CN112653271A - Forced air cooling device of high-power-density permanent magnet motor - Google Patents

Forced air cooling device of high-power-density permanent magnet motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112653271A
CN112653271A CN202011442081.2A CN202011442081A CN112653271A CN 112653271 A CN112653271 A CN 112653271A CN 202011442081 A CN202011442081 A CN 202011442081A CN 112653271 A CN112653271 A CN 112653271A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
module
stator
rotor
permanent magnet
motor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202011442081.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杜林奎
黄建
宋志翌
李浩男
徐方洁
王浩明
王京伟
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Beijing Automation Control Equipment Institute BACEI
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Beijing Automation Control Equipment Institute BACEI
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing Automation Control Equipment Institute BACEI filed Critical Beijing Automation Control Equipment Institute BACEI
Priority to CN202011442081.2A priority Critical patent/CN112653271A/en
Publication of CN112653271A publication Critical patent/CN112653271A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/32Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a forced air cooling device of a high-power-density permanent magnet motor, which comprises: the rotor module comprises a rotor core formed by overlapping a plurality of rotor core punching sheets; the yoke part of each rotor core punching sheet is sequentially provided with a plurality of ventilation holes at intervals of a first preset angle along the circumferential direction, and the ventilation holes on the rotor core punching sheets sequentially and uniformly rotate a second preset angle along the axial direction to form a heat dissipation air duct in the process that the rotor core advances from the rear end face to the front end face of the rotor along the axial direction; the stator module is fixed on the outer side of the rotor module and comprises a stator core formed by stacking a plurality of stator core punching sheets, and a plurality of semicircular grooves are formed in the outer circle of the stator core along the circumferential direction; the motor cover body module is internally provided with a hollow cavity, the rotor module and the stator module are arranged in the cavity, semicircular grooves with the same size are formed in the relative positions of the motor cover body module and the semicircular grooves in the stator module, and the semicircular grooves in the stator module form a backflow air duct.

Description

Forced air cooling device of high-power-density permanent magnet motor
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aerospace aircrafts, and relates to a forced air cooling device of a high-power-density permanent magnet motor.
Background
In order to improve the overall performance of an aerospace aircraft, the internal equipment of the aircraft has higher and higher requirements for miniaturization and light weight, a servo mechanism serving as an attitude adjustment core device of the aircraft is also developed towards miniaturization and light weight, a servo motor serves as a core component for electromechanical energy conversion of the servo mechanism, the improvement of the power density of the servo motor is of great significance for realizing the overall miniaturization design of the servo mechanism, the problem of motor heating caused by high power density restricts the further improvement of the power density of the servo motor, and therefore how to effectively improve the thermal problem of the high power density motor is of great importance for improving the power density of the servo motor and the reliability of long-term operation. The electric servo mechanism does not usually have an oil cooling condition, and is arranged in the machine body, effective external air cooling cannot be realized, the heat dissipation efficiency needs to be improved through the cooling scheme design of the motor, the temperature rise of the motor is reduced, and therefore long-term reliable and stable operation is realized. Therefore, how to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the servo motor in a closed environment becomes a key technology for the small and light development of the servo mechanism for the aerospace aircraft.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forced air cooling device of a high-power-density permanent magnet motor, which forms a circulating cooling air path inside the motor by designing an air cooling channel for a stator and rotor core, a shell end cover and the like of the motor, and effectively transfers heat inside the stator and rotor of the motor to the shell and the end cover through an air path for heat dissipation, thereby reducing the temperature rise of the stator and rotor of the motor and improving the long-term stable operation reliability.
