CN112661402B - Method for preparing mineral fibers by melting garbage fly ash through plasma, heat-insulating mineral cotton and application - Google Patents
Method for preparing mineral fibers by melting garbage fly ash through plasma, heat-insulating mineral cotton and application Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing mineral fibers by plasma melting of garbage fly ash, which comprises the steps of mixing the garbage fly ash with an acidic conditioner, then carrying out plasma melting, and further forming fibers to prepare the mineral fibers. The method effectively disposes heavy metals and dioxin contained in the garbage fly ash, and simultaneously utilizes the waste resources of the garbage fly ash, and the prepared mineral fiber can be used for preparing heat-insulating mineral cotton, can be used as heat-insulating materials for walls, roofs, ceilings and the like of buildings, and has wide application prospects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material preparation, in particular to a method for preparing mineral fibers by melting garbage fly ash through plasma, thermal insulation mineral cotton and application.
Background
The components of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash are affected by the factors such as the incineration garbage substrate, the incineration process and the like, but the main components are CaO and SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 And a chloride salt, wherein the chloride salt consists essentially of NaCl, KCl, caCl 2 And the like. The fly ash contains heavy metals and a small amount of dioxin, so the fly ash belongs to dangerous solid wastes.
The total amount of the existing municipal solid waste incineration fly ash is huge and gradually increases year by year, and the existing fly ash resource utilization ways are limited, so that the existing fly ash is mostly used for preparing building materials such as cement, concrete, ceramsite, glass body and the like. Meanwhile, heavy metals in fly ash may also be exuded inadvertently during the process of landfill or utilization of the recycled product.
There have been many researches on the treatment of fly ash, for example, CN109908527a discloses a waste fly ash treatment device and a method for treating waste fly ash, the waste fly ash treatment device comprises a device main body, a filter layer, a cathode plate and an anode tube, a reaction cavity is formed in the device main body, and the reaction cavity is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the filter layer is arranged in the reaction cavity and divides the reaction cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity from top to bottom; the cathode plate is arranged in the lower cavity, the lower cavity is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer from top to bottom, a yielding hole is formed in the cathode plate, and the cathode plate is used for enabling the aqueous solution dissolved with heavy metals to migrate towards the cathode plate under the action of current and then be discharged; the anode tube is arranged in the upper cavity, extends downwards to pass through the abdication hole and is connected with the cathode plate through an insulating layer, and the anode tube is used for enabling chloride ions dissolved in water to migrate under the action of current and then be discharged. The method can remove chloride ions and heavy metals in the garbage fly ash simultaneously through the same reaction device, but can not realize the resource utilization of the fly ash.
CN107555954a discloses pretreatment of waste incineration fly ash and preparation of high-strength hollow bricks, the method is to treat heavy metals in the fly ash and then to granulate directly, then to fill the fly ash particles into through holes of the hollow brick center blank, the strength of the hollow bricks can be improved by using the support of the fly ash particles, and certain gaps are provided between the fly ash particles, the light weight characteristics of the hollow bricks can be maintained, but the method has small treatment capacity of the fly ash, and is only added in the form of additives, so that large-scale treatment of the fly ash is difficult to realize.
CN107159678A discloses a dioxin control method in the process of iron ore sintering synergistic treatment of garbage fly ash, the method comprises the steps of mixing, granulating and drying four components of garbage fly ash, lime milk, inflammable solid fuel and sludge to obtain pellets containing the garbage fly ash; the iron ore sintering raw material is mixed with the pellets containing the garbage fly ash after granulation, and ignition and sintering are carried out after distribution, but the method only solidifies the fly ash, and does not realize the utilization of the fly ash products well.
It has thus been shown that there is a need to develop a method for converting fly ash into a product that is fully utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the method for preparing the mineral fibers by melting the garbage fly ash plasma, which effectively disposes heavy metals and dioxin contained in the garbage fly ash, simultaneously utilizes waste resources of the garbage fly ash, and prepares the heat-insulating mineral cotton by plasticity and packaging of the prepared mineral fibers, and has the advantages of light density, low heat conductivity coefficient and nonflammability, and has wide application prospect.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing mineral fibers by plasma melting of waste fly ash, the method comprising:
(1) Mixing garbage fly ash and an acidic modifier, and performing plasma melting to obtain a molten body;
(2) And (3) preparing mineral fibers by fiber forming of the melt in the step (1).
