CN112661151B - Method for extracting graphite carbon from steel carbon-containing dust - Google Patents
Method for extracting graphite carbon from steel carbon-containing dust Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of graphite purification, and discloses a method for extracting graphite carbon from iron and steel carbon-containing dust, which comprises the steps of weighing the iron and steel carbon-containing dust, winnowing, and separating by using water as a flotation carrier for collected light materials; and finally, collecting the substances at the upper part in the water and drying to obtain the high-purity graphite carbon. The method is used for extracting the graphite carbon in the carbon-containing dust of the steel, does not need to add a collecting agent, a foaming agent and the like in the traditional flotation process, and can obtain the graphite carbon with higher purity after screening, winnowing and separating devices and water flotation treatment, thereby simplifying the production process and reducing the energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of graphite purification, and particularly relates to a method for extracting graphite carbon from steel carbon-containing dust.
Background
With the rapid development of the steel industry, the amount of carbon dust generated by steel enterprises is increasing year by year, the carbon dust mainly comes from the technological processes of sintering, iron making, steel rolling and the like, generally contains a large amount of graphite carbon, is a resource worth recovering, the graphite carbon has various characteristics of high and low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, electric conduction, heat conduction, lubrication, low surface energy, light weight, high carbonization yield and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of metallurgy, chemical industry, machinery, electronics, aerospace, national defense war industry and the like, and the current main purification mode of the graphite carbon comprises the following steps: flotation, alkaline-acid, hydrofluoric acid, chlorination-roasting, and high-temperature purification.
The flotation method is most widely applied to graphite carbon extraction at home and abroad, but a flotation agent, a foaming agent and the like are usually adopted in the flotation process; the production cost is high; the alkali-acid method requires an acid-base environment in the purification process, so that equipment corrosion and environmental pollution are caused; the hydrofluoric acid method has strong toxicity and volatility and also has serious pollution to the environment; the design, application and popularization of the process of the method are limited due to the toxicity, volatility, corrosiveness and other factors of the chlorine gas in the chlorination roasting method; although the high-temperature purification method can obtain the graphite carbon with higher purity, the method has strict requirements on purification equipment, strict requirements on purification environment and high industrial cost. Therefore, the problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field is how to provide a purification method for obtaining high-purity graphitic carbon from steel carbon-containing dust, which is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost, safe and pollution-free.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for extracting graphite carbon from steel carbon-containing dust, which can obtain the graphite carbon with higher purity by screening, winnowing and separating devices and water flotation treatment, simplifies the production process and reduces the energy consumption.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for extracting graphitic carbon from steel carbon-containing dust comprises the following steps in sequence:
1. weighing the steel carbon-containing dust A, screening by a screen, and collecting the dust A1 which does not pass through screening;
2. enabling the collected dust A1 to pass through a material inlet of the air separation device, and collecting a substance A2 blown out of a light material outlet of the air separation device;
3. separating the substance A2 by using water as a flotation carrier to obtain a substance A3;
4. and (4) collecting the substance A3 at the upper part in the water obtained in the step three and drying to obtain the graphite carbon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent.
The aperture of the sieve is limited to 150 to 250 μm.
As a second limitation, the speed of the dust A1 passing through a feed inlet of an air separation device is 3 to 15m/min; the air inlet speed of the air inlet of the air separation device is 1 to 20m/s.
As a third limitation, the dust containing carbon in the steel is blast furnace dust with the particle size of 10 to 500 mu m and the carbon content of more than 3.15 percent.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical progress that:
(1) The invention extracts the graphite carbon in the steel carbon-containing dust by screening, winnowing and separating devices and carrying out flotation through water, and provides a simple and convenient extraction process of low-content graphite carbon with industrial application value;
(2) Compared with the traditional extraction process of graphite carbon, the method has the advantages of low energy and material consumption, light environmental pollution and the like;
(3) The method can reduce the energy and material consumption of iron and steel enterprises and increase the added value in the production of the enterprises by extracting the graphite carbon in the carbon-containing dust of the iron and steel, thereby increasing the economic benefit of the enterprises.
