CN112652808A - Lithium ion battery cell and lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery cell and lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN112652808A CN112652808A CN202110032564.3A CN202110032564A CN112652808A CN 112652808 A CN112652808 A CN 112652808A CN 202110032564 A CN202110032564 A CN 202110032564A CN 112652808 A CN112652808 A CN 112652808A
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- ion battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention provides a lithium ion battery cell and a lithium ion battery, which comprise two supporting flame-retardant components arranged oppositely, a plurality of pole piece groups arranged between the two supporting components and a porous high-viscosity component arranged between the two adjacent pole piece groups. The lithium ion battery cell can solve the problem of cell dislocation from the interior of the cell in an in-situ manner, the existing tool is not changed, the supporting flame-retardant component has high supporting property, heat insulation property and high strength property and also has high flame-retardant property, and the material used by the cell also has the advantages of small volume and low density and meets the requirements of energy type cell materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of lithium ion battery manufacturing, and particularly relates to a lithium ion battery cell and a lithium ion battery.
Background
Market demand for lithium ion battery power depends on vehicle performance requirements. In the whole development process of new energy automobiles, the endurance mileage of the automobiles is expected to be higher, and more electric quantity can be contained in the same volume, and several solutions are provided for achieving the purpose: one solution is to increase the cell energy density, which we can go from NCM111 to NCM523 to NCM622 to NCM 811; the other scheme is realized by the innovation of the structure of the battery cell and the pack, such as CTP, a blade battery and an LCM long battery cell. However, increasing the cell length (length greater than 400mm, 590mm which is currently more popular) can cause a series of problems in cell design. Such as the lamination misalignment problem of long cells. In the prior art, the laminated electric core assembly is fixed by an adhesive tape all around and then placed in a punched aluminum-plastic film by a conventional method. Then, because the length of the battery core is longer, the battery core is easy to be dislocated in the process of transferring into the pit, the requirement on the production process is too severe, and the yield of products is reduced. In addition, the battery core after being manufactured has the defects of difficult transfer due to the large mass and soft texture, and in the transfer process, the continuous friction between the pole piece and the core bag easily causes the dislocation of the internal positive and negative pole pieces, poor cladding and finally the risk of thermal runaway.
In the prior art, the soft-packaged long battery cell is directly laminated, the dislocation problem during lamination is strictly controlled, the detection force is increased, and the unqualified product is screened out by fully detecting X-Ray in the battery cell after lamination.
The invention patent with publication number CN211480207U provides a device for fixing a long battery cell externally, wherein a protection frame is arranged around the outside of the battery cell, the protection frame is sequentially connected end to end by side plates and end plates, and the technology solves the problems of battery cell transfer and module group shell entering after the battery cell is manufactured. The problems of fragility, transfer and dislocation of the long pole piece in the production process are not solved.
The invention patent with publication number CN111564593A provides a diaphragm, two ends of which are coated with bonding layers, the width of the bonding layers is only bonded with the edge of a negative plate, and the problem of the dislocation of the negative plates can be solved to a certain extent. However, the problem of misalignment between the positive plate and the diaphragm is not solved, and the positive plate may slide to cause poor coating of the negative electrode on the positive electrode, so that lithium precipitation at the edge is caused.
The problems to be solved urgently in the prior art are as follows:
(1) the problems that the battery core is soft and the pole piece is fragile and easy to break are not fundamentally solved;
(2) the pole piece assembly still has the risk of dislocation before the welding.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a lithium ion battery cell and a lithium ion battery, so as to overcome the problems of dislocation of cell pole pieces and soft long cell quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a lithium ion battery cell comprises two supporting flame-retardant components which are arranged oppositely, a plurality of pole piece groups arranged between the two supporting components and a porous high-viscosity component arranged between the two adjacent pole piece groups.
Preferably, the surface of the supporting flame-retardant component is provided with a flame-retardant layer, and the supporting flame-retardant component comprises a supporting flame-retardant side plate and a supporting flame-retardant end plate vertically and fixedly connected with the supporting flame-retardant side plate.