According to the method for preparing the mineral fiber by melting the garbage fly ash plasma, disclosed by the invention, the garbage fly ash is mixed with the acidic conditioning agent and then melted to prepare the mineral fiber, so that the recycling treatment of the garbage fly ash is realized, and the prepared mineral fiber has the advantages of light density and small heat conductivity coefficient, and is excellent in performance, the acidity coefficient reaches the national standard, and the application prospect is wide.
Preferably, the garbage fly ash comprises the following components in mass fraction:
the content of calcium in the waste fly ash is high, the viscosity and the melting point of the waste fly ash after melting are not in the ideal range, and the waste fly ash is difficult to be drawn into fibers.
SiO in the garbage fly ash 2 The amount of (c) may be, for example, 4wt.%, 6wt.%, 8wt.%, 10wt.%, 12wt.%, 13wt.%, 15wt.%, 17wt.%, 19wt.%, or 20wt.%, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, other non-recited values within this range are equally applicable.
Al in the garbage fly ash 2 O 3 The amount of (c) may be, for example, 1wt.%, 2wt.%, 3wt.%, 4wt.%, 5wt.%, 6wt.%, 7wt.%, 8wt.%, 9wt.%, or 10wt.%, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, other non-recited values within this range are equally applicable.
The content of CaO in the waste fly ash may be 30 to 45wt.%, for example 30wt.%, 32wt.%, 34wt.%, 35wt.%, 37wt.%, 39wt.%, 40wt.%, 42wt.%, 44wt.%, 45wt.% or the like, but is not limited to the recited values, other non-recited values within this range are equally applicable.
The content of MgO in the waste fly ash may be 1 to 3wt.%, for example, 1wt.%, 1.3wt.%, 1.5wt.%, 1.7wt.%, 1.9wt.%, 2.2wt.%, 2.4wt.%, 2.6wt.%, 2.8wt.%, or 3wt.%, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within this range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the garbage fly ash also comprises 1 to 3wt.% of Fe by mass percent 2 O 3 For example, 1wt.%, 1.3wt.%, 1.5wt.%, 1.7wt.%, 1.9wt.%, 2.2wt.%, 2.4wt.%, 2.6wt.%, 2.8wt.%, or 3wt.%, etc., but are not limited to the recited values, other non-recited values within this range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the garbage fly ash also comprises 6 to 15wt.% of Na by mass percent 2 O may be, for example, 6wt.%, 7wt.%, 8wt.%, 9wt.%, 10wt.%, 11wt.%, 12wt.%, 13wt.%, 14wt.%, or 15wt.%, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, other non-recited values within this range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the waste fly ash also comprises 2 to 7wt.% of K by mass percent 2 O may be, for example, 2wt.%, 2.6wt.%, 3.2wt.%, 3.7wt.%, 4.3wt.%, 4.8wt.%, 5.4wt.%, 5.9wt.%, 6.5wt.%, or 7wt.%, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, other non-recited values within this range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the waste fly ash further comprises 20 to 30wt.% of chloride salt, for example, 20wt.%, 21.2wt.%, 22.3wt.%, 23.4wt.%, 24.5wt.%, 25.6wt.%, 26.7wt.%, 27.8wt.%, 28.9wt.% or 30wt.% and the like, in terms of mass fraction, but not limited to the recited values, other non-recited values within this range are equally applicable.
The garbage fly ash also contains chlorine salt, and the chlorine salt is easy to decompose and volatilize in the heating and melting process, so that the tail gas discharged in the heating process can be recovered, and the quality of the heat-insulating mineral cotton can be ensured.
Preferably, the garbage fly ash also contains dioxin.
The dioxin in the garbage fly ash can volatilize in the heating process, and is collected or purified in the form of tail gas, so that the dioxin in the garbage fly ash is treated, and the secondary pollution is reduced to the greatest extent.
Preferably, the chloride salt comprises any one or a combination of at least two of sodium chloride, potassium chloride or calcium chloride, wherein typical non-limiting combinations are combinations of sodium chloride and potassium chloride, combinations of potassium chloride and calcium chloride, combinations of calcium chloride and sodium chloride.
Preferably, the acidic modifier comprises waste glass.
