CN112647923A - Simulation test device and method for large-scale coal underground gasification similar material - Google Patents
Simulation test device and method for large-scale coal underground gasification similar material Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 141
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
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- 238000005235 decoking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/295—Gasification of minerals, e.g. for producing mixtures of combustible gases
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
Abstract
The invention provides a large-scale briquette coal underground gasification similar material simulation test device and method, relates to the technical field of mining engineering, and solves the technical problem of how to research the expansion rule of an internal combustion dead zone of a long channel and the change rule of overlying strata mechanics. The device comprises a gasification furnace, a gasification agent preparation unit, a monitoring unit and a data processing unit, the gasification furnace simulates the coal gasification mining process in a long channel, the gasification agent provides gas required by simulating coal bed gasification for gasification mining, the monitoring unit comprises a gas flowmeter, a gas pressure gauge, a temperature thermocouple, a gas chromatograph, an acoustic emission sensor and a pressure sensor, the monitoring unit monitors gasification parameters in the gasification process, the temperature change and the acoustic emission signal of a rock stratum in the gasification process are recorded, the influence of the gasification agents with different ratios on the gasification process is tested, gas components and pollutants generated by gasification are analyzed, and therefore observation and research are carried out on the forms of a gasification furnace fuel space area and overlying rocks more intuitively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering and similar material simulation, in particular to a large-scale coal underground gasification similar material simulation test device and method.
Background
Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) is a process of generating combustible gas by performing controlled combustion on Underground Coal and through thermal and chemical actions on a Coal bed, and the process integrates three processes of well building, Coal mining and ground Gasification into a whole, changes the traditional physical Coal mining into chemical Coal mining, and has the advantages of good safety, less investment, high benefit, less pollution and the like, so that the UCG is always paid attention to and is an important supplement of Coal mining and utilizing technology.
At present, a great deal of manpower and material resources are successively put into research and application in many countries of the world, and great results are obtained. Technicians successively develop pilot scale model tests and field application, and carry out field verification on a series of coal underground gasification research results. In the prior art: chinese patent (CN204175276U) discloses a coal underground gasification simulation experiment device, which comprises a gasification furnace body, a furnace cover fixed on the gasification furnace body, and a gasification channel arranged at the lower part of the gasification furnace body, wherein the gasification channel section positioned in the gasification space of the gasification furnace body is a strip-shaped notch communicated with the gasification space of the gasification furnace body, and two ends of the gasification channel are of a closed structure; an airflow baffle is arranged in the middle of a strip-shaped notch section of the gasification channel, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are arranged on two sides of the airflow baffle, the upper ends of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe penetrate through the furnace cover and extend out of the furnace cover, and the lower ends of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe penetrate through the clay filling layer and the solid coal seam and are stopped above the strip-shaped notch; an ignition head of an ignition device arranged at one end of the gasification channel is arranged near the air inlet pipe; the thermocouples are disposed in the furnace in a horizontal arrangement. However, the device only records the temperature change during gasification, and does not research the acoustic emission and pressure change during gasification; and the gasification furnace is not filled after gasification is finished, so that the burned combustion space area and surrounding rocks cannot be visually observed. Chinese patent (CN104122289B) discloses a coal underground gasification model test bed and a test method, comprising a gasification furnace and a data acquisition system, wherein the front, the back, the left and the right of a hearth of the gasification furnace and the bottom of the hearth are sequentially and respectively provided with a fire-resistant layer, a heat-insulating layer, a sealing layer and a pressure-resistant layer from inside to outside; the top of the gasification furnace is provided with a pipeline for outputting and inputting gas, and the pipeline penetrates into the test coal bed in the hearth from the top of the gasification furnace and is communicated with the gasification channel; a plurality of observation holes for observing the combustion conditions of the ignition end coal bed in the ignition process and the gasification channel coal bed in the gasification process are formed in the periphery of the gasification furnace; the gasification furnace is provided with a plurality of process parameter measuring holes for leading out coal gas and communication signal lines. The patent can simulate and can develop the coal underground gasification model test, realizes the gasification process of different inclination angles and thickness coal seams, and researches the motion conditions of a top bottom plate and surface soil in the gasification process. But the whole structure of the equipment is complex, the cost is high, and the operation difficulty is high. Therefore, most of the existing similar material simulation test equipment only considers the combustion gas production characteristics of the gasified coal seam in the underground coal gasification process, cannot measure the acoustic emission, pressure signal change and the like of the surrounding rock in the gasification process, and neglects the heat damage fracture and movement collapse rule of the surrounding rock of the top plate and the bottom plate in the coal seam expansion process; the large-scale coal underground gasification analog simulation experiment is relatively complicated in operation, relatively high in cost and relatively long in time consumption; the gasification furnace body anatomy after the operation of the gasification furnace is not considered, so that the combustion expansion characteristic of a gasification coal layer, the coking characteristic of a coal wall, the heat damage characteristic of surrounding rocks, the overlying strata collapse characteristic and the distribution and diffusion characteristic of pollutants in a gasification furnace chamber are difficult to truly and effectively observe; there is a lack of simulation studies on the filling of gasifiers.