In order to achieve the above object, the forced air cooling device for a high power density permanent magnet motor provided by the present invention specifically comprises: the motor comprises a motor cover body module, a rotating shaft, a stator module and a rotor module; the rotor module comprises a rotor core formed by overlapping a plurality of rotor core punching sheets; the air holes on the rotor core stamped sheets sequentially and uniformly rotate for a second preset angle along the axial direction in the process that the rotor core advances from the rear end face to the front end face of the rotor along the axial direction to form a heat dissipation air duct; the stator module is fixed on the outer side of the rotor module and comprises a stator core formed by overlapping a plurality of stator core punching sheets, and a plurality of semicircular grooves are formed in the outer circle of the stator core along the circumferential direction; the motor cover body module is internally provided with a hollow cavity, the rotor module is fixed in the hollow cavity through the rotating shaft, and the stator module is fixedly arranged on the outer circle side of the rotor module and is positioned in the hollow cavity; the motor cover module and the stator module are provided with semicircular grooves with the same size at opposite positions of the semicircular grooves, and the motor cover module and the semicircular grooves of the stator module form a backflow air duct; and an air circulation air path in the motor cover module is formed by the heat dissipation air duct and the return air duct.
In the forced air cooling device for the high-power-density permanent magnet motor, preferably, the second preset angle is a quotient of a preset angle threshold and the number of rotor core laminations included in the rotor core.
In the forced air cooling device of the high-power-density permanent magnet motor, preferably, the preset angle threshold is 60 degrees; the first preset angle is 120 degrees.
In the forced air cooling device for the high-power-density permanent magnet motor, preferably, the number of the semicircular grooves on the stator module and the motor cover module is an integral multiple of the number of the vent holes.
In the forced air cooling device of the high-power-density permanent magnet motor, preferably, the stator core stamped sheet comprises a stator yoke part and a stator tooth part; the stator yoke is connected with the motor cover body module, and a semicircular groove on the stator core is arranged on the stator yoke and combined with the semicircular groove of the motor cover body module to form a backflow air duct; the stator tooth is arranged on the inner diameter of the stator yoke.
In the forced air cooling device for a high power density permanent magnet motor, preferably, the semicircular groove on the stator module is provided on an outer edge of the stator yoke where the stator tooth part and the stator yoke meet.
In the forced air cooling device for the high-power-density permanent magnet motor, preferably, the motor cover module comprises a front end cover body, a middle cover plate and a rear end cover body; the front end cover body, the middle cover plate and the rear end cover body are combined to form a shell structure with a hollow interior; the front end cover body and the rear end cover body are of arc structures and used for guiding air pumped from the rear end cavity to the front end of the rotor module to the return air duct constructed by the stator module and the motor cover body module through the heat dissipation air duct.
In the forced air cooling device for the high-power-density permanent magnet motor, preferably, a rotor rotating shaft hole is formed in the central region of the rotor core stamped sheet, and the rotor core is sleeved in a preset region on the rotating shaft through the rotor rotating shaft hole; and a rotor permanent magnet mounting groove is formed in the opposite side of the rotor core and the stator module and used for mounting a rotor permanent magnet.
In the forced air cooling device of the high-power-density permanent magnet motor, preferably, the device further comprises a motor position sensor, and the motor position sensor is arranged on the rotating shaft and used for detecting the rotating angle of the rotor module.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the temperature rise problem of long-term work under the closed environment of the high-power-density permanent magnet motor can be effectively improved, and the thermal problem of the high-power-density permanent magnet motor for the aerospace aircraft is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a forced air cooling device of a high power density permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 1B is a schematic view of an application structure of a forced air cooling device of a high power density permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 3A to 3F are schematic views illustrating axial rotation of louvers according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator module and a motor cover module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor cover module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention. It is to be understood that the drawings are provided solely for the purposes of reference and illustration and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention. The connection relationships shown in the drawings are for clarity of description only and do not limit the manner of connection.
