CN112649960A - Accurate adjusting method for diopter of virtual reality glasses - Google Patents
Accurate adjusting method for diopter of virtual reality glasses Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 210000001508 eye Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 210000001525 retina Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001886 ciliary effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008713 feedback mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000000695 crystalline len Anatomy 0.000 description 26
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 208000014733 refractive error Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 208000029091 Refraction disease Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000004430 ametropia Effects 0.000 description 6
- 208000001491 myopia Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 208000003464 asthenopia Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004379 myopia Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000005252 bulbus oculi Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010020675 Hypermetropia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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- G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of virtual reality equipment, and particularly relates to a method for accurately adjusting diopter of virtual reality glasses. According to the principle that pixels with different colors of a display element of virtual reality equipment are in the same optical system and are imaged at different positions in front of and behind the retina of human eyes through the human eyes, the position relation between the position of a virtual image and a visible far point of the human eyes is accurately adjusted according to the difference of definition of the visual marks of a display screen; and a feedback mechanism is accurately provided through the difference of definition changes of the human eyes to the pixels with different colors, so that the human eyes are in a state of less adjustment, the refraction load of the human eyes is reduced, and the burden of ciliary muscles is reduced. And the method can relax eyes while applying virtual reality glasses equipment to eyes, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting eyes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of virtual reality equipment, and particularly relates to a method for accurately adjusting diopter of virtual reality glasses.
Background
Virtual Reality (visual Reality) glasses equipment or Augmented Reality (Augmented Reality) glasses equipment is equipment which is processed by means of optical technology and computer image technology, wherein the Virtual Reality (visual Reality) glasses equipment can create a completely Virtual immersive image scene which is separated from Reality, and the Augmented Reality (Augmented Reality) glasses equipment can generate images and information which are superposed on the real scene. Both of these (hereinafter, collectively referred to as virtual reality devices) are very popular research application fields and directions in recent years, and are considered as next-generation mobile terminal devices.
In recent years, the popularity of electronic devices has increased the rate of myopia in people, and the problem of vision among minors is particularly acute. For users with abnormal diopters (e.g., near-sighted and far-sighted users), some virtual reality eyewear devices provide means for diopter adjustment. The most simple is that the Virtual Image Distance (Virtual Image Distance) is adjusted by adjusting the Distance between the screen and the lens, namely the Object Distance (Object Distance), in the VR, and clear imaging can be realized according to different ametropia degrees of users, so as to achieve the purpose of diopter adjustment.
The lens of the human eye has certain adjusting capacity (focusing function), so that normal human eyes can see objects in a large distance range, the visible Near Point (Near Point) can be 100-150 mm, and the visible Far Point (Far Point) is infinite. In the real world, the distance of an actual object can be distinguished through a reference object and the stereoscopic vision of human eyes, the long-time short-distance eye use is avoided as much as possible, and the eye fatigue is avoided.
However, in the virtual reality glasses, the actual human eyes cannot clearly perceive the virtual image distance, and only can perceive the image definition. Whether the eyes are normal eyes or eyes with ametropia, objects can be seen clearly within a certain distance range, namely, the image can be seen clearly at the distance between a visible far point and a visible near point. When diopter adjustment is performed, due to the characteristic that human eyes prefer near vision, it is highly likely that an observed image is pulled very close, that is, a virtual image is very close, thereby causing eye fatigue for near vision. Especially for immature users whose eyes are not mature yet, it is important to avoid the hyperrefractive accommodation of the eyes.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, the invention aims to provide a diopter precise adjustment method aiming at the existing virtual reality glasses, so that the diopter precise adjustment method can help a user to clearly know the tension degree of the ciliary muscle of the crystalline lens at the distance of the image observed by the eyes, and can help the eyes of the user to relax when the equipment is used, thereby playing a role in protecting eyesight.
As fig. 1 is a basic optical path diagram of a virtual reality eyeglass device, a screen is generally placed near the focal point of an optical lens, so that an enlarged upright virtual image is obtained, and the virtual image is distant from the focal point. VR glasses can also achieve diopter adjustment by adjusting the object distance or focal length, taking into account the ametropia user. As mentioned above, without an accurate feedback mechanism, a person adjusts the virtual image too close, resulting in an excessive refractive load on the eye.
In current virtual reality or augmented reality devices, whether OLED/LCD or possibly μ LED screens are used in the future, they are made up of pixels of at least three colors, Red (Red), Green (Green) and Blue (Blue).
Due to the existence of the Longitudinal Chromatic Aberration (LCA) of human eyes, the positions of color lights with different wavelengths in front of and behind the retinas of the human eyes are different, and according to the characteristic, when a glasses shop matches glasses for optometry, whether the matching optometry degree is proper or not is judged through the definition of a red-green color scale.
