CN112666508B - Ocean electric field sensor testing system and testing method - Google Patents
Ocean electric field sensor testing system and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112666508B CN112666508B CN202011538064.9A CN202011538064A CN112666508B CN 112666508 B CN112666508 B CN 112666508B CN 202011538064 A CN202011538064 A CN 202011538064A CN 112666508 B CN112666508 B CN 112666508B
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Abstract
The invention provides a test system and a test method for an ocean electric field sensor, belongs to the technical field of ocean electric field sensor test, and can perform multi-index test. The test system comprises a signal generator, a test box, a test circuit and a data acquisition and recording subsystem, wherein the test box comprises an outer box and an inner box, a constant temperature water bath is arranged between the outer box and the inner box, and the inner box is filled with saline water and is provided with a conductive plate; the test circuit comprises a first acquisition end and a second acquisition end, the first acquisition end is connected with a first electrode of a sensor to be tested, a second electrode of the sensor to be tested is connected with a first single-pole double-position switch, the second acquisition end is connected with a second single-pole double-position switch, one wiring end of each of the two single-pole double-position switches is correspondingly connected, a first resistor is connected between the other wiring end of each of the two single-pole double-position switches, and a second resistor is connected between the second single-pole double-position switch and the first acquisition end; the data acquisition recording subsystem comprises a data acquisition module connected between a first acquisition end and a second acquisition end, and further comprises a main control module and a monitoring module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of testing of ocean electric field sensors, and particularly relates to a testing system and a testing method of an ocean electric field sensor.
Background
The ocean electromagnetic field detection technology is widely applied to ocean environment detection, ocean oil and gas resource detection, underwater target monitoring and the like at present, and an ocean electric field sensor is an important tool for ocean electromagnetic detection. Because the underwater electric field signal is very weak and the electric field frequency is very low, the potential drift, noise and the like of the electric field sensor can seriously influence the accuracy of the ocean electric field measurement. According to the requirements of marine electromagnetic detection, the marine electric field sensor is required to have low noise, low drift, low range, low impedance, high and small signal response and the like. Therefore, test evaluation of the ocean electric field sensor is crucial to ocean electric field detection.
The test indexes of the ocean electric field sensor mainly comprise: noise, drift, range, impedance, small signal response, etc. At present, a commercial low-noise amplifier is mainly used for testing in combination with a dynamic signal analyzer in the noise test, and the test scheme is high in cost and cannot completely match the bandwidth requirement of an electric field sensor. The drift and range test mainly adopts a commercial data acquisition instrument (such as an electrochemical workstation), and the scheme has the problems of unmatched impedance of an electrode and low test precision. The small signal response test mainly employs a signal generator in combination with a data acquisition instrument (e.g., an electrochemical workstation). There are two main methods for impedance testing: firstly, an electrochemical workstation is adopted, the measuring method is high in cost, and the electrode is easy to polarize and damage due to large electrode current passing through the electrode; and secondly, by adopting the internal resistance measuring method of the marine Ag/AgCl electric field sensor, which is provided by the patent, the internal resistance of the sensor can be measured under the condition that the polarization of the electric field sensor cannot be caused, but only the direct current impedance can be measured, and the alternating current impedance cannot be measured. Meanwhile, when the existing testing equipment is adopted, one set of testing tool needs to be replaced every time one index is tested, so that the testing efficiency is low and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the testing process of the electric field sensor, the invention provides the testing method and the testing system of the ocean electric field sensor, and the testing method of the ocean electric field sensor can test multiple indexes of noise, drift, range, impedance, small signal response and the like of the ocean electric field sensor, thereby improving the testing efficiency and the testing precision of the ocean electric field sensor and reducing the testing cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a test system of an ocean electric field sensor, which comprises:
the signal generator is used for sending out a sine wave signal;
the test box comprises an outer box and an inner box sleeved in the outer box, a constant temperature water bath is arranged between the outer box and the inner box, the inner box is filled with NaCl solution, two oppositely arranged current-conducting plates are arranged in the NaCl solution, the two current-conducting plates are respectively and electrically connected with the signal generator, and an accommodating space for accommodating the sensor to be tested is arranged between the two current-conducting plates;
the test circuit comprises a first acquisition end, a second acquisition end, a first single-pole double-position switch and a second single-pole double-position switch; the first acquisition end is electrically connected to a first electrode of the sensor to be detected, the first single-pole double-set switch is electrically connected to a second electrode of the sensor to be detected, and the second acquisition end is electrically connected to the second single-pole double-set switch; the first single-pole double-position switch is provided with a first terminal and a second terminal, the second single-pole double-position switch is provided with a third terminal and a fourth terminal, the first terminal is electrically connected with the third terminal, a first resistor is electrically connected between the second terminal and the fourth terminal, and a second resistor is electrically connected between the fourth terminal and the first acquisition end;
a data acquisition recording subsystem comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring test data and is connected between the first acquisition end and the second acquisition end;
the main control module is used for data acquisition control, data storage and system power management and is connected with the data acquisition module;
and the monitoring module is used for checking data in real time and processing the data, and is in communication connection with the main control module and the signal generator respectively.
