CN112663399B - Wet nonwoven fabric for water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support body base material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wet nonwoven fabric for water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support body base material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wet-process non-woven fabric for a water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support body substrate and a preparation method thereof, wherein main fibers and hot-melt bonding fibers are used as raw material fibers, and the main fibers are made of PET; the hot melt bonding fiber comprises a surface layer and an inner core; the surface layer is made of modified COPET, and the inner core is made of PET; the method is characterized in that a wet-process non-woven fabric process is adopted, fiber dispersion, inclined net papermaking forming and drying in a drying cylinder are carried out, and then the non-woven fabric is formed into a whole through off-line external hot melting and rolling, and the whole body is of a single-layer structure; the invention adopts a distributed control system, has the characteristics of good product quality controllability, stable performance of finished products, simple, reasonable and easy operation of the preparation process flow, energy conservation and consumption reduction, and can meet the production requirements of reverse osmosis membranes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wet-process non-woven fabrics of support base materials, and particularly relates to a wet-process non-woven fabric for a water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support base material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the progress of society and the development of economy, the demand of purified water in various fields is continuously increased, the reverse osmosis membrane technology is rapidly developed and widely applied to the fields of steel industry, petrochemical industry, electric power industry, medicine, food, drinking water, municipal engineering, sewage recycling, seawater desalination and the like, and the demand of reverse osmosis products is rapidly increased.
The national and government related departments pay high attention to water pollution and water safety, and bring unprecedented opportunities for the development of reverse osmosis membranes. China introduced the national outer membrane production line since the 80 s of the last century. After decades of development, the film production technology and raw materials in China have basically realized localization, and the domestic market share is gradually improved. However, the non-woven fabric used as the substrate of the reverse osmosis membrane support still needs to be imported in large quantity at present, the domestic substrate non-woven fabric can not meet the requirements of domestic markets from both quality and quantity, foreign enterprises are in monopoly status on the technology, and the development of the membrane industry in China is seriously influenced.
At present, the non-woven fabrics on the market are formed by a dry method, a wet method, a melt-blown method, an air-laid method, a spun-bonded method and the like, wherein the wet method is adopted for manufacturing the non-woven fabrics, so that the energy consumption can be reduced, the manpower and material resources can be saved, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the production efficiency can be improved.
The reverse osmosis membrane is generally composed of polysulfone-based resin, polyamide-based resin, polyimide-based resin, or the like. However, reverse osmosis membranes formed of these materials are thin, have poor strength, cannot be used alone as reverse osmosis membranes, and cannot withstand high pressure of water flow if used alone. Therefore, the reverse osmosis membrane needs to be supported by a material having sufficient supporting strength and liquid permeability when used, that is, used in a manner of being attached to a nonwoven fabric.
Polysulfone and other materials are dissolved in organic solution to prepare osmotic membrane solution, and the membrane solution is coated on the smooth surface of the base material non-woven fabric, so that the high-strength reverse osmosis membrane is prepared. The non-woven fabric serving as the substrate of the reverse osmosis membrane support body has the advantages of excellent fiber web formation evenness, consistent thickness, good micropore structure, suitability for uniform air permeability, good surface smoothness, no fluffing, high tensile strength, small deformation, acid and alkali resistance, oxidation resistance and the like.
The existing non-woven fabric manufacturing method comprises the following steps: the polyester fiber is used to prepare the base material non-woven fabric with a density structure in the thickness direction, and the polysulfone solution can be coated on the smooth surface of the base material non-woven fabric and then can permeate to 1/2 or 2/3 of the thickness of the base material non-woven fabric while the low liquid passing resistance is kept, so that the coating solution is prevented from leaking to the back surface of the base material non-woven fabric. The polysulfone solution permeated into the base material non-woven fabric forms an anchoring structure in the base material non-woven fabric, so that the adhesion capability after film formation is enhanced, and the phenomena of layering and stripping are prevented.
After the base material non-woven fabric is subjected to film coating, subsequent cleaning and drying, the contraction of the non-coating film surface and the contraction of the coating film surface of the base material non-woven fabric are inconsistent, and the coating film surface is influenced by the contraction of the coating film layer, so that the longitudinal two sides of the reverse osmosis membrane after the coating film layer is cured are curled and folded towards the coating film surface, therefore, in the manufacturing process of the base material non-woven fabric, the contraction rates of the smooth surface and the reverse surface of the non-woven fabric need to have a certain difference, so that the phenomenon that the longitudinal two sides of the reverse osmosis membrane are curled or folded towards the coating film surface is avoided after a series of subsequent processing. Meanwhile, the tensile ratio of the longitudinal direction to the transverse direction of the base material non-woven fabric cannot be larger than 1.3:1, so that the shrinkage difference of two sides of the coated base material non-woven fabric is reduced.
In view of the problem of the coating process, patent publication No. CN102188910A (Mitsubishi, Japan) proposes a nonwoven fabric composed of a base material composed of at least two or more kinds of main synthetic fibers having different diameters and a binder, wherein the main synthetic fibers have a cross-sectional aspect ratio of 1.2 to 3.0, 1.4 to 2.5, from the coated side to the non-coated side 1/3 or 1/2 of the nonwoven fabric in the thickness direction as viewed by placing the nonwoven fabric in a cross-section SEM. The technology solves the problem that the polysulfone solution can penetrate into 1/3 or 1/2 parts in the non-woven fabric layer but cannot penetrate into the non-coating surface of the non-woven fabric layer. But the technology adopts a wet papermaking forming multi-layer non-woven fabric, and the multi-layer non-woven fabric is prepared by superposition, heating and pressurizing compounding; the process is complex, the flow is long, the cost is high, and the problem that the longitudinal two sides of the reverse osmosis membrane curl or generate folds to the membrane coating surface is not solved.
Patent publication No. CN20500090U (changzhou conjie) proposes a nonwoven fabric with three layers of base material, which is made by single-layer inclined-wire wet forming, wherein the fibers are distributed in multiple layers during the slurry flow conveying and forming process by different specific gravity of the fibers, and finally formed into a nonwoven fabric with upper, middle and lower layers. This state is theoretically possible, but in actual production, the fiber pulp is usually prevented from achieving the laminar state in which the fiber pulp is in this state, and the flocculation of the laitance is easily generated, which causes unstable production. The fibre pulp needs to be in a turbulent or slightly turbulent state from the transport to the forming in order to prevent flocculation of the fibre pulp.
