CN112650176A - DCS control method for hydrochloric acid analysis start-stop process - Google Patents
DCS control method for hydrochloric acid analysis start-stop process Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
- G05B19/41845—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by system universality, reconfigurability, modularity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
- C01B7/01—Chlorine; Hydrogen chloride
- C01B7/07—Purification ; Separation
- C01B7/0706—Purification ; Separation of hydrogen chloride
- C01B7/0712—Purification ; Separation of hydrogen chloride by distillation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/33—Director till display
- G05B2219/33273—DCS distributed, decentralised controlsystem, multiprocessor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Abstract
The invention discloses a DCS control method for a hydrochloric acid analysis start-stop process, wherein a concentrated acid pump return valve, a concentrated acid pump upper acid valve and a concentrated acid flow regulating valve are arranged on an outlet pipeline of a concentrated acid pump, a steam flow regulating valve is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of a reboiler, an analysis tower lower acid valve is arranged on an inlet pipeline of a dilute acid storage tank, a dilute acid pump outlet valve is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the dilute acid storage tank, a hydrogen chloride gas regulating valve is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of a mixed dehydration process, the hydrochloric acid analysis start-stop process uses the DCS control method, and a one-key start-stop button is arranged on a hydrochloric acid analysis DCS control system engineer station. Compared with the prior art, the method is simple and convenient to operate, high in automation degree, high in safety coefficient and good in stability, the automatic control of the starting operation of the hydrochloric acid analysis section is really realized, the labor intensity is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the stability of a production system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a DCS control method for a hydrochloric acid analysis start-stop process, in particular to a DCS control method for one-key start-stop during conventional hydrochloric acid analysis, and belongs to the technical field of chemical automation control.
Background
In the production process of polyvinyl chloride, hydrochloric acid which is a byproduct in a vinyl chloride synthesis section is generally treated by adopting a hydrochloric acid analysis technology. The existing hydrochloric acid resolving technology comprises conventional resolving and deep resolving, wherein the deep resolving is an extension of the conventional resolving technology. The conventional analysis technology utilizes steam to heat concentrated acid with the concentration of about 32 percent, and dilute hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 19-22 percent (the temperature is about 110 ℃) is obtained after hydrogen chloride gas is analyzed. In the prior art, dilute hydrochloric acid is cooled by a concentrated acid preheater and a dilute acid cooler (the temperature is lower than 20 ℃) and then enters a dilute acid tank, most of the dilute acid is supplied to a synthesis combined tower, an acid washing tower or sold for sale, and a small part of the dilute acid with the temperature lower than 20 ℃ is mixed with calcium chloride solution at about 100 ℃ and then is sent to deep analysis. The deep analysis technology utilizes steam to heat and analyze a mixed solution of dilute acid and calcium chloride to obtain hydrogen chloride gas and waste acid with the concentration of 1%, and the hydrogen chloride gas and the waste acid are recycled.
At present, the automation degree of the production process of the conventional analysis procedure in the industry is low, and the operation of the driving process is field manual operation and remote manual operation. The following problems mainly exist during manual start operation of a conventional hydrochloric acid analysis section:
1. the flow of the concentrated acid is adjusted manually, the start-stop operation of a concentrated acid pump is manual, if the adjustment is not timely, the concentration of the dilute acid in an analytical tower is unstable, the yield of the hydrogen chloride of an analytical product is unstable, and therefore, the mixture ratio of the mixed gas is unstable after the hydrogen chloride gas is sent to a mixing dehydration process, and the stable operation of the whole synthesis conversion system is influenced;
2. the temperature of the desorption tower is affected by the concentrated acid flow, the steam flow and the outlet temperature of the reboiler, but three operations all belong to manual operation, the operation is untimely due to objective reasons of different operators, the operation is not stable, the temperature of the desorption tower can be affected, the temperature of the desorption tower is unstable, the steam heat waste can be caused, the concentration of the dilute acid is unstable, the gas flow of a hydrogen chloride product is unstable, so that the hydrogen chloride gas is sent to the mixed dehydration process, the mixed gas ratio is unstable, and the stable operation of the whole synthesis conversion system is affected.