Preferably, the data acquisition module comprises a pre-amplification unit connected between the first acquisition end and the second acquisition end, and a signal acquisition unit connected to the pre-amplification unit; the pre-amplification unit comprises an amplification circuit, a demodulation circuit and a low-frequency filter circuit which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the number of the preamplification units is 16.
Preferably, the main control module comprises a controller, and a data acquisition interface, a high-precision clock unit, a data storage unit, a data recovery unit, a power supply voltage detection unit, a power supply management unit and a communication unit which are respectively connected with the controller;
the controller is used for controlling data acquisition, controlling data storage and recovery processes and configuring power supply control parameters;
the data acquisition interface is connected to the data acquisition module and used for receiving the data acquired by the data acquisition module;
the high-precision clock unit is used for providing time information to the controller;
the data storage unit is used for storing data;
the data recovery unit is used for recovering data;
the power supply voltage detection unit is used for monitoring the power supply state of the system in real time;
the power management unit is used for managing and controlling the power supply condition of a system power supply to each electric device in the system according to the power control signal output by the controller;
the communication unit is used for communicating with the monitoring module.
Preferably, the main control module further comprises a temperature sensor for recording the temperature of the thermostatic water bath, and the temperature sensor is connected to the controller.
The invention also provides a test method of the ocean electric field sensor, which adopts the test system of the ocean electric field sensor to test and comprises the following steps:
a stabilizing step: placing a sensor to be tested in the NaCl solution of the inner box, and keeping the temperature constant and stable;
and (3) impedance testing: after the sensor to be detected is stable, generating a sine wave signal between the two conductive plates by using the signal generator; after receiving the sine wave signal, the sensor to be tested dials the first single-pole double-set switch in the test circuit to be connected with the second wiring terminal, the second single-pole double-set switch is dialed to be connected with the fourth wiring terminal, and the alternating voltage U between the first collection end and the second collection end of the test circuit is collected in real time through the data collection recording subsystem 1 According to the resistance value R of said second resistor, using ohm's law 2 Calculating to obtain the alternating current passing through the sensor to be measured
A first single-pole double-set switch in the test circuit is switched to be connected with a first wiring end, a second single-pole double-set switch is switched to be connected with a third wiring end, and alternating voltage U between a first acquisition end and a second acquisition end of the test circuit is acquired through the data acquisition and recording subsystem 2 The sensor to be measured is equivalent to a circuit formed by connecting a voltage source and an impedance in series, and the kirchhoff voltage law is utilized to obtain the resistance value R of the first resistor 1 And a resistance value R of the second resistor 2 And calculating to obtain the alternating voltage U = U at the two ends of the impedance of the sensor to be measured 2 -I×(R 1 +R 2 ) Calculating the impedance ^ of the sensor to be measured by using ohm's law>
Small signal response test step: after the sensor to be tested is stable, a first single-pole double-position switch in the test circuit is switched to be connected with a first wiring terminal, and a second single-pole double-position switch is switched to be connected with a third wiring terminal; generating a small-signal sine wave between the two conductive plates by using the signal generator, acquiring a voltage response signal between a first acquisition end and a second acquisition end of the test circuit in real time through the data acquisition and recording subsystem, and responding to the small-signal sine wave by the sensor to be tested if the voltage response signal is acquired;
noise testing: after the sensor to be tested is stable, a first single-pole double-position switch in the test circuit is switched to be connected with a first wiring terminal, and a second single-pole double-position switch is switched to be connected with a third wiring terminal; acquiring a voltage response signal between a first acquisition end and a second acquisition end of the test circuit through the data acquisition and recording subsystem, calculating and obtaining the total voltage noise density a of the sensor to be tested and the data acquisition and recording subsystem according to power spectrum analysis, and connecting the first acquisition end and the second acquisition end of the test circuitThe second acquisition end is in short circuit, the voltage response signal between the first acquisition end and the second acquisition end of the test circuit is acquired by the data acquisition recording subsystem, the voltage noise density b of the data acquisition recording subsystem is obtained according to power spectrum analysis calculation, and then the voltage noise density of the sensor to be tested
And (3) range testing: after the sensor to be tested is stable, a first single-pole double-position switch in the test circuit is switched to be connected with a first wiring terminal, and a second single-pole double-position switch is switched to be connected with a third wiring terminal; acquiring a voltage response signal between a first acquisition end and a second acquisition end of the test circuit in real time through the data acquisition and recording subsystem, wherein the voltage response signal is the range of the sensor to be tested;
potential drift testing: after the sensor to be tested is stable, a first single-pole double-set switch in the test circuit is switched to be connected with a first wiring end, a second single-pole double-set switch is switched to be connected with a third wiring end, voltage response signals between a first collecting end and a second collecting end of the test circuit are collected in real time through the data collecting and recording subsystem, and the maximum voltage response signals in the collecting time are V max The minimum voltage response signal is V min Then the drift potential delta V = V of the sensor to be measured in the acquisition time max -V min 。
Preferably, in the stabilizing step, the NaCl solution has a concentration of 3.5%, the constant temperature is 4 ℃, and the stabilizing time is 24 hours or more.
