CN112657445A - Continuous reaction device for high-heat-release chemical reaction - Google Patents
Continuous reaction device for high-heat-release chemical reaction Download PDFInfo
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- CN112657445A CN112657445A CN202011461168.4A CN202011461168A CN112657445A CN 112657445 A CN112657445 A CN 112657445A CN 202011461168 A CN202011461168 A CN 202011461168A CN 112657445 A CN112657445 A CN 112657445A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous reaction device for high-heat-release chemical reaction, which comprises a batching system, a conveying system, a cooling system, a reaction system and a control system, and can transfer a large amount of heat generated in the chemical reaction out of the reaction system in time and safely to ensure that the reaction is carried out safely within a controllable range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chemical industry, in particular to a continuous reaction device for high-heat-release chemical reaction.
Background
The chemical reactions are accompanied by changes in heat, while the exothermic reactions predominate in the vast majority. Some of the reactions, such as oxidation, nitration, alkylation, sulfonation, grignard reaction, etc., are likely to cause reaction runaway due to large heat release and fast temperature rise in the reaction, and the heat generated in the reaction needs to be removed from the system in time. In traditional kettle-type reaction, need control with refrigerants such as a large amount of cryrogenic salt water or ice ethylene glycol, feed rate can not be too fast simultaneously, changes because of slight difference in the operation easily for the energy can not in time shift out, and reaction temperature is too high and lead to out of control, and then arouses accidents such as explosion, fire, and the control degree of difficulty is big. Meanwhile, the product quality is unstable due to large control fluctuation.
The novel reaction equipment such as a microchannel reactor, a tubular reactor and the like is used for reducing the amount of reactants in unit time and improving the mass transfer efficiency, the heat transfer efficiency and the efficient heat transfer effect. The heat in the reaction system can be timely and stably removed, so that the stability of the reaction is ensured; the intrinsic safety of the chemical reaction is improved, the product quality and the production efficiency are improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a continuous reaction device for high-heat-release chemical reaction, which improves the safety of the production process, improves the production efficiency and reduces the material consumption and the energy consumption.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a continuous reaction device for high-heat-release chemical reaction comprises a material distribution system, a conveying system, a cooling system, a reaction system and a control system.
Through the continuous reaction device, a large amount of heat generated in the chemical reaction can be timely and safely transferred out of the reaction system, the reaction is ensured to be safely carried out in a controllable range, compared with the traditional reaction device, the cooling efficiency is greatly improved, the system temperature is stably controlled, a high-power cooling system is not needed for cooling, the amount of substances participating in the reaction in a unit volume is greatly reduced, the reaction is safer and more controllable, and therefore the safety of the production process is improved, the production efficiency is improved, and the material consumption and the energy consumption are reduced.
Preferably, the batching system includes batching jar, batching pump, automatic control valve, sensor and weighing module, batching pump, sensor and weighing module, automatic control valve and control system are connected, and PLC is fed back to in real time to control system according to weighing module's signal, and servo motor is fed back to in real time to PLC, realizes accurate control.
After an instruction is input through the control system, the automatic feeding control valve is opened after the components and the system are detected to be in a normal state, the feeding of the proportioning pump is started, the feeding amount of the proportioning tank is monitored through the weighing module and the sensor, and the automatic feeding control valve is closed when a set value is reached.
Preferably, the automatic control valve and the dispensing tank are connected through flanges or threads, and a hose or other buffering devices are arranged between the automatic control valve and the dispensing tank, so that the dispensing accuracy is guaranteed.
The automatic control valve can be a pneumatic valve or a solenoid valve or an electric valve.
The batching jar can set up stirring or circulating pump, the batching jar is equipped with level sensor on, level sensor includes tuning fork, radar, microwave, infrared, mechanical type, once the liquid level exceeds or is less than the setting value, then closes or opens automatic control valve.
Batching jar is two a set ofly, can alternate the use between the batching jar of the same group.
