CN112647137A - Physical and chemical combined preparation method of bamboo shoot shell fibers - Google Patents
Physical and chemical combined preparation method of bamboo shoot shell fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN112647137A CN112647137A CN202011243549.5A CN202011243549A CN112647137A CN 112647137 A CN112647137 A CN 112647137A CN 202011243549 A CN202011243549 A CN 202011243549A CN 112647137 A CN112647137 A CN 112647137A
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
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- D01C1/02—Treatment of vegetable material by chemical methods to obtain bast fibres
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Abstract
The invention relates to a physical and chemical combined preparation method of bamboo shoot shell fibers, which specifically comprises the following steps: 1. performing warm water treatment on the bamboo shoot shells to obtain warm water-treated bamboo shoot shells; 2. carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the bamboo shoot shells treated by warm water to obtain the bamboo shoot shells subjected to ultrasonic treatment, taking out the bamboo shoot shells, washing the bamboo shoot shells to be neutral, and drying the bamboo shoot shells to obtain the bamboo shoot shells subjected to ultrasonic treatment; 3. treating the bamboo shoot shells subjected to ultrasonic treatment by using a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide to obtain a primary bamboo shoot shell fiber finished product; 4. and washing the bamboo shoot shell fibers with deionized water to be neutral and drying the bamboo shoot shell fibers to obtain the bamboo shoot shell fibers. The bamboo shoot shell fiber belongs to natural plant fiber, has high yield and low utilization rate, and can relieve the problem of short raw material requirement by reasonably utilizing and extracting the fiber. The waste liquid that traditional acid pretreatment produced is unfavorable for the environmental protection, replaces traditional acid pretreatment bamboo shoot shell fibre with the ultrasonic wave and comes unstuck efficient, environmental protection cleanness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of degumming of bamboo shoot shells, in particular to a physical and chemical combined preparation method of bamboo shoot shell fibers.
Background
Bamboo shoot shells belong to bast fibers and are natural plant fibers, so far, a great amount of reports are made on degumming of bast fibers, but because the content of colloid in the bamboo shoot shell fibers is high, people usually use the traditional processes of high-temperature soda boiling, bleaching and the like to carry out degumming on the bast fibers, the degumming time is too long, the waste liquid pollutes the environment, and the obtained fibers cannot achieve the expected performance. Because hemicellulose is easy to dissolve and cellulose is not easy to dissolve in an alkaline environment, the hemicellulose can be effectively removed under the alkaline condition, and hydrogen peroxide can not only effectively remove lignin, but also play a role in bleaching fibers. Then, the bamboo shoot shells are pretreated by ultrasonic waves to enable the structures of the bamboo shoot shells to be loose, then the bamboo shoot shells are treated under an alkaline condition, and proper stirring is carried out during the period of adding hydrogen peroxide solution, so that bubbles generated by hydrogen peroxide are prevented from generating upward force to push fibers to move from bottom to top, and external force stirring is needed to enable the fibers to be fully contacted with the solution. The bamboo shoot shell fiber with high degumming rate can be obtained under the condition, and the fiber quality is good. The degumming mode is suitable for degumming most of hemp fibers.
In order to shorten the process flow and reduce the use of alkaline reagents, a degumming auxiliary agent can be added in the degumming process, sodium silicate has a protective effect on cellulose, sodium tripolyphosphate can accelerate the puffing of bamboo shoot shells, and sodium bisulfite can effectively remove lignin and has a certain protective effect on cellulose. The dosage of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide in the alkali-oxygen bath degumming process plays a crucial role in the degumming effect, and in order to obtain the bamboo shoot shell fiber with better quality, proper alkali and hydrogen peroxide concentrations need to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a physical and chemical combined preparation method of bamboo shoot shell fibers.
The physical and chemical combined preparation method of the bamboo shoot shell fiber comprises the following steps:
step 1, performing warm water treatment on bamboo shoot shells to obtain warm water-treated bamboo shoot shells;
step 2, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the bamboo shoot shells treated by the warm water to obtain the bamboo shoot shells subjected to the ultrasonic treatment, taking out the bamboo shoot shells, washing the bamboo shoot shells to be neutral, and drying the bamboo shoot shells to obtain the bamboo shoot shells subjected to the ultrasonic treatment;
step 3, treating the bamboo shoot shell subjected to ultrasonic treatment by using a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide at a bath ratio of 1:30-50, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 20-25g/l, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 20-25ml/l, the treatment temperature is 90-100 ℃, and the treatment time is 130-160min, so as to obtain a primary bamboo shoot shell fiber finished product;
and 4, washing the primary bamboo shoot shell fiber finished product by adopting 1-3ml/l of sulfuric acid solution for 3-5min, washing the primary bamboo shoot shell fiber finished product by using deionized water to be neutral, and drying the primary bamboo shoot shell fiber finished product to obtain the bamboo shoot shell fiber.