Preferably, in the stabilizing step, the method further includes that a first single-pole double-position switch in the test circuit is switched to be connected with a first terminal, a second single-pole double-position switch is switched to be connected with a third terminal, a voltage response signal between a first collecting end and a second collecting end of the test circuit is collected in real time through the data collecting and recording subsystem, and when the voltage response signal is stabilized below 1mV, the sensor to be tested is stabilized.
Preferably, in the impedance testing step, the frequency of the sine wave signal is 0.01 to 10Hz, and the amplitude is 100mVPP to 1VPP.
Preferably, in the small signal response test step, the frequency of the small signal sine wave is 0.01Hz to 10Hz, and the amplitude is 10mVPP.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the ocean electric field sensor testing system provided by the invention can realize multiple tests of impedance, small signal response, noise, range difference and potential drift, can comprehensively test the performance of the ocean electric field sensor, improves the testing efficiency of the ocean electric field sensor and reduces the testing cost;
2. the ocean electric field sensor testing system provided by the invention can realize alternating current impedance testing when used for impedance testing, is completely matched with an ocean electric field sensor and has high testing precision;
3. according to the ocean electric field sensor testing system, sine wave signals with different amplitudes and frequencies are generated through the signal generator, the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the ocean electric field sensor can be obtained, and the ocean electric field sensor can be evaluated more comprehensively;
4. the method for testing the ocean electric field sensor realizes the tests of impedance, small signal response, noise, range difference and potential drift, can comprehensively test the performance of the ocean electric field sensor, improves the testing efficiency of the ocean electric field sensor and reduces the testing cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a testing system for an ocean electric field sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a data acquisition and recording subsystem in an ocean electric field sensor testing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a main control module in the marine electric field sensor testing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for testing an ocean electric field sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a small signal response test result of an ocean electric field sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the total voltage noise test results of the marine electric field sensor and the data acquisition and recording subsystem according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a voltage noise test result of the data acquisition and recording subsystem according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the above figures: 1. a sensor to be tested; 11. a first electrode; 12. a second electrode; 2. a signal generator; 3. a test box; 31. an outer box; 32. an inner box; 33. water bath with constant temperature; 34. NaCl solution; 35. conductive plate (ii) a; 4. a test circuit; 41. a first acquisition end; 42. a second acquisition end; 43. a first single-pole double-position switch; 431. a first terminal; 432. a second terminal; 44. a second single-pole double-position switch 441 and a third terminal; 442. a fourth terminal; 45. a first resistor; 46. a second resistor; 5. a data acquisition and recording subsystem; 51. a data acquisition module; 511. a pre-amplification unit; 5111. an amplifying circuit; 5112. a demodulation circuit; 5113. a low frequency filter circuit; 512. a signal collector; 52. a main control module; 521. a controller; 522. a data storage unit; 523. a temperature sensor; 524. a high-precision clock unit; 525. a data recovery unit; 526. a power supply voltage detection unit; 527. a power management unit; 528. a data acquisition interface; 529. a communication unit; 53. and a monitoring module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be described and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided in the present application without any inventive step are within the scope of protection of the present application.
It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only examples or embodiments of the application, and that it is also possible for a person skilled in the art to apply the application to other similar contexts on the basis of these drawings without inventive effort. Moreover, it should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the specification. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments without conflict.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms referred to herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The present application is directed to the use of the terms "including," "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof, which are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions; for example, a method or article that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such method or article. Reference herein to the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc., merely distinguish similar objects and do not represent a particular ordering for the objects.
As shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the invention relates to a marine electric field sensor testing system, which comprises a signal generator 2, a testing box 3, a testing circuit 4 and a data acquisition and recording subsystem 5.
The signal generator 2 is used for sending out sine wave signals as signal sources for impedance test and small signal response test.
