CN112658299A - Telescopic turning tool for turning large-arc inner spherical surface - Google Patents
Telescopic turning tool for turning large-arc inner spherical surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN112658299A CN112658299A CN202110110739.8A CN202110110739A CN112658299A CN 112658299 A CN112658299 A CN 112658299A CN 202110110739 A CN202110110739 A CN 202110110739A CN 112658299 A CN112658299 A CN 112658299A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a telescopic turning tool for turning a large-arc inner spherical surface in the technical field of lathe machining tool fixtures, which comprises a telescopic rod, wherein the left end of the telescopic rod is connected with a slide rod through a left cylindrical pin, a turning tool is installed on the slide rod, the right end of the telescopic rod is connected with a taper shank through a right cylindrical pin, and the taper shank is installed on a tailstock of a lathe; a sliding rod seat is arranged outside the sliding rod, and the sliding rod can move along the axial direction of the sliding rod seat; the telescopic rod comprises a double-head nut, a left screw rod, a right screw rod, a differential dial and a lock nut, wherein a left screw hole and a right screw hole are formed in the double-head nut and are respectively connected with the left screw rod and the right screw rod; the left end of the double-head nut is provided with a differential dial, and the right end of the double-head nut is provided with a locking nut for locking the double-head nut; the invention utilizes the connecting rod mechanism consisting of the sliding rod, the telescopic rod and the taper shank, and the matching of the sliding rod and the sliding rod seat, solves the technical problem of producing a large-arc inner spherical surface by a common lathe, and has the advantages that the machining precision is as high as 0.01mm by the matching of the left screw hole and the right screw hole of the double-head nut and the left screw rod and the right screw rod, thereby having great popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lathe machining cutter technology and equipment, in particular to a telescopic turning tool for turning a large-arc inner spherical surface.
Background
The cutting processing of the large-arc inner spherical surface is common in the production of special equipment such as a pressure-containing gas tank and the like, and due to the fact that the diameter of a workpiece is large, the requirements on processing precision and surface quality are high, in order to guarantee processing quality, the workpiece is preferably turned on a medium-sized and large-sized numerical control lathe, the size precision and the roundness are easy to control, the efficiency is fast and good, and the workpiece can be turned out only by knowing the large diameter or the small diameter and the R radius value in programming.
However, the unit price of medium and large numerical control lathes is as high as hundreds of thousands or even millions, the investment is large, and many small enterprises have no fund at all and can only machine such workpieces on a common lathe. However, in the processing of a common machine tool, because the control is realized by using the longitudinal and transverse combined feed of two hands, the control is realized by using the large sliding plate and the middle sliding plate, or the control is realized by using the middle sliding plate and the small sliding plate to cut, the production efficiency is low, the quality cannot be ensured, the processing precision and the surface roughness are difficult to control, a cutter bar of a common lathe tool cannot extend too long, otherwise, the rigidity is insufficient, the strength is reduced, the surface roughness value of a hole wall is difficult to control in the processing process, the quality cannot meet the requirement, and the large-batch production is difficult to adapt.
In order to solve the defect that no numerical control lathe is used for machining the inner spherical surface, ensure the machining quality and improve the production efficiency, the applicant designs and manufactures a special turning tool for turning the large-arc inner spherical surface on the end surface on a common lathe through research and exploration, and solves the technical problem that small and medium-sized enterprises use the common lathe to produce the large-arc inner spherical surface.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a telescopic turning tool for turning a large-arc inner spherical surface.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a telescopic turning tool for turning a large-arc inner spherical surface comprises a telescopic rod, wherein the left end of the telescopic rod is connected with a slide rod through a left cylindrical pin, a turning tool is installed on the slide rod, the right end of the telescopic rod is connected with a taper shank through a right cylindrical pin, and the taper shank is installed on a tailstock of a lathe;
the sliding rod seat is arranged outside the sliding rod, the flat key is arranged between the sliding rod and the sliding rod seat, the sliding rod can move along the axis direction of the sliding rod seat, and the sliding rod cannot rotate around the axis of the sliding rod seat due to the flat key.
Further, the telescopic rod comprises a double-head nut, a left screw hole and a right screw hole are formed in the double-head nut, the left screw hole is connected with the left screw rod in a matched mode, and the right screw hole is connected with the right screw rod in a matched mode; the left end of the double-head nut is provided with a differential dial, and the right end of the double-head nut is provided with a locking nut for locking the double-head nut.
The design concept of the telescopic turning tool for turning the large arc inner spherical surface comes from the following three principles:
1) the working principle of a link mechanism; 2) a workpiece machining principle; 3) the principle of a micrometer telescopic structure.