In order to solve the problem of curling and wrinkling of the reverse osmosis membrane after the coating layer is cured, patent publication No. CN103429327A (japanese apollo) proposes a reverse osmosis membrane support body in which a plurality of base nonwoven fabrics are combined. Making each layer of non-woven fabric by an inclined net wet method, and performing hot pressing compounding to obtain a reverse osmosis membrane support body base material non-woven fabric with a multilayer structure; because the longitudinal and transverse tensile strength ratios of all layers are different, the multilayer base material non-woven fabric can be pre-bent towards one side of the non-coating layer by controlling the different longitudinal and transverse tensile strength ratios of all layers, so that the phenomenon that the coated surface is curled due to hot water cleaning and drying processes after subsequent coating is counteracted. However, the manufacture of the multilayer non-woven fabrics with different longitudinal and transverse tensile strengths requires a plurality of inclined wire paper machines with different production processes, so that the cost is huge, the preparation process is complex, the control difficulty of the longitudinal and transverse tensile ratios is high, and the cost reduction of enterprises is not facilitated. And this method does not make a solution to the above-mentioned coating process problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a wet-process non-woven fabric for a water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support substrate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the substrate non-woven fabric has good surface coating performance and good coating liquid permeability, and cannot permeate to the non-coating surface of the substrate non-woven fabric; after the coating layer is solidified, the prepared reverse osmosis membrane does not warp or wrinkle, the preparation process flow is simple to operate and easy to operate, the production efficiency can be obviously improved, the cost is reduced, and the product requirement is met.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a wet-process non-woven fabric for a water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support body substrate, raw material fibers of which comprise main fibers and hot-melt bonding fibers;
the main body fiber is made of PET; the hot melt bonding fiber comprises a surface layer and an inner core; the surface layer is made of modified COPET, and the inner core is made of PET;
the weight ratio of the main body fiber is 60% of the total weight, and the weight ratio of the hot melt bonding fiber is 40% of the total weight.
Further, the fiber diameter of the hot-melt adhesive fiber is 0.5-2 dtex, and the fiber length is 2-8 mm; the fiber diameter of the main fiber is 0.3-2 dtex, and the fiber length is 2-8 mm.
Further, the melting point temperature of the surface layer is 110-130 ℃ and 160-195 ℃; the melting point temperature of the inner core is 250 ℃; the melting point temperature of the main body fiber is 250 ℃;
the moisture absorption rate of the raw material fiber is 0.4%, and the heat shrinkage rate is 8-12%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the wet-process non-woven fabric for the water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support base material, which comprises the following steps:
a) dispersing and pretreating raw material fibers: putting raw material fibers into a fiber dispersing machine filled with water, continuously adding the water to a specified liquid level, and dispersing pulp to a fiber dispersing state; pumping the fiber slurry prepared in the fiber dispersing machine into a slurry storage tank, starting a stirrer of the slurry storage tank, adding a dispersing agent, and diluting and dispersing the fiber slurry until the fibers are in a single-fiber state and are suspended in water to prepare fiber slurry;
b) papermaking to produce a web: conveying the fiber pulp prepared in the step a) into a high-level pulp stabilizing box by using a chemical fiber pump, controlling the flow of the fiber pulp and stabilizing the pressure head of the fiber pulp; dispersing fiber pulp to the concentration of an upper net through multiple times of pulp washing and screening, and delivering the fiber pulp to an inclined net pulp flowing box; the fiber slurry is sent to a forming net through an inclined net head box, and is dehydrated and formed to prepare a wet fiber net;
c) squeezing and drying: transferring the wet fiber net prepared in the step b) to a pressing felt through a vacuum suction device, pressing the wet fiber net, carrying out pressing dehydration on the wet fiber net through a carrier roller, drying the wet fiber net through a Yankee cylinder and a hot air hood, controlling the temperature of a drying cylinder and the temperature of the hot air hood to be higher than the melting point temperature of the low-melting-temperature bonding fibers of the raw materials, and coiling the wet fiber net into rolls for later use through a coiling machine;
d) hot melting and rolling: transferring the fiber web curled into a roll in the step c) to a hot-pressing polishing process, preheating the fiber web, entering a first hot-pressing polishing machine, carrying out hot-rolling treatment, and carrying out hot-melting rolling on the fiber web to generate strength so as to obtain a base material non-woven fabric; the roller in the first hot-pressing polishing machine is a hard polishing roller, the upper roller and the lower roller are both metal mirror surface rollers, the roller surface temperature is higher than the melting point temperature of the fiber, the temperature and the linear pressure of the roller are reasonably controlled, the heat conduction mode of the roller is heat conduction oil, and the progress and the smoothness of the wet-process non-woven fabric are improved;
e) controlling the thickness of hot rolling: guiding the base material non-woven fabric prepared in the step d) into a second hot-pressing polisher for hot rolling treatment, adjusting the temperature and linear pressure of a roller, and performing thickness rolling control on the non-woven fabric to prepare the base material non-woven fabric; the middle roller of the second hot-pressing optical machine is a metal mirror roller, the temperature of the roller surface is equal to or less than the melting point temperature of the hot-melt fibers, the heat conduction mode of the roller is heat conduction oil, and the upper roller and the lower roller are heat-resistant rubber rollers;
f) quality detection and rolling: and e, detecting the appearance and the physical property of the base material non-woven fabric prepared in the step e, recording data, metering, winding and rolling.
Further, in the step a), the mass ratio of water to the fiber raw material in the fiber slurry prepared in the fiber dispersing machine is 1000: 5-10; the specific gravity of the water and the fiber raw materials in the pulp storage tank is 1000: 0.5-1;
the dispersing agent is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 8: 2, the molecular weight of the composite is 370-430 ten thousand, and the weight of the dispersing agent accounts for 2% of the weight of the fiber raw material.
