CN112661876B - Nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization and a preparation method thereof, wherein the nano dispersion liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of a main element precursor; 1-4 parts of a doping element precursor; 3-8 parts of a lipophilic donor; 1-5 parts of an alkali neutralizing agent; 5-10 parts of lower alcohol; 50-85 parts of deionized water. The nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization overcomes the defects of an emulsifier required by the traditional emulsion polymerization, and is uniformly distributed on the interface of water-polymer colloidal particles by utilizing the special water-oil balance effect of a nano material in the emulsion polymerization process, so that a polymer is uniformly and stably dispersed in water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nano materials, in particular to a nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The preparation of the acrylic ester emulsion usually needs to adopt an emulsifier with a surface active structure as a stabilizer, and alkylphenol ethoxylates, sorbitol polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, sodium dodecyl sulfate and the like are common. During the synthesis process, the emulsifier enters the oil-water phase interface quickly to coat the resin and disperse the resin in water in granular form. The content of the emulsifier used in the acrylate emulsion polymerization is generally 1-5% of the total amount of the monomers, and when a paint film is prepared, the emulsifier remains in the paint film, causing the reduction of water resistance and chemical medium resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a nanodispersion for emulsion polymerization having good water dispersibility and emulsification properties, and a method for preparing the same.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the main element precursor is selected from at least one of sodium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, titanium tetrachloride, aluminum trichloride, ferrous chloride, copper chloride, beryllium chloride, strontium chloride, barium chloride, boron chloride, germanium chloride, tin chloride, lead chloride, arsenic chloride, strontium chloride, nickel chloride, vanadium chloride and gallium chloride;
the doping element precursor is selected from at least one of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, tripotassium phosphate, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate and potassium sulfate;
the lipophilic donor is at least one selected from n-hexyltrichlorosilane, n-hexyltrimethoxysilane, n-hexyltriethoxysilane, n-octyltrichlorosilane, n-octyltrimethoxysilane, n-octyltriethoxysilane, dodecyltrichlorosilane, dodecyltrimethoxysilane, dodecyltriethoxysilane, dodecylcarboxylic acid, hexadecylcarboxylic acid and dodecylsulfonic acid;
the alkali neutralizing agent is at least one selected from potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, ammonia water, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-dimethylethanolamine and triethylamine.
The lower alcohol in the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization is selected from at least one of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol and pentanol.
In the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization, a main element precursor is titanium tetrachloride, a doping element precursor is sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and a lipophilic donor is dodecyl trimethoxy silane; the alkali neutralizer is ammonia water, and the lower alcohol is ethanol.
In the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization, the main element precursor is titanium tetrachloride and aluminum chloride, the doping element precursor is sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and the lipophilic donor is dodecyl trimethoxy silane; the alkali neutralizer is N, N-dimethylethanolamine, and the lower alcohol is isopropanol.
In the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization, the main element precursor is titanium tetrachloride and strontium chloride, the doping element precursor is tripotassium phosphate, and the lipophilic donor is dodecyl trimethoxy silane; the alkali neutralizer is monoethanolamine, and the lower alcohol is propanol.
In the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization, the main element precursor is titanium tetrachloride and nickel chloride, the doped element precursor is potassium nitrate, and the lipophilic donor is hexadecyl carboxylic acid; the alkali neutralizer is diethanolamine, and the lower alcohol is n-butanol.
The nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization has a solid content of 15-25% and a pH value of 2-5.
The viscosity value of the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization is controlled to be 10-25s at 25 ℃ after coating in 4 cups.
The particle size of the nano material in the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization is 15nm-200 nm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) hydrolysis:
sequentially adding 20-30 parts of deionized water, an alkali neutralizing agent and 4-7 parts of lower alcohol into a reaction kettle, and starting stirring; adding the rest deionized water and the rest lower alcohol into a head tank, stirring at the speed of 300-; dropwise adding the solution in the elevated tank into the reaction kettle at a constant speed for 2-5h, continuously reacting for 1-5h after dropwise adding, heating to 80-120 ℃, reacting for 2-8h, and cooling to room temperature;
(2) centrifugal separation:
introducing the liquid in the reactor into a centrifuge for centrifugal separation at the speed of 3000-5000r/min for 30-60 min;
(3) and (3) suction filtration:
and (3) carrying out suction filtration on the liquid after centrifugal separation under the vacuum pressure of-0.4 Mpa to-0.9 Mpa, and filtering out solid matters to obtain clear liquid, namely the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization.
The nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization overcomes the defects of an emulsifier required by the traditional emulsion polymerization, and is uniformly distributed on the interface of water-polymer colloidal particles by utilizing the special water-oil balance effect of a nano material in the emulsion polymerization process, so that a polymer is uniformly and stably dispersed in water.
The nano material for emulsion polymerization has the advantages of adjustable particle size and adjustable HLB value by changing the components, and is particularly suitable for different acrylate emulsion polymerization systems such as styrene-acrylic, pure acrylic, silicon acrylic, hydroxypropyl and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The invention discloses a nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the main element precursor is selected from at least one of sodium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, titanium tetrachloride, aluminum trichloride, ferrous chloride, copper chloride, beryllium chloride, strontium chloride, barium chloride, boron chloride, germanium chloride, tin chloride, lead chloride, arsenic chloride, strontium chloride, nickel chloride, vanadium chloride and gallium chloride;
the doping element precursor is selected from at least one of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, tripotassium phosphate, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate and potassium sulfate;
the lipophilic donor is at least one selected from n-hexyltrichlorosilane, n-hexyltrimethoxysilane, n-hexyltriethoxysilane, n-octyltrichlorosilane, n-octyltrimethoxysilane, n-octyltriethoxysilane, dodecyltrichlorosilane, dodecyltrimethoxysilane, dodecyltriethoxysilane, dodecylcarboxylic acid, hexadecylcarboxylic acid and dodecylsulfonic acid;
the alkali neutralizing agent is at least one selected from potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, ammonia water, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-dimethylethanolamine and triethylamine;
the lower alcohol is selected from at least one of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, and pentanol.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization, which comprises the following steps:
(1) hydrolysis:
sequentially putting 20-30 parts of deionized water, an alkali neutralizing agent and 4-7 parts of lower alcohol into a reactor, and stirring at the speed of 300-; adding the rest deionized water and the rest lower alcohol into a head tank, starting stirring, sequentially and slowly adding all the main element precursor, the doping element precursor and the lipophilic donor, and stirring to form a uniform solution; dropwise adding the solution in the elevated tank into the reactor at a constant speed for 2-5 h; after the dropwise addition is finished, continuously reacting for 1-5h, then heating to 80-120 ℃, reacting for 2-8h, and cooling to room temperature;
(2) centrifugal separation:
introducing the liquid in the reactor into a centrifuge for centrifugal separation at the speed of 3000-;
(3) and (3) suction filtration:
and (3) carrying out suction filtration on the liquid after centrifugal separation under the vacuum pressure of-0.4 Mpa to-0.9 Mpa, and filtering out solid matters to obtain clear liquid, namely the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization.
The solid content of the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization is 15-25%, the pH value is 2-5, the viscosity value is controlled to be 10-25s at 25 ℃ after coating in 4 cups, and the particle size of the nano material in the dispersion liquid is 15-200 nm.
Example 1
The nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization comprises the following components in parts by weight:
adding 26 parts of deionized water and 2 parts of ethanol into a head tank, then slowly adding 28 parts of titanium tetrachloride, 1.2 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate and 4.8 parts of dodecyl trimethoxy silane in sequence, and uniformly stirring for later use. 30 parts of deionized water, 5 parts of ethanol and 3 parts of ammonia water are added into a reaction kettle, and the mixture is stirred at the speed of 500 r/min. And (5) dropwise adding the solution in the head tank, finishing dropwise adding for 3 hours, and reacting for 2 hours after dropwise adding. Then the temperature is increased to 90 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 3 hours, and then the temperature is reduced to the room temperature.
Centrifuging the reaction solution for 45min at 4000r/min by using a centrifuge, then performing suction filtration under the vacuum pressure of-0.4 Mpa to-0.9 Mpa, and filtering out solids to obtain clear liquid, namely the nano dispersion liquid of the embodiment 1.
The nanodispersion was tested to have a solids content of 20%, a pH of 3.2, an average particle size of 35nm and a viscosity of 12s over-coating in-4 cups at 25 ℃.
Example 2
The nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization comprises the following components in parts by weight:
adding 25 parts of deionized water and 3 parts of isopropanol into a head tank, then slowly adding 22 parts of titanium tetrachloride, 10 parts of aluminum chloride, 2.5 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate and 7 parts of dodecyl trimethoxy silane in sequence, and uniformly stirring for later use. 20 parts of deionized water, 6 parts of isopropanol and 4.5 parts of N, N-dimethylethanolamine are added into a reaction kettle, and stirring is started. And dropwise adding the solution in the head tank, finishing dropwise adding for 2.5 hours, and reacting for 3 hours after dropwise adding. Then the temperature is increased to 80 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 4 hours, and then the temperature is reduced to the room temperature.