The invention adjusts the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and the waste glass to the determined acidity coefficient according to a certain proportion, and then the acidity coefficient can be increased and the melting point can be reduced simultaneously until the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and the waste glass reach a molten state by a plasma melting method, thereby ensuring that mineral fibers reach the national standard, reducing the melting point, facilitating melting and wiredrawing to form fibers and reducing energy consumption.
Preferably, the waste glass comprises any one or a combination of at least two of waste glass cullet, waste glass sheet or waste glass frit, wherein typical non-limiting combinations are combinations of waste glass cullet and waste glass sheet, combinations of waste glass sheet and waste glass frit, combinations of waste glass cullet and waste glass frit.
Preferably, the silica content of the waste glass is more than 85wt% calculated by oxide, for example, 85wt%, 87wt%, 88wt%, 89wt%, 90wt%, 91wt%, 92wt%, 93wt%, 94wt%, 95wt%, etc. but not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range are equally applicable.
The invention adopts waste glass to control the content of silicon dioxide, thereby being capable of better regulating the viscosity, acidity coefficient and melting point of the melt and improving the quality of the final mineral fiber.
The acidic modifier preferably accounts for 30 to 50% by mass of the melt, and may be, for example, 30%, 32.3%, 34.5%, 36.7%, 38.9%, 41.2%, 43.4%, 45.6%, 47.8% or 50%, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within this range are equally applicable.
The invention adds the acid conditioning agent into the fly ash in a proportion of 30 to 50 percent, so that the acidity coefficient M of the conditioned mixture k The value is between 1.0 and 2.5, and reaches the acidity coefficient standard of the national standard mineral cotton for construction.
The plasma melting temperature is preferably 1400 to 1600 ℃, and may be 1400 ℃, 1423 ℃, 1445 ℃, 1467 ℃, 1489 ℃, 1512 ℃, 1534 ℃, 1556 ℃, 1578 ℃, 1600 ℃, or the like, for example, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the time for the plasma to melt is 1 to 4 hours, for example, 1 hour, 1.4 hours, 1.7 hours, 2 hours, 2.4 hours, 2.7 hours, 3 hours, 3.4 hours, 3.7 hours or 4 hours, etc., but not limited to the recited values, other non-recited values within the range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the plasma melting is preceded by a heating treatment.
Preferably, the exhaust gas is collected or purified in the heating temperature raising process.
The invention realizes the treatment of chlorine salt and dioxin in the garbage fly ash by collecting waste gas or purifying waste gas in the heating treatment, and reduces secondary pollution to the greatest extent.
Preferably, the acidity coefficient M of the melt k The value is 1.0 to 2.5, and may be, for example, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.5, 1.7, 1.9, 2, 2.2, 2.4, or 2.5, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range are equally applicable.
The melting point of the melt is preferably 1000 to 1200 ℃, and may be 1000 ℃, 1023 ℃, 1045 ℃, 1067 ℃, 1089 ℃, 1112 ℃, 1134 ℃, 1156 ℃, 1178 ℃, 1200 ℃, or the like, for example, but not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the range are equally applicable.
The viscosity of the melt is preferably 1 to 8pa·s, and may be, for example, 1pa·s, 1.8pa·s, 2.6pa·s, 3.4pa·s, 4.2pa·s, 4.9pa·s, 5.7pa·s, 6.5pa·s, 7.3pa·s, or 8pa·s, etc., but is not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the range are similarly applicable, and preferably 1 to 3pa·s.
Preferably, the flow rate of the melt is 1.5 to 4t/h, and may be, for example, 1.5t/h, 1.8t/h, 2.0t/h, 2.2t/h, 2.5t/h, 2.8t/h, 3.0t/h, 3.2t/h, 3.5t/h, 3.8t/h, 4t/h, or the like.
Preferably, the method of forming fibers includes a blowing method, a centrifugation method, or a drawing method.