Therefore, the DCS control method for the hydrochloric acid analysis start-stop process is provided, the method is simple and convenient to operate, high in automation degree, high in safety coefficient and good in stability, the automatic control of the start-up operation of the hydrochloric acid analysis workshop section is really realized, the labor intensity is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the stability of a production system is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a DCS control method for a hydrochloric acid analysis start-stop process, which is simple and convenient to operate, high in automation degree, high in safety coefficient and good in stability, truly realizes automatic control of start-stop operation of a hydrochloric acid analysis working section, and not only reduces labor intensity, but also reduces production cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a DCS control method for a hydrochloric acid analysis start-stop process is characterized in that concentrated acid is sent out by a concentrated acid pump (3), is subjected to heat exchange and then is introduced from the upper part of an analysis tower (6), is subjected to countercurrent heat transfer and mass transfer with high-temperature steam from a reboiler (15) introduced from the lower part of the analysis tower (6) to obtain saturated water-containing hydrogen chloride gas and 19% -22% diluted acid, the saturated water-containing hydrogen chloride gas is condensed and deacidified from the top of the analysis tower (6) and then is sent to a mixed dehydration process (16), the 19% -22% diluted acid is subjected to heat exchange and cooling sequentially from the bottom of the analysis tower (6) and then enters a diluted acid storage tank (12), wherein a concentrated acid pump return valve (19), a concentrated acid pump upper acid valve (20) and a concentrated acid flow regulating valve (21) are arranged on an outlet pipeline of the concentrated acid pump (3), a steam flow regulating valve (25) is arranged on an inlet pipeline of the concentrated acid pump (15), a lower acid valve (22) of the analysis tower, a diluted acid pump outlet valve (23) is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the diluted acid storage tank (12), a hydrogen chloride gas regulating valve (24) is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the mixed dehydration process (16), a DCS control method is adopted in a hydrochloric acid analysis starting and stopping process, and a one-key starting and stopping button is arranged at an engineer station of a hydrochloric acid analysis DCS control system.
Furthermore, the steam flow affects the outlet temperature of the reboiler, the outlet temperature of the reboiler affects the top temperature of the desorption tower (6), and the top temperature of the desorption tower (6) affects the temperature of the hydrogen chloride product gas.
Further, the one-touch start program mainly includes the steps of:
(A1) opening hydrochloric acid analysis: pressing a one-key starting button, automatically detecting set parameters before starting by the DCS, entering the next step if the program is started normally, and otherwise, ending the starting program;
(A2) opening the valve position of the return valve (19) of the concentrated acid pump from 0% to 50%, and starting the concentrated acid pump (3);
(A3) opening an acid feeding valve (20) of the concentrated acid pump, automatically adjusting the sizes of a return valve (19) of the concentrated acid pump and the valve positions of the acid feeding valve (20) of the concentrated acid pump, switching a flow regulating valve (21) of the concentrated acid into an automatic state, and keeping the liquid level of the analysis tower (6) between 30cm and 50 cm;
(A4) when the liquid level of the desorption tower (6) is 50cm, opening the steam flow regulating valve (25) to 5 percent;
(A5) and (3) heating: the outlet temperature of the reboiler is less than or equal to 110 ℃, the opening degree of the large steam flow regulating valve (25) is continuously opened, the outlet temperature of the reboiler is increased, and the temperature rise time = (110 ℃ -current temperature)/temperature rise rate is increased;
(A6) the water discharge is automatically regulated by a steam condensate water conveying pump (11), and the liquid level of a steam condensate water tank (10) is kept at 30-50 cm;
(A7) the steam flow regulating valve (25) is in an automatic state, and the pressure of the tower kettle of the desorption tower (6) is kept between 0.3MPa and 0.35 MPa;
(A8) when the pressure at the top of the analysis tower (6) is more than or equal to 50KPa, the hydrogen chloride gas regulating valve (24) is automatically opened to start gas supply, otherwise, the gas supply is closed;
(A9) the state of the acid valve (22) below the analysis tower is automatic, the liquid level state of the analysis tower (6) is automatic, if the liquid level of the analysis tower (6) is more than or equal to 30cm, the acid valve (22) below the analysis tower is automatically opened, and if the liquid level of the analysis tower (6) is less than 30cm, the acid valve (22) below the analysis tower is automatically closed;
(A10) when the liquid level of the dilute acid storage tank (12) is more than or equal to 65cm, the outlet valve (23) of the dilute acid pump is fully opened;
(A11) the steam flow regulating valve (25) is in an automatic state, the concentrated acid flow regulating valve (21) is in an automatic state, the outlet temperature of the reboiler rises by 1 ℃, and the concentrated acid flow is increased by 1m3The temperature of the outlet of the reboiler is 120-122 ℃, and the flow rate of the concentrated acid is 18-22 m3/h；
(A12) And when the outlet temperature of the reboiler and the flow of the concentrated acid reach set values and the flow of the hydrogen chloride gas is more than 1300 Nm/h, the routine analysis and driving procedure of the hydrochloric acid is completed.