Wherein, the test box 3 includes outer container 31 and the inner box 32 of cover in outer container 31, for thermostatic waterbath 33 in order to provide the constant temperature test environment between outer container 31 and the inner box 32, institute's inner box 32 splendid attire has NaCl solution 34, is equipped with two current conducting plates 35 of relative setting in the NaCl solution 34, and signal generator 2 is connected in order to transmit the signal through two current conducting plates 35 in the electricity respectively to two current conducting plates 35, is the accommodation space of holding sensor 1 that awaits measuring between two current conducting plates 35. The conductive plate 35 is preferably made of graphite.
The test circuit 4 includes a first collecting end 41, a second collecting end 42, a first single-pole double-position switch 43 and a second single-pole double-position switch 44, the first collecting end 41 is electrically connected to the first electrode 11 of the sensor 1 to be tested, the first single-pole double-position switch 43 is electrically connected to the second electrode 12 of the sensor 1 to be tested, the second collecting end 42 is electrically connected to the second single-pole double-position switch 44, the first single-pole double-position switch 43 has a first terminal 431 and a second terminal 432, the second single-pole double-position switch 44 has a third terminal 441 and a fourth terminal 442, the first terminal 431 and the third terminal 441 are electrically connected, a first resistor 45 is electrically connected between the second terminal 432 and the fourth terminal 442, and a second resistor 46 is electrically connected between the fourth terminal 442 and the first collecting end 41. When the first single-pole double-position switch 43 is connected to the first terminal 431 and the second single-pole double-position switch 44 is connected to the third terminal 441, the first collecting terminal 41 and the second collecting terminal 42 are respectively and directly connected to two electrodes of the sensor 1 to be tested, and can directly collect a voltage response signal between the two electrodes of the sensor 1 to be tested, so that small signal response test, noise test, range test, potential drift test and impedance test can be conveniently carried out. When the first single-pole double-position switch 43 is connected with the second terminal 432, and the second single-pole double-position switch 44 is connected with the fourth terminal 442, the first resistor 45 and the second resistor 46 can be connected in series with the sensor 1 to be tested, voltage response signals at two ends of the second resistor 46 can be collected through the first collecting end 41 and the second collecting end 42, and then current signals passing through the sensor 1 to be tested are calculated, so that the voltage response signals between two electrodes of the sensor 1 to be tested can be combined together to complete impedance testing. The first resistor 45 functions as a current limiter, and preferably has a resistance value of 90 Ω, and the second resistor 46 preferably has a resistance value of 5 Ω, which is not too large.
The data acquisition recording subsystem 5 comprises a data acquisition module 51, a main control module 52 and a monitoring module 53, the data acquisition module 51 is used for acquiring test data, the data acquisition module 51 is connected between the first acquisition end 41 and the second acquisition end 42, the main control module 52 is used for data acquisition control, data storage and system power management, the main control module 52 is connected to the data acquisition module 51, the monitoring module 53 is used for real-time viewing and data processing of data, and the monitoring module 53 is in communication connection with the main control module 52 and the signal generator 2 respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, in the data collection and recording subsystem 5, the data collection module 51 includes a pre-amplification unit 511 connected between the first collection end 41 and the second collection end 42, and a signal collector 512 connected to the pre-amplification unit 511.
The pre-amplification unit 511 includes an amplification circuit 5111, a demodulation circuit 5112 and a low-frequency filter circuit 5113 which are connected in sequence, the low-frequency weak signal can be amplified to a high-frequency strong signal through the amplification circuit 5111, so as to reduce 1/f noise, the signal can be restored through the demodulation circuit 5112, external high-frequency interference can be reduced through the low-frequency filter circuit 5113, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the system can be improved. Preferably, in this embodiment, the number of the pre-amplification units 511 is 16, that is, the data acquisition and recording subsystem 5 includes 16 acquisition channels, which can realize simultaneous testing of 16 sensors to be tested 1, and is beneficial to improving the testing efficiency.
The signal collector 512 is used for collecting signals and transmitting the signals to the main control module 52. In this embodiment, the signal collector 512 adopts a high-precision 24Bits ADC MAX11040K, and during testing, the sampling frequency may be set to 1kHz.
As shown in fig. 3, in the data collection and recording subsystem 5, the main control module 52 includes a controller 521, and a data collection interface 528, a high-precision clock unit 524, a data storage unit 522, a data recovery unit 525, a power supply voltage detection unit 526, a power supply management unit 527, and a communication unit 529, which are respectively connected to the controller 521.