The centrifugal rotational speed in the centrifugal method is preferably 2200 to 4000r/min, and may be 2200r/min, 2400r/min, 2600r/min, 2800r/min, 3000r/min, 3200r/min, 3400r/min, 3600r/min, 3800r/min, 4000r/min, or the like, for example, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range are equally applicable.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the method comprises the steps of:
(1) Mixing garbage fly ash and waste glass, carrying out plasma melting at 1400-1600 ℃ for 1-4 h to obtain an acidity coefficient M k A melt having a value of 1.0 to 2.5, a melting point of 1000 to 1200 ℃ and a viscosity of 1 to 8 Pa.s; the acid hardening and tempering agent accounts for 30-50% of the mass of the melt;
(2) And (3) centrifuging the melt body in the step (1) to form fibers at the rotating speed of 2200-4000 r/min to prepare the mineral fibers.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing heat-insulating mineral wool, the method comprising: and (3) carrying out plasticity and packaging on the mineral fibers prepared by the method for preparing the mineral fibers by melting the garbage fly ash plasma according to the first aspect, so as to obtain the heat-insulating mineral cotton.
According to the invention, the mineral fibers are subjected to product shaping and packaging, so that the heat-preservation mineral cotton product is finally obtained, and the reduction and resource utilization of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash are realized. The mineral fiber has the characteristics of wide sources, low cost, light density, small heat conductivity coefficient, nonflammability, moth resistance, low price, corrosion resistance, good chemical stability and the like, and is an excellent heat-insulating mineral cotton raw material.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a thermal insulation mineral wool produced by the method of producing a thermal insulation mineral wool of the second aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the use of the insulating mineral wool according to the third aspect in the building field or in the field of insulating materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the method for preparing mineral fibers by melting the garbage fly ash through plasma, the garbage fly ash and the acidic conditioning agent are mixed and then subjected to plasma melting and fiber forming, the acidity coefficient of a mixed melt is between 1.0 and 2.5, the viscosity is less than or equal to 3.0Pa & s, and the melting point is less than or equal to 1200 ℃, so that the preparation of the mineral fibers is facilitated, the energy consumption is reduced, and a new direction is widened for recycling the fly ash;
(2) The heat-insulating mineral cotton provided by the invention has low density and low heat conductivity coefficient, the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat-insulating mineral cotton is less than or equal to 0.1W/(m.K), and the density is less than or equal to 120kg/m 3 Can be widely applied to the technical fields of building materials and heat insulation materials, and has wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
To facilitate understanding of the present invention, examples are set forth below. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the examples are merely to aid in understanding the invention and are not to be construed as a specific limitation thereof.
1. Examples
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for preparing mineral fibers by melting garbage fly ash plasma, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing the garbage fly ash and the waste glass, heating to 1500 ℃, and carrying out plasma melting at 1500 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain a molten body; the mass ratio of the waste glass to the molten mass is 30%;
(2) And (3) draining the melt in the step (1) into fiber forming equipment through a movable drainage groove at a flow rate of 1.5t/h, and performing 2500r/min centrifugal fiber forming through a four-roller centrifuge of the fiber forming equipment to obtain the mineral fiber.
Wherein the waste fly ash is analyzed according to XRF and expressed in the form of oxides, and comprises the following components in mass fraction: siO (SiO) 2 ：15wt.％，Al 2 O 3 ：1wt.％，CaO：30wt.％，MgO：2wt.％，Fe 2 O 3 ：2wt.％，Na 2 O：10wt.％，K 2 O:5wt.%, chloride: 25wt.%, heavy metals, etc.: 10wt.%; the waste glass is waste glass powder and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 ：85wt.％，Al 2 O 3 ：8wt.％，Na 2 O:5wt.%, other: 2wt.%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for preparing mineral fibers by melting garbage fly ash plasma, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing the garbage fly ash and the waste glass, heating to 1400 ℃, and carrying out plasma melting at 1400 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain a molten body; the mass ratio of the waste glass to the molten mass is 40%;
(2) And (3) draining the melt in the step (1) into fiber forming equipment through a movable drainage groove at a flow rate of 4t/h, and performing 2200r/min centrifugal fiber forming through a four-roller centrifugal machine of the fiber forming equipment to obtain mineral fibers.