Further, in the step b), the manufactured fiber net is dewatered through a vacuum dewatering box, the inclined angle of an inclined net in an inclined net head box is 5-25 degrees, the running speed is 10-40 m/min, and the pulp-net speed ratio is 0.95.
Further, in the step c), in the drying process, the temperature of the Yankee cylinder is 130 ℃, the time of the fiber web passing through the drying cylinder is 20-30 seconds, and the hot air temperature of the hot air cover is 125 ℃.
Further, in the step d), the temperature of a roller in the first hot-press polishing machine is 180-230 ℃, and the linear pressure of the roller is 70-100 kg/cm.
Further, in the step e), the temperature of the roller in the second hot-pressing glazing machine is 160-190 ℃, and the linear pressure of the upper roller and the lower roller is 60-150 kg/cm.
Further, the step a-c) is an inclined wire forming system, and the step d-f) is a hot press system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the non-woven fabric has a single-layer structure, adopts a Distributed Control System (DCS), and has simple and reasonable preparation process flow and easy operation. The specific process is as follows:
1) step a, dispersing and pretreating raw material fibers; chemical fiber pumps are used in the process of conveying the pulp, so that the flocculation and winding of the pulp hanging on the fibers are reduced; when the polyester staple fibers are used for papermaking, the fibers must be fully dispersed in water in order to obtain uniform texture, and the problem of fiber dispersion cannot be well solved by using a method of diluting a dispersing agent such as PEO type polyoxyethylene ether, PAM type polyacrylamide and the like in a slurry to a certain concentration, so that the invention selects the dispersing agent with the mass ratio of 8: 2, the molecular weight is 370-430 ten thousand, the weight of the dispersing agent accounts for 2% of the weight of the fiber raw material, the problem of fiber dispersion is favorably solved, after the dispersing agent is added, the viscosity of an aqueous solution is increased, the fibers dispersed to a single fiber state have suspension property, a hydration film consisting of the dispersing agent is formed on the surface of the single fiber, the fibers are effectively prevented from flocculation and winding, and the fiber pulp in the state can ensure good uniformity when the inclined net is dehydrated and formed; the addition of the dispersing agent improves the retention rate of the superfine fibers, so that the aperture and the porosity of the base material non-woven fabric are reduced; fiber slurry is in the dehydration process, the single face dehydration, the wire side superfine fiber part runs off, the front (coating face) fine fiber content of substrate non-woven fabrics is more than the reverse (non-coating face) for the positive degree of consistency of substrate non-woven fabrics is better, the aperture, the porosity is littleer, there is certain barrier property to the infiltration of coating liquid, be favorable to satisfying 1/3 or 1/2 department that coating liquid permeates to non-woven fabrics thickness, the bonding strength of coating and substrate non-woven fabrics is better, difficult layering is peeled off.
2) B, manufacturing a fiber net by using the paper, and conveying fiber slurry by using a special chemical fiber pump to reduce the slurry hanging phenomenon of long fibers; the high-level pulp stabilizing box is arranged, so that the flow of the fiber pulp can be effectively controlled, and the pressure head of the fiber pulp is stabilized; the adoption is washed thick liquid many times, and the effectual dilution precision that has improved, concentration is more stable, stabilizes the ration of non-woven fabrics, reduces the influence that the system fluctuation brought to effective control non-woven fabrics thickness, uniformity, aperture, it is ventilative more even, provide the basis for the even infiltration of follow-up polysulfone solution. The full-flow type head box and the inclined wire former provided with the head box control system are adopted for forming, the pulp wire speed ratio is directly regulated and controlled through DCS, the longitudinal and transverse arrangement of fibers can be controlled through regulating the vehicle speed and the wire speed, and the longitudinal and transverse tension ratio of the fiber web is not more than 1.3:1, so that the longitudinal two sides of the reverse osmosis membrane are prevented from curling towards a coating surface or generating wrinkles when the coating liquid coated with polysulfone is cured. And because the inclined net forming system is separated from the hot press system, the machine can detect the longitudinal and transverse tension ratio of the part of the fiber net manufactured by the paper machine under the inclined net forming system, and the adjustment and control are realized in advance.
3) C, squeezing and drying, wherein both the squeezing and the carrier roller squeezing adopt blind hole squeezing, so that the dehydration efficiency is improved; adopting a drying mode of a Yankee cylinder and a hot air steam cover, wherein the temperature of the surface of the Yankee cylinder is 130 ℃, and the temperature of hot air of the hot air steam cover is 125 ℃; the squeezed and dehydrated wet fiber net is peeled from the felt and runs along the cylinder surface of the Yankee cylinder, the temperature of the Yankee cylinder and the hot air cover is in the initial melting temperature range of the low-melting-point COPET/PET fiber, so that the fiber on the surface of the fiber net is thermally bonded, a certain tensile strength is formed, and subsequent non-net blanket support transmission can be carried out; the cylinder is attached to the reverse side (namely the non-coating side of the base material non-woven fabric), the dryness of the front side and the reverse side of the fiber web can be controlled by controlling the hot air temperature of the Yankee cylinder and the hot air hood, so that the contraction proportion of the fibers on the front side and the reverse side of the fiber web is different, a difference value is reserved in advance, the longitudinal two sides of the fiber web slightly warp (arch camber) to the reverse side, and the phenomenon that the coating side is curled due to the processes of hot water cleaning and drying after subsequent coating is counteracted. Due to the adoption of external hot pressing, the arching state is more convenient to adjust, and can be adjusted according to the warping or arching degree of the manufactured fiber web.
