical charging data of a charging pile, and screening charging behavior characteristic data of the electric automobile;
carry out electric automobile behavior characteristic data screening that charges to the historical charging data of filling electric pile, electric automobile behavior characteristic that charges includes: the charging system comprises a user identification number, a charging station number, a charging pile number, charging electric quantity, electric charge service fee, charging starting time, charging ending reason, charging date, week, whether double-break days, whether holidays are saved, weather types and average air temperature.
The reason for the termination of charging is: the method comprises the following steps of full charging of the electric automobile, termination of a user, illegal gun drawing, exhausted pre-charging amount, data verification error, communication fault, charging equipment fault and abnormal power failure;
step 2: and (3) performing data conversion on the feature data obtained by screening in the step (1), wherein the data conversion method comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: unifying data formats, and unifying the data formats of different types of feature data;
if weather information is acquired, data in a Json format is returned after the data interface is accessed; when the charging pile transaction data are acquired, XML format data or binary data can be returned. The data from different sources need to be analyzed and converted according to different formats, and the data is stored in a uniform format so as to be processed in the next step.
Step 2.2: analyzing the classified data, and converting the classified items of the feature data into numerical data, such as encoding non-numerical data of fault types, weather types, festivals and holidays and the like;
step 2.3: derived feature data of the base feature data is calculated. For example, the charging time period is calculated by using the charging start time and the charging end time.
And step 3: the method is characterized in that the characteristic data after data conversion is subjected to data cleaning, and the original data is mainly subjected to purification treatment, so that the reliability of the original data is improved, and the data analysis result is accurate as much as possible, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 3.1: filtering null data, error data and repeated data;
step 3.2: filtering data of which the charging termination reasons are pre-charging amount exhausted, data verification errors, communication faults, charging equipment faults or abnormal power failure;
step 3.3: performing further abnormal data detection and filtering based on a density clustering algorithm; the method comprises the following steps:
step 3.3.1: dividing the feature data into a plurality of subsets;
the generation of subsets follows two principles:
principle 1: selecting the features with the correlation degree larger than a threshold value in the feature data set through a correlation analysis method, and respectively using the features as a subset, for example, generating a correlation subset by adopting a Pearson correlation coefficient method;
principle 2: generating subsets according to the determined relation and meaning, wherein the charging time, the charging quantity and the weather characteristics can be used as one subset;
the same feature data may be present in multiple subsets.
Step 3.3.2: and (3) carrying out abnormal value detection on each subset by using a density-based clustering algorithm, taking the value which does not strongly belong to any clustering cluster as an abnormal point, and filtering abnormal data.
For example: the raw data of 4 characteristics of "charging duration, charging start time, charging electric quantity, electric charge service fee" are analyzed by using a correlation coefficient method, and the obtained result is a correlation coefficient matrix shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 correlation coefficient matrix of charging duration, charging start time, charging quantity, and electric charge service fee
Duration of charging Starting time Amount of charge Electricity fee service fee
Duration of charging 1 -0.153 0.327 0.387
Starting time 1 -0.161 -0.169
Amount of charge 1 0.995
Electricity fee service fee 1
Through the data in table 1, two characteristics of high correlation degree of "charging capacity and electric charge service fee" are selected as a subset, and meanwhile, because the charging time is considered to stay at the charging pile position for a long time after some electric vehicles are fully charged, the charging time is also taken into the subset. And carrying out abnormal value detection based on a density clustering algorithm on the subsets, and filtering abnormal data.
Step 3.4: filtering out data which do not need to be analyzed according to actual requirements, such as: and filtering records of which the charging time is less than 3 minutes, wherein the numerical value is obtained by analyzing actual data of the charging time, most records of which the charging time is less than 3 minutes are invalid data or the analysis value of the charging behavior of the electric automobile is not large.
And 4, step 4: and calculating a charging behavior probability density function based on the characteristic data after data cleaning.
Classifying the charging behaviors of the electric vehicle users according to different characteristics, and calculating a probability density function of the charging behavior characteristics of each category of users, specifically, calculating the probability density function of the charging behaviors of the electric vehicle users by a Gaussian kernel function method, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
step 4.1: calculating the number N of probability density function peaks from one-dimensional data of a certain characteristicp
NpThe specific calculation method comprises the following steps:
selecting a group distance with a proper small distance to group original data and counting frequency;
counting the number of peak values as N through a frequency distribution histogramp
Or low-pass filtering the frequency data and extracting peak values from the filtered data, wherein the number of the peak values is Np
Step 4.2: the optimal bandwidth is calculated according to the following formula:
hopt=(1.059σn-0.2)/Np
wherein: sigma is the standard deviation of the sample data, and n is the number of the sample data;
step 4.3: calculating a probability density function:
Figure BDA0002855932110000071
wherein: k (-) is a kernel function, a Gaussian function is selected as the kernel function, namely:
Figure BDA0002855932110000072
x represents random sample data, XiTo represent the ith known sample data.