The controller 521 is used for controlling data acquisition, controlling data storage and recovery processes, and configuring power supply management and control parameters. In this embodiment, the controller 521 is implemented by using an FPGA and an ARM. The FPGA adopts an Intel company Cyclone III series FPGA EP3C16F484, the chip is provided with 16K logic units, 347I/O units are provided, and the chip internally contains 64KB RAM storage space. ARM adopts STM32F207IET6 of ST company, and the chip has the processing power of 150MIPS inside, contains 512KB on-chip flash memory and 128KB embedded SRAM, and when the full speed operation, the power consumption is only 22.5mA, is fit for long-time work.
The data acquisition interface 528 is connected to the data acquisition module 51, and is configured to receive data acquired by the data acquisition module 51.
Among them, the high precision clock unit 524 is used to provide time information to the controller 521.
Wherein the data storage unit 522 is used for data storage. In this embodiment, the data storage unit 522 includes a large-capacity SRAM and a 32G CF card; the selected SRAM IS a low-power static random access memory IS64WV204816BLL, the storage capacity IS 4MB, and the SRAM serving as a data cache can reduce the storage frequency of a CF card, reduce storage noise and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of a system; the CF card is used for realizing long-time data storage and ensuring long-time continuous and stable operation of the system.
The data recovery unit 525 is used for data recovery. In this embodiment, the data recovery unit 525 selects a GL3224 card reader chip, and the chip can be used to realize fast recovery of test data.
The power supply voltage detection unit 526 is used for monitoring the power supply state of the system in real time, and therefore stable, continuous and reliable operation of the system is guaranteed.
The power management unit 527 is configured to manage and control a power supply condition of the system power supply to each electrical device in the system according to a power control signal output by the controller 521, so as to ensure stability and reliability of the power supply, and enable the system voltage to be in a strong stable state during a long-time data acquisition and storage process.
The communication unit 529 is used for communicating with the monitoring module 53, and includes functions of sampling and extracting data, setting parameters, detecting a system, and the like.
Further, the main control module 52 further includes a temperature sensor 523 for recording the temperature of the thermostatic water bath 33, and the temperature sensor 523 is connected to the controller 521. In the embodiment, the temperature sensor with the model Tsic500 is adopted, the precision can reach +/-0.1 ℃, the temperature of the constant-temperature water bath 33 is recorded in real time by the temperature sensor, and the system testing precision can be guaranteed.
The ocean electric field sensor testing system can realize multiple tests of impedance, small signal response, noise, range and potential drift, can comprehensively test the performance of the ocean electric field sensor, improves the testing efficiency of the ocean electric field sensor, and reduces the testing cost. Meanwhile, the ocean electric field sensor testing system can realize alternating current impedance testing when used for impedance testing, is completely matched with the ocean electric field sensor, and is high in testing precision. In addition, the ocean electric field sensor testing system generates sine wave signals with different amplitudes and frequencies through the signal generator 2, can obtain the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the ocean electric field sensor, and is beneficial to making more comprehensive evaluation on the ocean electric field sensor.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention further relates to a method for testing an ocean electric field sensor, where the method for testing an ocean electric field sensor by using the system for testing an ocean electric field sensor includes the following steps:
s1, a stabilizing step: the sensor 1 to be measured is placed in the NaCl solution 34 of the inner box 32 and is stabilized at a constant temperature.
In the step, preferably, the concentration of the NaCl solution is 3.5%, the constant temperature is 4 ℃, the stabilization time is more than 24 hours, and the stabilization condition is close to the working condition of the ocean electric field sensor, so that the accuracy of the test result is favorably ensured. In order to ensure that the sensor 1 to be tested is stable, preferably, in the stabilizing step, the method further includes that the first single-pole double-position switch 43 in the test circuit 4 is connected to the first terminal 431, the second single-pole double-position switch 44 is connected to the third terminal 441, the voltage response signal between the first collecting terminal 41 and the second collecting terminal 42 of the test circuit 4 is collected in real time by the data collection and recording subsystem 5, and when the voltage response signal is stable below 1mV, the sensor 1 to be tested is stable. It should be noted that the distance between the two electrodes of the sensor 1 to be measured is preferably 10cm, and the distance between the two conductive plates 35 is preferably 20cm.