Referring to fig. 1A, the forced air cooling apparatus for a high power density permanent magnet motor provided in the present invention specifically includes: the motor comprises a motor cover body module, a rotating shaft, a stator module and a rotor module; the rotor module comprises a rotor core formed by overlapping a plurality of rotor core punching sheets; the air holes on the rotor core stamped sheets sequentially and uniformly rotate for a second preset angle along the axial direction in the process that the rotor core advances from the rear end face to the front end face of the rotor along the axial direction to form a heat dissipation air duct; the stator module is fixed on the outer side of the rotor module and comprises a stator core formed by overlapping a plurality of stator core punching sheets, and a plurality of semicircular grooves are formed in the outer circle of the stator core along the circumferential direction; the motor cover body module is internally provided with a hollow cavity, the rotor module is fixed in the hollow cavity through the rotating shaft, and the stator module is fixedly arranged on the outer circle side of the rotor module and is positioned in the hollow cavity; the motor cover module and the stator module are provided with semicircular grooves with the same size at opposite positions of the semicircular grooves, and the motor cover module and the semicircular grooves of the stator module form a backflow air duct; and an air circulation air path in the motor cover module is formed by the heat dissipation air duct and the return air duct.
The second preset angle is a quotient of a preset angle threshold value and the number of the rotor core laminations included in the rotor core, that is, when the preset angle threshold value is a constant set value, the higher the number of the rotor core laminations, the smaller the corresponding second preset angle, and on the contrary, when the number of the rotor core laminations is smaller, the larger the second preset angle, and certainly, in actual work, when the number of the rotor core laminations is smaller, the adjusted second preset angle also needs to be set according to actual conditions so as to ensure the circulation of the heat dissipation air duct; further, the preset angle threshold may be 60 degrees; the first preset angle may be 120 degrees.
In the above embodiment, a rotor rotating shaft hole is formed in a central region of the rotor core stamped sheet, and the rotor core is sleeved in a preset region of the rotating shaft through the rotor rotating shaft hole; and a rotor permanent magnet mounting groove is formed in the opposite side of the rotor core and the stator module and used for mounting a rotor permanent magnet. Specifically, referring to fig. 2, in actual operation, three ventilation holes 23 are sequentially formed in a yoke portion of a rotor core of a motor at intervals of 120 ° in the circumferential direction, and in the process of advancing from the rear end surface to the front end surface of the rotor core along the axial direction, the three ventilation holes 23 on each rotor core sheet 21 sequentially and uniformly rotate by a certain angle in the axial direction, and when reaching the front end surface, the circumferential positions of the three ventilation holes 23 on the core all rotate by 60 ° compared with the rear end surface, so that three spiral heat dissipation air ducts are formed inside the rotor core of the motor, and when the motor rotates at a high speed, the spiral heat dissipation air ducts draw air in a cavity at the rear end of the motor to the front end at a high speed, so that the air speed in the air ducts is greatly increased through a spiral; each rotor core punching sheet 21 is sleeved on the rotating shaft through a rotating shaft hole 22 in the center, and in order to reduce the influence of a heat dissipation air duct of the rotor core 21 on a rotor magnetic circuit, a vent hole 23 is arranged right below a permanent magnet 24. The heat dissipation structure of the rotor core 21 is shown in fig. 2, and for describing the change of the rotation angle of the heat dissipation holes of the core sheet 21 along the circumferential direction along with the length of the core, the final rotation of 60 ° (the heat dissipation holes rotate 10 ° piece by piece) of 6 sheets is taken as an example for explanation, and specific modes are shown in fig. 3A to fig. 3F. The actual rotation angle of the heat dissipation holes of the single punching sheet is determined according to the number of the iron core laminated punching sheets, and if the number of the punching sheets is N, the rotation angle is 60/N degrees.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the semicircular grooves on the stator module and the motor cover module is an integral multiple of the number of the ventilation holes. The stator core punching sheet comprises a stator yoke part and a stator tooth part; the stator yoke is connected with the motor cover body module, and a semicircular groove on the stator core is arranged on the stator yoke and combined with the semicircular groove of the motor cover body module to form a backflow air duct; the stator tooth is arranged on the inner diameter of the stator yoke part; furthermore, the semi-circular groove on the stator module is arranged on the outer edge of the stator yoke at the joint of the stator tooth part and the stator yoke.