Different from the traditional ground coal gasification technology, underground coal gasification does not need underground ventilation and drainage, and the transportation problem of coal, materials and personnel does not exist, so that the well building and roadway excavation work is greatly reduced. However, due to the complexity of the underground environment, various unstable factors exist in the underground coal gasification technology, such as the expansion of a combustion space area, the heating change of surrounding rocks, the influence of different factors on the gas production efficiency, the change of gas production components, and the like. Therefore, in order to provide a more thorough understanding and research on the underground coal gasification technology, it is necessary to perform a preliminary simulation experiment of underground coal gasification.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a large-scale molded coal underground gasification similar material simulation test device and method, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.
A large-scale briquette coal underground gasification similar material simulation test device comprises a gasification furnace, a gasification agent preparation unit, a monitoring unit and a data processing unit, wherein the gasification agent preparation unit is connected with the gasification furnace through a gas injection port on the gasification furnace, and the monitoring unit monitors and transmits monitoring parameters to the data processing unit; the gasifier comprises a base, a base plate, a first side plate, a second side plate and a top cover, wherein the base plate, the first side plate, the second side plate and the top cover enclose a closed cuboid test space, an ignition device is further installed in the test space, 2 second side baffles which are arranged oppositely are respectively provided with a gas injection port and a gas exhaust port, 2 first side plates which are arranged oppositely are provided with a plurality of screw holes, the top cover is provided with a plurality of screw holes, and a filling device is connected with an opening in the top cover of the gasifier; the monitoring unit includes gas flowmeter, gas pressure gauge, temperature thermocouple, gas chromatograph, acoustic emission sensor and pressure sensor, gas flowmeter, gas pressure gauge monitor gas injection pipeline and the atmospheric pressure and the flow on the exhaust pipe, temperature thermocouple passes through the screw configuration and monitors the temperature on the gasifier, acoustic emission sensor passes through the corner position monitoring overburden destruction of screw configuration at the gasifier, pressure sensor passes through the screw configuration and monitors the country rock stress at the surface monitoring of simulation overburden, gaseous component in the gas chromatograph monitoring exhaust pipe.
Preferably, the structure of the gasification furnace is made of stainless steel materials, nickel is plated on the surface of the gasification furnace, and a top cover is provided with a hanging ring; the top cover, the first side plate and the second side plate are fixedly connected through bolts.
It is also preferred that the first side plate, the second side plate and the base are connected by stainless steel corner connectors, 2 first side plates are arranged in a first direction in a facing manner, and 2 second side plates are arranged in a second direction in a facing manner.
Still preferably, the gasifying agent preparation unit comprises an air compressor, a steam generator, an oxygen tank and a carbon dioxide tank, and the air compressor, the steam generator, the oxygen tank and the carbon dioxide tank are respectively connected with the gas injection port through gas injection pipelines.
It is also preferable that a diffusing tower is arranged at the outlet of the exhaust pipeline, and a washing tank, a desulfurizing tank and a decoking tank are further arranged on the exhaust pipeline between the diffusing tower and the exhaust port.
A simulation test method for large-scale briquette coal underground gasification similar materials utilizes the large-scale briquette coal underground gasification similar material simulation test device, and comprises the following steps:
s1, assembling a gasification furnace, and paving a base plate at the bottom of a test space;
s2, paving similar materials in the test space, and constructing a simulation bottom plate, a simulation coal bed and a simulation top plate;
s3, arranging a gas injection channel and a gas exhaust channel in the simulated coal seam, connecting the gas injection channel and the gas exhaust channel, closing the gas exhaust channel, and performing a gas tightness test on the gasification furnace;
s4, arranging a temperature measurement thermocouple in the gasification furnace to monitor the temperature of the coal rock layer in the test space;
s5, arranging acoustic emission sensors at corner positions of the gasification furnace, and monitoring stress and damage conditions of the coal rock layer in the test space;
s6, arranging a stress sensor in the gasification furnace to monitor the coal rock stratum stress in the test space;
s7, simulating a coal bed gasification process;
s8, a monitoring unit acquires monitoring data in the gasification process;
s9, simulating the filling of the fuel empty area;
s10, dissecting the gasification furnace, observing the simulation top plate, the simulation bottom plate and the combustion space area.