4) D, after preheating, carrying out first hard calendering on the surface of the metal roller at the temperature of 180-230 ℃, wherein the linear pressure of the roller is 70-100 kg/cm, and after the first hard calendering, the COPET/PET fibers contained in the base material non-woven fabric are bonded with other fibers through hot melting, so that the strength of the base material non-woven fabric is greatly improved; under the action of pressure, the thickness and air permeability of the base material non-woven fabric are reduced, but the base material non-woven fabric tends to be uniform. The second hot press polishing machine is soft press polishing, a three-roller two-press area is adopted for press polishing, a metal mirror roller is arranged in the middle, a heat-resistant rubber roller is arranged above and below the metal mirror roller, the surface temperature of the metal mirror roller is 160-190 ℃, and the linear pressure of the roller is 60-150 kg/cm to adjust the thickness and smoothness of the non-woven fabric; the process of the outside hot pressing is adopted, and the manufacturing of the fiber net and the hot pressing are not influenced mutually; c, secondary adjustment can be carried out on the fiber web manufactured by the step c in a hot press according to the warping or arching state, and the arching degree of the base material non-woven fabric is controlled by adjusting the temperature and linear pressure of two press polishing; meanwhile, in the hot pressing process, the temperature and the pressure of the hot pressing smooth roller are adjusted, so that the cross section of the fiber is deformed, the cross section is pressed from the original round shape to a flat shape or an elliptical shape, the aperture area among the fibers is further reduced, and the requirements of different apertures and air permeability of the base material non-woven fabric are met.
The invention provides wet-process non-woven fabric for a water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support body substrate and a preparation method thereof, and the wet-process non-woven fabric has the following advantages:
1) the base material non-woven fabric needs to have good surface coating performance, good coating liquid infiltration performance and no infiltration to the non-coating surface of the base material non-woven fabric; after the coating layer is solidified, the prepared reverse osmosis membrane does not generate warpage or wrinkles.
2) The reverse osmosis membrane support body is made of single-layer wet-process non-woven fabric fibers, and is produced through off-line hot pressing outside the machine, so that the controllability of the production process is good, the making efficiency can be greatly improved, and the defects of the hot calendaring process in the whole production line are avoided.
3) The prior reverse osmosis membrane support body has strict requirements on the aspects of finished product quantification, thickness, smoothness, air permeability, longitudinal and transverse tension and coating prevention permeability in the using process; the invention carries out fiber dispersion through related processes, and the paper making part of the paper machine adopts DCS distributed control to control and manage related parameters, so that the production is more stable and adjustable, and the yield and the quality of finished products are improved; the inclined-wire closed flow box control system is adopted to control the concentration, flow rate, pulp-wire speed ratio and the like of the on-line pulp, so that the uniformity of finished products can be obviously improved, the longitudinal-transverse tension ratio of the products can be reasonably controlled, and the instability of manual control can be avoided.
4) The wet-process non-woven fabric prepared by the method has more stable quality, lower energy consumption and easier operation, control and management; the production efficiency can be obviously improved, the cost is reduced, and the product requirements are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hot melt adhesive fiber of the present invention. (1) COPET (skin), (2) PET (core).
FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph (. times.500) of the nonwoven fabric of example 1;
in the figure:
1. an inner core; 2. a skin layer.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the essence of the present invention, the following embodiments are given only for illustrating how the present invention can be implemented, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and modifications, substitutions, structural modifications and the like of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention on the basis of understanding the technical scheme of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is covered by the claims and the equivalents thereof.
With reference to fig. 1-2, the invention discloses a wet-process non-woven fabric for a water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support substrate, wherein raw material fibers of the wet-process non-woven fabric comprise main fibers and hot-melt bonding fibers; the main body fiber is made of PET; the hot melt bonding fiber comprises a surface layer and an inner core; the surface layer is made of modified COPET, and the inner core is made of PET; the weight ratio of the main body fibers is 50-75% of the total weight, and the weight ratio of the hot melt bonding fibers is 30-50% of the total weight.
The base material non-woven fabric is required to have good surface coating performance, good coating liquid infiltration performance and no infiltration to the non-coating surface of the base material non-woven fabric; after the coating layer is solidified, the prepared reverse osmosis membrane does not generate warpage or wrinkles
The wet-process non-woven fabric is of a single-layer structure, and the hot-melt adhesive fibers are concentric circular fibers formed by surface-layer modified COPET polyester and core PET polyester.
Wherein the weight of the main fiber accounts for 60 of the weight of the raw material fiber; the length of the main body fiber is 2-8 mm; preferably, the length of the host fiber is 4-6 mm; the diameter of the main fiber is 0.3-2 dtex; preferably, the diameter of the host fiber is 0.8 to 1.5 dtex.
The weight of the hot melt bonding fiber accounts for 40 percent of the weight of the raw material fiber; the fiber diameter of the hot-melt adhesive fiber is 0.5-2 dtex; preferably, the fiber diameter is 1-1.5 tex; the length of the hot-melt bonding fiber is 2-8 mm; preferably, the length of the hot melt adhesive fibres is 4-6 mm;
the melting point temperature of the surface layer is 110-130 ℃ and 160-195 ℃; preferably, the melting point temperature of the surface layer is 110 ℃ and 180 ℃; the melting point temperature of the inner core is 250 ℃; the melting point temperature of the main body fiber is 250 ℃;
the moisture absorption rate of the raw material fiber is 0.4%, and the heat shrinkage rate is 8-12%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the wet-process non-woven fabric for the water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support base material, which comprises the following steps:
a) dispersing and pretreating raw material fibers: putting raw material fibers into a fiber dispersing machine filled with water, continuously adding the water to a specified liquid level, and dispersing pulp to a fiber dispersing state; pumping the fiber slurry prepared in the fiber dispersing machine into a slurry storage tank, starting a stirrer of the slurry storage tank, adding a dispersing agent, and diluting and dispersing the fiber slurry until the fibers are in a single-fiber state and are suspended in water to prepare fiber slurry;
the main fiber and the hot melt adhesive fiber which constitute the non-woven fabric have hydrophobic characteristics, so that the non-woven fabric is not easy to maintain in a dispersion state in water, is easy to flocculate, is easy to interweave and twine, and affects the uniformity of the net part forming. The addition of the dispersing agent can increase the viscosity of the aqueous solution, improve the suspension property of the fiber in water, reduce the settling velocity of the fiber, and form a hydrated film consisting of a layer of the dispersing agent on the surface of a single fiber to reduce the flocculation and winding of the fiber; in order to obtain a fiber having good dispersion which is advantageous for paper making, the dispersant is PEO type polyoxyethylene ether or PAM type polyacrylamide, but the dispersion effect is not so good. In the invention, the dispersant is a dispersant prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 8: 2, the molecular weight is 370-430 ten thousand, the weight of the dispersing agent accounts for 2% of the weight of the fiber raw material, and the fiber pretreated by the novel dispersing agent has excellent dispersibility and enough suspension time in water.