S2, impedance testing: after the sensor 1 to be measured is stable, a sine wave signal is generated between the two conductive plates 35 by using the signal generator 2; after the sensor 1 to be tested receives the sine wave signal, the first single-pole double-set switch 43 in the test circuit 4 is switched to be connected with the second terminal 432, the second single-pole double-set switch 44 is switched to be connected with the fourth terminal 442, and the alternating voltage U between the first collecting end 41 and the second collecting end 42 of the test circuit 4 is collected in real time through the data collecting and recording subsystem 5 1 According to the resistance value R of the second resistor 46, using ohm's law 2 And calculating to obtain the alternating current passing through the sensor 1 to be measured
The first single-pole double-position switch 43 in the test circuit 4 is connected with the first terminal 431, the second single-pole double-position switch 44 is connected with the third terminal 441, and the alternating voltage U between the first acquisition end 41 and the second acquisition end 42 of the test circuit 4 is acquired through the data acquisition recording subsystem 5 2 The sensor 1 to be measured is equivalent to a circuit formed by connecting a voltage source and an impedance in series, and the resistance value R of the first resistor 45 is determined according to the kirchhoff's voltage law 1 And resistance value R of second resistor 46 2 And calculating to obtain the alternating voltage U = U at the two ends of the impedance of the sensor 1 to be measured 2 -I×(R 1 +R 2 ) The impedance of the sensor 1 to be measured is calculated by using ohm's law>
In this step, it should be noted that the frequency of the sine wave signal is 0.01 to 10Hz, and the amplitude is 100mVPP to 1VPP. By changing the frequency of the sine wave signal, the alternating current impedance of the sensor 1 to be measured at different frequencies can be measured.
S3, small signal response testing: after the sensor 1 to be tested is stable, the first single-pole double-position switch 43 in the test circuit 4 is switched to be connected with the first terminal 431, and the second single-pole double-position switch 44 is switched to be connected with the third terminal 441; the signal generator 2 is used for generating a small-signal sine wave between the two conductive plates 35, a voltage response signal between the first acquisition end 41 and the second acquisition end 42 of the test circuit 4 is acquired in real time through the data acquisition recording subsystem 5, and if the voltage response signal is acquired, the sensor 1 to be tested responds to the small-signal sine wave.
In this step, it should be noted that the frequency of the small signal sine wave is 0.01Hz to 10Hz, and the amplitude is 10mVPP. By changing the frequency and amplitude of the small-signal sine wave, the response condition of the sensor 1 to be detected to different small-signal sine waves can be detected. FIG. 5 shows the small signal response test result of the sensor 1 to be tested to the small signal sine wave with frequency of 1Hz and amplitude of 4mVPP, and it can be seen from FIG. 5 that the voltage response signal is detected at 1Hz and the received signal strength is
The small signal response test of the ocean electric field sensor is realized through the step.
S4, noise testing step: after the sensor 1 to be tested is stable, the first single-pole double-position switch 43 in the test circuit 4 is switched to be connected with the first terminal 431, and the second single-pole double-position switch 44 is switched to be connected with the third terminal 441; acquiring voltage response signals between a first acquisition end 41 and a second acquisition end 42 of a test circuit 4 through a data acquisition recording subsystem 5, calculating and obtaining total voltage noise density a of the sensor 1 to be tested and the data acquisition recording subsystem 5 according to power spectrum analysis, short-circuiting the first acquisition end 41 and the second acquisition end 42 of the test circuit 4, acquiring voltage response signals between the first acquisition end 41 and the second acquisition end 42 of the test circuit 4 through the data acquisition recording subsystem 5, calculating and obtaining voltage noise density b of the data acquisition recording subsystem 5 according to the power spectrum analysis, and obtaining voltage noise density of the sensor 1 to be tested
In the step, the total voltage noise density of the sensor 1 to be measured and the data acquisition recording subsystem 5 are firstly obtained, and then the data acquisition is carried outThe voltage noise density of the data acquisition recording subsystem 5 is obtained in a short circuit mode of the collection recording subsystem 5, and then the voltage noise density of the sensor 1 to be tested is obtained through calculation, so that the noise test of the ocean electric field sensor is realized. It should be noted that the power spectrum analysis is a noise density calculation method commonly used in the art, and the specific steps thereof are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein. FIG. 6 shows the total voltage noise test result of the sensor 1 to be tested and the data acquisition and recording subsystem 5, FIG. 7 shows the voltage noise test result of the data acquisition and recording subsystem 5, and the total voltage noise density of the sensor 1 to be tested and the data acquisition and recording subsystem 5 can be calculated and obtained from FIG. 6
From FIG. 7, the voltage noise density @, which is calculated for the data acquisition and recording subsystem 5, can be determined>
The voltage noise density of the sensor 1 to be measured is calculated and obtained by adopting the calculation formula of the voltage noise density of the sensor 1 to be measured>
Thus, the noise test of the ocean electric field sensor is realized by the step.
S5, range test: after the sensor 1 to be tested is stable, the first single-pole double-position switch 43 in the test circuit 4 is switched to be connected with the first terminal 431, and the second single-pole double-position switch 44 is switched to be connected with the third terminal 441; the data acquisition and recording subsystem 5 acquires voltage response signals between the first acquisition end 41 and the second acquisition end 42 of the test circuit 4 in real time, namely the range of the sensor 1 to be tested.