Further, the one-touch parking program mainly comprises the following steps:
(B1) closing the steam flow regulating valve (25);
(B2) controlling the liquid level of the desorption tower (6): closing an acid valve (20) on a small concentrated acid pump, and opening a reflux valve (19) of a large concentrated acid pump to keep the liquid level of the desorption tower (6) at 30-40 cm;
(B3) after the outlet temperature of the reboiler is less than or equal to 95 ℃, the concentrated acid pump (3) is closed, and the hydrogen chloride gas regulating valve (24) is closed;
(B4) when the concentrated acid pump (3) stops running, closing an acid valve (20) on the concentrated acid pump;
(B6) when the opening of an acid valve (20) on the concentrated acid pump is 0%, closing a reflux valve (19) of the concentrated acid pump;
(B7) when the liquid level of the dilute acid storage tank (12) is less than or equal to 40cm, the dilute acid pump (13) is closed;
(B8) completing the normal resolving and stopping procedure of the hydrochloric acid;
(B9) when the pressure at the top of the desorption tower (6) is less than or equal to 3KPa, the automatic nitrogen charging valve of the desorption tower is opened to keep the system pressure of the desorption tower (6) between 3KPa and 5KPa, so as to prevent the hydrogen chloride lining pipeline from removing the lining due to negative pressure.
Furthermore, before a key is pressed to start the vehicle, namely before a key is pressed to start the vehicle, the parameters are required to be set: the method mainly comprises the steps of selecting a concentrated acid pump (3), selecting a dilute acid pump (13), initially setting a valve position of a concentrated acid flow regulating valve (21), initially setting a concentrated acid flow and setting a temperature rise rate of a reboiler (15), wherein the initial valve position of the concentrated acid flow regulating valve (21) is set as follows: 50%, and the flow of the concentrated acid is initially set as follows: 8-10 m3H, the reboiler (15) temperature rise rate setting: 1 deg.C/min.
Further, before the key-on, a computer self-check is carried out: the liquid level of the concentrated acid tank is more than 0.3m, the concentrated acid tank is hit to a DCS remote control gear in the running state on site, and the concentrated acid pump is confirmed to be in the standby state.
Further, the hydrogen chloride gas is sequentially introduced into a hydrogen chloride primary cooler (7) and a hydrogen chloride secondary cooler (8) from the top of the desorption tower (6) for condensation deacidification, the generated condensed acid is recovered to a condensed acid collecting tank (9) from the bottoms of the hydrogen chloride primary cooler (7) and the hydrogen chloride secondary cooler (8), and the condensed acid in the condensed acid collecting tank (9) is sent back to a concentrated acid storage tank for recycling.
Further, the 19% -22% dilute acid is subjected to heat exchange and cooling sequentially through a double-effect heat exchanger (5) and a tower kettle cooler (4) from the bottom of the desorption tower (6).
