CN112659279B - Wooden recombinant material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wooden recombinant material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112659279B CN112659279B CN202011413228.5A CN202011413228A CN112659279B CN 112659279 B CN112659279 B CN 112659279B CN 202011413228 A CN202011413228 A CN 202011413228A CN 112659279 B CN112659279 B CN 112659279B
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Landscapes
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a wood recombinant material and a preparation method thereof. The wood recombined material comprises a wood material and a bamboo material, and the bamboo material is positioned between at least two layers of wood materials; the wood material and the bamboo material are bonded through an adhesive to form a composite blank; the surface of the composite blank is also provided with a first coating and/or a second coating; the first coating is derived from an anti-rot, mildew-resistant material; the second coating is derived from a uv-resistant functional material. The wood recombinant material has excellent termite and mildew resistance, excellent decay resistance, good surface texture effect and long-time fastness. Furthermore, the preparation method of the wood recombinant material is simple and feasible in process, easy in raw material acquisition and suitable for mass production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wood recombined material and a continuous preparation method thereof, in particular to an anti-aging, anti-decay and anti-mildew wood recombined material and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the field of wood materials.
Background
Wood has been used by humans as a traditional material. With the reduction of large diameter wood in natural resources, the improvement of human demand for materials and performance, and the advancement of scientific technology, wood utilization approaches gradually evolve from original log utilization to utilization of sawn timber, veneers, shavings, fibers and chemical components. From the end of the 19 th century, laminates were used in switzerland; particle board appears in the 40 th century; after 60 s, non-single-board artificial boards such as oriented strand boards, veneer lumber, reconstituted wood and the like appear successively. Research on wood recombinant materials has been greatly progressed in countries around the world.
The wood artificial board is made by separating wood or non-wood plant fiber raw materials into different units and then recombining. The wood recombined material is one of important types of wood artificial boards, and is a novel composite material, and is a board or a square material formed by taking rolling fluffing as a main processing mode, taking wood/bamboo bundles or wood/bamboo fiber veneers as basic units, conducting resin impregnation and leading in, and gluing according to the following grain assembly and hot pressing (or cold pressing and heat curing).
The wood recombined material greatly improves the utilization rate of raw materials, realizes controllable performance of the board, adjustable specification and designable structure, enables the wood artificial board to span from application fields such as indoor floors, furniture, cement templates and the like to high-added value fields such as high-strength wind power blades, high-weather-resistant outdoor materials and the like, and becomes one of main stream products of wood-bamboo industry in China. However, the existing wood recombination material is mainly applied to the outdoor field and is easy to be affected by light, microorganisms and rainwater, and the color of the existing wood recombination material is changed into grey white after ultraviolet degradation in the outdoor three months, so that the mildew-proof and corrosion-proof effects are poor; meanwhile, the recombined bamboo boards have single tone, small texture change and the like.
The cited document 1 discloses a bamboo-wood mixed recombined material and a processing method thereof, which overcome the technical defects of poor forming texture, uneven material mixing, poor consistency, small strength, difficult manufacture and high energy consumption of the existing single-material pressed slab, and provide the bamboo-wood mixed recombined material with rich textures, uniform and compact material mixing, high strength and convenient manufacture after forming and the processing method thereof. But the texture of the wood composite material is random. In addition, the wood recombinant material does not have termite and mildew resistance, has poor decay resistance and cannot ensure long-time fastness.
Reference 2 discloses a preparation method of an anti-corrosion recombined bamboo material, which comprises the steps of splitting, boiling high-pressure steam pretreatment, drying and soaking, forming a component and the like, and nutritional ingredients are lost and pyrolyzed mainly through boiling and high-pressure steam heating treatment, so that an anti-corrosion effect is achieved, and an obtained product has excellent anti-corrosion property. The recombinant material has the problems of single color tone and small texture change, and meanwhile, compared with the conventional process, the process and equipment are added in the treatment process, so that the preparation efficiency is reduced.
Citation literature:
citation 1: CN 102259371A
Citation 2: CN 111203946A
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, for example: the invention provides a wood recombinant material which does not have the effects of decay resistance, mildew resistance, termite resistance, single texture and the like. The wood recombinant material has excellent termite and mildew resistance, excellent decay resistance, good surface texture effect and long-time fastness.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a preparation method of the wood recombinant material, which has simple and feasible process and easily obtained raw materials and is suitable for mass production.
Solution for solving the problem
The invention provides a wood recombination material, wherein the wood recombination material comprises a wood material and a bamboo material, and the bamboo material is positioned between at least two layers of wood materials;
the wood material and the bamboo material are bonded through an adhesive to form a composite blank;
the surface of the composite blank is also provided with a first coating and/or a second coating;
the first coating is derived from an anti-rot, mildew-resistant material;
the second coating is derived from a uv-resistant functional material.