Preferably, the pole piece group includes a plurality of positive plates and negative plates that set up at interval in proper order, is equipped with the diaphragm between adjacent positive plate and the negative plate, it is parallel with positive plate and negative plate to support fire-retardant curb plate.
Preferably, the length and width of the supporting flame-retardant side plate are equal to and greater than the length and width of the separator, and the length of the supporting flame-retardant end plate is 1/3-1/2 of the width of the positive plate.
Preferably, the number of the positive plates or the negative plates in the same plate group is 1-50, and preferably, the number of the positive plates or the negative plates in the same plate group is 8-12.
Preferably, a diaphragm is arranged between the porous high-viscosity assembly and the pole piece group, the porous high-viscosity assembly comprises a porous base body uniformly provided with a plurality of through holes and an adhesive layer arranged on the porous base body, and the length and the width of the porous high-viscosity assembly are equal to those of the negative pole piece.
Preferably, the aperture of each through hole is 0.1mm-0.5mm, and the distance between every two adjacent through holes is 1mm-3 mm.
Preferably, the material of the flame-retardant layer is one or a mixture of more of a phosphorus flame retardant, an organic high flame-retardant material and an inorganic high flame-retardant material, and preferably, the material of the flame-retardant layer is one or a mixture of more of zinc borate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide, tris (2, 2, 2-trifluoroethyl) phosphite and triphenyl phosphate.
Preferably, the material of the bonding layer is one or a combination of a plurality of polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, styrene-butadiene rubber, epoxy resin, amino resin, polyamide, polyethyleneimine, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer and polyvinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and preferably, the material of the bonding layer is one or a mixture of two of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and sodium alginate.
A lithium ion battery comprising a lithium ion battery cell as defined in any of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the lithium ion battery cell and the lithium ion battery have the following advantages:
(1) the lithium ion battery cell can solve the problem of cell dislocation from the inside of the cell in an 'in-situ' manner, and the existing tool is not changed;
(2) the supporting flame-retardant component has high supporting performance, heat insulation performance, high strength performance and high flame-retardant performance;
(3) the material used by the lithium ion battery cell provided by the invention also has the advantages of small volume and low density, and meets the requirements of energy type cell materials.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium ion battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a supporting flame-retardant assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a porous and highly viscous component according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. supporting a flame retardant assembly; 2. a pole piece group; 3. a porous, highly viscous component;
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Example 1
The porous high-viscosity component 3 is provided, epoxy resin is selected as a base material, and the porous separator with the same size as the negative plate is prepared by heating, curing and forming, wherein the aperture is 0.2mm, and the hole spacing is 2 mm. The thickness is 0.1mm, after solidification and molding, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the polyvinylidene fluoride copolymer are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: and 9, adding deionized water, stirring and dispersing uniformly in a stirrer, filtering by using a 150-mesh screen to obtain required slurry, coating the slurry on two end faces of the base material through gravure coating, and drying to form an adhesive layer, wherein the thickness of the coating is 10 mu m. And then cutting the blank into proper sizes for standby.
Providing a supporting flame-retardant component 1, wherein the base material is epoxy resin, the base material is prepared into a partition board component with the same size as a diaphragm through heating, curing and forming, the thickness of the partition board component is 0.1mm, and the flame retardant antimony trioxide and the binder sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are mixed according to the ratio of 95: 5, adding deionized water for dispersion, filtering by using a 150-mesh screen to obtain required slurry, coating the slurry on two end faces of the base material through gravure coating, and drying to form a flame-retardant material layer, wherein the thickness of the coating is 10 mu m. And then cutting the blank into proper sizes for standby.