According to the invention, the diopter of the virtual reality glasses can be accurately adjusted by a certain method according to the axial chromatic aberration of human eyes.
FIG. 2 is an optical schematic diagram of virtual reality glasses and human eyes, wherein the focal length of the optical lens is fλDistance l between lens and screen, virtual image distance l 'observed by human eyes'λDistance p of visible distant point of human eyeλThe ametropia value of the human eye is-Dλ. The imaging formula of geometric optics can be obtained as follows:
since the focal length of the lens, the far point of visibility of the human eye, and the refractive error value of the human eye are all related to the wavelength of light, there is a subscript wavelength λ.
As the display screen has three pixels with different colors of R/G/B, the dominant wavelengths of the pixels of R/G/B can be respectively substituted.
Another human eye has refractive errors and, if correction is required, the lens is focused at a far point of sight, namely:
human eyes need to see clearly, and the virtual image position needs to be smaller than the visible far point of the human eyes, namely:
l′λ≤pλ， (3)
thus, there are:
the lens of the human eye is a positive lens, and has large focal power for short wavelength light and small focal power for long wavelength light, so that the visible far point of long wavelength is far, the visible far point of short wavelength is near, the visible far point of red light is far, and the visible far point of blue light is near. I.e. pR>pG>pBOr ametropia value DR<DG<DB
From the above derivation, we know that there are two ways to satisfy ametropia for the human eye to see the image, one to adjust the object distance l, and the other to change the focal length fλThis is also the way diopter adjustment that the virtual device may employ.
When the method for adjusting the object distance is used, when the object distance l is gradually reduced, the red pixel R firstly meets the formula, then the green pixel G and then the blue pixel B can be known by the formula. The human eye longitudinal chromatic aberration is statistically measured to be about 1.75D (blue 420nm and red 660 nm). At a fixed object distance in front, the human eye needs to observe the image of the red pixels using 1.75D of accommodation. Under the observation for a long time, the eye fatigue can be caused, and the vision is affected, especially for the users of the juveniles with immature eyeballs. Note that the chromatic aberration of the human eye mentioned here is not the chromatic aberration of the optical system of the virtual reality eyewear device, but the chromatic aberration of the human eye eyeball itself. In the chromatic aberration of the virtual reality optical system without correcting chromatic aberration, the phenomenon of eye fatigue of people is more obvious because of the on-axis negative chromatic aberration generated by positive focal power. However, in summary, the optical system is small compared with the longitudinal chromatic aberration of human eyes, and is not discussed for a moment, so that the optical system is considered to be an ideal optical system.
In contrast, if the object distance is set to a state where the red pixel R is just clear, that is, the virtual image of the red pixel is at the far point visible under red light, the virtual images of the green pixel G and the blue pixel B at this time are slightly larger than the far point visible. For users with myopia, this condition can be made to help relax the eyes. Other users, with normal eyes, can set the eyes to be similar to the eyes of the other users.
When the number of pixels per angle (PPD) of the virtual reality device is <30, each Pixel is >2 minutes of viewing angle, which is less than 1 minute of the human eye's limit resolution, there is a so-called "Screen-Effect" (Screen-Effect), and then the human eye can see the boundary of a single Pixel clearly. The adjustment can be made by the human eye judging the sharpness of the boundary of the individual pixel instead of the optotype pattern.
Based on the analysis, the method for accurately adjusting the diopter of the virtual reality glasses provided by the invention accurately adjusts the position relation between the position of the virtual image and the visible far point of human eyes according to the principle that different color pixels of a display element of the virtual reality equipment are in the same optical system and are imaged at different positions in front of and behind the retina of the human eyes through the human eyes and the difference of the definition of the visual target image of the display screen; the feedback mechanism is accurately provided through the difference of definition change of the human eyes to the pixels with different colors, so that the human eyes are in a state of less adjustment, the refraction load of the human eyes is reduced, and the burden of ciliary muscles is reduced; the adjusting mode is two types:
(1) and adjusting the object distance, namely adjusting the distance between the optical system and the display screen.
The method for adjusting the object distance can be manual adjustment or electronic mechanical auxiliary automatic adjustment.
(2) The focal length can be adjusted by adjusting the lens position of the zoom optical lens group, and a zoom liquid lens can also be used.
The adopted sighting target images can be letters, characters and patterns.
In actual operation, the specific steps are as follows:
initializing the arrangement of VR equipment to enable the VR equipment to be in a state of minimum diopter adjustment required by normal human eyes, and more specifically, enabling the distance between a lens and a screen of the VR equipment to be maximum for the equipment for adjusting the object distance; for the apparatus for adjusting the focal length, the focal length is made to be in the shortest state.