The wood recombinant material provided by the invention, wherein the anti-rot and mildew-proof material comprises one or more than two of azole compounds, isothiazolinone compounds and quaternary ammonium salts; preferably, the anti-rot and mildew-proof material comprises an azole compound, an isothiazolinone compound and a quaternary ammonium salt; more preferably, the mass ratio of the azole compound to the isothiazolinone to the quaternary ammonium salt is 1: (2-6): (1-4).
The wood recombinant material according to the present invention, wherein the azole compound comprises tebuconazole and/or propiconazole; the isothiazolinones include one or a combination of more than two of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 1, 2-benzisothiazolin-3-one; the quaternary ammonium salt comprises dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and/or alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.
The wood recombinant material of the invention, wherein the ultraviolet resistant functional material comprises one or more than two of vegetable oil, emulsifying agent, defoamer and auxiliary agent; preferably, the mass ratio of the vegetable oil to the emulsifier to the defoamer to the auxiliary agent is (12-18): 1-2): 0.05-0.1): 80-86.
The wood recombinant material according to the present invention, wherein the vegetable oil comprises hemp seed oil and/or tung oil; the emulsifier comprises one or more than two of nonylphenol, ethoxylated octanoic acid and ethoxylated alcohol ether; the defoamer comprises a silicon defoamer.
The wood recombinant material according to the present invention, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises one or a combination of two or more of paraffin, naphtha and propynyl carbamate; preferably, the mass ratio of the paraffin, the naphtha and the propynyl carbamate is (4-5): (12-14): (1-2).
The wood recombinant material of the invention, wherein the usage amount of the anti-rot and mildew-proof material is 20-200g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And/or
The usage amount of the anti-ultraviolet functional material is 50-500g/m 2 。
The invention also provides a preparation method of the wood recombinant material, which comprises the following steps:
the wood recombined material comprises a wood material and a bamboo material, and the wood material and the bamboo material are immersed in the adhesive and then dried to obtain a wood immersed product and a bamboo immersed product;
assembling the wood impregnation products and the wood impregnation products, and positioning the bamboo impregnation products between at least two layers of the wood impregnation products to obtain a molded body;
carrying out hot pressing on the formed body to obtain a composite blank;
and performing functional post-treatment on the composite blank by using a decay and mildew resistant material and/or an ultraviolet resistant functional material to obtain the wood recombinant material.
The preparation method according to the present invention, wherein the temperature of the drying does not exceed 70 ℃, preferably the drying comprises dehumidification drying and/or heat pump drying; more preferably, the first impregnation product and/or the second impregnation product has a water content of 8-20% after drying.
The preparation method of the invention, wherein the temperature of the hot pressing is 130-150 ℃, and the pressure of the hot pressing is 2-5MPa; the hot pressing time is 0.5-3min/mm.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
The wood recombinant material has excellent termite and mildew resistance, excellent decay resistance, good surface texture effect and long-time fastness.
Furthermore, the preparation method of the wood recombinant material is simple and feasible in process, easy in raw material acquisition and suitable for mass production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows photographs of surface textures of wood composite materials of example 1, example 2, example 3 and comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a wood composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a comparative graph of the results of the aging resistance test of comparative example 1, example 2 and example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the present invention in detail. The following description of the technical features is based on the representative embodiments and specific examples of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and specific examples. It should be noted that:
in the present specification, the numerical range indicated by the term "numerical value a to numerical value B" means a range including the end point numerical value A, B.
In the present specification, unless specifically stated otherwise, "a plurality" of "a plurality of" etc. means a numerical value of 2 or more.
In this specification, the terms "substantially", "substantially" or "substantially" mean that the error is less than 5%, or less than 3% or less than 1% compared to the relevant perfect or theoretical standard.
In the present specification, "%" means mass% unless otherwise specified.
In the present specification, the meaning of "can" includes both the meaning of performing a certain process and the meaning of not performing a certain process.
In this specification, "optional" or "optionally" means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event occurs and instances where it does not.
Reference throughout this specification to "some specific/preferred embodiments," "other specific/preferred embodiments," "an embodiment," and so forth, means that a particular element (e.g., feature, structure, property, and/or characteristic) described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described herein, and may or may not be present in other embodiments. In addition, it is to be understood that the elements may be combined in any suitable manner in the various embodiments.
In the present specification, the "normal temperature" and "room temperature" may be 10 to 40 ℃.
<First aspect>
A first aspect of the present invention provides a wood composite material comprising a wood material and a bamboo material, the bamboo material being located between at least two layers of wood material;
the wood material and the bamboo material are bonded through an adhesive to form a composite blank;
the surface of the composite blank is also provided with a first coating and/or a second coating;
the first coating is derived from an anti-rot, mildew-resistant material;
the second coating is derived from a uv-resistant functional material.
Specifically, the wood recombined material at least comprises a wood material and a bamboo material. Specifically, in the present invention, the wood material in the wood composite material may have a multi-layered structure, and the bamboo material in the wood composite material may have a multi-layered structure. For example, when using a wood-fiber veneer as the wood material, there may be a plurality of wood-fiber veneers bonded together as the wood material; when the bamboo-fiber veneer is used as the bamboo material, a plurality of bamboo-fiber veneers may be bonded together as the bamboo material.