Further preferably, the coal bed gasification process is optionally performed, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A1. simulation of air gasification process: the gasification channel is internally heated and ignited to simulate a coal bed through an ignition device; after ignition, an air compressor is used for introducing 0-10 m of air into the gasification furnace at normal temperature3The air/h lasts for 5-9h, and the components and the flow of the coal gas in the exhaust pipeline are monitored in real time;
A2. simulating the oxygen-enriched gasification process: the gasification channel is internally heated and ignited to simulate a coal bed through an ignition device; after ignition, the air compressor and the oxygen tank are jointly introduced into the gasification furnace at normal temperature, the oxygen concentration is 21-80%, and the flow rate is 1.5-5m3Gas of the pressure sensor lasts for 5-9h, and the components and the flow of the gas in the exhaust pipeline are monitored in real time;
A3. oxygen enrichment and steam gasification process simulation: the gasification channel is internally heated and ignited to simulate a coal bed through an ignition device; after ignition, the air compressor, the oxygen tank and the steam generator simultaneously introduce a gasifying agent with the oxygen concentration of 30-80% and the steam-oxygen mass of 0.5:1-2.5:1 into the gasifier at normal temperature, and monitor the components and flow of coal gas in an exhaust pipeline in real time;
A4. oxygen enrichment and carbon dioxide gasification process simulation: the gasification channel is internally heated and ignited to simulate a coal bed through an ignition device; after ignition, the air compressor, the oxygen tank and the carbon dioxide tank are together filled with a gasifying agent with the oxygen concentration of 30-80% and the mass of carbon dioxide and oxygen of 0.5:1-3:1 at normal temperature into the gasifier, and the components and the flow of the coal gas in the exhaust pipeline are monitored in real time.
Further preferably, the monitoring data includes: monitoring parameters of a gas flowmeter and a gas pressure meter on the gas injection pipeline, monitoring parameters of the gas flowmeter and the gas pressure meter on the gas exhaust pipeline, monitoring parameters of a gas chromatograph connected on the gas exhaust pipeline, and monitoring parameters of each temperature thermocouple, each acoustic emission sensor and each pressure sensor.
More preferably, the filling of the fuel empty area is divided into a plurality of filling sections along the length direction of the gasification furnace, and the filling devices sequentially fill from the opening on the top cover.
Further preferably, the gasifier dissection includes splitting the gasifier, cutting along the gasifier longitudinally, analyzing coal bed gasification residues, and analyzing thermal damage analysis of coal strata.
The simulation test device and the method for the large-scale coal underground gasification similar material have the advantages that:
(1) the gasifier is arranged to be a cuboid, so that the combustion and gas production phenomena of a coal bed in a long channel can be conveniently simulated, and a simulated top plate, a simulated coal bed and a simulated bottom plate are paved in the gasifier to simulate a real mining environment and a surrounding rock environment of the coal bed; in addition, the gasifier is simple in structure and convenient to install, and the monitoring unit can monitor a plurality of parameter processes of simulated gasification.
(2) The gas generated by the simulated gasification of the gasification furnace can be treated by the washing tank, the desulfurization tank and the decoking tank and then treated by the diffusion tower, so that the test safety is ensured, and the green environmental protection is realized; the test device can directly carry out filling simulation after simulating the gasification mining process, directly observe the expansion form of the combustion space area through the dissecting gasification furnace, determine the combustion and damage characteristics of the coal bed surrounding rock, and analyze the form and distribution of solid residues.
(3) The simulation test method for the large-scale coal underground gasification similar material can monitor the temperature, pressure and acoustic emission signal change condition of the coal bed surrounding rock in the underground gasification process more completely, can preserve the combustion space area completely, and can analyze the influence of the coal bed surrounding rock on coal bed gasification mining in time.
In addition, the device has the advantages of simple structure, low test cost, flexible test, visual realization result, convenience in operation and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a gasification furnace;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-scale briquette coal underground gasification similar material simulation test device
FIG. 3 is a side view of the gasification furnace;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a coal seam gasification process;
in the figure: 1-a top cover; 2-a first side plate; 3-a second side plate; 4-a backing plate; 5-a base; 6-gas injection port; 7-an exhaust port; 8-temperature thermocouple; 9-stainless steel corner connectors; 10-an acoustic emission sensor; 11-an air compressor; 12-gas chromatography; 13-gas pressure gauge; 14-a gas flow meter; 15-washing tank; 16-a devulcanizer; 17-a decoking tank; 18-a blow-off column; 19-a filling device; 20-an oxygen tank; 21-a carbon dioxide tank; 22-steam generator, 23-filling body, and 24-simulated coal seam.