The dispersing agent is added into the fiber slurry, so that the flocculation and winding of fibers can be reduced, and the suspension state of the fibers is more stable; the increase of the viscosity of the fiber slurry is beneficial to improving the retention rate of the fiber in the inclined wire forming process, reducing the loss of the superfine fiber and reducing the difference of two formed surfaces. In the invention, the molecular weight of the dispersing agent is preferably more than 350 ten thousand, more preferably 370-430 ten thousand, and the weight of the dispersing agent accounts for 2% of the weight of the fiber raw material.
Preferably, the mass ratio of water to the fiber raw material in the fiber slurry prepared in the fiber dispersing machine is 1000: 5-10; the specific gravity of the water and the fiber raw materials in the pulp storage tank is 1000: 0.5-1.
b) Papermaking to form a fiber web: conveying the fiber pulp prepared in the step a) to a high-position pulp stabilizing box by using a chemical fiber pump, controlling the flow of the fiber pulp, and stabilizing the pressure head of the fiber pulp; dispersing fiber pulp to the concentration of an upper net through multiple times of pulp washing and screening, and delivering the fiber pulp to an inclined net pulp flowing box; the fiber slurry is sent to a forming net through an inclined net head box, and is dehydrated and formed to prepare a wet fiber net; the process adopts a full-flow closed inclined-wire pulp flow box and is provided with an advanced pulp flow box control system, and the speed ratio of the pulp flow box can be simply, conveniently and accurately controlled through a Distributed Control System (DCS), so that the longitudinal and transverse tension can be regulated and controlled.
The inclined net pulp flowing box uses the central pulp distributor with pulse attenuator to distribute pulp, the whole paper machine cross-web conveys pulp to the flow speed box under the same pressure, the orientation distribution of the fiber is not interfered, the inclined net forming process is carried out stably without interference flow state, and the uniform cross-web ration is kept. The inclined angle of the inclined wire part can be adjusted, but the inclined angle needs to be controlled within a certain range, the inclined angle is too small, the dehydration strength is low, the fiber is easy to be oriented along the turbulent motion direction, and the aspect ratio of the molded fiber is increased. The inclination angle is too large, the dehydration strength is large, the fiber retention rate is reduced, and the forming evenness is influenced. The inclined angle of the inclined net is preferably 5-25 degrees, more preferably 10-20 degrees, and most preferably 20 degrees.
The running speed of the inclined wire is preferably 10-40 m/min, and in consideration of press dewatering, drying of a drying part and the production capacity of a paper machine, the running speed is more preferably 20-30 m/min.
The pulp wire speed ratio of the inclined wire operation is closely related to the forming, dewatering and forming quality of the fiber, the pulp wire speed ratio is generally slightly less than 1, the wire speed is slightly greater than the pulp speed, and the fiber pulp is subjected to traction force along the forming wire direction after being fed onto the wire, so that the fiber arrangement on the front side and the back side in the paper web forming process has certain difference, the fiber dispersion is facilitated, the flocculation is reduced, and the uniformity is improved; but the speed ratio of the pulp net can not be too small, if the speed ratio is too small, the fiber pulp is too large under the traction action of the forming net, the longitudinal arrangement of the fibers is increased, and the longitudinal/transverse tensile strength ratio of the formed non-woven fabric is increased; the non-woven fabric of the invention requires a strength ratio in the longitudinal and transverse directions to be close, and in order to increase the fibers arranged in the transverse direction, the preferred pulp-to-web ratio is 0.95.
c) Squeezing and drying: transferring the wet fiber web prepared in the step b) to a pressing felt through a vacuum suction device, pressing the wet fiber web, carrying out roller pressing dehydration, drying a Yankee cylinder and a hot air steam cover, and controlling the temperature of the drying cylinder and the steam cover to be higher than the melting point temperature of the low-melting-point hot-melt bonding fiber of the raw materials to realize the primary bonding forming of the hot-melt fiber web; the fiber web after the pressing and drying treatment has certain tightness and strength, so that the fiber web can meet the requirements of paper machine curling and subsequent hot pressing, and is coiled into a roll for standby by a coiling machine;
after the inclined wire part is formed, the wet paper web is transferred to the press felt in a preferable vacuum suction mode, so that the paper breaking phenomenon of the wet paper web caused by strength or production defects is reduced; after further dewatering by pressing, the moisture of the fiber is still very high, and the subsequent drying and dewatering are needed. The invention preferably selects a mode of a Yangke large heating air hood for drying; the Yankee cylinder is adopted, so that a support carrier and a drying heat source can be provided for a paper web, the Yankee cylinder can also be used as a roller to be matched with a carrier roller, the effect of hot roller pressing is achieved, and the cylinder surface temperature of the Yankee cylinder is preferably 125 ℃; the hot air hood is preferably a breathing type air hood which can effectively achieve drying and dehumidifying effects, and the hot air temperature is preferably 130 ℃.