The wood material is obtained by mechanical fluffing by taking various woods as raw materials.
For wood materials, firstly, rotary-cut veneers are formed in a rotary-cut mode, the thickness of each veneer is 3-20mm, and then, through implementation of a discontinuous line splitting directional mechanical fine fluffing technology, directional line splitting wood fiber veneer recombination units with uniform unit morphology and uniform surface density distribution are formed, so that the wood recombination materials are conveniently prepared. The mechanical fluffing mode may be a mechanical fluffing mode commonly used in the art.
For wood materials using wood as a raw material, the source of the wood is not particularly limited, and any available wood commonly used in the art may be used. Similarly, the present invention mechanically fluffs the wood to obtain the desired wood material. In particular, in the present invention, the wood material may be a wood-fiber veneer.
For the source of the bamboo material, the wax green and yellow films can be effectively removed through mechanical fluffing, bamboo fibers are fluffed, the processed bamboo is formed into a net-shaped bamboo sheet curtain, the bamboo sheet curtain is not broken longitudinally and is loose transversely and connected in a staggered manner, and the arrangement direction of the bamboo fibers is kept, so that the wood recombined material is conveniently prepared. The mechanical fluffing mode may be a mechanical fluffing mode commonly used in the art. Specifically, bamboo green-removing and yellow-removing fluffing equipment can be adopted for fluffing. For example: may be a de-cyan, de-yellow fluffer as disclosed in patent document CN101733794a or a fluffer as disclosed in CN101486214 a. In some embodiments, the bamboo material is a bamboo bundle or a bamboo-fiberized veneer.
Specifically, in the invention, the mass ratio of the wood material to the bamboo material can be (1-2): (3-4), and the wood texture diversification and rich color tone of the surface of the wood recombined material can be achieved through the implementation of the proportion, so that the effect of changing the texture effect of the surface of the recombined material is further achieved.
The wood material and the bamboo material are bonded through an adhesive to form a composite blank, and the composite blank is formed through a hot pressing mode.
For the adhesive, in some specific embodiments, the adhesive comprises water-soluble impregnated phenolic resin, wherein the water-soluble phenolic resin is a phenolic resin aqueous solution prepared by taking sodium hydroxide as a catalyst, and the adhesive can use water as a solvent, so that pollution can be reduced, the cost is low, and the harm to human bodies is small. Specifically, in the invention, the mass concentration of the water-soluble impregnated phenolic resin in the adhesive is 20-40%, for example: 22%, 25%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 35%, 38%, etc.; after rolling, the content of the water-soluble impregnated phenolic resin (calculated as 100%) accounts for 5% -20% of the content of the rolled bamboo fiber veneer, for example: 8%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, etc.
Preferably, in the present invention, the weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble impregnating phenolic resin is in the range of 500 to 1000Da. The molecular weight of the water-soluble impregnating phenolic resin is one of the main factors influencing the impregnating process, and the molecular weight is too large, so that the resin is not easy to permeate into the bamboo material, and the impregnating is uneven and the yarn jumping phenomenon occurs in the later stage; however, the molecular weight is too small, the resin is unstable, and meanwhile, the resin completely permeates into the bamboo material, so that the curing is incomplete, and the gluing performance of the material is affected.
Further, the surface of the composite blank is also provided with a first coating and/or a second coating; the first coating is derived from an anti-rot, mildew-resistant material; the second coating is derived from a uv-resistant functional material.
In some specific embodiments, the decay and mildew resistant material comprises one or a combination of two or more of an azole, an isothiazolinone, and a quaternary ammonium salt.
Wherein, the azole compound is mainly used for destroying the nucleic acid structure of fungus, the isothiazolinone compound is mainly used for affecting the metabolism of fungus, and the quaternary ammonium salt is mainly used for destroying the cell structure of fungus. Specifically, the decay-resistant and mildew-resistant material of the invention can comprise azole compounds, isothiazolinone compounds and quaternary ammonium salts. The synergistic effect of the azole compound, the isothiazolinone compound and the quaternary ammonium salt can enlarge the sterilization spectrum and reduce the dosage, so that the bamboo wood outdoor environment can be treated for 6 months without mildew, and the outdoor bamboo wood long-acting mildew and corrosion prevention can be realized.
Further, in some specific embodiments, the azole compound is added in an amount of 0.5 to 3 parts by mass, for example: 1 part by mass, 1.5 parts by mass, 2 parts by mass, 2.5 parts by mass and the like; the isothiazolinone compound is added in an amount of 1 to 8 parts by mass, for example: 2 parts by mass, 3 parts by mass, 4 parts by mass, 5 parts by mass, 6 parts by mass, 7 parts by mass, etc.; the quaternary ammonium salt is added in an amount of 0.5 to 5 parts by mass, for example: 1 part by mass, 2 parts by mass, 3 parts by mass, 3.5 parts by mass, 4 parts by mass, 4.5 parts by mass, and the like. When the addition amounts of the azole compound, the isothiazolinone compound and the quaternary ammonium salt are within the scope of the present invention, the anticorrosive and mildew-proof properties can be more excellent.