Provided is a power lithium battery, which is prepared by the following steps: with above-mentioned structure subassembly according to following mode and pole piece group 3 (including a plurality of positive plate and the negative pole piece that set up in proper order at an interval), electric core is assembled into to the diaphragm: firstly, the supporting flame-retardant component 1 is placed at the bottom, then the diaphragm, the negative pole piece, the positive pole piece and the porous high-viscosity component 3 are assembled together in a lamination mode, and the diaphragm is in a zigzag structure. The porous high-viscosity component 3 is uniformly placed in the core bag, 10 pieces of the porous high-viscosity component are placed one by one, after the porous high-viscosity component 3 is stacked, a unit formed by the support flame-retardant component 1/the diaphragm/the negative plate/the diaphragm/the positive plate/the porous high-viscosity component 3/the diaphragm/the positive plate/the diaphragm/the negative plate is primarily fixed by an adhesive tape, then the support flame-retardant component 1 is placed on the primary unit, and the support flame-retardant component is further fixed by the adhesive tape. Pasting the position of the adhesive tape: 2 on each top and bottom and 4 on each left and right side. After lamination, packaging, injecting liquid, baking and forming the battery core; the length, width and thickness of the battery cell are respectively as follows: 590mm, 60mm, 25 mm.
Example 2
Provided is a power lithium battery, which is prepared by the following steps:
the difference from the embodiment 1 is that a piece of porous high-viscosity component 3 is placed in every 2 negative electrodes in the core bag, and the rest is unchanged;
example 3
Provided is a power lithium battery, which is prepared by the following steps:
the difference from the embodiment 1 is that the porous high-viscosity component 3 is not arranged in the middle of the core bag, and the rest is unchanged;
example 4
Provided is a power lithium battery, which is prepared by the following steps:
the difference from the embodiment 1 is that the supporting flame-retardant components 1 are not arranged on the two sides of the core bag, and the rest parts are not changed;
comparative example 1
Provided is a power lithium battery, which is prepared by the following steps: similar to example 1 above, except that the core pack does not contain any of the structural components described above.
The performance of the lithium ion batteries provided in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 was examined:
1. counting the battery assembly yield: and counting the process of the lithium ion battery, counting the number of finished products of 100 assembled batteries by taking the requirement of the delivered products as a standard, and calculating to obtain the finished product ratio.
2. And (3) testing the cycle performance of the battery: carrying out cycle test on the prepared lithium ion battery at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the charge-discharge rate of 1C/1C, and calculating the number of cycles when the residual capacity is 80% SOH;
3. the method is used for testing the vibration reliability of the lithium battery pack of the power battery according to the ISO12405-1:2011 standard, and mainly simulates random or regular vibration caused by various factors in the using process of the power battery, so that the service performance and the safety of the power battery are reduced.
4. According to the national standard GBT 31485-. Keeping the temperature for 30min, and stopping heating; and then observing for 1h to observe whether the electric core can explode or catch fire.
5. And counting the DCR of the prepared battery core.
The test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 cell Performance test results
From the experimental results of the above battery cell, the larger external dimension, especially the longer length, of the battery is a great challenge to the manufacturing process and long-term use reliability and safety of the lithium battery. Comparative example 1 in the cycle and vibration test, the short circuit and micro short circuit phenomena caused by the relative motion of the positive and negative pole pieces may occur, which causes the deterioration of long-term cycle and lower anti-vibration performance. In addition, because the support and the fixation are not carried out in the manufacturing process, the internal pole piece tearing risk is increased, the core package X-Ray detection pass rate is reduced, and the product percent of pass is influenced in the manufacturing process of the battery core; embodiment 1, two kinds of structure components of support fire-retardant subassembly 1 and porous high viscidity subassembly 3 have been added in electric core, so fixed to long electric core, support, limiting displacement, consequently the short circuit or the little short circuit phenomenon that produces because of positive and negative pole piece takes place relative motion is difficult for appearing, and the DCR test shows, it can be neglected to add the internal resistance influence of this structure component to electric core almost, consequently its long-term cycle performance promotes to some extent, and because support fire-retardant subassembly 1 has fire-retardant characteristic, when taking place because the internal short circuit that diaphragm shrink caused, fire-retardant in time, avoid thermal runaway. In example 2, after the multi-layer porous high-viscosity component 3 is added, although the fixing and supporting effects are good, the internal resistance of the cell is increased and the long-term cycle performance is reduced due to excessive addition. In embodiment 3, the supporting flame-retardant assemblies 1 are only added on two sides, so that the risk of dislocation of the pole pieces close to the supporting pieces on the two sides is reduced, but the constraint force on the intermediate layer is insufficient, so that the risk of dislocation still exists in the positive and negative pole lugs of the intermediate layer of the battery cell, and the performance improvement effect is limited; embodiment 4, filling a layer of porous high-viscosity component 3 in the middle layer of the battery cell, only ensuring the hardness of the battery cell, but the pole pieces on both sides are still in friction dislocation due to insufficient binding force because they are far away, and the risk of thermal runaway resistance is reduced because the flame retardant components 1 are not supported on both sides.