When the material in one batching tank reaches the set low limit, the discharge valve is automatically closed, the feed valve is opened, and the batching pump is started for batching. And the discharge valve of the other batching tank is opened to continue feeding the reaction system so as to ensure the continuity of the reaction.
Preferably, the conveying system comprises a conveying pump, a control valve and a sensor, wherein the conveying pump can be a plunger pump, a gear pump, a diaphragm pump, a turbine pump, a centrifugal pump or a screw pump;
the flow of the delivery pump is set to be 0.001 kg/min to 5000 kg/min, the delivery pump is driven by a servo motor or a stepping motor, and the outlet of the delivery pump is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.
And the flow is adjusted through a control system according to the signal feedback of a weighing module or a liquid level sensor of the batching system.
The pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are called in the outlet or the pipeline of the delivery pump, and the automatic stop is realized once the pressure or the temperature exceeds a set value.
Preferably, the control system adopts a PLC screen or a computer terminal, is provided with ports connected with DCS and SIS systems, and is provided with an audible and visual alarm device;
the control system device can preset control parameters of the control system device in a manual input or data simulation mode.
After the sensor transmits a signal to the system, the system automatically judges whether the signal is within a set parameter range, and automatically performs intervention adjustment once the signal deviates; and when the alarm value is exceeded, safety measures such as alarming or emergency stop are carried out to ensure safety.
Preferably, the reaction system comprises a continuous reaction device, the continuous reaction device can be a microchannel reactor or a tubular reactor or a fixed bed reactor or a tower reactor or a fluidized bed reactor, the continuous reaction device is connected with a separation device, and the separation device can be a crystallizer or a solid-liquid separator or a pipeline type extraction separation device or a gas-liquid separator or a dryer.
The reaction system can be provided with one or more feeding holes, and the exothermic quantity of the reaction unit is reduced by feeding materials at different feeding holes, so that the exothermic uniformity of the reaction system is ensured, and the uniformity and the stability of the reaction are improved.
Preferably, the microchannel reactor is formed by overlapping a plurality of plates, the plates are connected in a welding or riveting mode, one or more sampling ports are arranged in the middle of the microchannel reactor, one surface of each plate is a reaction channel, the other surface of each plate is a cooling liquid channel, and a metal sheet for improving heat exchange efficiency, such as aluminum, magnesium, copper, silver, titanium, ferrozirconium, gold, various alloys and the like, is arranged in the middle of each plate.
The reaction system is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a gas purging system, once the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure exceed set values or sudden accidents such as equipment failure, power failure and the like occur, the system automatically stops running and is purged by gas to discharge materials out of the system, and the accidents are prevented from occurring or expanding. The gas used is one or more of inert gases which do not react with the materials, such as nitrogen, argon, helium, mixtures thereof, and the like.
The reaction system is provided with a rupture disk, once the pressure exceeds a limit value, the rupture disk is started, and materials enter a collecting device through a explosion venting pipe.
Preferably, the fixed bed reactor comprises a fixed phase catalyst, a reaction vessel, a jacket and a gas recovery device, and is divided into a preheating section, a reaction section and a recovery section, wherein one or more sampling ports are arranged in the middle;
the material enters a reaction system after being preheated or precooled by a preheating section, and is cooled and separated into gas-phase material and liquid-phase material by a recovery section after the reaction is finished, wherein the gas-phase material can be recycled, and the liquid-phase material enters the subsequent working procedure for treatment.
The reaction system is also provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and an emptying valve, once the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure exceed set values or sudden accidents such as equipment failure, power failure and the like occur, the system automatically stops running, the emptying valve is opened, materials are discharged out of the system, and the accidents are prevented from occurring or expanding.
The reaction system is provided with a rupture disk, once the pressure exceeds a limit value, the rupture disk is started, and materials enter a collecting device through a explosion venting pipe.
Preferably, the tubular reactor adopts a pipeline, is connected in a welding or riveting mode and is divided into a premixing section, a reaction section and a cooling section;
the pipeline is internally provided with a mixer, the middle of the pipeline is provided with one or more sampling ports, and immersion type or jacketed type cooling is adopted.