d) Hot melting and rolling: transferring the fiber web curled into a roll in the step c) to a hot-pressing polishing process, preheating the fiber web, entering a first hot-pressing polishing machine, carrying out hot-rolling treatment, and carrying out hot-melting rolling on the fiber web to generate strength, so that the thickness is more uniform, and thus the base material non-woven fabric is prepared;
the first hot-pressing glazing machine is a hard press roller hot-pressing glazing machine, the upper roller and the lower roller are both metal mirror surface rollers, the roller surface temperature is higher than the melting point temperature of the high-melting-point hot-melt bonding fiber, the roller heat conduction mode is heat conduction oil, and the progress and smoothness of the wet-process non-woven fabric are improved;
the performance indexes of the non-woven fabric such as strength, smoothness, air permeability, thickness and the like after being rolled down by the paper machine do not meet the use requirements, and the non-woven fabric needs to be treated by a subsequent hot pressing process. The invention preferably adopts two hot pressing treatments, after the preheating treatment, the first hot pressing treatment is hard pressing photo-thermal pressing, the hard pressing temperature is preferably 180-230 ℃, the roller line pressure is preferably 70-100 kg/cm, after the first hard pressing, the COPET/PET fibers contained in the base material non-woven fabric are bonded with other fibers through hot melting, and the strength of the base material non-woven fabric is greatly improved
e) Controlling the thickness of hot rolling: guiding the base material non-woven fabric prepared in the step d) into a second hot-pressing polisher for hot rolling treatment, adjusting the linear pressure of a roller, and performing thickness rolling control on the non-woven fabric to prepare the base material non-woven fabric; the second hot-pressing polishing machine is a metal mirror roller, the temperature of the roller surface is equal to or less than the melting point temperature of the high-melting-point hot-melt adhesive fiber, the heat conduction mode of the roller is heat conduction oil, and the upper roller and the lower roller are heat-resistant rubber rollers;
the second hot calender is a soft calender roll hot calender, a three-roll two-nip calendering is adopted, the thickness and smoothness of the non-woven fabric are adjusted, the soft calendering temperature is preferably 160-190 ℃, and the linear pressure of a roller is preferably 60-150 kg/cm; under the action of pressure and heat, the thickness and air permeability of the base material non-woven fabric are reduced, but the base material non-woven fabric tends to be uniform.
f) Quality detection and rolling: and e, detecting the appearance and the physical property of the base material non-woven fabric prepared in the step e, recording data, metering, winding and rolling.
In the steps, the step a-c) is an inclined wire forming system, and the step d-f) is a hot press system.
To further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following examples are specifically illustrated.
Example 1
A wet-process non-woven fabric for a water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support body substrate, raw material fibers of which comprise main fibers and hot-melt bonding fibers; the material of the main body fiber is PET; the hot melt bonding fiber comprises a surface layer and an inner core; the surface layer is made of modified COPET, and the inner core is made of PET; the weight ratio of the main body fiber is 60 percent of the total weight, and the weight ratio of the hot melt bonding fiber is 40 percent of the total weight;
the diameter of the main fiber is 1.0dtex, and the fiber length is 6 mm; the diameter of the hot-melt bonding fiber is 1.1dtex, and the fiber length is 6 mm; the ratio of the melting point of the COPET fiber on the surface layer to the melting point of 180 ℃ is 3:7, and the melting point of the inner core is 250 ℃; the melting point temperature of the main fiber is 250 ℃; the moisture absorption rate of the raw material fiber was 0.4%, and the heat shrinkage rate was 10%.
The dispersing agent is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 8: 2, (the molecular weight is 400 ten thousand, relative to the raw material fiber weight is 2 percent) is dispersed in water, and the pulp mesh speed ratio is 0.95 through inclined mesh forming (the inclined angle is 20 degrees, the running speed is 15 m/min);
the preparation method of the wet-process non-woven fabric for the water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support base material comprises the following steps:
a) dispersing and pretreating raw material fibers: putting raw material fibers into a fiber dispersing machine filled with water, continuously adding the water to a specified liquid level, dispersing pulp to a fiber dispersing state, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the fiber raw materials in fiber pulp prepared in the fiber dispersing machine is 1000: 5; pumping the fiber slurry prepared in the fiber dispersing machine into a slurry storage tank, starting a stirrer of the slurry storage tank, adding a dispersing agent, diluting and dispersing the fiber slurry until the fibers are in a single-fiber state and suspended in water to prepare the fiber slurry, wherein the specific gravity of the water and the fiber raw materials in the slurry storage tank is 1000: 0.5;
b) papermaking to form a fiber web: conveying the fiber pulp prepared in the step a) into a high-level pulp stabilizing box by using a chemical fiber pump, controlling the flow of the fiber pulp and stabilizing the pressure head of the fiber pulp; dispersing fiber pulp to the concentration of an upper net through multiple times of pulp washing and screening, and delivering the fiber pulp to an inclined net pulp flowing box; the fiber slurry is sent to a forming net through an inclined net flow box and is dehydrated through a vacuum dehydration box to prepare a wet fiber net;
c) squeezing and drying: transferring the wet fiber net prepared in the step b) to a pressing felt through a vacuum suction device, pressing the wet fiber net, carrying out roller pressing dehydration, drying a Yankee cylinder and a hot air hood, wherein in the drying process, the temperature of the Yankee cylinder is 125 ℃, the time of the fiber net passing through a drying cylinder is 25 seconds, the hot air temperature of the hot air hood is 130 ℃, and the fiber net is coiled into a roll for later use through a coiling machine;
d) hot melting and rolling: transferring the fiber web curled into a roll in the step c) to a hot-pressing polishing process, preheating the fiber web, entering a first hot-pressing polishing machine, carrying out hot-rolling treatment, and carrying out hot-melting rolling on the fiber web to generate strength so as to obtain a base material non-woven fabric; the roller in the first hot-pressing optical machine is a hard press roller, the upper roller and the lower roller are both metal mirror rollers, the temperature of the roller in the first hot-pressing optical machine is 200 ℃, the linear pressure of the roller is 80kg/cm, the heat conduction mode of the roller is heat conduction oil, and the progress and smoothness of the wet-process non-woven fabric are improved;
e) controlling the thickness of hot rolling: guiding the base material non-woven fabric prepared in the step d) into a second hot-pressing polisher for hot rolling treatment, adjusting the temperature and linear pressure of a roller, and performing thickness rolling control on the non-woven fabric to prepare the base material non-woven fabric; the second hot-pressing glazing machine middle roller is a metal mirror roller, the temperature of the second hot-pressing glazing machine middle roller is 180 ℃, the linear pressure of the upper roller and the lower roller is 100kg/cm, the heat conduction oil is adopted as the heat conduction mode of the rollers, and the upper roller and the lower roller are heat-resistant rubber rollers;
f) quality detection and rolling: and e, detecting the appearance and the physical property of the base material non-woven fabric prepared in the step e, recording data, metering, winding and rolling.