The invention belongs to the technical field of graphite purification, and is used for extracting graphite carbon from steel carbon-containing dust.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an air separation device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an XRD detection pattern of the carbon-containing iron and steel dust in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an XRD detection pattern of the graphite carbon extracted in example 1 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a feeding port; 2. an air inlet; 3. a heavy material outlet; 4. and a light material outlet.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1 method for extracting graphitic carbon from steel carbonaceous dust
The embodiment comprises the following steps which are carried out in sequence:
1. weighing 100g of steel carbon-containing dust A, sieving the dust A through a sieve with the particle size of 150 mu m, and collecting dust A1 which does not pass through the sieve, wherein the mass of the dust A1 which does not pass through the sieve is 5.44g; in the step, the iron and steel carbon-containing dust A is blast furnace dust with the particle size of 10 to 500 mu m and the carbon content of more than 3.15 percent;
2. passing the collected 5.44g of dust A1 through a material inlet 1 of the air separation device, and collecting a substance A2 blown out from a light material outlet 4 of the air separation device; in the step, the speed of the dust A1 passing through a material inlet 1 of the air separation device is 3m/min; the air inlet speed of the air inlet 2 of the winnowing separation device is 5m/s;
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the air separation device in this step, in which a heavy material outlet 3 of the air separation device is located right below a material inlet 1, the heavy material outlet 3 is close to an air inlet 2, and a light material outlet 4 is far from the air inlet 2 relative to the heavy material outlet 3. After the dust A1 passes through a material inlet 1 of the winnowing separation device, heavy particles directly fall into a heavy material outlet 3 which is close to an air inlet 2 under the action of gravity and inertia, and light particles fall into a light material outlet 4 under the action of air blown out from the air inlet 2. The heavy material outlet 3 and the light material outlet 4 of the wind separation device in fig. 1 are respectively provided with two, and in practice, a plurality of heavy material outlets and a plurality of light material outlets can be provided according to the situation. In the step, the winnowing separation device can realize the separation of heavy materials and light materials and is of the existing structure, such as the product of North China science and technology, and the like;
3. separating the substance A2 by using water as a flotation carrier, wherein the graphite carbon dust in the substance A2 can float on the water surface, and other particles can settle to the bottom of the water due to the fact that the density of the particles is higher than that of the water, so that the water can be used as the flotation carrier for separation;
4. and (4) collecting the substance A3 at the upper part in the water obtained in the step (III) and drying to obtain the graphite carbon with the purity of 99.9%, wherein the mass of the graphite carbon obtained after drying is 2.12g.
As shown in fig. 2, which is an XRD detection pattern of the iron and steel carbon-containing dust weighed in this embodiment, it can be seen from fig. 2 that the components in the iron and steel carbon-containing dust raw material are complex, and mainly include Fe 2 O 3 、ZnFe 2 O 4 、CaCO 3 And SiO 2 And the XRD detection spectrum of the graphite carbon extracted after the screening, air separation and water flotation treatment is shown in figure 3, and as can be seen from figure 3, the main diffraction peak is graphite carbon, and no obvious diffraction peak of other substances is seen, which indicates that the high-purity graphite carbon can be extracted after the screening, air separation and water flotation treatment by the screening, air separation and water flotation treatment of the embodiment.
Example 2 method for extracting graphitic carbon from iron and steel carbonaceous dust
The embodiment comprises the following steps which are carried out in sequence:
1. weighing 150g of steel carbon-containing dust A, sieving the steel carbon-containing dust A through a sieve with the particle size of 180 mu m, and collecting dust A1 which does not pass through the sieve, wherein the mass of the dust A1 which does not pass through the sieve is 48g; in the step, the iron and steel carbon-containing dust A is blast furnace dust with carbon content of more than 3.15%;
2. passing the collected 48g of dust A1 through a material inlet 1 of the air separation device, and collecting a substance A2 blown out from a light material outlet 4 of the air separation device; in the step, the speed of the dust A1 passing through a material inlet 1 of the air separation device is 10m/min; the air inlet speed of the air inlet 2 of the winnowing separation device is 1m/s;
3. separating the substance A2 by using water as a flotation carrier to obtain a substance A3;
4. and (3) collecting the upper substance A3 in the water obtained in the step three, and drying to obtain the graphite carbon with the purity of 99.5%, wherein the mass of the graphite carbon obtained after drying is 18.35g.
Example 3 method for extracting graphitic carbon from steel carbonaceous dust
1. Weighing 100g of steel carbon-containing dust A, sieving the dust A through a sieve with the particle size of 180 mu m, and collecting dust A1 which does not pass through the sieve, wherein the mass of the dust A1 which does not pass through the sieve is 26g;
2. passing the collected 26g of dust A1 through a material inlet 1 of an air separation device, and collecting a substance A2 blown out from a light material outlet 4 of the air separation device; in the step, the speed of the dust A1 passing through a material inlet 1 of the air separation device is 5m/min; the air inlet speed of the air inlet 2 of the winnowing separation device is 20m/s;
3. separating the substance A2 by using water as a flotation carrier to obtain a substance A3;
4. and (3) collecting the upper substance A3 in the water obtained in the step (III) and drying to obtain the graphite carbon with the purity of 100%, wherein the mass of the graphite carbon obtained after drying is 5.66g.