Preferably, the cooling system can be in a submerged type, and can also be in the form of a jacket or a tube array, and the coolant can be water or an alcohol solution or heat transfer oil or paraffin oil;
the cooling system is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, and the cooling is automatically stopped once the temperature or the pressure exceeds a set value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the quality of the reaction substance in unit time is greatly reduced, and the intrinsic safety of the reaction is improved;
2. the system is fully closed and continuously operated, so that the leakage risk and the environmental pollution such as tail gas emission are reduced.
3. Through the combination of all the systems, the continuous and automatic production can be realized, the manual operation links are reduced, and the safety risk and the production accident potential caused by human errors are avoided.
4. The system cooling efficiency is improved, the requirements on public systems such as cooling systems are reduced, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced.
5. The production equipment is miniaturized, and the requirements on equipment sites and the total investment of the equipment are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
wherein: 1 weighing module, 2 batching jars, 3 pneumatic ball valve one, 4 hose one, 5 pneumatic ball valve two, 6 batching pump one, 7 microchannel reactors, 8 pneumatic ball valve three, 9 batching pump two, 10 hose two, 11 cooling system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and "upright", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "disposed" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; the connection may be direct or indirect via an intermediate medium, and the connection may be internal to the two components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, in the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality", and "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a continuous reaction apparatus for high exothermic chemical reactions includes a feed system, a delivery system, a cooling system 11, a reaction system, and a control system.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the batching system includes batching jar 2, proportioning pump, automatic control valve, sensor and weighing module 1, and proportioning pump, sensor and weighing module 1, automatic control valve and control system connect, and the proportioning pump can be a plurality of, including proportioning pump 6, proportioning pump two 9.
The control system feeds back to the PLC in real time according to the signals of the weighing module 1, and the PLC feeds back to the servo motor in real time to realize accurate control.
After an instruction is input through the control system, the automatic feeding control valve is opened after the components and the system are detected to be in a normal state, the feeding of the proportioning pump is started, the feeding amount of the proportioning tank 2 is monitored through the weighing module 1 and the sensor, and the automatic feeding control valve is closed when a set value is reached.
The automatic control valve and the dispensing tank 2 are connected through flanges or threads, and a hose or other buffering devices, such as a hose I4 and a hose II 10, are arranged between the automatic control valve and the dispensing tank to ensure the accuracy of the dispensing. The automatic control valve can be a pneumatic valve or an electromagnetic valve or an electric valve, and the pneumatic valve is provided with a plurality of pneumatic valves including a pneumatic ball valve I3, a pneumatic ball valve II 5 and a pneumatic ball valve III 8.
The dosing tank 2 can be provided with a stirring or circulating pump, and a liquid level sensor is arranged on the dosing tank 2, wherein the liquid level sensor comprises a tuning fork, a radar, a microwave, an infrared and a mechanical type, and once the liquid level exceeds or is lower than a set value, an automatic control valve is closed or opened.
Batching jar is two a set ofly, can alternate the use between the batching jar of same group.
After the material reaches the settlement low limit in a batching jar, self-closing bleeder valve to open the feed valve, start the batching pump batching, another batching jar bleeder valve is opened, continues to the feeding of reaction system, in order to ensure the continuity of reaction.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the delivery system includes a delivery pump, a control valve and a sensor, and the delivery pump may be a plunger pump, a gear pump, a diaphragm pump, a turbine pump, a centrifugal pump or a screw pump. The flow rate of the delivery pump is set to be 0.001 kg/min to 5000 kg/min, the delivery pump is driven by a servo motor or a stepping motor, and the outlet of the delivery pump is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.
And the flow is adjusted through a control system according to the signal feedback of a weighing module 1 or a liquid level sensor of the batching system.
The pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are called in the outlet or the pipeline of the delivery pump, and the automatic stop is realized once the pressure or the temperature exceeds a set value.