In other specific embodiments, the azole, isothiazolinone, and quaternary ammonium salt are present in a mass ratio of 1: (2-6): (1-4), for example: 1:2:1.5,1:2:2,1:2:2.5,1:2:3,1:3:1,1:3:1.5,1:3:2,1:3:3,1:3:4,1:4:1.5,1:4:2,1:4:3,1:4:3.5,1:5:1.5,1:5:2,1:5:3,1:5:3.5, etc. When the mass ratio of the azole compound to the isothiazolinone to the quaternary ammonium salt is 1: (2-6): in the case of (1-4), the synergistic effect of the three can be further exerted.
Specifically, the azole compound comprises tebuconazole and/or propiconazole; the isothiazolinones include one or a combination of more than two of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 1, 2-benzisothiazolin-3-one; the quaternary ammonium salt comprises dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and/or alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.
Further, in the present invention, the decay and mildew resistant materialThe usage amount of (C) is 20-200g/m 2 . The usage amount of the anti-rot and mildew-proof material is 20-200g/m 2 When the termite-proof composite material is used, the corrosion resistance of the composite material can reach a strong corrosion resistance level, the termite-proof performance reaches a good level of more than 9.0 after being eaten, and the mold control efficiency reaches more than 90%.
In some specific embodiments, the uv resistant functional material comprises one or a combination of two or more of a vegetable oil, an emulsifier, a defoamer, and an adjuvant. Preferably, the anti-ultraviolet functional material comprises one or more than two of vegetable oil, emulsifying agent, defoamer and auxiliary agent, and can effectively inhibit lignin photodegradation and simultaneously maintain the aesthetic value of the surface of the recombinant material.
In some specific embodiments, the uv resistant functional materials of the present invention include vegetable oils, emulsifiers, defoamers, and adjuvants. Specifically, the vegetable oil is added in an amount of 10 to 20 parts by mass, for example: 12 parts by mass, 14 parts by mass, 16 parts by mass, 18 parts by mass, etc.; the amount of the emulsifier added is 0.5 to 3 parts by mass, for example: 1 part by mass, 1.5 parts by mass, 2 parts by mass, 2.5 parts by mass and the like; the defoaming agent is added in an amount of 0.01 to 0.2 parts by mass, for example: 0.03 mass part, 0.05 mass part, 0.08 mass part, 0.1 mass part, etc., 0.15 mass part, 0.18 mass part, etc.; the addition amount of the auxiliary agent is 75-90 parts by mass, for example: 78 parts by mass, 80 parts by mass, 82 parts by mass, 85 parts by mass, 88 parts by mass, and the like. When the addition amounts of the vegetable oil, the emulsifier, the defoamer and the auxiliary agent are within the scope of the invention, the anti-corrosion and mildew-proof performance is more excellent.
In other specific embodiments, in the present invention, the mass ratio of the vegetable oil, the emulsifier, the defoamer, and the adjuvant is (12-18): (1-2): (0.05-0.1): (80-86), when the mass ratio of the vegetable oil to the emulsifier to the defoamer to the auxiliary agent is (12-18): (1-2): (0.05-0.1): (80-86) can effectively enhance the light stability of the surface of the material and show good synergistic effect. Specifically, the mass ratio of the vegetable oil to the emulsifier to the defoamer to the auxiliary agent can be (12.5-17.5): 1.2-1.8): 0.06-0.09): 81-85): 13-17): 1.3-1.7: (0.07-0.08): (82-84), and (14-16) (1.4-1.6): (0.072-0.078): (82.5-83.5).
In particular, the vegetable oil may comprise hemp seed oil and/or tung oil; the emulsifier comprises one or more than two of nonylphenol, ethoxylated octanoic acid and ethoxylated alcohol ether; the defoamer comprises a silicon defoamer, and can be polydimethylsiloxane and the like.
The auxiliary agent comprises one or more than two of paraffin, naphtha and propynyl carbamate; preferably, the adjuvants include paraffin, naphtha and propynyl carbamate; more preferably, the mass ratio of paraffin, naphtha and propynyl carbamate is (4-5): (12-14): (1-2), for example: 4.5:13:1,5:13:1,4:12:1,4.5:13:1.5,5:13:1.5,4:12:1.5, 4.5:13:2,5:13:2,2:6:1, and so forth. The water resistance and the ultraviolet resistance of the surface can be effectively improved by applying the auxiliary agent. Further, in the invention, the use amount of the ultraviolet resistant functional material is 50-500g/m 2 The usage amount of the anti-ultraviolet functional material is 50-500g/m 2 In this case, the wood composite material of the present invention can further achieve high weather resistance, transparency, and good gloss and color retention characteristics.