In this step, it should be noted that when the first single-pole double-position switch 43 is switched to be connected to the first connection terminal 431 and the second single-pole double-position switch 44 is switched to be connected to the third connection terminal 441, the first collection end 41 and the second collection end 42 are respectively directly connected to two electrodes of the sensor 1 to be measured, so that the voltage response signal between the first collection end 41 and the second collection end 42 collected by the data collection and recording subsystem 5 is the range of the sensor 1 to be measured. Therefore, the step realizes the extreme difference test of the ocean electric field sensor.
S6, potential drift testing: after the sensor 1 to be tested is stabilized, the first single-pole double-position switch 43 in the test circuit 4 is switched to be connected with the first wiring end 431, the second single-pole double-position switch 44 is switched to be connected with the third wiring end 441, voltage response signals between the first collecting end 41 and the second collecting end 42 of the test circuit 4 are collected in real time through the data collecting and recording subsystem 5, and the maximum voltage response signal in the collecting time is V max The minimum voltage response signal is V min Then drift potential Δ V = V of the sensor 1 to be measured in the acquisition time max -V min 。
In this step, it should be noted that when the first single-pole double-position switch 43 is shifted to be connected to the first terminal 431 and the second single-pole double-position switch 44 is shifted to be connected to the third terminal 441, the first collecting terminal 41 and the second collecting terminal 42 are directly connected to two electrodes of the sensor 1 to be measured, respectively, so that the voltage response signal between the first collecting terminal 41 and the second collecting terminal 42 collected by the data collecting and recording subsystem 5 is the range of the sensor 1 to be measured, and the drift potential of the sensor 1 to be measured in the collecting time can be obtained by continuously observing the range in the collecting time. Preferably, the collection time of each potential drift test is 1 day and 7 times of continuous collection are preferred to ensure the accuracy of the drift potential measurement.
The method for testing the ocean electric field sensor realizes the tests of impedance, small signal response, noise, range difference and potential drift, can comprehensively test the performance of the ocean electric field sensor, improves the testing efficiency of the ocean electric field sensor and reduces the testing cost.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The ocean electric field sensor testing method is characterized in that an ocean electric field sensor testing system is adopted for testing, and the ocean electric field sensor testing system comprises:
the signal generator is used for sending out a sine wave signal;
the test box comprises an outer box and an inner box sleeved in the outer box, a constant temperature water bath is arranged between the outer box and the inner box, the inner box is filled with NaCl solution, two oppositely arranged current-conducting plates are arranged in the NaCl solution, the two current-conducting plates are respectively and electrically connected with the signal generator, and an accommodating space for accommodating the sensor to be tested is arranged between the two current-conducting plates;
the test circuit comprises a first acquisition end, a second acquisition end, a first single-pole double-position switch and a second single-pole double-position switch; the first acquisition end is electrically connected to a first electrode of the sensor to be detected, the first single-pole double-set switch is electrically connected to a second electrode of the sensor to be detected, and the second acquisition end is electrically connected to the second single-pole double-set switch; the first single-pole double-position switch is provided with a first terminal and a second terminal, the second single-pole double-position switch is provided with a third terminal and a fourth terminal, the first terminal is electrically connected with the third terminal, a first resistor is electrically connected between the second terminal and the fourth terminal, and a second resistor is electrically connected between the fourth terminal and the first acquisition end;
a data acquisition recording subsystem comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring test data and is connected between the first acquisition end and the second acquisition end;
the main control module is used for data acquisition control, data storage and system power management and is connected with the data acquisition module;
the monitoring module is used for checking data in real time and processing the data, and is respectively in communication connection with the main control module and the signal generator;
the method for testing the ocean electric field sensor comprises the following steps:
a stabilizing step: placing a sensor to be tested in the NaCl solution of the inner box, and keeping the temperature constant and stable;
and (3) impedance testing: after the sensor to be detected is stable, generating a sine wave signal between the two conductive plates by using the signal generator; after receiving the sine wave signal, the sensor to be tested dials the first single-pole double-set switch in the test circuit to be connected with the second wiring terminal, the second single-pole double-set switch is dialed to be connected with the fourth wiring terminal, and the alternating voltage U between the first collection end and the second collection end of the test circuit is collected in real time through the data collection recording subsystem 1 According to the resistance value R of said second resistor, using ohm's law 2 Calculating to obtain the alternating current passing through the sensor to be measured
A first single-pole double-set switch in the test circuit is switched to be connected with a first wiring end, a second single-pole double-set switch is switched to be connected with a third wiring end, and alternating voltage U between a first acquisition end and a second acquisition end of the test circuit is acquired through the data acquisition and recording subsystem 2 The sensor to be measured is equivalent to a circuit formed by connecting a voltage source and an impedance in series, and the kirchhoff voltage law is utilized to obtain the resistance value R of the first resistor 1 And a resistance value R of the second resistor 2 And calculating to obtain the alternating voltage U = U at the two ends of the impedance of the sensor to be measured 2 -I×(R 1 +R 2 ) Calculating the impedance ^ of the sensor to be measured by using ohm's law>