Detailed Description
The specific embodiment of the simulation test device and method for large-scale briquette coal underground gasification similar material provided by the invention is described with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
A large-scale briquette coal underground gasification similar material simulation test device comprises a gasification furnace, a gasification agent preparation unit, a monitoring unit and a data processing unit, wherein the gasification agent preparation unit is connected through a gas injection port on the gasification furnace, and monitoring parameters are transmitted to the data processing unit by monitoring of the monitoring unit. The gasifier simulates the coal gasification mining process in a long channel, the gasifying agent provides gas required by simulating coal bed gasification for the gasification mining, the monitoring unit monitors gasification parameters in the gasification process, records rock stratum temperature change and acoustic emission signals in the gasification process, tests the influence of the gasifying agents with different proportions on the gasification process, and analyzes gas components and pollutants generated by gasification, so that the forms of a combustion space area and overlying strata of the gasifier are observed and researched more intuitively; the data processing unit can be a computer and records and processes the monitoring data.
The gasifier includes base 5, backing plate 4, first curb plate 2, second curb plate 3 and top cap 1, backing plate 4, first curb plate 2 and second curb plate 3 and top cap 1 enclose into inclosed cuboid test space, the test space is used for placing similar material, still install ignition in the test space, ignition ignites the simulation coal seam, be provided with gas injection mouth 6 and gas vent 7 on 2 relative second curb plates 3 that arrange respectively, be provided with a plurality of screws on 2 relative first curb plates that arrange. The top cover 1 is provided with a plurality of screw holes, the size of the top cover 1 can be 1840mm in length, 640mm in width and 20mm in thickness, the filling device 19 is connected with an opening on the top cover 1 of the gasification furnace, 11 large screw holes and 2 small screw holes are drilled on the top cover 1, the specific number is determined according to the size, the size of the large screw hole is M20mm, the interval between every two screw holes is 150mm, and the large screw hole is used for inserting a temperature measuring thermocouple or an acoustic emission sensor; the diameter of the small screw hole is M12mm, and the small screw holes with the interval of 1050mm are used for additionally installing the hanging ring. The top cover is connected with the side plate through bolts, and a screw hole and a sealing gasket are arranged at the joint. . The furnace body of the gasification furnace can be of a structure with the total length of 1840mm, the height of 870mm and the width of 640mm, so that the gasification process of a coal bed in a long channel can be simulated; wherein, one side of the gasification furnace is lifted to incline the whole gasification furnace, so that the gasification process of cleaning the coal bed can be simulated. The base plate is placed in the bottom in experimental space, and the base plate size can be that length is 1800mm, wide is 600mm, thick is 20mm, and the bottom plate is the cuboid structure, and its size can be that length is 1960mm, wide is 760mm, high is 200 mm.
The monitoring unit comprises a gas flowmeter 14, a gas pressure gauge 13, a temperature thermocouple 8, a gas chromatograph 12, an acoustic emission sensor 10 and a pressure sensor, the gas flowmeter 14, the gas pressure gauge 13 monitors the gas pressure and flow on the gas injection pipeline and the gas exhaust pipeline, the temperature thermocouple 8 is arranged on the gasification furnace through screw holes to monitor the temperature, the acoustic emission sensor 10 is arranged at the corner position of the gasification furnace through the screw holes to monitor overlying strata damage, the pressure sensor is arranged on the surface of the simulated overlying strata through the screw holes to monitor the surrounding rock stress, and the gas chromatograph monitors the components of the gas in the gas exhaust pipeline. The gas pressure gauges comprise gas pressure gauges arranged on the gas injection pipeline and the gas exhaust pipeline and are used for respectively monitoring the gas pressure of the injected gas and the gas pressure of the exhausted gas; the gas flow meters comprise gas flow meters arranged on the gas injection pipeline and the gas exhaust pipeline and are used for respectively monitoring the gas flow of the injected gas and the gas flow of the exhausted gas; the temperature thermocouple 8 adopts a k-type temperature thermocouple, is inserted into the gasification furnace through screw holes on the top cover and the side plate, and monitors the temperature in the gasification furnace; the gas chromatograph 12 is connected to the exhaust line, and performs component analysis on the generated gas; the acoustic emission sensor 10 is arranged on the side surface of the overlying strata in the gasifier through screw holes on the top cover and the side plates, and acoustic emission signals of the surface of the overlying strata are monitored; the pressure sensor is arranged on the side surface of the overburden rock in the gasification furnace through screw holes in the top cover and the side plate, the position of the pressure sensor is located at the corner of the gasification furnace body, high-temperature burning is prevented, and pressure change generated when coal seam surrounding rock is heated is monitored.