<Second aspect>
A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing a wood recombinant material of the first aspect, comprising the steps of:
the wood recombined material comprises a wood material and a bamboo material, wherein the thickness of the wood material is 3-20mm, the wood material and the bamboo material are immersed in the adhesive and then dried, and a wood immersed product and a bamboo immersed product are obtained;
assembling the wood impregnation products and the wood impregnation products, and positioning the bamboo impregnation products between at least two layers of wood impregnation products, namely taking a wood material as a surface layer raw material and taking a bamboo material as a core layer raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the surface layer raw material to the core layer raw material is (1-2) (3-4), so as to obtain a formed body;
carrying out hot pressing on the formed body to obtain a composite blank;
and performing functional post-treatment on the composite blank by using a decay and mildew resistant material and/or an ultraviolet resistant functional material to obtain the wood recombinant material.
In some specific embodiments, the wood material and the bamboo material are respectively immersed in the adhesive to obtain a prepreg; specifically, the time of the impregnation is 10 to 30 minutes, for example: 12min, 15min, 18min, 20min, 22min, 25min, 28min, etc.; the impregnation temperature is room temperature, and typically, a certain amount of water is added to the adhesive before impregnation. Wherein the impregnation concentration of the adhesive is 5% -30% (i.e., the addition amount of the adhesive is 5% -30% based on the total mass of the adhesive and water), for example: 8%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 25%, 30%, etc.
In general, the room temperature described in the present invention may be 10-40 ℃. In the dipping process, the blended water-soluble dipping phenolic resin coats a layer of uniform phenolic resin adhesive film on the surfaces of the wood material and the bamboo material through flowing, penetrating and wetting, and is simultaneously attached and deposited on the insides of cracks and parenchyma cell cavities formed by fluffing and rolling and cell walls in basic tissues near the extension positions of the cracks, so that the adhesive is finally uniformly distributed in the whole wood material and the bamboo material, and finally, in the curing process, the inside of the wood recombined material is formed into enhanced combination.
Further, the prepreg is subjected to further drying, specifically at a temperature of 50 to 70 ℃, for example: 52 ℃, 55 ℃, 58 ℃, 60 ℃, 62 ℃, 65 ℃, 68 ℃, etc. In the present invention, the main purpose of drying is to solve the problem of the adhesive giving the unit moisture during the impregnation process, while increasing the degree of polycondensation of the water-soluble impregnating phenolic resin reduces the pressing time. In the drying process, the retention value of the enthalpy value of the water-soluble impregnated phenolic resin after drying is high so as to ensure that the adhesive has enough activity. If the drying temperature is too low, the final water content of the impregnation unit is too high, defects such as bubbling can be generated during molding, and if the drying temperature is too high, the pre-curing of the adhesive can be increased, so that the bonding strength of the plate is affected.
After drying, the moisture content of the wood impregnation product and/or the bamboo impregnation product is 8-20%, for example: 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, etc. Specifically, a dehumidifying drying and/or a heat pump drying mode can be generally adopted, so that drying can be realized, and the moisture content of the wood impregnation product and/or the bamboo impregnation product after drying is 8-20%.
The invention is characterized in that the wooden impregnated products and the bamboo impregnated products are assembled, and the bamboo impregnated products are positioned between at least two layers of wooden impregnated products, so that a formed body is obtained. The invention does not limit the assembly between the wood impregnated product and the bamboo impregnated product, and only needs to take the wood material as the surface layer raw material and the bamboo material as the core layer raw material (shown in figure 2) during the assembly, wherein the raw material mass ratio of the surface layer to the core layer is (1-2): (3-4), for example: 1:1.5, 1:1.8, 1:2, 1:2.2, 1:2.5, 1:2.8, 1:3, 1:3.2, 1:3.5, etc.; specifically, the surface layer material and the core layer material are then laid in a substantially parallel manner, i.e., fully longitudinally, wherein the density of the assembly is greater than 0.80g/cm 3 For example, 0.81g/cm 3 、0.82g/cm 3 、0.88g/cm 3 、1g/cm 3 、1.05g/cm 3 、1.1g/cm 3 、1.15g/cm 3 、1.2g/cm 3 Etc., preferably 0.85-1.25g/cm 3 。
The method comprises the steps of directly feeding the formed body into a hot press for periodical pressurizing, heating and pressing, cooling by cold water after reaching a preset time, and decompressing after the cooling temperature reaches below 60 ℃. In the molding process, the water-soluble impregnated phenolic resin undergoes solid phase reactions in the viscous state, the rubbery state, the glassy state and the glassy state to achieve curing.