The telescopic turning tool for turning the large-arc inner spherical surface has the following functions of all large parts:
1) a slide bar: the sliding rod is arranged in the sliding rod seat, the hole is positioned by a flat key to prevent rotation, and the sliding rod can only slide left and right in the sliding rod seat, namely move along the axial direction of the sliding rod seat;
2) left screw: a straight ruler line is carved on the outer cylindrical surface, and the right side of the left screw rod enters the left screw hole of the double-headed nut and is matched with the left screw hole of the double-headed nut;
3) a right screw: the left side of the right screw rod enters a right screw hole of the double-head nut and is matched with the right screw hole of the double-head nut;
4) differential dial: 50 dividing lines are carved on the left end conical surface, and a right end cylinder is sleeved on a double-end nut and connected into a whole by a screw;
5) double-end nut: the specification of the left screw hole is M42 multiplied by 2.0, namely the diameter of the screw hole is 42mm, the thread pitch is 2.0mm, and the left screw rod is matched with the screw hole; the specification of the right screw hole is M40 multiplied by 1.5, namely the diameter of the screw hole is 40mm, the thread pitch is 1.5mm, and the right screw rod is matched with the screw hole;
when the double-end nut rotates for one circle, the variation of the distance R1 between the left cylindrical pin and the right cylindrical pin is 2.0mm-1.5mm =0.5 mm; namely, the variation of the radius R of the inner spherical surface is 0.01mm when the differential dial rotates for 1 grid;
that is, the adjustment precision of the inner spherical radius R is as high as 0.01mm, the distance R1 between the left cylindrical pin and the right cylindrical pin is equal to the inner spherical radius R, and the purpose of adjusting R can be achieved by adjusting R1;
6) locking a nut: when the radius R of the inner spherical surface of the arc of the machined workpiece is accurately adjusted, the double-headed nut is locked by the locking nut, so that the double-headed nut is prevented from rotating in the machining process;
7) a taper shank: and the right screw rod is connected and fixed with the lathe tailstock through elastic pre-tightening by using a hydraulic three-jaw to prevent the right screw rod from rotating in the machining process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention utilizes the connecting rod mechanism consisting of the sliding rod, the telescopic rod and the taper shank, solves the technical problem of producing the large-arc inner spherical surface by the common lathe, and provides technical support for the survival and development of small and medium-sized enterprises;
2) the slide bar and the slide bar seat are matched with each other, so that the problems of insufficient rigidity and reduced strength when the cutter bar of the turning tool, namely the slide bar, is extended too long are solved; the sliding rod is supported by the sliding rod seat, so that the problem of insufficient rigidity can be avoided no matter how large-radius workpieces are processed; in the processing process, the surface roughness value of the inner wall of the workpiece is controlled, the quality meets the requirement, and the method is suitable for mass production;
3) the left screw hole and the right screw hole of the double-head nut are perfectly matched with the left screw rod and the right screw rod, the processing precision is as high as 0.01mm, the surface roughness Ra value of the spherical surface is more than 3.2 mu m, the large-arc inner spherical surface can be turned on a common lathe, the operation is easy, the manufacturing cost is low, and the popularization value is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a telescopic turning tool for turning a large arc inner spherical surface.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the slide bar, the slide bar base and the flat key.
In the figure, 1-turning tool, 2-pressure screw, 3-sliding rod, 4-sliding rod seat, 5-left cylindrical pin, 6-left screw rod, 7-differential dial, 8-double-head nut, 9-lock nut, 10-right screw rod, 11-taper shank, 12-flat key, 13-lathe tailstock, 14-lathe tool rest, 15-right cylindrical pin, 16-workpiece, 17-chuck, R-radius of the large circular arc inner spherical surface of the workpiece, and R1-distance between the left cylindrical pin and the right cylindrical pin.
The dotted line part in the figure is a telescopic turning tool for turning the large-arc inner spherical surface, and the schematic diagram when the edge part of the large-arc inner spherical surface is turned is processed, and the working state of the connecting rod mechanism consisting of the sliding rod, the telescopic rod and the taper shank is represented. When the lathe works, the slide rod drives the turning tool to move up and down, and the chuck drives the workpiece to rotate and cooperate with the lathe to finish machining operation.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 is a telescopic turning tool for turning a large-arc inner spherical surface, which comprises a telescopic rod, wherein the left end of the telescopic rod is connected with a slide rod through a left cylindrical pin, a turning tool is installed on the slide rod, the right end of the telescopic rod is connected with a taper shank through a right cylindrical pin, and the taper shank is installed on a tailstock of a lathe; the sliding rod seat is arranged outside the sliding rod, the flat key is arranged between the sliding rod and the sliding rod seat, the sliding rod can move along the axis direction of the sliding rod seat, and the sliding rod cannot rotate around the axis of the sliding rod seat due to the flat key.
Further, the telescopic rod comprises a double-head nut, a left screw hole and a right screw hole are formed in the double-head nut, the left screw hole is connected with the left screw rod in a matched mode, and the right screw hole is connected with the right screw rod in a matched mode; the left end of the double-head nut is provided with a differential dial, and the right end of the double-head nut is provided with a locking nut for locking the double-head nut.
50 ruled lines are carved on the conical surface of the differential dial of the telescopic rod, and the distance between the left cylindrical pin and the right cylindrical pin changes by 0.5mm when the double-headed nut rotates for one circle, namely the distance between the left cylindrical pin and the right cylindrical pin changes by 0.01mm when the differential dial rotates for 1 lattice. The distance between the left cylindrical pin and the right cylindrical pin is the inner spherical radius R of the workpiece, namely, the variation of the inner spherical radius R is 0.01 mm. That is, the adjustment accuracy of the inner spherical radius R is as high as 0.01mm, that is, the machining accuracy is as high as 0.01 mm.