The structure of the gasification furnace is made of stainless steel materials, nickel is plated on the surface of the gasification furnace, and a hanging ring is arranged on the top cover 1. The top cover 1 is fixedly connected with the first side plate 2 and the second side plate 3 through bolts. The second side plates 3 are of cuboid structures, the length of each second side plate 3 can be 670mm, the width of each second side plate can be 640mm, and the thickness of each second side plate can be 20mm, gas injection ports and gas exhaust ports are respectively arranged on 2 second side plates 3, sealing gaskets are arranged at the joints of the gas injection ports 6 and the gas exhaust ports 7 and the side plates, and the positions of the gas injection ports 6 and the gas exhaust ports 7 are conveniently communicated with a simulated coal seam in a test space; first curb plate 2 is the cuboid structure, and its size can be that length is 1800mm, wide be 650mm, thick be 20mm, and this cuboid side is bored two rows each 11 screw, and the screw size is M20, and the interval between two horizontal screws is 150mm, and the interval between two vertical screws is 70mm, mountable temperature measurement thermocouple or acoustic emission sensor. The first side plate, the second side plate 3 and the base are connected through stainless steel angle codes, the 2 first side plates 2 are arranged in a manner of facing each other in the first direction, and the 2 second side plates 3 are arranged in a manner of facing each other in the second direction.
The gasifying agent preparation unit comprises an air compressor 11, a steam generator 22, an oxygen tank 20 and a carbon dioxide tank 21, wherein the air compressor 11, the steam generator 22, the oxygen tank 20 and the carbon dioxide tank 21 are respectively connected with a gas injection port through gas injection pipelines; wherein the air compressor can provide air, the steam generator 22 provides steam, the oxygen tank 20 supplies oxygen to the gas injection port, and the carbon dioxide tank 21 supplies carbon dioxide to the gas injection port.
A diffusing tower 18 is arranged at the outlet of the exhaust pipeline, and a washing tank 15, a desulfurizing tank 16 and a decoking tank 17 are also arranged on the exhaust pipeline between the diffusing tower 18 and the exhaust port 7. The gas dispersion unit consists of a dispersion tower, a washing tank, a desulfurization tank and a decoking tank, and the gas generated after gasification is ignited by the dispersion tower and is discharged into the air; the gas generated from the exhaust port passes through the washing tank 15, the desulfurizing tank 16 and the decoking tank 17 in sequence, and finally is combusted or discharged through the diffusing tower.
The gasifier is arranged to be a cuboid, so that the combustion and gas production phenomena of a coal bed in a long channel can be conveniently simulated, and a simulated top plate, a simulated coal bed and a simulated bottom plate are paved in the gasifier to simulate a real mining environment and a surrounding rock environment of the coal bed; in addition, the gasifier is simple in structure and convenient to install, and the monitoring unit can monitor a plurality of parameter processes of simulated gasification. The gas generated by the simulated gasification of the gasification furnace can be treated by the washing tank, the desulfurization tank and the decoking tank and then treated by the diffusion tower, so that the test safety is ensured, and the green environmental protection is realized; the test device can directly carry out filling simulation after simulating the gasification mining process, directly observe the expansion form of the combustion space area through the dissecting gasification furnace, determine the combustion and damage characteristics of the coal bed surrounding rock, and analyze the form and distribution of solid residues.
A simulation test method for large-scale briquette coal underground gasification similar materials utilizes the large-scale briquette coal underground gasification similar material simulation test device, and comprises the following steps:
s1, assembling a gasification furnace, and paving a base plate at the bottom of a test space; the connecting structure comprises a base, a base plate, a first side plate, a second side plate and a top cover, wherein the top cover, the first side plate and the second side plate are fixedly connected through bolts, and the first side plate, the second side plate and the base are connected through stainless steel corner connectors.
S2, paving similar materials in the test space, and constructing a simulation bottom plate, a simulation coal bed and a simulation top plate.
The maximum laying thickness of the similar materials of the simulated bottom plate is 160mm according to the size of the gasification furnace, the maximum laying thickness of the simulated coal bed is 230mm, and the maximum laying thickness of the similar materials of the simulated top plate is 210 mm.
The paving of the similar materials is to determine the gasified coal bed and the top floor rock stratum according to actual hydrogeological data, gasified coal bed drilling exploration data, drilling histogram and the like on site; performing rock mechanical test on the coal seam top and bottom plate rock stratum acquired on site to obtain related rock mechanical parameters; according to a similar principle theory, sand, cement, gypsum and the like are adopted to manufacture similar material standard parts for simulating rock stratums according to different material proportions, rock mechanical tests are carried out, and obtained test data are compared with mechanical parameters of on-site rocks to obtain the most appropriate similar material proportion; and preparing a top-bottom plate rock stratum similar material by proportioning. And laying the manufactured simulation bottom plate, the simulation coal bed and the simulation top plate on a base plate in the gasification furnace in sequence, and covering the base plate with a top cover.
And S3, arranging a gas injection channel and a gas exhaust channel in the simulated coal seam, connecting the gas injection channel and the gas exhaust channel, closing the gas exhaust channel, and performing a gas tightness test on the gasification furnace.