The reaction solution was centrifuged by a centrifuge, and then filtered to remove the solid, to obtain a clear solution, i.e., the nanodispersion of example 2, having a solid content of 23%, a pH of 3, an average particle diameter of 60nm, and a viscosity of 13s in 4 cups at 25 ℃.
The nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization overcomes the defects of an emulsifier required by the traditional emulsion polymerization, and is uniformly distributed on the interface of water-polymer colloidal particles by utilizing the special water-oil balance effect of a nano material in the emulsion polymerization process, so that a polymer is uniformly and stably dispersed in water.
Example 3
The nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization comprises the following components in parts by weight:
adding 24.3 parts of deionized water and 4 parts of propanol into a head tank, then slowly adding 20 parts of titanium tetrachloride, 11 parts of strontium chloride, 2.2 parts of tripotassium phosphate and 6 parts of dodecyl trimethoxy silane in sequence, and uniformly stirring for later use. 25 parts of deionized water, 4 parts of propanol and 3.5 parts of monoethanolamine are added to the reaction kettle and stirred at a speed of 800 r/min. And dropwise adding the solution in the head tank, finishing dropwise adding for 3.5 hours, and reacting for 4 hours after dropwise adding. Then the temperature is increased to 95 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 5 hours, and then the temperature is reduced to the room temperature.
The reaction solution was centrifuged at 4500r/min for 45min, and then vacuum filtered at-0.4 MPa to-0.9 MPa, and the solid was filtered off to obtain the clear solution, i.e., the nanodispersion of example 3.
The nanodispersion was tested to have a solids content of 21.7%, a pH of 2.9, an average particle size of 49nm and a viscosity of 17s over-coating in-4 cups at 25 ℃.
Example 4
The nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization comprises the following components in parts by weight:
adding 25.2 parts of deionized water and 5.2 parts of n-butanol into an overhead tank, then slowly adding 15 parts of titanium tetrachloride, 13 parts of nickel chloride, 3.1 parts of potassium nitrate and 5.8 parts of hexadecyl carboxylic acid in sequence, and uniformly stirring for later use. 24 parts of deionized water, 4 parts of n-butanol and 4.8 parts of diethanolamine are added to the reaction kettle, and the mixture is stirred at a speed of 700 r/min. And dropwise adding the solution in the head tank, finishing dropwise adding for 4.5 hours, and reacting for 4 hours after dropwise adding. Then the temperature is increased to 115 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 8 hours, and then the temperature is reduced to room temperature.
And centrifuging the reaction liquid for 45min at the speed of 4200r/min by using a centrifuge, then carrying out suction filtration under the vacuum pressure of-0.4 MPa to-0.9 MPa, and filtering out solids to obtain clear liquid, namely the dispersion liquid of the nano material of the embodiment 4.
The dispersion was tested to have a solids content of 23.6%, a pH of 3.9, an average particle size of 62nm and a viscosity of 21s over-coating in 4 cups at 25 ℃.
The styrene-acrylic emulsions prepared in examples 1 to 4 were respectively marked as samples 1 to 4, and the performance tests were performed on the samples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2, with the results shown in table 1:
table 1 Performance test results for samples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2
Wherein the manufacturer of comparative example 1 is DSM, brand Neocryl XK-62;
the manufacturer of comparative example 2 was BASF, brand Acronal 296 DS ap.
The nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization can change components to enable the nano dispersion liquid to have the advantages of adjustable particle size and adjustable HLB value, and is particularly suitable for different acrylate emulsion polymerization systems such as styrene-acrylic, pure acrylic, silicon acrylic, hydroxypropyl and the like.