Referring to fig. 4, in actual operation, in order to form a circulation air path for air in the front and rear cavities of the motor, return air ducts are required to be designed at the stator and the housing of the motor, and the number of the return air ducts is an integral multiple of the number of the rotor heat dissipation air ducts. The specific design method is that 6 or 9 semicircular grooves are formed in the outer circle 41 of the stator core along the circumferential direction, the semicircular grooves with the same size are formed in the corresponding positions of the inner circle of the shell 42, and the two semicircular grooves jointly form a circular heat dissipation air duct 44. In order to reduce the influence of the heat dissipation channel on the stator magnetic circuit, the slotting position of the outer circle of the stator core should be selected at the position corresponding to the stator tooth part 43.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the motor cover module includes a front cover, a middle cover, and a rear cover; the front end cover body, the middle cover plate and the rear end cover body are combined to form a shell structure with a hollow interior; the front end cover body and the rear end cover body are of arc structures and used for guiding air pumped from the rear end cavity to the front end of the rotor module to the return air duct constructed by the stator module and the motor cover body module through the heat dissipation air duct. Specifically, referring to fig. 5, in actual operation, when cooling air comes out from the heat dissipation holes of the rotor, the cooling air collides with the end cover of the motor, so as to reduce the flow rate loss caused by the collision of the cooling air on the end cover and enable the cooling air to flow more smoothly into the stator return air duct to form the circulation air duct, the interior of the end cover of the motor should be designed into an arc shape, and because the rotation directions of the motor are different, the flow directions of the cooling air are different, and therefore the interior of the front end cover and the interior of the rear end cover are both designed.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes a motor position sensor disposed on the rotating shaft for detecting a rotation angle of the rotor module. In order to more clearly understand the overall structure of the forced air cooling device of the high power density permanent magnet motor provided by the present invention, please refer to fig. 1B, wherein the overall assembly structure provided by the present invention integrally includes a motor front end cover 1, a motor casing 2, stator and casing heat dissipation holes 3, a stator core 4, a rotor permanent magnet 5, rotor heat dissipation holes 6, a rotor core 7, a cooling air path 8 in a motor cavity, a motor rear end cover 9, a motor position sensor 10 and a motor shaft 11, and the connection relationship and the installation position thereof can be as shown in fig. 1B; of course, in actual work, relevant workers in the field can make corresponding adjustments according to actual needs, and the present invention does not limit this further.
By adopting the forced air cooling structure of the permanent magnet motor, the problem of temperature rise of the high-power-density permanent magnet motor during long-term operation in a closed environment can be effectively solved, and the thermal problem of the high-power-density permanent magnet motor for aerospace aircrafts is solved.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The invention is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and any other various forms of products can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in shape or structure thereof, which fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims, fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A forced air cooling device for a high power density permanent magnet motor, the forced air cooling device comprising: the motor comprises a motor cover body module, a rotating shaft, a stator module and a rotor module;
the rotor module comprises a rotor core formed by overlapping a plurality of rotor core punching sheets;
the air holes on the rotor core stamped sheets sequentially and uniformly rotate for a second preset angle along the axial direction in the process that the rotor core advances from the rear end face to the front end face of the rotor along the axial direction to form a heat dissipation air duct;
the stator module is fixed on the outer side of the rotor module and comprises a stator core formed by overlapping a plurality of stator core punching sheets, and a plurality of semicircular grooves are formed in the outer circle of the stator core along the circumferential direction;
the motor cover body module is internally provided with a hollow cavity, the rotor module is fixed in the hollow cavity through the rotating shaft, and the stator module is fixedly arranged on the outer circle side of the rotor module and is positioned in the hollow cavity;
the motor cover module and the stator module are provided with semicircular grooves with the same size at opposite positions of the semicircular grooves, and the motor cover module and the semicircular grooves of the stator module form a backflow air duct;
and an air circulation air path in the motor cover module is formed by the heat dissipation air duct and the return air duct.