The utility model provides a sphere turning uses main points with flexible lathe tool in orthodrome:
1. in order to avoid dead points of the connecting rod mechanism in the process of turning the inner spherical surface, the rotating body is required to move forwards by an angle when the special tool is assembled and adjusted, and the four bar bodies are not on the same straight line. Namely, the left cylindrical pin axis and the right cylindrical pin axis must be in a parallel state, so that the slide bar, the left screw, the double-headed nut, the right screw, the taper shank and the like are always in the same plane, the connecting rod mechanism rotates smoothly, and dead points cannot occur;
2. the workpiece is subjected to internal stress elimination treatment, after rough machining and finish machining of the end face and the excircle, a special cutter is installed, a push rod seat is fixed on a tool rest of a lathe, a Morse taper shank is connected and fixed on a tailstock of the lathe, and the center distance between a left screw rod and a right screw rod of the special cutter is adjusted to be the machining size of an inner spherical surface, namely the radius R;
3. when in processing, the middle sliding plate (tool rest) moves transversely (radially), the sliding rod moves axially to drive the connecting rod to rotate, so as to drive the turning tool to cut the inner spherical surface, and when the center of the inner spherical surface and the depth of the spherical surface need to be adjusted, the tailstock sleeve extends forwards or backwards;
4. when the inner spherical radius needs to be changed, the locking nut is loosened, the adjusting double-end nut can be rotated, the distance R1 between the left cylindrical pin and the right cylindrical pin is increased or reduced, which is equivalent to the inner spherical radius R of the workpiece, and the locking nut is locked again after the adjustment is finished;
5. turning tool selection, namely turning by using a sharp cutter and a threading tool besides a round-head turning tool so that the roughness value of the surface of the inner spherical surface can meet the requirement;
6. during turning, the right end face of the workpiece is subjected to tool setting, so that the size of the inner spherical surface can be controlled; in order to prevent the chips from being wound on the turning tool in a belt shape and damaging the wall of the hole, a proper chip breaking groove is ground on the turning tool according to the cutting amount during finishing, and the chip breaking effect is controlled. When a high-speed steel turning tool is used, sufficient cutting fluid is added.
The utility model provides a spherical turning is with flexible lathe tool result of use in orthodrome:
1. the turning tool is used for turning the inner circular arc spherical surface on the common lathe, different feeding amounts are selected only by utilizing the automatic feeding of the handle of the carriage in the lathe, the rough turning and the finish turning are uniform in feeding, the cutter pattern is fine, the processing precision of the radius size of the circular arc can reach 0.01mm, the surface roughness Ra value of the spherical surface reaches more than 3.2 mu m, the turning of the large circular arc inner spherical surface on the common lathe is realized, the production efficiency is improved, the processing cost is reduced, and the processing quality can be completely ensured;
2. the inner spherical surface machining cutter has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, adjustable machining size, high adjusting precision of 0.01mm and wide application range;
3. the inner spherical surface machining tool is easy to manufacture, convenient to disassemble and assemble, simple to operate and most suitable for batch machining;
4. the labor intensity of production workers is reduced.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a sphere turning is with flexible lathe tool in orthodrome which characterized in that:
the lathe tool comprises a telescopic rod, wherein the left end of the telescopic rod is connected with a sliding rod through a left cylindrical pin, a lathe tool is installed on the sliding rod, the right end of the telescopic rod is connected with a taper shank through a right cylindrical pin, and the taper shank is installed on a tailstock of the lathe;
the sliding rod seat is arranged outside the sliding rod, a flat key is arranged between the sliding rod and the sliding rod seat, and the sliding rod can move along the axial direction of the sliding rod seat.
2. The telescopic turning tool for turning the large-arc inner spherical surface according to claim 1, wherein: the telescopic rod comprises a double-head nut, a left screw hole and a right screw hole are formed in the double-head nut, the left screw hole is connected with the left screw rod in a matched mode, and the right screw hole is connected with the right screw rod in a matched mode; the double-end nut left end is equipped with the differential calibrated scale, the double-end nut right-hand member is equipped with and is used for locking double-end nut's lock is female.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110110739.8A CN112658299A (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Telescopic turning tool for turning large-arc inner spherical surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110110739.8A CN112658299A (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Telescopic turning tool for turning large-arc inner spherical surface |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112658299A true CN112658299A (en) | 2021-04-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110110739.8A Pending CN112658299A (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Telescopic turning tool for turning large-arc inner spherical surface |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113878132A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-04 | 苏州经贸职业技术学院 | Workpiece arc machining device for intelligent lathe |
-
2021
- 2021-01-27 CN CN202110110739.8A patent/CN112658299A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113878132A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-04 | 苏州经贸职业技术学院 | Workpiece arc machining device for intelligent lathe |
| CN113878132B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-07-22 | 苏州经贸职业技术学院 | Workpiece arc machining device for intelligent lathe |
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