Specifically, in the present invention, the hot pressing temperature is 130 to 150 ℃, for example: 132 ℃, 135 ℃, 138 ℃, 140 ℃, 142 ℃, 145 ℃, 148 ℃, etc.; the hot pressing time is 0.5-3.0mm/min, for example: 1.1mm/min, 1.2mm/min, 1.5mm/min, 1.8mm/min, 2mm/min, 2.2mm/min, 2.5mm/min, 2.8mm/min, etc.; the hot pressing pressure is 2.0-5.0MPa, for example: 2.5MPa, 3MPa, 3.5MPa, 4MPa, 4.5MPa, etc. Wherein the time unit "min/mm" of the hot pressing of the present invention means that the time taken for the hot pressing is 0.5 to 1.0min per 1mm thick pre-pressed molded body.
In addition, the invention also utilizes the anti-decay and anti-mildew material and/or the anti-ultraviolet functional material to carry out functional post-treatment on the composite blank so as to obtain the wood recombinant material.
In some specific embodiments, the functionalized post-treatment comprises the step of painting the wood composite material with a decay and mildew resistant material and/or an ultraviolet resistant functional material. Specifically, the coating mode adopted by the invention is one or a combination of more than two of brushing, spraying or rolling.
Preferably, in the invention, the usage amount of the decay-preventing and mildew-preventing material is 20-200g/m 2 For example: 30g/m 2 、60g/m 2 、80g/m 2 、100g/m 2 、120g/m 2 、140g/m 2 、160g/m 2 、180g/m 2 . The usage amount of the anti-ultraviolet functional material is 50-500g/m 2 For example: 100g/m 2 、150g/m 2 、200g/m 2 、250g/m 2 、300g/m 2 、350g/m 2 、400g/m 2 、450g/m 2 。
Then, a coating is formed on the surface of the bamboo-based fiber composite material blank in a drying mode; wherein the drying is one or more of natural drying or heat drying, and generally, the heat drying temperature is 100 ℃ or less, for example: 30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 90 ℃ and the like; the drying time is 20-180min, for example: 40min, 60min, 80min, 100min, 120min, 140min, 160min, etc.
Examples
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
Wherein the weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble impregnated phenolic resin is about 700Da, and the manufacturer is Taier adhesive (Guangdong) limited company;
example 1
Impregnating 4mm eucalyptus-fibered single boards and bamboo-fibered single boards at room temperature to obtain prepregs, wherein the impregnation concentration is 15%, the impregnation time is 15min, the content of water-soluble impregnated phenolic resin (calculated by 100% solid content) accounts for 13% of the total mass of the wood-based material prepregs, then drying the prepregs at 65 ℃ until the water content of the dried products is 12%, then taking the impregnated bamboo-fibered single boards as core layer raw materials and the impregnated eucalyptus-fibered single boards as surface layer raw materials, wherein the paving mass ratio of the core layer=2:3 and the paving density of the two is 1.15g/cm 3 And (3) performing hot press molding in a parallel paving mode, wherein the hot press temperature is 135 ℃, the hot press time is 1.0mm/min, and the hot press pressure is 5.0MPa, so as to obtain the wood recombinant material blank.
Rolling and coating a corrosion-resistant and mildew-resistant material containing 1 part by mass of tebuconazole, 3 parts by mass of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone and 2 parts by mass of alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride on the surface of a wooden recombinant material blank to form a first coating, wherein the usage amount of the first coating is 100g/m 2 . Then rolling and coating an anti-ultraviolet functional material containing 15 parts by mass of tung oil, 1 part by mass of nonylphenol, 0.05 part by mass of polydimethylsiloxane and 84 parts by mass of auxiliary agent on the surface of a wooden recombinant material blank, wherein the auxiliary agent is formed into a second coating by the mass ratio of paraffin, naphtha and propynyl carbamate being 20:70:10, and the use amount is 80g/m 2 . And drying to finally finish the preparation of the wood recombinant material, wherein the adopted drying mode is heating drying, wherein the drying temperature is 80 ℃ and the drying time is 40min.
Example 2
6mm poplar fiberThe method comprises the steps of carrying out impregnation treatment on a chemical single board and a bamboo fiber single board at room temperature to obtain a prepreg, wherein the impregnation concentration is 20%, the impregnation time is 15min, the content of water-soluble impregnation phenolic resin (calculated by 100% of solid content) after impregnation accounts for 17% of the total mass of the wood-based material prepreg, then carrying out drying treatment on the prepreg, the drying temperature is 65 ℃, the water content of a dried product after drying is 12%, then taking the impregnated bamboo fiber single board as a core layer raw material, and the impregnated eucalyptus fiber single board as a surface layer raw material, wherein the paving mass ratio of the two is that the core layer=3:7, and the paving density is 1.05g/cm 3 And (3) performing hot press molding in a parallel paving mode, wherein the hot press temperature is 135 ℃, the hot press time is 1.0mm/min, and the hot press pressure is 4.0MPa, so as to obtain the wood recombinant material blank.