Example 4A method for extracting graphitic carbon from iron and steel carbonaceous dust
1. Weighing 100g of steel carbon-containing dust A, sieving the dust A through a sieve with the particle size of 200 mu m, and collecting dust A1 which does not pass through the sieve, wherein the mass of the dust A1 which does not pass through the sieve is 24.06g;
2. passing the collected 24.06g of dust A1 through a material inlet 1 of an air separation device, and collecting a substance A2 blown out from a light material outlet 4 of the air separation device; in the step, the speed of the dust A1 passing through a material inlet 1 of the air separation device is 15m/min; the air inlet speed of the air inlet 2 of the winnowing separation device is 10m/s;
3. separating the substance A2 by using water as a flotation carrier to obtain a substance A3;
4. and (3) collecting the upper substance A3 in the water obtained in the step three, and drying to obtain the graphite carbon with the purity of 99.8%, wherein the mass of the graphite carbon obtained after drying is 7.16g.
Example 5A method for extracting graphitic carbon from iron and steel carbonaceous dust
1. Weighing 100g of steel carbon-containing dust A, sieving the steel carbon-containing dust A through a sieve with the particle size of 250 mu m, and collecting dust A1 which does not pass through the sieve, wherein the mass of the dust A1 which does not pass through the sieve is 10.12g;
2. passing the collected 10.12g of dust A1 through a material inlet 1 of the air separation device, and collecting a substance A2 blown out from a light material outlet 4 of the air separation device; in the step, the speed of the dust A1 passing through a material inlet 1 of the air separation device is 8m/min; the air inlet speed of the air inlet 2 of the winnowing separation device is 15m/s;
3. separating the substance A2 by using water as a flotation carrier to obtain a substance A3;
4. and (3) collecting the upper substance A3 in the water obtained in the step (III) and drying to obtain the graphite carbon with the purity of 100%, wherein the mass of the graphite carbon obtained after drying is 3.56g.
Claims (2)
1. The method for extracting the graphitic carbon from the steel carbon-containing dust is characterized by comprising the following steps in sequence:
1. weighing the steel carbon-containing dust A, screening by a screen, and collecting the dust A1 which does not pass through screening;
2. enabling the collected dust A1 to pass through a material inlet of the air separation device, and collecting a substance A2 blown out of a light material outlet of the air separation device;
3. separating the substance A2 by using water as a flotation carrier to obtain a substance A3;
4. collecting the substance A3 at the upper part in the water obtained in the step three, and drying to obtain graphite carbon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5%;
the speed of the dust A1 passing through a material inlet of an air separation device is 3 to 15m/min; the air inlet speed of an air inlet of the air separation device is 1 to 20m/s;
the aperture of the sieve is 150 to 250 mu m.
2. The method for extracting graphitic carbon from steel carbonaceous dust according to claim 1, wherein the steel carbonaceous dust is blast furnace dust with a particle size of 10 to 500 μm and a carbon content of 3.15% or more.
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| CN104907171A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-16 | 安徽工业大学 | Method for recycling crystalline flake graphite from molten iron desulphurization residues |
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| JPS63151609A (en) * | 1986-12-12 | 1988-06-24 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Recovery and purification of high-grade graphite from iron manufacturing dust |
| CN1107439A (en) * | 1994-11-21 | 1995-08-30 | 舒新前 | Coke powder series refined carbon powder an its producing process |
| CN102766704B (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-09-10 | 莱芜钢铁集团泰东实业有限公司 | Steelmaking desulfurization slag treatment system and steelmaking desulfurization slag treatment method |
| CN105129783B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2019-01-22 | 莱芜大山资源利用环保科技有限公司 | It is a kind of using desulfurization slag as the processing technology of feedstock purification graphite |
| CN206139501U (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-05-03 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | Graphite powder granularity sorting facilities |
| CN107311169A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-11-03 | 湖南国盛石墨科技有限公司 | A kind of expanded graphite and preparation method thereof |
| CN111020104A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-17 | 马鞍山市弘信冶金材料有限公司 | Production method of graphite carburant |
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