Wherein the waste fly ash is analyzed according to XRF and expressed in the form of oxides, and comprises the following components in mass fraction: siO (SiO) 2 ：4wt.％，Al 2 O 3 ：10wt.％，CaO：45wt.％，MgO：3wt.％，Fe 2 O 3 ：1wt.％，Na 2 O：6wt.％，K 2 O:2wt.%, chloride: 20wt.%, heavy metals, etc.: 9wt.%; the waste glass is waste glass powder and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 ：88wt.％，Al 2 O 3 ：4wt.％，Na 2 O:7wt.%, other: 1wt.%.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for preparing mineral fibers by melting garbage fly ash plasma, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing the garbage fly ash and the waste glass, heating to 1600 ℃, and carrying out plasma melting at 1600 ℃ for 1h to obtain a molten body; the mass ratio of the waste glass to the molten mass is 32%;
(2) And (3) draining the melt in the step (1) into fiber forming equipment through a movable drainage groove at a flow rate of 2.5t/h, and centrifuging and forming fiber by using a four-roller centrifuge of the fiber forming equipment at 4000r/min to obtain the mineral fiber.
Wherein the waste fly ash is analyzed according to XRF and expressed in the form of oxides, and comprises the following components in mass fraction: siO (SiO) 2 ：18wt.％，Al 2 O 3 ：5wt.％，CaO：32wt.％，MgO：2wt.％，Fe 2 O 3 ：2.5wt.％，Na 2 O：6.5wt.％，K 2 O:3.5wt.%, chloride: 29wt.%, heavy metals, etc.: 1.5wt.%; the waste glass is waste glass powder and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 ：90wt.％，Al 2 O 3 ：5wt.％，Na 2 O:4.5wt.%, other: 0.5wt.%.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for preparing mineral fibers by melting garbage fly ash plasma, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 ：86wt.％，Al 2 O 3 ：7wt.％，Na 2 O:5wt.%, other: 2wt.%; that is, the content of silica was 86% in terms of oxide, and alumina was used instead of silica, except that the procedure was as in example 1.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a method for preparing mineral fibers by melting garbage fly ash plasma, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 ：92wt.％，Al 2 O 3 ：1wt.％，Na 2 O:5wt.%, other: 2wt.%; namely, the content of the silicon dioxide is 92 percent based on oxide, and aluminum oxide is adopted to replace the silicon dioxide, and the rest is the same as the implementationExample 1 is the same.
Example 6
This example provides a method for preparing mineral fibers by plasma melting of waste fly ash, which is the same as in example 2 except that the mass ratio of the acidic conditioner to the melt in step (1) is 48%.
Example 7
This example provides a method for preparing mineral fibers by plasma melting of waste fly ash, which is the same as in example 2 except that the mass ratio of the acidic conditioner to the melt in step (1) is 35%.
Example 8
This example provides a process for the preparation of mineral fibers by plasma melting of waste fly ash, in which process the composition is the same as in example 3 except that the melt is conducted to the fiberising apparatus through a movable drainage chute at a flow rate of 1.0 t/h.
Example 9
This example provides a process for the preparation of mineral fibers by plasma melting of waste fly ash, in which the composition is the same as in example 3 except that the melt is conducted to the fiberising apparatus through a movable drainage chute at a flow rate of 5 t/h.
Example 10
This comparative example provides a process for preparing mineral fibers by plasma melting of waste fly ash, which is the same as in example 1 except that silica is added as an acidic conditioner.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a process for preparing mineral fibers by plasma melting of waste fly ash, which is the same as in example 1 except that waste glass frit is not added as an acidic conditioner.
Application examples 1 to 10 and application comparative example 1
The mineral fibers prepared in examples 1 to 10 and comparative example 1 were subjected to plasticity and packaging to obtain heat-insulating mineral wool.