In conclusion, the pole piece can be well limited and supported by the structural assembly, so that the friction dislocation of the positive electrode and the negative electrode and the thermal runaway risk caused by the transportation and long-term cyclic vibration of the battery cell can be effectively reduced, and the problem of 'soft quality' of the battery cell due to long time can be solved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A lithium ion battery cell is characterized in that: the multi-pole-piece-group flame-retardant composite material comprises two supporting flame-retardant components which are oppositely arranged, a plurality of pole piece groups which are arranged between the two supporting components and a multi-hole high-viscosity component which is arranged between the two adjacent pole piece groups.
2. The lithium ion battery cell of claim 1, wherein: the surface of the supporting flame-retardant component is provided with a flame-retardant layer, and the supporting flame-retardant component comprises a supporting flame-retardant side plate and a supporting flame-retardant end plate vertically and fixedly connected with the supporting flame-retardant side plate.
3. The lithium ion battery cell of claim 2, wherein: the pole piece group includes a plurality of positive plates and negative plates that set up at interval in proper order, is equipped with the diaphragm between adjacent positive plate and the negative plate, it is parallel with positive plate and negative plate to support fire-retardant curb plate.
4. The lithium ion battery cell of claim 3, wherein: the length and the width of the supporting flame-retardant side plate are equal to those of the diaphragm and are larger than those of the negative plate, and the length of the supporting flame-retardant end plate is 1/3-1/2 of the width of the positive plate.
5. The lithium ion battery cell of claim 3, wherein: the number of the positive plates or the negative plates in the same plate group is 1-50, and preferably, the number of the positive plates or the negative plates in the same plate group is 8-12.
6. The lithium ion battery cell of claim 3, wherein: and a diaphragm is arranged between the porous high-viscosity assembly and the pole piece group, the porous high-viscosity assembly comprises a porous matrix uniformly provided with a plurality of through holes and an adhesive layer arranged on the porous matrix, and the length and the width of the porous high-viscosity assembly are equal to those of the negative pole piece.
7. The lithium ion battery cell of claim 6, wherein: the aperture of each through hole is 0.1mm-0.5mm, and the distance between every two adjacent through holes is 1mm-3 mm.
8. The lithium ion battery cell of claim 6, wherein: the flame-retardant layer is made of one or a mixture of more of a phosphorus flame retardant, an organic high-flame-retardant material and an inorganic high-flame-retardant material, and preferably, the flame-retardant layer is made of one or a mixture of more of zinc borate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide, tris (2, 2, 2-trifluoroethyl) phosphite and triphenyl phosphate.
9. The lithium ion battery cell of claim 6, wherein: the material of the bonding layer is one or a combination of a plurality of polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, styrene butadiene rubber, epoxy resin, amino resin, polyamide, polyethyleneimine, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer and polyvinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and preferably, the material of the bonding layer is one or a mixture of two of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and sodium alginate.
10. A lithium ion battery, characterized by: comprising a lithium-ion battery cell according to any of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN112652808B (en) | 2022-07-29 |
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