Further, according to the liquid level of the dilute acid storage tank (12), the dilute acid is output by a dilute acid pump (13), cooled by a dilute acid cooler (14), and then 19% -22% of dilute acid is sent to a water-alkali washing system (17).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the control method can ensure that the flow of the concentrated acid, the liquid level of the desorption tower and the outlet temperature of the reboiler are timely and stably adjusted, and the imbalance of production stability caused by the imbalance of the parameters is avoided;
2. the invention has simple operation, high automation degree, high safety coefficient and good stability, truly realizes the automatic control of the start and stop of the conventional analysis workshop section, not only reduces the labor intensity, but also reduces the production cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Shown in the figure: the system comprises a concentrated acid storage tank A1, a concentrated acid storage tank B2, a concentrated acid pump 3, a tower kettle cooler 4, a double-effect heat exchanger 5, a desorption tower 6, a hydrogen chloride primary cooler 7, a hydrogen chloride secondary cooler 8, a condensed acid collection tank 9, a steam condensate water tank 10, a steam condensate water delivery pump 11, a dilute acid storage tank 12, a dilute acid pump 13, a dilute acid cooler 14, a reboiler 15, a mixed dehydration process 16, a water alkali washing system 17, a hydrochloric acid collection 18, a concentrated acid pump reflux valve 19, a concentrated acid pump upper acid valve 20, a concentrated acid flow regulating valve 21, a desorption tower lower acid valve 22, a dilute acid pump outlet valve 23, a hydrogen chloride gas regulating valve 24 and a steam flow regulating valve 25.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention,
a DCS control method for a hydrochloric acid analysis start-stop working procedure comprises the steps of sending out concentrated acid in a concentrated acid storage tank A1 and a concentrated acid storage tank B2 by a concentrated acid pump 3, exchanging heat by a double-effect heat exchanger 5, introducing the concentrated acid into a tower from the upper part of an analysis tower 6, conducting countercurrent heat and mass transfer with high-temperature steam from a reboiler 15 introduced from the lower part of the analysis tower 6 to obtain saturated hydrogen chloride gas and dilute acid with the concentration of 19-22%, introducing the saturated hydrogen chloride gas into a hydrogen chloride primary cooler 7 and a hydrogen chloride secondary cooler 8 from the top of the analysis tower 6 in sequence for condensation deacidification, sending the hydrogen chloride gas subjected to condensation deacidification by the coolers into a mixed dehydration working procedure 16, recovering the generated condensed acid to a condensed acid collecting tank 9 from the bottoms of the hydrogen chloride primary cooler 7 and the hydrogen chloride secondary cooler 8, and the condensed acid in the condensed acid collecting tank 9 is sent back to the concentrated acid storage tank for recycling, and the diluted acid with the concentration of 19-22% enters the diluted acid storage tank 12 after passing through the double-effect heat exchanger 5 and the tower bottom cooler 4 for heat exchange and cooling in turn from the bottom of the desorption tower 6, wherein a concentrated acid pump reflux valve FV 440019, a concentrated acid pump upper acid valve FV 440120 and a concentrated acid flow regulating valve FIC440121 are arranged on an outlet pipeline of the concentrated acid pump 3, a steam flow regulating valve FIC 440325 is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the reboiler 15, an acid valve LV 222 under the desorption tower is arranged on an inlet pipeline of the diluted acid storage tank 12, an outlet pipeline of the diluted acid storage tank 12, namely an outlet valve LIC 440723 of a diluted acid pump is arranged between the diluted acid pump 13 and the diluted acid cooler 14, a hydrogen chloride gas regulating valve 440224 is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the mixed, the steam flow is controlled by a steam flow regulating valve FIC 440325, the steam flow influences the reboiler outlet temperature TIT4404, the reboiler outlet temperature TIT4404 influences the tower top temperature of an analysis tower 6, the tower top temperature of the analysis tower 6 influences the temperature of a hydrogen chloride product gas, a DCS control method is adopted in the start-stop process of the conventional analysis of hydrochloric acid, a one-key start-stop program is arranged at an engineer station of the conventional analysis DCS control system of hydrochloric acid, an operator presses a key start-stop or stop start button to realize remote control, on-site operators and central operators are not required to communicate to switch and adjust valves and pumps, errors caused by objectivity of manual operation are avoided, and the stability and accuracy of the start-stop process and subsequent production systems are better.