Small signal response test step: after the sensor to be tested is stable, a first single-pole double-position switch in the test circuit is switched to be connected with a first wiring terminal, and a second single-pole double-position switch is switched to be connected with a third wiring terminal; generating a small-signal sine wave between the two conductive plates by using the signal generator, acquiring a voltage response signal between a first acquisition end and a second acquisition end of the test circuit in real time through the data acquisition and recording subsystem, and responding to the small-signal sine wave by the sensor to be tested if the voltage response signal is acquired;
noise testing: after the sensor to be tested is stable, a first single-pole double-position switch in the test circuit is switched to be connected with a first wiring terminal, and a second single-pole double-position switch is switched to be connected with a third wiring terminal; acquiring a voltage response signal between a first acquisition end and a second acquisition end of the test circuit through the data acquisition recording subsystem, calculating and obtaining the total voltage noise density a of the sensor to be tested and the data acquisition recording subsystem according to power spectrum analysis, short-circuiting the first acquisition end and the second acquisition end of the test circuit, acquiring the voltage response signal between the first acquisition end and the second acquisition end of the test circuit through the data acquisition recording subsystem, calculating and obtaining the voltage noise density b of the data acquisition recording subsystem according to power spectrum analysis, and obtaining the voltage noise density of the sensor to be tested
And (3) range testing: after the sensor to be tested is stable, a first single-pole double-position switch in the test circuit is switched to be connected with a first wiring terminal, and a second single-pole double-position switch is switched to be connected with a third wiring terminal; acquiring a voltage response signal between a first acquisition end and a second acquisition end of the test circuit in real time through the data acquisition and recording subsystem, wherein the voltage response signal is the range of the sensor to be tested;
potential drift testing: the above-mentionedAfter the sensor to be tested is stable, a first single-pole double-set switch in the test circuit is switched to be connected with a first wiring end, a second single-pole double-set switch is switched to be connected with a third wiring end, voltage response signals between a first collecting end and a second collecting end of the test circuit are collected in real time through the data collecting and recording subsystem, and the maximum voltage response signals in the collecting time are V max The minimum voltage response signal is V min Then the drift potential delta V = V of the sensor to be measured in the acquisition time max -V min 。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the data acquisition module comprises a pre-amplification unit connected between the first acquisition end and the second acquisition end and a signal acquisition unit connected to the pre-amplification unit; the pre-amplification unit comprises an amplification circuit, a demodulation circuit and a low-frequency filter circuit which are connected in sequence.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the number of the preamplification units is 16.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the main control module comprises a controller, and a data acquisition interface, a high-precision clock unit, a data storage unit, a data recovery unit, a power supply voltage detection unit, a power supply management unit and a communication unit which are respectively connected with the controller;
the controller is used for controlling data acquisition, controlling data storage and recovery processes and configuring power supply control parameters;
the data acquisition interface is connected to the data acquisition module and used for receiving the data acquired by the data acquisition module;
the high-precision clock unit is used for providing time information to the controller;
the data storage unit is used for storing data;
the data recovery unit is used for recovering data;
the power supply voltage detection unit is used for monitoring the power supply state of the system in real time;
the power management unit is used for managing and controlling the power supply condition of the system power supply to each electric device in the system according to the power control signal output by the controller;
the communication unit is used for communicating with the monitoring module.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the main control module further comprises a temperature sensor for recording the temperature of the constant-temperature water bath, and the temperature sensor is connected to the controller.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the stabilizing step, the concentration of the NaCl solution is 3.5%, the constant temperature is 4 ℃, and the stabilizing time is more than 24 hours.
7. The marine electric field sensor testing method of claim 1 or 6, wherein: in the stabilizing step, a first single-pole double-position switch in the test circuit is switched to be connected with a first wiring terminal, a second single-pole double-position switch is switched to be connected with a third wiring terminal, a voltage response signal between a first collecting end and a second collecting end of the test circuit is collected in real time through the data collecting and recording subsystem, and when the voltage response signal is stabilized below 1mV, the sensor to be tested is stabilized.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the impedance testing step, the frequency of the sine wave signal is 0.01-10 Hz, and the amplitude is 100 mVPP-1 VPP.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the small signal response test step, the frequency of the small signal sine wave is 0.01 Hz-10 Hz, and the amplitude is 10mVPP.
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