Finally, the obtained surface density is 75g/cm 2 The base material nonwoven fabric of (1).
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is based on example 1, and the difference is that the ratio of the melting point of the COPET fiber on the surface layer to the melting point of 180 ℃ is 2:8, and the final obtained surface density is 76g/cm 2 The base material nonwoven fabric of (1).
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is based on example 1, and the difference is that the surface layer COPET fiberThe ratio of fibers having a melting point of 110 ℃ to a melting point of 180 ℃ is 4: 6, finally obtaining the surface density of 75g/cm 2 The base material nonwoven fabric of (1).
Example 4:
the difference from the embodiment 1 is based on the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the cylinder surface temperature of the Yankee cylinder is 120 ℃, the hot air hood temperature is 135 ℃, and the final prepared surface density is 75g/cm 2 The base material nonwoven fabric of (1).
Example 5:
the difference from the example 1 is based on the example 1, and the difference is that the cylinder surface temperature of the Yankee cylinder is 130 ℃, the hot air hood temperature is 125 ℃, and the final obtained surface density is 75g/cm 2 The base material nonwoven fabric of (1).
Comparative example 1
The difference from the example 1 is based on the example 1, and the difference is that the main fiber PET accounts for 70 percent of the total weight of the raw material fiber, the hot melt bonding fiber accounts for 30 percent of the total weight of the raw material fiber, and the final obtained surface density is 76g/cm 2 The base material nonwoven fabric of (1).
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is based on example 1, and the difference is that the main fiber PET accounts for 50% of the total weight of the raw material fiber, the hot melt bonding fiber accounts for 50% of the total weight of the raw material fiber, and the final obtained surface density is 78g/cm 2 The base material nonwoven fabric of (1).
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is based on example 1, which is distinguished by a wire speed ratio of 0.99 and a final areal density of 75g/cm 2 The base material nonwoven fabric of (1).
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is based on example 1, which is distinguished by a wire speed ratio of 0.91 and a final areal density of 77g/cm 2 The base material nonwoven fabric of (1).
Comparative example 5
The difference from the example 1 is based on the example 1, and the difference is that the cylinder surface temperature of the Yankee cylinder is 120 ℃, the hot air hood temperature is 130 ℃, and the final obtained surface density is 74g/cm 2 The base material nonwoven fabric of (1).
Comparative example 6
The difference from the embodiment 1 is based on the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the cylinder surface temperature of the Yankee cylinder is 130 ℃, the hot air hood temperature is 130 ℃, and the final obtained surface density is 76g/cm 2 The base nonwoven fabric of (1).
Comparative example 7
The difference from the example 1 is based on the example 1, and the difference is that the cylinder surface temperature of the Yankee cylinder is 125 ℃, the hot air hood temperature is 125 ℃, and the final obtained surface density is 75g/cm 2 The base material nonwoven fabric of (1).
Comparative example 8
The difference from the example 1 is based on the example 1, and the difference is that the cylinder surface temperature of the Yankee cylinder is 125 ℃, the hot air hood temperature is 135 ℃, and the final obtained surface density is 75g/cm 2 The base material nonwoven fabric of (1).
Comparative example 9
The difference from example 1 is based on example 1, and the difference is that the molecular weight of the novel dispersant is 400 ten thousand, which accounts for 1 percent of the weight of the raw material fiber, and the final obtained surface density is 75g/cm 2 The base material nonwoven fabric of (1).
Comparative example 10
The difference from example 1 is based on example 1, and the difference is that the molecular weight of the novel dispersant is 400 ten thousand, which accounts for 3 percent of the weight of the raw material fiber, and the final obtained surface density is 77g/cm 2 The base material nonwoven fabric of (1).
The nonwoven fabric obtained in example 1 was subjected to SEM test, and the results are shown in FIG. 2.
The wet laid nonwoven fabrics for water treatment of the reverse osmosis membrane support substrates prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 10 were subjected to the relevant tests, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 results of the experiment
As can be seen from Table 1, the effects on the product, such as the fiber ratio, the amount of the dispersant used, the inclination of the inclined wire, the cylinder surface of the Yankee cylinder, and the temperature of the hot air hood, can be seen by comparing examples 1 to 5 with comparative examples 1 to 10.
In examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1 and 2, the influence of the proportion of the main fibers and the hot-melt bonding fibers and the proportion of two fibers with different melting point temperatures in the hot-melt fibers on the smoothness, air permeability, mechanical properties, permeability resistance and the like of the base material non-woven fabric are compared; by comparison, the smoothness and air permeability of the base material non-woven fabric can be improved by adjusting the fiber proportion and the melting point of the hot-melt fiber skin layer, and the anti-permeability of the coating surface is further improved.
In example 1 and comparative examples 3 and 4, the influence of the pulp web speed ratio on the smoothness, air permeability, mechanical properties, permeability resistance and the like of the base nonwoven fabric is compared; as can be seen from the comparison, the pulp web speed ratio has a larger influence on the longitudinal and transverse tensile strength ratio MD/CD of the base material non-woven fabric; the ratio of the pulp mesh is adjusted to adjust the longitudinal and transverse tensile strength ratio, and the shrinkage difference of the two surfaces is reduced, so that the base material non-woven fabric which meets the use condition of the reverse osmosis membrane is prepared.
In examples 1, 4 and 5 and comparative examples 5 to 8, the influence of the Yankee cylinder drying temperature and the temperature of the thermal gas distribution hood on the smoothness, air permeability, mechanical properties, permeability resistance and the like of the base material non-woven fabric and the coated reverse osmosis membrane is compared; according to comparison, under the condition that the longitudinal and transverse tensile strength ratio MD/CD of the base material non-woven fabric is too large, the temperature of the Yankee cylinder and the hot air temperature of the air hood can be properly adjusted to regulate and control the shrinkage rate of two surfaces of the base material non-woven fabric, and the phenomenon that two longitudinal sides of a reverse osmosis membrane finished product curl or wrinkle towards the coating surface is reduced.