2. The forced air cooling device of the high power density permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the second preset angle is a quotient of a preset angle threshold and the number of the rotor core laminations included in the rotor core.
3. The forced air cooling device of a high power density permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, wherein the preset angle threshold is 60 degrees; the first preset angle is 120 degrees.
4. The forced air cooling device of the high-power-density permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the number of the semicircular grooves on the stator module and the motor cover module is an integral multiple of the number of the ventilation holes.
5. The forced air cooling device of the high-power-density permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator core punching sheet comprises a stator yoke part and a stator tooth part;
the stator yoke is connected with the motor cover body module, and a semicircular groove on the stator core is arranged on the stator yoke and combined with the semicircular groove of the motor cover body module to form a backflow air duct;
the stator tooth portion is disposed on the inner diameter of the stator yoke portion.
6. The forced air cooling device of the high-power-density permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the semi-circular slots on the stator module are arranged on the outer edge of the stator yoke where the stator teeth meet the stator yoke.
7. The forced air cooling device of the high power density permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the motor cover module comprises a front cover, a middle cover plate and a rear cover;
the front end cover body, the middle cover plate and the rear end cover body are combined to form a shell structure with a hollow interior;
the front end cover body and the rear end cover body are of arc structures and used for guiding air pumped from the rear end cavity to the front end of the rotor module to the return air duct constructed by the stator module and the motor cover body module through the heat dissipation air duct.
8. The forced air cooling device of the high-power-density permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein a rotor rotating shaft hole is formed in a central region of the rotor core punching sheet, and the rotor core is sleeved on a preset region of the rotating shaft through the rotor rotating shaft hole; and a rotor permanent magnet mounting groove is formed in the opposite side of the rotor core and the stator module and used for mounting a rotor permanent magnet.
9. The forced air cooling device of a high power density permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, further comprising a motor position sensor disposed on the rotating shaft for detecting the rotation angle of the rotor module.
CN202011442081.2A 2020-12-11 2020-12-11 Forced air cooling device of high-power-density permanent magnet motor Pending CN112653271A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011442081.2A CN112653271A (en) 2020-12-11 2020-12-11 Forced air cooling device of high-power-density permanent magnet motor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011442081.2A CN112653271A (en) 2020-12-11 2020-12-11 Forced air cooling device of high-power-density permanent magnet motor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112653271A true CN112653271A (en) 2021-04-13

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CN202011442081.2A Pending CN112653271A (en) 2020-12-11 2020-12-11 Forced air cooling device of high-power-density permanent magnet motor

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102664471A (en) * 2012-05-05 2012-09-12 福建福兴电机有限公司 Self-balanced type motor rotor
CN102769356A (en) * 2011-05-05 2012-11-07 株洲南车时代电气股份有限公司 Permanent magnet synchronous traction motor with air cooling structure and air cooling method of permanent magnet synchronous traction motor
CN202586558U (en) * 2012-05-05 2012-12-05 福建福兴电机有限公司 Inner rotation ring air-cooling motor rotor structure
CN202713008U (en) * 2012-05-14 2013-01-30 远东电机(宁德)有限公司 Internal circulation air cooling motor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102769356A (en) * 2011-05-05 2012-11-07 株洲南车时代电气股份有限公司 Permanent magnet synchronous traction motor with air cooling structure and air cooling method of permanent magnet synchronous traction motor
CN102664471A (en) * 2012-05-05 2012-09-12 福建福兴电机有限公司 Self-balanced type motor rotor
CN202586558U (en) * 2012-05-05 2012-12-05 福建福兴电机有限公司 Inner rotation ring air-cooling motor rotor structure
CN202713008U (en) * 2012-05-14 2013-01-30 远东电机(宁德)有限公司 Internal circulation air cooling motor

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Application publication date: 20210413

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