Step two, the R pixels are lighted on the screen first, and some black large and small visual targets (the pixels in the visual target area are not lighted) are displayed in the middle visual area, which can be characters, letters or patterns, such as the commonly used letter E, C or the optically commonly used line pair pattern, as shown in fig. 3 a. The object distance or the focal length of the optical lens of the virtual reality glasses equipment is adjusted, wherein the adjustment can be manual adjustment or automatic adjustment of electronic machinery. So that the virtual image distance is gradually reduced. When the R pixel just starts to be clear, the adjustment device is stopped. Since this judgment is relatively rough, the following procedure is required to verify the state at this time.
And step three, illuminating the R pixel on one half of the screen, illuminating the G pixel on the other half of the screen, and simultaneously presenting a black visual target, as shown in FIG. 3 b. And comparing the image definition of the red pixel with that of the green pixel. For myopes or users who normally use more eyes at a short distance, the image definition of the red pixels is higher than that of the green pixels. For other users, the image sharpness of the red pixels may be made comparable to the green pixels. If the distance does not meet the requirement, the virtual image distance of the equipment is too close, and the reverse adjustment is needed to slightly increase the virtual image distance.
And step four, simultaneously lightening the R pixel, the G pixel and the B pixel, and simultaneously presenting a black sighting target image, as shown in figure 3 c. And comparing the three color pixel patterns to ensure that the definition of the blue image is the worst. Thereby the possibility of being too close to the virtual image distance is absolutely excluded.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the feedback mechanism is accurately provided through the difference of definition change of the human eyes to the pixels with different colors, so that the human eyes are in a state of less adjustment, the refraction load of the human eyes is reduced, and the burden of ciliary muscles is reduced. The eyes can relax while applying virtual reality glasses equipment, and the purpose of protecting the eyes is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a basic optical path diagram of a virtual reality eyeglass device.
Fig. 2 is an optical schematic diagram of virtual reality glasses and human eyes.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a screen display pattern according to the present invention. Wherein, a is a schematic diagram when a red pixel is lighted, b is a schematic diagram when a red pixel and a green pixel are lighted (for example, the right side is red, and the left side is green), and c is a schematic diagram when a red pixel, a green pixel and a blue pixel are lighted (for example, three areas in the figure, the upper right side is red, the upper left side is green, and the lower side is blue).
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical path according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical path according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For further understanding of the features and technical means of the present invention, as well as the specific objects and functions attained by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Refer to fig. 3 to 5.
In embodiment 1 of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the object distance is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the optical lens and the display screen, and it is known from the foregoing formula that when the display screen is at the focal point of the optical system, the virtual image is infinitely distant. When the distance between the adjusting lens and the display screen is reduced, the virtual image distance is gradually reduced, so that the virtual image can be formed in a far point visible to human eyes, and then the position of the virtual image is accurately adjusted as required. The specific adjustment procedure is as follows,
the method comprises the following steps:
and initializing the setting of the VR equipment to enable the VR equipment to be in a state of minimum diopter adjustment required by normal human eyes, namely, the current equipment enables the distance between a lens and a screen to be maximum.
Step two:
the screen first lights up R pixels and displays some black large and small visual target (visual target area pixels are not lighted) in the middle visual area, which may be characters, letters or patterns, such as the commonly used letter E, C or the optically commonly used line pair pattern, as shown in fig. 3 a. The object distance or the focal length of the optical lens of the virtual reality glasses equipment is adjusted, wherein the adjustment can be manual adjustment or automatic adjustment of electronic machinery. So that the virtual image distance is gradually reduced. When the R pixel just starts to be clear, the adjusting device is stopped, and the optical path state of the virtual reality glasses and the human eyes is shown in fig. 4 a. Since this judgment is relatively rough, the following procedure is required to verify the state at this time.
Step three:
half of the screen lights up the R pixels and the other half lights up the G pixels, while presenting a black optotype. And comparing the image definition of the red pixel with that of the green pixel. The fine adjustment equipment is used for ensuring that the image definition of the red pixels is higher than that of the green pixels for myopes or users who use more eyes at a short distance at ordinary times. For other users, the image sharpness of the red pixels may be made comparable to the green pixels. If the distance does not meet the requirement, the virtual image distance of the equipment is too close, and the reverse adjustment is needed to slightly increase the virtual image distance.
Step four:
the R pixel, the G pixel, and the B pixel are simultaneously lighted, and a black optotype image is presented. And comparing the three color pixel patterns to ensure that the definition of the blue image is the worst. Thereby the possibility of too close virtual image distance is absolutely excluded. The optical path state between the virtual reality glasses and the human eyes is shown in fig. 4 b.