In example 1 and comparative examples 9 and 10, the influence of the amount of the dispersant on the smoothness, air permeability, mechanical properties, permeability resistance and the like of the base nonwoven fabric was compared; the comparison shows that the dispersing agent can effectively improve the uniformity and smoothness of the base material non-woven fabric, reduce the air permeability and reduce the average pore diameter to enhance the permeability resistance.
In conclusion, the above embodiments are merely intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit, although the present invention has been described by referring to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. The wet-process non-woven fabric for the water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support body base material is characterized in that raw material fibers comprise main fibers and hot-melt bonding fibers;
the main body fiber is made of PET; the hot melt bonding fiber comprises a surface layer and an inner core; the surface layer is made of modified COPET, and the inner core is made of PET;
the weight ratio of the main body fiber is 60% of the total weight, and the weight ratio of the hot melt bonding fiber is 40% of the total weight;
the preparation method of the wet-process non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
a) dispersing and pretreating raw material fibers: putting raw material fibers into a fiber dispersing machine filled with water, continuously adding the water to a specified liquid level, and dispersing pulp to a fiber dispersing state; pumping the fiber slurry prepared in the fiber dispersing machine into a slurry storage tank, starting a stirrer of the slurry storage tank, adding a dispersing agent, and diluting and dispersing the fiber slurry until the fibers are in a single-fiber state and are suspended in water to prepare fiber slurry;
b) papermaking to form a fiber web: conveying the fiber pulp prepared in the step a) into a high-level pulp stabilizing box by using a chemical fiber pump, controlling the flow of the fiber pulp and stabilizing the pressure head of the fiber pulp; dispersing fiber pulp to the concentration of an upper net through multiple times of pulp washing and screening, and delivering the fiber pulp to an inclined net pulp flowing box; the fiber slurry is sent to a forming net through an inclined net head box, and is dehydrated and formed to prepare a wet fiber net;
c) squeezing and drying: transferring the wet fiber net prepared in the step b) to a pressing felt through a vacuum suction device, pressing the wet fiber net, carrying out pressing dehydration on the wet fiber net through a carrier roller, drying the wet fiber net through a Yankee cylinder and a hot air hood, controlling the temperature of a drying cylinder and the temperature of the hot air hood to be higher than the melting point temperature of the low-melting-temperature bonding fibers of the raw materials, and coiling the wet fiber net into rolls for later use through a coiling machine;
d) hot melting and rolling: transferring the fiber web curled into a roll in the step c) to a hot-pressing polishing process, preheating the fiber web, entering a first hot-pressing polishing machine, carrying out hot-rolling treatment, and carrying out hot-melting rolling on the fiber web to generate strength so as to obtain a base material non-woven fabric; the roller in the first hot-pressing optical machine is a hard press roller, the upper roller and the lower roller are both metal mirror surface rollers, the roller surface temperature is higher than the melting point temperature of the fibers, the temperature and the linear pressure of the rollers are reasonably controlled, the heat conduction mode of the rollers is heat conduction oil, and the progress and the smoothness of the wet-process non-woven fabric are improved;
e) controlling the thickness of hot rolling: guiding the base material non-woven fabric prepared in the step d) into a second hot-pressing polisher for hot rolling treatment, adjusting the temperature and linear pressure of a roller, and performing thickness rolling control on the non-woven fabric to prepare the base material non-woven fabric; the middle roller of the second hot-pressing optical machine is a metal mirror roller, the temperature of the roller surface is equal to or less than the melting point temperature of the hot-melt fibers, the heat conduction mode of the roller is heat conduction oil, and the upper roller and the lower roller are heat-resistant rubber rollers;
f) quality detection and rolling: e, detecting appearance and physical properties of the base material non-woven fabric prepared in the step e, recording data, metering, winding and rolling;
in the step a), the mass ratio of water to the fiber raw material in the fiber slurry prepared in the fiber dispersing machine is 1000: 5-10; the specific gravity of the water and the fiber raw materials in the pulp storage tank is 1000: 0.5-1;
the dispersing agent is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 8: 2, the molecular weight of the composite is 370-430 ten thousand, and the weight of the dispersing agent accounts for 2% of the weight of the fiber raw material.
2. The wet-process nonwoven fabric for a water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support substrate according to claim 1, wherein the hot-melt adhesive fibers have a fiber diameter of 0.5 to 2dtex and a fiber length of 2 to 8 mm; the fiber diameter of the main fiber is 0.3-2 dtex, and the fiber length is 2-8 mm.
3. The wet-process non-woven fabric for the water treatment reverse osmosis membrane support substrate according to claim 1, wherein the melting point temperature of the surface layer is 110-130 ℃ and 160-195 ℃; the melting point temperature of the inner core is 250 ℃; the melting point temperature of the main body fiber is 250 ℃;
the moisture absorption rate of the raw material fiber is 0.4%, and the heat shrinkage rate is 8-12%.
4. The wet-process nonwoven fabric for water treatment of a reverse osmosis membrane support substrate according to claim 1, wherein in step b), the manufactured fiber web is dewatered by a vacuum dewatering box, the inclined angle of the inclined wire in the inclined wire headbox is 5-25 °, the running speed is 10-40 m/min, and the pulp wire speed ratio is 0.95.
5. The wet-process non-woven fabric for the water treatment of the reverse osmosis membrane support substrate according to claim 1, wherein in the step C), the temperature of a Yankee cylinder is 130 ℃, the time of the fiber web passing through a drying cylinder is 20-30 seconds, and the hot air temperature of a hot air hood is 125 ℃ in the drying treatment process.
6. The wet-process non-woven fabric for treating the substrate of the reverse osmosis membrane support body according to claim 1, wherein in the step d), the temperature of the roller in the first hot calender is 180-230 ℃, and the linear pressure of the roller is 70-100 kg/cm.
7. The wet-process non-woven fabric for treating a reverse osmosis membrane support base material according to claim 1, wherein in the step e), the temperature of the roller in the second hot calender is 160-190 ℃, and the linear pressure of the upper roller and the lower roller is 60-150 kg/cm.
8. The wet laid nonwoven fabric for water treatment of a reverse osmosis membrane support substrate according to claim 1, wherein steps a-c) are inclined wire forming systems and steps d-f) are hot press systems.
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