Related passages in the underground gasification process can be arranged in the gasification simulation coal seam, and comprise a gas injection passage capable of injecting a gasification agent, a gas exhaust passage for exhausting gas products and a gasification passage for combusting the gasification coal seam. The gas injection channel, the gas exhaust channel and the gasification channel in the simulated coal seam are circular channels, and the radius is 5-10 mm; the gas injection channel is connected with the gas injection port, and the exhaust channel is connected with the exhaust port. And closing an exhaust pipe of the gasification furnace, injecting gas from the gas injection port, and performing gasification furnace gas tightness test.
And S4, arranging a temperature measurement thermocouple in the gasification furnace to monitor the temperature of the coal rock layer in the test space.
Wherein, the temperature thermocouple is arranged in the gasification simulated coal seam and the simulated roof similar material by using a screw hole reserved on the gasification furnace side plate, the temperature thermocouple is horizontally inserted into the gasification furnace coal seam or the surrounding rock, and each measuring point can monitor the temperature value of the gasification coal seam or the roof similar material rock stratum at the height. The measuring rod of the temperature thermocouple is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel material, the length of the measuring rod can be selected from 50mm, 100mm, 150mm and 200mm, and the highest tolerance temperature is higher than 1000 ℃. The horizontal row-column spacing and the number of the temperature thermocouple measuring rods can be flexibly arranged according to screw holes reserved on the large side plate of the gasification furnace, and the spacing between every two screw holes is 150 mm.
And S5, arranging acoustic emission sensors at the corner positions of the gasification furnace, and monitoring the stress and damage conditions of the coal rock layer in the test space.
The acoustic emission sensor is arranged on the wall rock measuring surface of the gasification coal bed and is arranged at the corner position of the gasification furnace, so that high-temperature burning is prevented, and acoustic emission signal change of the wall rock can be monitored by each measuring point. The acoustic emission sensor is made of stainless steel material, and the maximum tolerant temperature is more than 500 ℃. The horizontal row-column spacing and the number of the acoustic emission sensors can be flexibly arranged according to the screw holes reserved on the large side plate of the channel gasification furnace, and the spacing between every two screw holes is 150 mm.
And S6, arranging a stress sensor in the gasification furnace to monitor the coal rock stratum stress in the test space.
Stress sensors are arranged in the gasification simulated coal seam and the simulated roof similar materials through screw holes reserved in the gasification furnace side plates, stress sensor equipment is buried in the gasification coal seam surrounding rock, and each measuring point can monitor the pressure change of the surrounding rock at the position where the surrounding rock is heated. The stress sensor is made of stainless steel material, and the maximum tolerance temperature is more than 500 ℃. The horizontal line-column spacing and the number of the stress sensors can be flexibly arranged according to the screw holes reserved on the large side plate of the channel gasification furnace, and the spacing between every two screw holes is 150 mm.
And S7, simulating a coal bed gasification process.
An ignition device is arranged in the gasification channel, and the ignition device ignites inflammable substances arranged around in a mode of heating the resistance wire by electrifying so as to ignite a nearby gasification coal bed. Meanwhile, a gasification agent is injected into the gasification channel through the gas injection pipeline, so that the gasified coal bed is continuously combusted and gasified, and the underground gasification process on site is simulated.
The coal seam gasification process is optionally carried out, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A1. simulation of air gasification process: the simulated coal is heated and ignited by an ignition device in the gasification channelA layer; after ignition, an air compressor is used for introducing 0-10 m of air into the gasification furnace at normal temperature3The air/h lasts for 5-9h, and the components and the flow of the coal gas in the exhaust pipeline are monitored in real time; wherein the monitored gas composition and flow rate determine the process parameters suitable for the air gasification process.
A2. Simulating the oxygen-enriched gasification process: the gasification channel is internally heated and ignited to simulate a coal bed through an ignition device; after ignition, the air compressor and the oxygen tank are jointly introduced into the gasification furnace at normal temperature, the oxygen concentration is 21-80%, and the flow rate is 1.5-5m3And (5) continuously monitoring the composition and the flow of the coal gas in the exhaust pipeline in real time for 5-9 h. Wherein the monitored gas components and flow can determine the technological parameters suitable for the oxygen-enriched gasification process.
A3. Oxygen enrichment and steam gasification process simulation: the gasification channel is internally heated and ignited to simulate a coal bed through an ignition device; after ignition, the air compressor, the oxygen tank and the steam generator are introduced into the gasifier together with a gasifying agent with the oxygen concentration of 30-80% and the steam-oxygen mass of 0.5:1-2.5:1 at normal temperature, the components and flow of the coal gas in the exhaust pipeline are monitored in real time, and the monitored components and flow of the coal gas, the oxygen-enriched concentration, the flow and the carbon-oxygen ratio can obtain the process parameters suitable for the oxygen-enriched and steam gasification process.