Example 2: the present embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
the one-key driving program mainly comprises the following steps:
(A1) opening hydrochloric acid analysis: pressing a start button for starting the vehicle by an operator, automatically detecting set parameters before starting by the DCS, entering the next step if the program is started normally, and ending the starting program if the program is not started;
(A2) opening the valve position of a concentrated acid pump reflux valve FV 440019 from 0% to 50%, and FV4400.MV =50%, and starting a concentrated acid pump 3;
(A3) opening the acid feeding valve FV 440120 of the concentrated acid pump, automatically adjusting the valve position sizes of the return valve FV 440019 of the concentrated acid pump and the acid feeding valve FV 440120 of the concentrated acid pump, and automatically adjusting the states of the FIC440121 of the concentrated acid flow adjusting valve: fic4401.mode = AUT, maintaining the liquid level of the analytical column: LIT4402= 30-50 cm;
(A4) when the liquid level LIT4402 of the analytical tower is =50cm, opening a steam flow regulating valve FIC 440325: fic4403.mv = 5%;
(A5) and (3) heating: if the reboiler outlet temperature TIT4404 is not more than 110 ℃, continuously opening the opening degree of the large steam flow regulating valve FIC 440325, and increasing the reboiler outlet temperature TIT4404 for heating time = (110 ℃ -current temperature)/heating rate;
(A6) the water discharge is automatically regulated by a steam condensate water conveying pump 11, and the liquid level of the steam condensate water tank 10 is kept between 30cm and 50 cm;
(A7) steam flow control valve FIC 440325 state is automatic: FIC4403.MODE = AUT, and the tower bottom pressure PI4408 of the analysis tower 6 is kept between 0.3MPa and 0.35 MPa;
(A8) when the top pressure PI4401 of the analysis tower 6 is more than or equal to 50KPa, automatically opening a hydrogen chloride gas regulating valve PIC 440224 to start gas supply, or closing, wherein the top pressure of the analysis tower 6 depends on the tower kettle pressure of the analysis tower 6 and the reboiler outlet temperature TIT 4404;
(A9) the state of the acid valve LV 440222 under the resolution tower is automatic: lv4402.mode = AUT, automatic liquid level status of the analytical column: LIT4401.MODE = AUT, and LIT4401.SV =30cm, if the LIT4401 is not less than 30, the acid valve LV 440222 under the analysis tower is automatically opened, and if the LIT4401 is less than 30, the acid valve LV 440222 under the analysis tower is automatically closed;
(A10) when the liquid level LIT4403 of the dilute acid storage tank 12 is more than or equal to 65cm, the dilute acid pump outlet valve LIC 440723 is fully opened: lic4407.mv = 100%;
(A11) steam flow control valve FIC 440325 state is automatic: FIC4403.MODE = AUT, automatic state of the concentrated acid flow regulating valve FIC 440121: FIC4401.MODE = AUT, reboiler outlet temperature TIT4404 increasing 1 degree C per 1 degree C, concentrated acid flow FIT4401 increasing 1m3The reboiler outlet temperature TIT4404 set-point was: TIT4404.SV = 120-122 ℃, and the set value of the concentrated acid flow FIT4404 is as follows: FIT4404.SV = 18-22 m3/h；
(A12) And when the temperature TIT4404 at the outlet of the reboiler and the flow FIT4404 of the concentrated acid reach set values, carrying out the conventional analysis start-up procedure of the hydrochloric acid when the flow FIT4402 of the hydrogen chloride gas is more than 1300 Nm/h.