Embodiment 2 of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, uses a liquid zoom lens, and controls the change of the curvature and focal length of the lens by a voltage. From the foregoing equation, when the display screen is at the focal point of the lens, the virtual image is at infinity. When the camber of adjusting lens, make it diminish, also focus grow gradually, virtual image distance also reduces gradually to enable the virtual image formation of image in the visual distant point of people's eye, then as required, the position at virtual image place is adjusted to the accuracy
In the first step of the method,
and initializing the setting of the VR equipment, and adjusting the voltage of the liquid zoom lens to enable the system focal length of the zoom lens to be shortest. The state that the diopter adjustment required by normal human eyes is minimum is achieved, and for a part of users with myopia, the screen image in the state cannot be clearly seen.
In the second step, the first step is that,
the screen first lights up R pixels and displays some black large and small visual target (visual target area pixels are not lighted) in the middle visual area, which may be characters, letters or patterns, such as the commonly used letter E, C or the optically commonly used line pair pattern, as shown in fig. 3 a. And adjusting the virtual reality glasses equipment, and reducing the focal length of the optical lens to gradually reduce the virtual image distance. When the R pixel just starts to be clear, the adjusting device is stopped, and the optical path state of the virtual reality glasses and the human eyes is shown in fig. 5 a. Since this judgment is relatively rough, the following procedure is required to verify the state at this time.
Step three, performing a first step of cleaning the substrate,
half of the screen lights up the R pixels and the other half lights up the G pixels, while presenting a black optotype. And comparing the image definition of the red pixel with that of the green pixel. For myopes or users who normally use more eyes at a short distance, the image definition of the red pixels is higher than that of the green pixels. For other users, the image sharpness of the red pixels may be made comparable to the green pixels. If the distance does not meet the requirement, the virtual image distance of the equipment is too close, and the reverse adjustment is needed to slightly increase the virtual image distance.
Step four, performing a first step of cleaning the substrate,
the R pixel, the G pixel, and the B pixel are simultaneously lighted, and a black optotype image is presented at the same time. And comparing the three color pixel patterns to ensure that the definition of the blue image is the worst. Thereby the possibility of too close virtual image distance is absolutely excluded. The optical path state between the virtual reality glasses and the human eyes is shown in fig. 5 b.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The method is characterized in that the position relation between the position of a virtual image and the visible far point of human eyes is accurately adjusted according to the principle that different color pixels of a display element of virtual reality equipment are in the same optical system and are imaged at different positions in front of and behind the retinas of the human eyes and the difference of the definition of the visual marks of a display screen; the adjusting mode is two types:
(1) adjusting the object distance, namely adjusting the distance between the optical system and the display screen;
(2) adjusting the focal length, i.e. adjusting the lens position of the zoom optical lens group, or using a zoom liquid lens.
2. The method for accurately adjusting diopter of the virtual reality glasses according to claim 1, wherein the method for adjusting the object distance adopts manual adjustment or adopts electronic mechanical auxiliary automatic adjustment.
3. The method for accurately adjusting diopter of the virtual reality glasses according to claim 1, wherein the visual target image used is a letter, a character or a pattern.
4. The method for accurately adjusting diopters of virtual reality glasses according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the actual operation steps are as follows:
initializing the arrangement of VR equipment to enable the VR equipment to be in a state of minimum diopter adjustment required by normal human eyes, and particularly enabling the distance between a lens and a screen of the VR equipment to be maximum for the equipment for adjusting the object distance; for the device for adjusting the focal length, the focal length is in the shortest state;
step two, the screen lights up the red pixel first, and display some black big small visual targets in the middle visual area, adjust the object distance or optical lens focal length of the virtual reality glasses apparatus, make its virtual image distance become smaller gradually; stopping the adjustment device when the red pixel is just beginning to be clear;
step three, lightening a red pixel on one half of the screen, lightening a green pixel on the other half of the screen, and simultaneously presenting a black sighting mark; comparing the image definition of the red pixel and the green pixel;
for myopes or users who use more eyes at a short distance at ordinary times, the image definition of the red pixels is higher than that of the green pixels; for other users, the image definition of the red pixel is equivalent to that of the green pixel; if the distance does not meet the requirement, the virtual image distance of the equipment is too close, and the reverse adjustment is carried out to slightly increase the virtual image distance;
step four, simultaneously lightening red pixels, green pixels and blue pixels, and presenting a black sighting target image; and comparing the three color pixel patterns to ensure the worst definition of the blue image, thereby absolutely eliminating the possibility of too close virtual image distance.
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