The control system adopts a PLC screen or a computer terminal, is provided with ports connected with the DCS and the SIS, and is provided with an audible and visual alarm device. The control system device can preset the control parameters of the control system device in a manual input or data simulation mode.
After the sensor transmits a signal to the system, the system automatically judges whether the signal is within a set parameter range, and automatically performs intervention adjustment once the signal deviates; and when the alarm value is exceeded, safety measures such as alarming or emergency stop are carried out to ensure safety.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the reaction system includes a continuous reaction device, the continuous reaction device may be a microchannel reactor, a tubular reactor, a fixed bed reactor, a tower reactor, or a fluidized bed reactor, the continuous reaction device is connected to a separation apparatus, and the separation apparatus may be a crystallizer, a solid-liquid separator, a pipeline-type extraction separation device, a gas-liquid separator, or a dryer.
The reaction system can be provided with one or more feeding holes, and the exothermic quantity of the reaction unit is reduced by feeding materials at different feeding holes, so that the exothermic uniformity of the reaction system is ensured, and the uniformity and the stability of the reaction are improved.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the reactor is a microchannel reactor 7, the microchannel reactor 7 is formed by stacking a plurality of plates, and is connected by welding or riveting, one or more sampling ports are arranged in the middle, one surface of each plate is a reaction channel, the other surface of each plate is a cooling liquid channel, and a metal sheet for improving heat exchange efficiency, such as aluminum, magnesium, copper, silver, titanium, ferrozirconium, gold, various alloys, and the like, is arranged in the middle.
The reaction system is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a gas purging system, once the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure exceed set values or sudden accidents such as equipment failure, power failure and the like occur, the system automatically stops running and is purged by gas to discharge materials out of the system, so that the occurrence or expansion of the accidents is prevented. The gas used is one or more of inert gases which do not react with the materials, such as nitrogen, argon, helium, mixtures thereof, and the like.
The reaction system is provided with a rupture disk, once the pressure exceeds a limit value, the rupture disk is started, and materials enter the collecting device through the explosion venting pipe.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the fixed bed reactor includes a stationary phase catalyst, a reaction vessel, a jacket, and a gas recovery device, and is divided into a preheating section, a reaction section, and a recovery section, and one or more sampling ports are provided in the middle. The material enters a reaction system after being preheated or precooled by a preheating section, and is cooled and separated into gas-phase material and liquid-phase material by a recovery section after the reaction is finished, wherein the gas-phase material can be recycled, and the liquid-phase material enters the subsequent working procedure for treatment.
The reaction system is also provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and an emptying valve, once the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure exceed set values or sudden accidents such as equipment failure, power failure and the like occur, the system automatically stops running, the emptying valve is opened, materials are discharged out of the system, and the accidents are prevented from occurring or expanding.
The reaction system is provided with a rupture disk, once the pressure exceeds a limit value, the rupture disk is started, and materials enter the collecting device through the explosion venting pipe.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the cooling system 11 may be immersed, or may be in the form of a jacket or a tube, and the coolant may be water or an alcohol solution or a thermal oil or paraffin oil. The cooling system 11 is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, and automatically stops cooling when a temperature or a pressure exceeding a set value occurs.
The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows:
1. starting a feeding pump to pump the materials to a batching tank through a delivery pump, and stopping feeding when the materials reach a high liquid level through a control system;
2. starting a cooling system, starting a feeding pump, feeding materials into a reaction system in proportion by metering through a weighing module, enabling two batching tanks to form a group, closing a valve at the bottom of the batching tank 1 when the materials in the batching tank 1 reach the lowest liquid level position, opening a valve at the bottom of the batching tank 2 to continue feeding, and simultaneously starting batching in the batching tank 1;
3. the control system automatically adjusts the flow of cooling water according to the temperature and pressure feedback of the reaction system;
4. after the reaction is finished, collecting materials and carrying out the next procedure for treatment.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications should be considered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A continuous reaction device for high-heat-release chemical reaction is characterized by comprising a material distribution system, a conveying system, a cooling system, a reaction system and a control system.