Example 3: the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 or 2 in that:
the one-key parking program mainly comprises the following steps:
(B1) closing the steam flow regulating valve FIC 440325: fic4403.mv = 0%;
(B2) controlling the liquid level LIT4401 of the analysis tower: closing the opening of the valve position of an acid valve FV 440120 on a small concentrated acid pump, and opening the opening of the valve position of a reflux valve FV 440019 of a large concentrated acid pump, so that the liquid level LIT4401 of the analytical tower is kept at 30-40 cm;
(B3) after the outlet temperature TIT4404 of the reboiler is less than or equal to 95 ℃, closing the concentrated acid pump 3, and closing the hydrogen chloride gas regulating valve PIC 440224, wherein MV = 0%;
(B4) when the concentrated acid pump 3 stops operating, closing an acid valve FV 440120 on the concentrated acid pump;
(B6) when the opening of an acid valve FV 440120 on the concentrated acid pump is 0 percent: FV4401.MV =0%, close the concentrated acid pump reflux valve FV 440019: fv4400.mv = 0%;
(B7) when the liquid level LIT4403 of the dilute acid storage tank 12 is less than or equal to 40cm, the dilute acid pump 13 is closed;
(B8) completing the normal resolving and stopping procedure of the hydrochloric acid;
(B9) when the pressure at the top of the desorption tower is less than or equal to 3KPa, starting an automatic nitrogen charging valve of the desorption tower, keeping the system pressure of the desorption tower 6 at 3 KPa-5 KPa, and preventing the hydrogen chloride lining pipeline from removing the lining due to negative pressure.
Example 4: the method of any one of embodiments 1 to 3In contrast, the present embodiment is different in that: the method comprises the following steps of firstly setting parameters before starting by one key, wherein the parameters mainly comprise selection of a concentrated acid pump, selection of a dilute acid pump, initial setting of a valve position of a concentrated acid flow regulating valve, initial setting of a concentrated acid flow and setting of a temperature rise rate of a reboiler, and the initial valve position is set by the concentrated acid flow regulating valve 21: fic4401.mv =50%, the concentrated acid flux was initially set: FIT4404= 8-10 m3H, the reboiler heat up rate setting: 1 ℃/min, then computer self-test: the liquid level LIT4401 of the concentrated acid storage tank is larger than 0.3m, the concentrated acid pump 3 is in a standby state signal, and if the on-site inspection is in a qualified signal, a post is informed to drive by conventional analysis.
Example 5: compared with any one of embodiments 1 to 4, the difference of the embodiment is that: according to the liquid level of the dilute acid storage tank 12, namely when the liquid level LIT4403 of the dilute acid storage tank 12 is larger than or equal to 65cm, the dilute acid supplementing valve of the water alkali washing system 17 is switched to a manual state, 20% of input is performed, the dilute acid pump outlet valve LIC 440723 is opened, the opening degree is 100%, the dilute acid pump 13 is started, the dilute acid in the dilute acid storage tank 12 is output by the dilute acid pump 13, is cooled by the dilute acid cooler 14 and then is sent to the water alkali washing system 17.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A DCS control method for a hydrochloric acid analysis start-stop process is characterized by comprising the following steps: concentrated acid is sent out by a concentrated acid pump (3), is subjected to heat exchange and then is introduced from the upper part of an analytical tower (6), and is subjected to countercurrent heat transfer and mass transfer with high-temperature steam from a reboiler (15) introduced from the lower part of the analytical tower (6) to obtain saturated water-containing hydrogen chloride gas and 19% -22% dilute acid, the saturated water-containing hydrogen chloride gas is condensed and deacidified from the top of the analytical tower (6) and then is sent to a mixed dehydration procedure (16), the 19% -22% dilute acid is subjected to heat exchange and cooling in sequence from the bottom of the analytical tower (6) and then enters a dilute acid storage tank (12), wherein a reboiler reflux valve (19) of the concentrated acid pump, an upper acid valve (20) of the concentrated acid pump and a flow regulating valve (21) of the concentrated acid pump are arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the concentrated acid pump (15), a lower acid valve (22) of the analytical tower is arranged on an inlet pipeline of the dilute acid storage tank (12), a diluted acid pump outlet valve (23) is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the diluted acid storage tank (12), a hydrogen chloride gas regulating valve (24) is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the mixed dehydration process (16), a DCS control method is adopted in a hydrochloric acid analysis starting and stopping process, and a one-key starting and stopping button is arranged at an engineer station of a hydrochloric acid analysis DCS control system.