The method comprises the steps of rolling and coating an anti-corrosion and anti-mildew material containing 0.5 part by mass of tebuconazole, 0.5 part by mass of propiconazole, 2 parts by mass of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2 parts by mass of 1, 2-benzisothiazolin-3-one and 3 parts by mass of dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride on the surface of a wooden recombinant material blank to form a first coating, wherein the usage amount of the first coating is 100g/m 2 . Then rolling and coating an anti-ultraviolet functional material containing 15 parts by mass of sesame seed oil, 2 parts by mass of ethoxylated octanoic acid, 0.1 part by mass of polydimethylsiloxane and 83 parts by mass of auxiliary agent on the surface of a wooden recombinant material blank, wherein the auxiliary agent is formed into a second coating by the mass ratio of paraffin, naphtha and propynyl carbamate being 25:65:10, and the using amount is 100g/m 2 And drying to finally finish the preparation of the wood recombinant material, wherein the adopted drying mode is heating drying, the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 40min.
Example 3
Impregnating 8mm larch-fiber single board and bamboo-fiber single board at room temperature to obtain prepreg, wherein the impregnation concentration is 20%, the impregnation time is 15min, the content of water-soluble impregnated phenolic resin (calculated by 100% solid content) after impregnation is 20% of the total mass of the wood-based material prepreg, then drying the prepreg at 70 ℃ to obtain a dried product with water content of 10%Then taking the impregnated bamboo fiber veneer as a core layer raw material, taking the impregnated eucalyptus fiber veneer as a surface layer raw material, wherein the paving mass ratio of the impregnated bamboo fiber veneer to the surface layer is core layer=2:3, and the paving density is 1.15g/cm 3 And (3) performing hot press molding in a parallel paving mode, wherein the hot press temperature is 140 ℃, the hot press time is 1.0mm/min, and the hot press pressure is 4.5MPa, so as to obtain the wood recombinant material blank.
The method comprises the steps of rolling and coating an anti-rot and mildew-proof material containing 0.5 part by mass of tebuconazole, 0.5 part by mass of propiconazole, 2 parts by mass of 1, 2-benzisothiazolin-3-one and 3 parts by mass of dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride on the surface of a wooden recombinant material blank to form a first coating, wherein the usage amount of the first coating is 120g/m 2 . Then, 15 parts by mass of hemp seed oil, 2 parts by mass of ethoxylated octanoic acid, 0.1 part by mass of polydimethylsiloxane and 83 parts by mass of auxiliary agent are roll-coated on the surface of a wooden recombinant material blank, wherein the auxiliary agent is formed into a second coating layer by the mass ratio of paraffin, naphtha and propynyl carbamate being 20:70:10, and the using amount is 150g/m 2 . And drying to finally finish the preparation of the wood recombinant material, wherein the adopted drying mode is heating drying, wherein the drying temperature is 80 ℃ and the drying time is 40min.
Comparative example 1
The method comprises the steps of carrying out impregnation treatment on a bamboo-based material by adopting water-soluble impregnation phenolic resin to obtain a prepreg, wherein the impregnation concentration is 20%, the impregnation time is 15min, the content of the water-soluble impregnation phenolic resin (calculated by 100% of solid content) after impregnation accounts for 17% of the total mass of the wood-based material prepreg, then carrying out drying treatment on the prepreg, the drying temperature is 65 ℃, the water content of a dried product is 12%, and then carrying out hot press molding on the impregnated product in a parallel pavement mode, wherein the pavement density is 1.15g/cm 3 The hot pressing temperature is 135 ℃, the hot pressing time is 1.0mm/min, and the hot pressing pressure is 4.0MPa, so that the bamboo-based fiber composite material is obtained.
Performance testing
1. General Performance test
The wood composite materials of examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were tested for density, texture, static bending strength, water absorption thickness expansion rate, mold resistance, corrosion resistance and termite resistance, as shown in the following table 1:
the density and the water absorption thickness expansion rate of the board are tested according to GB/T30364-2014 recombinant bamboo floor, wherein the processing condition of the water absorption thickness expansion rate is that the test piece is immersed in hot water at the temperature of (100+/-2) ℃ for 4 hours, the test piece is taken out and then is directly put in an air drying oven at the temperature of (63+/-3) ℃ for drying for 20 hours, then is immersed in hot water at the temperature of (100+/-2) ℃ for 4 hours, the water attached to the surface of the test piece is wiped off after the test piece is taken out, and the test piece is cooled for 10 minutes at room temperature for measurement. The measurement has to be completed in 10 min. The test piece should be immersed in hot water at 100+ -2deg.C when boiling.
The performance detection of the bending resistance is carried out according to the national standard GB/T17657-2013 method for testing the physicochemical properties of the artificial board and the decorative artificial board. The static bending strength of the three-point bending is mainly tested by applying a load to the middle part of a test piece supported by two points. The static bending strength is the ratio of the bending moment of the test piece under the action of the maximum load to the bending section modulus.
The mildew resistance was determined according to GB/T18261-2013 test method for mildew inhibitor control of Wood mildew and blue-turning fungus.
According to GB/T13942.1-2009 section 1 of Wood Endurance Properties: the natural corrosion resistance laboratory test method is used for testing the corrosion resistance and termite resistance.