2. The continuous reaction device for high exothermic chemical reactions according to claim 1, wherein the batching system comprises a batching tank, a batching pump, an automatic control valve, a sensor and a weighing module, the batching pump, the sensor and the weighing module, the automatic control valve and the control system are connected, the control system feeds back to the PLC in real time according to signals of the weighing module, and the PLC feeds back to the servo motor in real time to realize precise control.
3. The continuous reaction unit for high exothermic chemical reactions according to claim 2, wherein the automatic control valve and the batching tank are connected by flanges or threads with a hose therebetween, and the automatic control valve can be a pneumatic valve or an electromagnetic valve or an electric valve;
batching jar can set up stirring or circulating pump, the last level sensor that is equipped with of batching jar, level sensor includes tuning fork, radar, microwave, infrared, mechanical type, the batching jar is two a set of, can alternate between the same batching jar of a set of use.
4. The continuous reaction apparatus for high exothermic chemical reactions according to claim 1, wherein the delivery system comprises a delivery pump, a control valve, and a sensor, wherein the delivery pump can be a plunger pump or a gear pump or a diaphragm pump or a turbo pump or a centrifugal pump or a screw pump;
the flow of the delivery pump is set to be 0.001 kg/min to 5000 kg/min, the delivery pump is driven by a servo motor or a stepping motor, and the outlet of the delivery pump is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.
5. The continuous reaction device for high-heat-release chemical reaction, according to claim 1, characterized in that the control system adopts a PLC screen or a computer terminal, and is provided with ports for connecting with DCS and SIS systems, and is provided with an audible and visual alarm device;
the control system device can preset control parameters of the control system device in a manual input or data simulation mode.
6. The continuous reaction device for high exothermic chemical reactions according to claim 1, wherein the reaction system comprises a continuous reaction device, the continuous reaction device can be a microchannel reactor or a tubular reactor or a fixed bed reactor or a tower reactor or a fluidized bed reactor, the continuous reaction device is connected with a separation device, and the separation device can be a crystallizer or a solid-liquid separator or a pipeline type extraction separation device or a gas-liquid separator or a dryer.
7. The continuous reaction device for high exothermic chemical reactions according to claim 6, wherein the microchannel reactor comprises a plurality of stacked plates connected by welding or riveting, one or more sampling ports are provided in the middle, one surface of each plate is a reaction channel, the other surface of each plate is a cooling fluid channel, and a metal sheet for improving heat exchange efficiency is provided in the middle;
the reaction system is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a gas purging system and a rupture disk.
8. The continuous reaction device for high exothermic chemical reactions according to claim 6, wherein the fixed bed reactor comprises a stationary phase catalyst, a reaction vessel, a jacket, a gas recovery device, and is divided into a preheating section, a reaction section, and a recovery section, and one or more sampling ports are provided in the middle;
the reaction system is also provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, an emptying valve and a rupture disk.
9. The continuous reaction device for high exothermic chemical reactions according to claim 6, wherein the tubular reactor is connected by welding or riveting using pipes and is divided into a pre-mixing section, a reaction section and a cooling section;
the pipeline is internally provided with a mixer, the middle of the pipeline is provided with one or more sampling ports, and immersion type or jacketed type cooling is adopted.
10. The continuous reaction unit for high exothermic chemical reactions according to claim 1, wherein the cooling system can be immersed, or can be in the form of jacket or tube, and the coolant can be water or alcohol solution or thermal oil or paraffin oil;
the cooling system is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.
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| CN202011461168.4A CN112657445A (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | Continuous reaction device for high-heat-release chemical reaction |
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| CN202011461168.4A CN112657445A (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | Continuous reaction device for high-heat-release chemical reaction |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113563146A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-10-29 | 苏州大学 | Catalytic oxidation device and method |
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2020
- 2020-12-11 CN CN202011461168.4A patent/CN112657445A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113563146A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-10-29 | 苏州大学 | Catalytic oxidation device and method |
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