2. Testing and results
According to related national standards of GB/T25975-2010 rock wool products for external wall external heat insulation of buildings, GB/T19686-2015 rock wool heat insulation products for buildings, GB/T11835-2016 rock wool for heat insulation, slag wool and products thereof and the like, the acidity coefficient of the melt after tempering is calculated, the viscosity of the melt is measured, the heat conductivity coefficient and density of the heat insulation mineral wool are measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
From table 1, the following points can be seen:
(1) As can be seen from comprehensive examples 1-10, the method for preparing mineral fibers by melting the garbage fly ash by plasma provided by the invention comprises the steps of mixing the garbage fly ash with the acidic conditioning agent, then carrying out plasma melting, wherein the acidity coefficient of the mixed melt is between 1.0 and 2.5, the melting point is less than or equal to 1200 ℃ while the viscosity is less than or equal to 3.0 Pa.s, the preparation of mineral fibers is facilitated, the energy consumption is reduced, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the prepared thermal insulation mineral cotton is less than or equal to 0.1W/(m.K), and the density is less than or equal to 120kg/m 3 The heat insulation material can be used as heat insulation materials for walls, roofs, ceilings and the like of buildings, heat insulation materials for cold storage and heat distribution pipelines and the like, and has wide application prospect;
(2) It can be seen from the combination of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 10 that the garbage fly ash and the waste glass can be fully utilized in the embodiment 1, while the waste glass and the fly ash cannot be utilized simultaneously in the embodiment 10, so that the invention selects the waste glass as a conditioner, and improves the resource utilization rate;
(3) It can be seen from the combination of example 1 and comparative example 1 that the waste glass is added as a conditioner in example 1, and the melting point of the mixed melt in example 1 is only 1114 c, whereas the melting point in comparative example 1 reaches 1440 c, and the energy consumption for preparing the mineral fiber is high, compared with the case that the waste glass is not added in comparative example 1, thereby showing that the invention reduces the energy consumption by selecting the waste glass as a conditioner.
In summary, the invention provides a method for preparing mineral fibers by melting garbage fly ash plasma, which simultaneously realizes the utilization of material resources and heat resources of coal gasification slag, and the prepared mineral fiber mirror has plasticity and packaging to prepare heat-insulating mineral cotton, and has light density and low heat conductivity coefficient, wherein the heat conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 0.1W/(m.K), and the density is less than or equal to 120kg/m 3 Has wide application prospect.
The applicant states that the detailed process equipment and process flows of the present invention are described by the above examples, but the present invention is not limited to, i.e., does not mean that the present invention must be practiced in dependence upon, the above detailed process equipment and process flows. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of raw materials for the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., falls within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.
Claims (20)
1. A method for preparing mineral fibers by plasma melting of waste fly ash, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Mixing garbage fly ash and an acidic modifier, and performing plasma melting to obtain a molten body;
the garbage fly ash comprises the following components in mass fraction:
the acid conditioner comprises waste glass; the mass percentage of silicon dioxide in the waste glass is more than 85wt percent according to oxide; the acid hardening and tempering agent accounts for 30-50% of the mass of the melt;
(2) And (3) preparing mineral fibers by fiber forming of the melt in the step (1).
2. According to claim 1Wherein the waste fly ash further comprises 1 to 3wt.% Fe in terms of mass fraction 2 O 3 。
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the waste fly ash further comprises 6 to 15wt.% Na by mass fraction 2 O。
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the waste fly ash further comprises 2 to 7wt.% K by mass fraction 2 O。
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the waste fly ash further comprises 20 to 30wt.% chloride salt by mass fraction.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the chloride salt comprises any one or a combination of at least two of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, or calcium chloride.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the plasma melts at a temperature of 1400 to 1600 ℃ and the chlorine element is effectively removed at the elevated temperature.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the plasma is melted for a time period of 1 to 4 hours.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising a heat up treatment prior to the plasma melting.
10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that exhaust gas is collected or cleaned in the heating up treatment.
11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the acidity coefficient M of the melt k The value is 1.0-2.5.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the melt has a melting point of 1000 to 1200 ℃.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the melt has a viscosity of 1 to 8 Pa-s.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the melt has a viscosity of 1 to 3 Pa-s.
15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the melt is 1.5 to 4t/h.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of forming fibers comprises blowing, centrifuging, or drawing.
17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the centrifugation speed is 2200 to 4000r/min.
18. A method for preparing heat-insulating mineral wool, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: shaping and packaging the mineral fiber obtained by the method for preparing the mineral fiber by melting the garbage fly ash plasma according to any one of claims 1 to 17 to obtain the heat-insulating mineral cotton.
19. A thermal insulation mineral wool, characterized in that it is produced by the method for producing a thermal insulation mineral wool according to claim 18.
20. Use of the insulating mineral wool according to claim 19 in the building field or in the field of insulating materials.
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| CN115959825A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2023-04-14 | 北京科立科盈科技有限公司 | Method for preparing low-volume-weight rock wool by using gasified slag |
| CN113831010A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2021-12-24 | 光大环保技术研究院（深圳）有限公司 | Method for preparing mineral wool by using plasma molten ash |
| CN115073013B (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2023-11-14 | 湖南锐异资环科技有限公司 | Formula of mineral wool and production method thereof |
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