Fig. 3 shows a charging duration probability density graph obtained by applying the above steps, in fig. 3, an area part is a frequency distribution histogram of the charging durations of the electric vehicle counted in groups according to 1 minute, a dotted line is an electric vehicle charging duration probability density function curve, an abscissa in fig. 3 is the charging duration, a left Y axis is an ordinate of the frequency distribution histogram and represents the charging frequency, and a right Y axis is an ordinate of the probability density curve and represents a probability value at the point. Fig. 3 shows the charging behavior of the electric vehicle through a probability density function.
An electric vehicle charging behavior feature analysis system, the system comprising:
the characteristic data acquisition module is used for acquiring historical charging data of the charging pile and screening the charging behavior characteristic data of the electric vehicle;
the data conversion module is used for carrying out data conversion on the characteristic data obtained by screening;
the data cleaning module is used for cleaning the data of the feature data after the data conversion;
and the calculating module is used for calculating a charging behavior probability density function based on the characteristic data after data cleaning.
The present applicant has described and illustrated embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the detailed description is only for the purpose of helping the reader to better understand the spirit of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and on the contrary, any improvement or modification made based on the spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种电动汽车充电行为特征分析方法,其特征在于:1. an electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method is characterized in that: 所述方法包括以下步骤:The method includes the following steps: 步骤1:获取充电桩的历史充电数据,筛选电动汽车充电行为特征数据;Step 1: Obtain the historical charging data of the charging pile, and filter the characteristic data of the charging behavior of the electric vehicle; 步骤2:对步骤1筛选得到的特征数据进行数据转换;Step 2: Perform data conversion on the feature data screened in Step 1; 步骤3:对数据转换后的特征数据进行数据清洗;Step 3: Perform data cleaning on the characteristic data after data conversion; 步骤4:基于数据清洗后的特征数据,计算充电行为概率密度函数,通过概率密度函数体现电动汽车充电行为。Step 4: Calculate the charging behavior probability density function based on the characteristic data after data cleaning, and reflect the electric vehicle charging behavior through the probability density function. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种电动汽车充电行为特征分析方法,其特征在于:2. a kind of electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: 步骤1中,对充电桩的历史充电数据进行电动汽车充电行为特征数据筛选,所述电动汽车充电行为特征包括:用户识别号、充电站号、充电桩号、充电电量、电费服务费、充电开始时间、充电结束时间、充电终止原因、充电日期、星期、是否双休日、是否节假日、天气类型和平均气温。In step 1, the historical charging data of the charging pile is screened for the characteristic data of electric vehicle charging behavior, and the electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic includes: user identification number, charging station number, charging pile number, charging quantity, electricity service fee, charging start Time, charging end time, charging termination reason, charging date, week, weekends, holidays, weather type and average temperature. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种电动汽车充电行为特征分析方法,其特征在于:3. a kind of electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: 所述充电终止原因分为:电动汽车充满、用户终止、违规拔枪、预充金额用完、数据校验错误、通信故障、充电设备故障和异常掉电。The reasons for the termination of charging are as follows: the electric vehicle is fully charged, the user terminates, the gun is drawn illegally, the precharge amount is used up, the data verification error, the communication failure, the charging equipment failure and the abnormal power failure. 4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种电动汽车充电行为特征分析方法,其特征在于:4. according to a kind of electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: 步骤2包括以下步骤:Step 2 includes the following steps: 步骤2.1:统一数据格式,将不同类型的特征数据进行数据格式统一化;Step 2.1: Unify the data format, unify the data format of different types of feature data; 步骤2.2:解析分类数据,将特征数据的分类条目转换成数值型数据;Step 2.2: Parse the classification data, and convert the classification entries of the feature data into numerical data; 步骤2.3:计算基础特征数据的导出特征数据。Step 2.3: Calculate the derived feature data of the base feature data. 5.