The above embodiments are provided only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the present invention, and should be defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
25-35 parts of a main element precursor;
1-4 parts of a doping element precursor;
3-8 parts of a lipophilic donor;
1-5 parts of an alkali neutralizing agent;
5-10 parts of lower alcohol;
50-85 parts of deionized water;
the main element precursor is selected from at least one of titanium tetrachloride, aluminum chloride, strontium chloride and nickel chloride;
the doping element precursor is selected from at least one of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, tripotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate;
the oleophylic donor is selected from at least one of n-hexyltrichlorosilane, n-hexyltrimethoxysilane, n-hexyltriethoxysilane, n-octyltrichlorosilane, n-octyltrimethoxysilane, n-octyltriethoxysilane, dodecyltrichlorosilane, dodecyltrimethoxysilane, dodecyltriethoxysilane, dodecylcarboxylic acid, hexadecylcarboxylic acid and dodecylsulfonic acid;
the alkali neutralizing agent is at least one selected from potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, ammonia water, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-dimethylethanolamine and triethylamine;
the lower alcohol is at least one selected from methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol and pentanol;
the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization is prepared by the following steps:
(1) hydrolysis:
sequentially putting 20-30 parts of the deionized water, the alkali neutralizing agent and 4-7 parts of the lower alcohol into a reaction kettle, and starting stirring; adding the rest of the deionized water and the rest of the lower alcohol into an overhead tank, stirring at the speed of 300-800r/min, sequentially and slowly adding the main element precursor, the doped element precursor and the lipophilic donor, and stirring to form a uniform solution; dropwise adding the solution in the elevated tank into the reaction kettle at a constant speed for 2-5h, continuously reacting for 1-5h after dropwise adding, heating to 80-120 ℃, reacting for 2-8h, and cooling to room temperature;
(2) centrifugal separation:
introducing the liquid in the reactor into a centrifuge for centrifugal separation at the speed of 3000-5000r/min for 30-60 min;
(3) and (3) suction filtration:
and carrying out suction filtration on the liquid after centrifugal separation under the vacuum pressure of-0.4 Mpa to-0.9 Mpa, and filtering out solid matters to obtain clear liquid, namely the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization.
2. The nanodispersion for emulsion polymerization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the primary element precursor is titanium tetrachloride, the dopant element precursor is sodium dihydrogen phosphate, the lipophilic donor is dodecyl trimethoxysilane; the alkali neutralizer is ammonia water, and the lower alcohol is ethanol.
3. The nanodispersion for emulsion polymerization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the primary element precursor is titanium tetrachloride and aluminum chloride, the dopant element precursor is sodium dihydrogen phosphate, the lipophilic donor is dodecyl trimethoxysilane; the alkali neutralizer is N, N-dimethylethanolamine, and the lower alcohol is isopropanol.
4. The nanodispersion for emulsion polymerization of claim 1, wherein the primary element precursor is titanium tetrachloride and strontium chloride, the dopant element precursor is tripotassium phosphate, the lipophilic donor is dodecyl trimethoxysilane; the alkali neutralizer is monoethanolamine, and the lower alcohol is propanol.
5. The nanodispersion for emulsion polymerization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main element precursor is titanium tetrachloride and nickel chloride, the doping element precursor is potassium nitrate, the lipophilic donor is hexadecylcarboxylic acid; the alkali neutralizer is diethanolamine, and the lower alcohol is n-butanol.
6. The nanodispersion for emulsion polymerization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dispersion has a solid content of 15-25% and a pH of 2-5.
7. The nanodispersion for emulsion polymerization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the viscosity of the dispersion is controlled to be 10-25s at 25 ℃ over-coating 4 cups.
8. The nano-dispersion for emulsion polymerization according to claim 1, wherein the nano-material in the dispersion has a particle size of 15nm to 200 nm.
9. A method for preparing a nano-dispersion for emulsion polymerization according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) hydrolysis:
sequentially putting 20-30 parts of the deionized water, the alkali neutralizing agent and 4-7 parts of the lower alcohol into a reaction kettle, and starting stirring; adding the rest of the deionized water and the rest of the lower alcohol into an overhead tank, stirring at the speed of 300-800r/min, sequentially and slowly adding the main element precursor, the doped element precursor and the lipophilic donor, and stirring to form a uniform solution; dropwise adding the solution in the elevated tank into the reaction kettle at a constant speed for 2-5h, continuously reacting for 1-5h after dropwise adding, heating to 80-120 ℃, reacting for 2-8h, and cooling to room temperature;
(2) centrifugal separation:
introducing the liquid in the reactor into a centrifuge for centrifugal separation at the speed of 3000-5000r/min for 30-60 min;
(3) and (3) suction filtration:
and carrying out suction filtration on the liquid after centrifugal separation under the vacuum pressure of-0.4 Mpa to-0.9 Mpa, and filtering out solid matters to obtain clear liquid, namely the nano dispersion liquid for emulsion polymerization.
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