2. The DCS control method for the start/stop process of hydrochloric acid analysis according to claim 1, wherein: the steam flow affects the reboiler outlet temperature, the reboiler outlet temperature affects the top temperature of the desorption tower (6), and the top temperature of the desorption tower (6) affects the temperature of the hydrogen chloride product gas.
3. The DCS control method for the hydrochloric acid decomposition start/stop process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the one-key driving program mainly comprises the following steps:
(A1) opening hydrochloric acid analysis: pressing a one-key starting button, automatically detecting set parameters before starting by the DCS, entering the next step if the program is started normally, and otherwise, ending the starting program;
(A2) opening the valve position of the return valve (19) of the concentrated acid pump from 0% to 50%, and starting the concentrated acid pump (3);
(A3) opening an acid feeding valve (20) of the concentrated acid pump, automatically adjusting valve positions of a reflux valve (19) of the concentrated acid pump and the acid feeding valve (20) of the concentrated acid pump, switching a flow regulating valve (21) of the concentrated acid into an automatic state, and keeping the liquid level of the desorption tower (6) between 30cm and 50 cm;
(A4) when the liquid level of the desorption tower (6) is 50cm, opening the steam flow regulating valve (25) to 5 percent;
(A5) and (3) heating: the outlet temperature of the reboiler is less than or equal to 110 ℃, the opening degree of the large steam flow regulating valve (25) is continuously opened, the outlet temperature of the reboiler is increased, and the temperature rise time = (110 ℃ -current temperature)/temperature rise rate is increased;
(A6) the water discharge is automatically regulated by a steam condensate water conveying pump (11), and the liquid level of a steam condensate water tank (10) is kept at 30-50 cm;
(A7) the steam flow regulating valve (25) is in an automatic state, and the pressure of the tower kettle of the desorption tower (6) is kept between 0.3MPa and 0.35 MPa;
(A8) when the pressure at the top of the analysis tower (6) is more than or equal to 50KPa, the hydrogen chloride gas regulating valve (24) is automatically opened to start gas supply, otherwise, the hydrogen chloride gas regulating valve is closed;
(A9) the state of the acid valve (22) below the analysis tower is automatic, the liquid level state of the analysis tower (6) is automatic, if the liquid level of the analysis tower (6) is more than or equal to 30cm, the acid valve (22) below the analysis tower is automatically opened, and if the liquid level of the analysis tower (6) is less than 30cm, the acid valve (22) below the analysis tower is automatically closed;
(A10) when the liquid level of the dilute acid storage tank (12) is more than or equal to 65cm, the outlet valve (23) of the dilute acid pump is fully opened;
(A11) the steam flow regulating valve (25) is in an automatic state, the concentrated acid flow regulating valve (21) is in an automatic state, the outlet temperature of the reboiler rises by 1 ℃, and the concentrated acid flow is increased by 1m3The temperature of the outlet of the reboiler is 120-122 ℃, and the flow rate of the concentrated acid is 18-22 m3/h；
(A12) And when the outlet temperature of the reboiler and the flow of the concentrated acid reach set values and the flow of the hydrogen chloride gas is more than 1300 Nm/h, the routine analysis starting procedure is completed.