根据权利要求1或4所述的一种电动汽车充电行为特征分析方法,其特征在于:5. a kind of electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method according to claim 1 or 4 is characterized in that: 步骤3包括以下步骤:Step 3 includes the following steps: 步骤3.1:过滤空值数据、错误数据以及重复数据;Step 3.1: Filter null data, wrong data and duplicate data; 步骤3.2:滤除充电终止原因为预充金额用完、数据校验错误、通信故障、充电设备故障或异常掉电的数据;Step 3.2: Filter out the data whose charging termination reason is the pre-charged amount being used up, data verification error, communication failure, charging equipment failure or abnormal power failure; 步骤3.3:基于密度的聚类算法,进行进一步的异常数据检测及滤除;Step 3.3: Use density-based clustering algorithm to further detect and filter out abnormal data; 步骤3.4:根据实际需求滤除不需要分析的数据。Step 3.4: Filter out the data that does not need to be analyzed according to actual needs. 6.根据权利要求5所述的一种电动汽车充电行为特征分析方法,其特征在于:6. a kind of electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: 步骤3.3包括:Step 3.3 includes: 步骤3.3.1:将特征数据分为多个子集;Step 3.3.1: Divide the feature data into multiple subsets; 步骤3.3.2:基于密度的聚类算法对每个子集进行异常值检测,将不强属于任何聚类簇的值视为异常点,滤除异常数据。Step 3.3.2: The density-based clustering algorithm performs outlier detection on each subset, regards values that do not strongly belong to any cluster as outliers, and filters out abnormal data. 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种电动汽车充电行为特征分析方法,其特征在于:7. a kind of electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: 步骤3.3.1中,子集的生成依照两种原则:In step 3.3.1, the generation of subsets follows two principles: 原则1:通过相关分析法选取特征数据集合中相关程度大于阈值的特征,分别作为一个子集;Principle 1: Select the features whose correlation degree is greater than the threshold in the feature data set by the correlation analysis method, and take them as a subset respectively; 原则2:依照确定的关系及意义生成子集。Principle 2: Generate subsets according to established relationships and meanings. 8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的一种电动汽车充电行为特征分析方法,其特征在于:8. a kind of electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method according to any one of claim 1-7, is characterized in that: 步骤4中,根据不同特征对电动汽车用户充电行为进行分类,并计算每一类别用户充电行为特征的概率密度函数,具体的,通过高斯核函数法,计算电动汽车用户充电行为的概率密度函数,方法如下:In step 4, the charging behavior of electric vehicle users is classified according to different characteristics, and the probability density function of each category of user charging behavior characteristics is calculated. Methods as below: 步骤4.1:对某特征的一维数据求取概率密度函数峰的个数NpStep 4.1: Calculate the number N p of probability density function peaks for the one-dimensional data of a certain feature; 步骤4.2:根据如下公式计算最优带宽:Step 4.2: Calculate the optimal bandwidth according to the following formula: hopt=(1.059σn-0.2)/Np h opt =(1.059σn -0.2 )/N p 其中:σ为样本数据的标准差,n为样本数据个数;Among them: σ is the standard deviation of the sample data, n is the number of sample data; 步骤4.3:计算概率密度函数:Step 4.3: Calculate the probability density function:
Figure FDA0002855932100000021
Figure FDA0002855932100000021
其中:K(·)为核函数,选取高斯函数作为核函数,即:Among them: K( ) is the kernel function, and the Gaussian function is selected as the kernel function, namely:
Figure FDA0002855932100000022
Figure FDA0002855932100000022
x表示随机样本,Xi为表示第i个已知样本数据。x represents a random sample, and X i represents the i-th known sample data.
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种电动汽车充电行为特征分析方法,其特征在于:9. a kind of electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis method according to claim 8, is characterized in that: 步骤4.1中,Np的具体求取方法为:In step 4.1, the specific calculation method of N p is: 选取组距对原始数据分组并统计频数;Select the group distance to group the original data and count the frequency; 通过画频数分布直方图,统计峰值的个数即为NpBy drawing the frequency distribution histogram, the number of statistical peaks is N p ; 或者对频数数据进行低通滤波,并将滤波后的数据提取峰值,峰值的个数即为NpAlternatively, low-pass filtering is performed on the frequency data, and peaks are extracted from the filtered data, and the number of peaks is N p . 10.根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的一种电动汽车充电行为特征分析方法的电动汽车充电行为特征分析系统,其特征在于:10. The electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic analysis system according to the method for analyzing the electric vehicle charging behavior characteristic of any one of claims 1-9, wherein: 所述系统包括:The system includes: 特征数据获取模块,用于获取充电桩的历史充电数据,筛选电动汽车充电行为特征数据;The characteristic data acquisition module is used to acquire the historical charging data of the charging pile and filter the characteristic data of the charging behavior of the electric vehicle; 数据转换模块,用于对筛选得到的特征数据进行数据转换;The data conversion module is used to perform data conversion on the characteristic data obtained by screening; 数据清洗模块,用于对数据转换后的特征数据进行数据清洗;The data cleaning module is used to clean the characteristic data after data conversion; 计算模块,用于基于数据清洗后的特征数据,计算充电行为概率密度函数。The calculation module is used to calculate the probability density function of charging behavior based on the characteristic data after data cleaning.
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