A4. Oxygen enrichment and carbon dioxide gasification process simulation: the gasification channel is internally heated and ignited to simulate a coal bed through an ignition device; after ignition, the air compressor, the oxygen tank and the carbon dioxide tank are introduced into the gasification furnace together with a gasification agent with the oxygen concentration of 30-80% and the mass of carbon dioxide and oxygen of 0.5:1-3:1 at normal temperature, the components and flow of the coal gas in the exhaust pipeline are monitored in real time, and the components and flow, the oxygen-enriched concentration, the flow and the carbon-oxygen ratio of the coal gas are monitored to obtain the carbon-oxygen mixture suitable for oxygen enrichment and CO2Process parameters of the gasification process.
And S8, the monitoring unit acquires monitoring data in the gasification process.
The monitoring data includes: monitoring parameters of a gas flowmeter and a gas pressure meter on the gas injection pipeline, monitoring parameters of the gas flowmeter and the gas pressure meter on the gas exhaust pipeline, monitoring parameters of a gas chromatograph connected on the gas exhaust pipeline, and monitoring parameters of each temperature thermocouple, each acoustic emission sensor and each pressure sensor.
The temperature monitoring in the gasifier is realized by temperature thermocouples arranged on a top cover and a side plate of the gasifier, so that the temperature monitoring of a gasified coal bed and coal bed overburden is completed; monitoring acoustic emission signals of the inner surface of the surrounding rock is completed by using an acoustic emission sensor arranged on the surface of the surrounding rock in the gasifier; the pressure signal monitoring uses a stress sensor arranged on the surface of surrounding rock in the gasification furnace to monitor the pressure change of the surrounding rock caused by heating.
And S9, simulating the filling of the combustion space area.
The filling of the fuel empty area is divided into a plurality of filling sections along the length direction of the gasification furnace, and the filling devices are filled in sequence from the opening on the top cover. After the simulated underground gasification process is finished, filling work of the gasification furnace combustion space area can be carried out. The filling pipelines of the filling device are respectively connected with the filling holes on the top cover, so that the interval filling can be realized, and the gasification furnace can be filled in a sectional mode. When filling, the first filling device is used for filling until the filling overflows, then the second filling device is used for filling, and the following steps are carried out sequentially.
S10, dissecting the gasification furnace, observing the simulation top plate, the simulation bottom plate and the combustion space area.
The gasifier dissection comprises the steps of splitting the gasifier, cutting along the gasifier longitudinally, analyzing coal bed gasification residues and analyzing the thermal damage of coal strata.
After the experiment is finished, the gasification furnace can be detached, and the simulated gasification simulated coal bed and similar materials are subjected to gouging removal. The cutting section is cut along the length direction of the gasification furnace to cut similar materials and the gasification coal bed to the required degree, the longitudinal sections of the gasification coal bed and the top and bottom plates disclosed after the cutting can be observed, and the expansion rule of the underground coal gasification combustion space area, the morphological analysis of gasification residues, the rock stratum thermal damage and collapse characteristics and the like can be more intuitively researched.
The test method can monitor the temperature, pressure and acoustic emission signal change condition of the coal bed surrounding rock in the underground gasification process completely, can well store the combustion space area, and can analyze the influence of coal bed gasification mining on the coal bed surrounding rock in time.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A large-scale coal underground gasification similar material simulation test device is characterized by comprising a gasification furnace, a gasification agent preparation unit, a monitoring unit and a data processing unit, wherein the gasification agent preparation unit is connected with the gasification furnace through a gas injection port on the gasification furnace;
the gasifier comprises a base, a base plate, a first side plate, a second side plate and a top cover, wherein the base plate, the first side plate, the second side plate and the top cover enclose a closed cuboid test space, an ignition device is further installed in the test space, 2 second side baffles which are arranged oppositely are respectively provided with a gas injection port and a gas exhaust port, 2 first side plates which are arranged oppositely are provided with a plurality of screw holes, the top cover is provided with a plurality of screw holes, and a filling device is connected with an opening in the top cover of the gasifier;
the monitoring unit includes gas flowmeter, gas pressure gauge, temperature thermocouple, gas chromatograph, acoustic emission sensor and pressure sensor, gas flowmeter, gas pressure gauge monitor gas injection pipeline and the atmospheric pressure and the flow on the exhaust pipe, temperature thermocouple passes through the screw configuration and monitors the temperature on the gasifier, acoustic emission sensor passes through the corner position monitoring overburden destruction of screw configuration at the gasifier, pressure sensor passes through the screw configuration and monitors the country rock stress at the surface monitoring of simulation overburden, gaseous component in the gas chromatograph monitoring exhaust pipe.
2. The large-scale briquette coal underground gasification similar material simulation test device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the structure of the gasification furnace is made of stainless steel material and is plated with nickel on the surface, and a top cover is provided with a lifting ring; the top cover, the first side plate and the second side plate are fixedly connected through bolts.