4. The DCS control method for the hydrochloric acid decomposition start/stop process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the one-key parking program mainly comprises the following steps:
(B1) closing the steam flow regulating valve (25);
(B2) controlling the liquid level of the desorption tower (6): closing an acid valve (20) on a small concentrated acid pump, and opening a reflux valve (19) of a large concentrated acid pump to keep the liquid level of the desorption tower (6) at 30-40 cm;
(B3) after the outlet temperature of the reboiler is less than or equal to 95 ℃, the concentrated acid pump (3) is closed, and the hydrogen chloride gas regulating valve (24) is closed;
(B4) when the concentrated acid pump (3) stops running, closing an acid valve (20) on the concentrated acid pump;
(B6) when the opening of an acid valve (20) on the concentrated acid pump is 0%, closing a reflux valve (19) of the concentrated acid pump;
(B7) when the liquid level of the dilute acid storage tank (12) is less than or equal to 40cm, the dilute acid pump (13) is closed;
(B8) completing the normal resolving and stopping procedure of the hydrochloric acid;
(B9) when the pressure at the top of the analysis tower (6) is less than or equal to 3KPa, opening an automatic nitrogen charging valve of the analysis tower, and keeping the system pressure of the analysis tower (6) at 3 KPa-5 KPa.
5. The DCS control method for the hydrochloric acid analysis start/stop process according to claim 3, wherein the DCS control method comprises: the one-key parking program mainly comprises the following steps:
(B1) closing the steam flow regulating valve (25);
(B2) controlling the liquid level of the desorption tower (6): closing an acid valve (20) on a small concentrated acid pump, and opening a reflux valve (19) of a large concentrated acid pump to keep the liquid level of the desorption tower (6) at 30-40 cm;
(B3) after the outlet temperature of the reboiler is less than or equal to 95 ℃, the concentrated acid pump (3) is closed, and the hydrogen chloride gas regulating valve (24) is closed;
(B4) when the concentrated acid pump (3) stops running, closing an acid valve (20) on the concentrated acid pump;
(B6) when the opening of an acid valve (20) on the concentrated acid pump is 0%, closing a reflux valve (19) of the concentrated acid pump;
(B7) when the liquid level of the dilute acid storage tank (12) is less than or equal to 40cm, the dilute acid pump (13) is closed;
(B8) completing the normal resolving and stopping procedure of the hydrochloric acid;
(B9) when the pressure at the top of the analysis tower (6) is less than or equal to 3KPa, opening an automatic nitrogen charging valve of the analysis tower, and keeping the system pressure of the analysis tower (6) at 3 KPa-5 KPa.
6. The DCS control method for the hydrochloric acid analysis start/stop process according to claim 3, wherein the DCS control method comprises: setting parameters before one-key driving: mainly comprises the selection of a concentrated acid pump, the selection of a dilute acid pump, the initial setting of a valve position of a concentrated acid flow regulating valve and the flow of concentrated acidInitial setting and reboiler heating rate setting, wherein the initial valve position setting of the concentrated acid flow regulating valve is as follows: 50%, and the flow of the concentrated acid is initially set as follows: 8-10 m3H, the reboiler heat up rate setting: 1 deg.C/min.
7. The DCS control method for the hydrochloric acid analysis start/stop process according to claim 3, wherein the DCS control method comprises: carrying out computer self-check before one-key driving: the liquid level of the concentrated acid storage tank is more than 0.3m, and the concentrated acid pump (3) is in a standby state.
8. The DCS control method for the start/stop process of hydrochloric acid analysis according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen chloride gas is sequentially introduced into a hydrogen chloride primary cooler (7) and a hydrogen chloride secondary cooler (8) from the top of the desorption tower (6) for condensation deacidification, the generated condensed acid is recovered to a condensed acid collecting tank (9) from the bottoms of the hydrogen chloride primary cooler (7) and the hydrogen chloride secondary cooler (8), and the condensed acid in the condensed acid collecting tank (9) is returned to a concentrated acid storage tank for recycling.
9. The DCS control method for the start/stop process of hydrochloric acid analysis according to claim 1, wherein: and the 19-22% dilute acid exchanges heat and is cooled through the double-effect heat exchanger (5) and the tower kettle cooler (4) from the bottom of the desorption tower (6) in sequence.
10. The DCS control method for the start/stop process of hydrochloric acid analysis according to claim 9, wherein: and (3) outputting the dilute acid in the dilute acid storage tank (12) by a dilute acid pump (13), cooling the dilute acid by a dilute acid cooler (14), and sending the dilute acid to a water-alkali washing system (17).
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