TABLE 1 Performance index of woody recombinant Material
As can be seen from Table 1 and FIG. 1, the wood composite material of examples 1-3 of the present invention has more abundant textures and more abundant hues than the existing bamboo-based fiber composite material, and the mold control efficiency of the material is greatly improved on the basis of maintaining the strength and the water resistance unchanged compared with the existing material, the comparative example is seriously infected by blue-turning bacteria and mixed mold, the surface is full of bacteria, the control efficiency is 0, and the examples greatly improve the mold and blue-turning preventing capability of the material, and the control efficiency exceeds 90%; meanwhile, the weight loss rate of the embodiment is not more than 10%, and the material belongs to the strong corrosion resistance grade I, which indicates that the natural corrosion resistance of the material is strong.
2. Aging resistance test
The colorimetry values of the samples before and after accelerated aging were measured using a colorimeter. Referring to ASTM E1347 standard, the chromaticity parameters L, a, b under the CIELAB chromaticity system of the test specimen. The total color difference ΔE is calculated with reference to the following formula, where L o * 、a o * 、b o * And L t * 、a t * 、b t * The chromaticity parameter values of the sample after aging and aging for t hours are respectively shown in FIG. 3, and the total color difference delta E of the sample after accelerated aging.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the color difference change of comparative example 1 is the largest, and Δe reaches 5.87 after aging for 312 hours. The total color difference after aging was 3.60 for example 1, 2.70 for example 2 and 2.05 for example 3. This demonstrates that the coating of wood recombinant material significantly improves the color stability of the material when used outdoors.
It should be noted that, although the technical solution of the present invention is described in specific examples, those skilled in the art can understand that the present invention should not be limited thereto.
The foregoing description of embodiments of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the various embodiments described. The terminology used herein was chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or the technical improvements in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (12)
1. A wood composite material, characterized in that the wood composite material comprises a wood material and a bamboo material, wherein the bamboo material is positioned between at least two layers of wood materials;
the wood material and the bamboo material are bonded through an adhesive to form a composite blank;
the surface of the composite blank is also provided with a first coating and a second coating;
the first coating is derived from an anti-rot, mildew-resistant material;
the second coating is derived from an ultraviolet resistant functional material; wherein,,
the anti-ultraviolet functional material comprises 10-20 parts by mass of vegetable oil, 0.5-3 parts by mass of emulsifying agent, 0.01-0.2 part by mass of defoaming agent and 75-90 parts by mass of auxiliary agent;
the auxiliary agent comprises paraffin, naphtha and propynyl carbamate, wherein the mass ratio of the paraffin to the naphtha to the propynyl carbamate is (4-5): (12-14): (1-2);
the usage amount of the anti-ultraviolet functional material is 50-500g/m 2 ；
The vegetable oil comprises hemp seed oil and/or tung oil; the emulsifier comprises one or more than two of nonylphenol, ethoxylated octanoic acid and ethoxylated alcohol ether; the defoamer comprises a silicon defoamer.
2. The wood recombinant material of claim 1, wherein the rot resistant and mildew resistant material comprises a combination of one or more of an azole compound, an isothiazolinone compound, and a quaternary ammonium salt.
3. The wood recombinant material of claim 2, wherein the decay and mildew resistant material comprises an azole compound, an isothiazolinone compound, and a quaternary ammonium salt.
4. The wood-based recombination material according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the azole compound, the isothiazolinone and the quaternary ammonium salt is 1: (2-6): (1-4).
5. The wood-based recombinant material according to claim 2, wherein the azole compound comprises tebuconazole and/or propiconazole; the isothiazolinones include one or a combination of more than two of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 1, 2-benzisothiazolin-3-one; the quaternary ammonium salt comprises dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and/or alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.
6. The wood-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the mass ratio of the vegetable oil, the emulsifier, the defoamer and the auxiliary agent is (12-18): 1-2): 0.05-0.1): 80-86.
7. A wood recombinant material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the decay and mildew resistant material is used in an amount of 20 to 200g/m 2 。
8. A method for producing a wood recombinant material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
the wood recombined material comprises a wood material and a bamboo material, and the wood material and the bamboo material are immersed in an adhesive and then dried to obtain a wood immersed product and a bamboo immersed product;
assembling the wood impregnation products and the wood impregnation products, and positioning the bamboo impregnation products between at least two layers of the wood impregnation products to obtain a molded body;
carrying out hot pressing on the formed body to obtain a composite blank;
and performing functional post-treatment on the composite blank by using a decay and mildew resistant material and/or an ultraviolet resistant functional material to obtain the wood recombinant material.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the drying temperature is no greater than 70 ℃.
10. The method of preparation according to claim 9, wherein the drying comprises dehumidification drying and/or heat pump drying.
11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the moisture content of the wood impregnation product and/or the bamboo impregnation product after drying is 8-20%.
12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 130 to 150 ℃, and the hot pressing pressure is 2 to 5MPa; the hot pressing time is 0.5-3min/mm.
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