3. The large-scale briquette coal underground gasification similar material simulation test device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first side plate, the second side plate and the base are connected through stainless steel angle braces, 2 first side plates are arranged in a manner of facing in a first direction, and 2 second side plates are arranged in a manner of facing in a second direction.
4. The large-scale coal underground gasification similar material simulation test device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gasifying agent preparation unit comprises an air compressor, a steam generator, an oxygen tank and a carbon dioxide tank, and the air compressor, the steam generator, the oxygen tank and the carbon dioxide tank are respectively connected with the gas injection port through gas injection pipelines.
5. The large-scale coal underground gasification similar material simulation test device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a diffusion tower is arranged at the outlet of the exhaust pipeline, and a washing tank, a desulfurization tank and a decoking tank are further arranged on the exhaust pipeline between the diffusion tower and the exhaust port.
6. A simulation test method for large-scale briquette coal underground gasification similar materials is characterized in that the simulation test device for large-scale briquette coal underground gasification similar materials, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 5, is utilized, and the steps comprise:
s1, assembling a gasification furnace, and paving a base plate at the bottom of a test space;
s2, paving similar materials in the test space, and constructing a simulation bottom plate, a simulation coal bed and a simulation top plate;
s3, arranging a gas injection channel and a gas exhaust channel in the simulated coal seam, connecting the gas injection channel and the gas exhaust channel, closing the gas exhaust channel, and performing a gas tightness test on the gasification furnace;
s4, arranging a temperature measurement thermocouple in the gasification furnace to monitor the temperature of the coal rock layer in the test space;
s5, arranging acoustic emission sensors at corner positions of the gasification furnace, and monitoring stress and damage conditions of the coal rock layer in the test space;
s6, arranging a stress sensor in the gasification furnace to monitor the coal rock stratum stress in the test space;
s7, simulating a coal bed gasification process;
s8, a monitoring unit acquires monitoring data in the gasification process;
s9, simulating the filling of the fuel empty area;
s10, dissecting the gasification furnace, observing the simulation top plate, the simulation bottom plate and the combustion space area.
7. The simulation test method for the large-scale coal underground gasification similar material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the coal bed gasification process is optionally performed, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A1. simulation of air gasification process: the gasification channel is internally heated and ignited to simulate a coal bed through an ignition device; after ignition, an air compressor is used for introducing 0-10 m of air into the gasification furnace at normal temperature3The air/h lasts for 5-9h, and the components and the flow of the coal gas in the exhaust pipeline are monitored in real time;
A2. simulating the oxygen-enriched gasification process: the gasification channel is internally heated and ignited to simulate a coal bed through an ignition device; after ignition, the air compressor and the oxygen tank are jointly introduced into the gasification furnace at normal temperature, the oxygen concentration is 21-80%, and the flow rate is 1.5-5m3Gas of the pressure sensor lasts for 5-9h, and the components and the flow of the gas in the exhaust pipeline are monitored in real time;
A3. oxygen enrichment and steam gasification process simulation: the gasification channel is internally heated and ignited to simulate a coal bed through an ignition device; after ignition, the air compressor, the oxygen tank and the steam generator simultaneously introduce a gasifying agent with the oxygen concentration of 30-80% and the steam-oxygen mass of 0.5:1-2.5:1 into the gasifier at normal temperature, and monitor the components and flow of coal gas in an exhaust pipeline in real time;
A4. oxygen enrichment and carbon dioxide gasification process simulation: the gasification channel is internally heated and ignited to simulate a coal bed through an ignition device; after ignition, the air compressor, the oxygen tank and the carbon dioxide tank are together filled with a gasifying agent with the oxygen concentration of 30-80% and the mass of carbon dioxide and oxygen of 0.5:1-3:1 at normal temperature into the gasifier, and the components and the flow of the coal gas in the exhaust pipeline are monitored in real time.
8. The simulation test method for the large-scale coal underground gasification similar material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the monitoring data comprises: monitoring parameters of a gas flowmeter and a gas pressure meter on the gas injection pipeline, monitoring parameters of the gas flowmeter and the gas pressure meter on the gas exhaust pipeline, monitoring parameters of a gas chromatograph connected on the gas exhaust pipeline, and monitoring parameters of each temperature thermocouple, each acoustic emission sensor and each pressure sensor.
9. The simulation test method for the large-scale briquette coal underground gasification similar material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the filling of the combustion space area is divided into a plurality of filling sections along the length direction of the gasification furnace, and the filling devices are sequentially filled from the opening on the top cover.
10. The simulation test method for large-scale coal underground gasification similar materials as claimed in claim 6, wherein the dissection of the gasification furnace comprises the disassembly of the gasification furnace, cutting along the longitudinal direction of the gasification furnace, analyzing coal bed gasification residues, and analyzing thermal damage of coal strata.
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