Further, the bath ratio in the step 3 is 1: 40.
Further, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide in the step 3 is 20 g/l.
Further, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide in the step 3 is 28 ml/l.
Further, the treatment temperature in the step 3 is 95 ℃.
Further, the treatment time in the step 3 is 2.5 h.
Further, the warm water in the step 1 is 50 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the bamboo shoot shell fiber belongs to natural plant fiber, has high yield and low utilization rate, and can relieve the problem of short raw material requirement by reasonably utilizing and extracting the fiber. 2. The waste liquid that traditional acid pretreatment produced is unfavorable for the environmental protection, replaces traditional acid pretreatment bamboo shoot shell fibre with the ultrasonic wave and comes unstuck efficient, environmental protection cleanness. 3. The degumming effect of the bamboo shoot shells subjected to single ultrasonic treatment is not obvious, and the subsequent degumming effect is better by adding a certain amount of sodium hydroxide in the ultrasonic process and utilizing the hollow effect generated by ultrasonic. 4. The degumming is influenced by uneven contact of the reagent and the raw material in the alkali-oxygen treatment process, and the addition of the auxiliary agent in the degumming process can increase the contact of the alkali liquor and the raw material and improve the degumming efficiency. 5. The multiple soda boiling bleaching has the problems of complex process and long time consumption, the multiple soda boiling process flow can be shortened by using an alkali oxygen-bath method, the time cost is saved, the waste liquid is easy to recover, and the environmental protection is facilitated.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
The process flow of the invention is as follows: bamboo shoot shell → warm water treatment → ultrasonic treatment → water washing → alkali oxygen-bath treatment → acid washing → water washing → drying → bamboo shoot shell fiber.
Bamboo shoot shells are soaked in warm water at 50 ℃ to remove impurities and fluff on the surfaces, then ultrasonic pretreatment is carried out at the bath ratio of 1:40 and the temperature of 45 ℃ and the ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz, after 20min, 3g/l of sodium hydroxide is added to wash the bamboo shoot shells to be neutral, and then alkali-oxygen bath treatment is carried out, so that the degumming rate of the fibers is 56.98-64.48%.
(1) Selection of ultrasound time
The method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out ultrasonic treatment on bamboo shoot shells for 20min at a bath ratio of 1:40 and a temperature of 45 ℃ and an ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz, then adding 1g/l of sodium hydroxide, and then respectively carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min and 70min to wash the bamboo shoot shells to be neutral and dry the bamboo shoot shells, so that the degumming rate of the bamboo shoot shell fibers is 15.5% at the maximum when the ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 50 min.
(2) Selection of sodium hydroxide concentration in sonication
The method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out ultrasonic treatment on bamboo shoot shells for 20min at the bath ratio of 1:40 and the ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz, then adding sodium hydroxide with the concentration of 1g/l, 2g/l, 3g/l, 4g/l and 5g/l, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 50min, washing to be neutral and drying, and obtaining the bamboo shoot shell fiber with the sodium hydroxide dosage of 3g/l, wherein the degumming rate of the bamboo shoot shell fiber is 15.5% at most.
(3) Selection of the amount of sodium hydroxide
In the experiment, sodium hydroxide with different mass concentrations is adopted to degum bamboo shoot shells at the bath ratio of 1:40 and the temperature of 90 ℃, the sodium hydroxide with different mass concentrations is respectively 12g/l, 14g/l, 16g/l, 18g/l, 20g/l, 22g/l and 24g/l, 20ml/l of hydrogen peroxide solution is added, the amount of sodium silicate is 2% of the mass of the raw materials, the amount of sodium bisulfite is 2% of the mass of the raw materials, the amount of sodium tripolyphosphate is 3% of the mass of the raw materials, the raw materials are taken out after being boiled for 2.5 hours, and then the raw materials are degummed by a bath ratio of 1: washing with 20, 2ml/l sulfuric acid solution for 3-5min, washing with deionized water to neutrality, and oven drying at 70 deg.C. The degumming rates of the bamboo shoot shell fibers after the sodium hydroxide treatment are respectively measured, and experimental results show that when the sodium hydroxide is used in an amount of 20g/l, the fiber degumming rate is high, the fineness is fine, the quality is good, along with the increase of the sodium hydroxide content, the removal amount of fiber colloid is slow, the waste liquid is not beneficial to recycling, and in sum, the degumming rate is 69.5% when the sodium hydroxide is used in an amount of 20 g/l.
(4) Selection of the amount of hydrogen peroxide
The hydrogen peroxide can effectively remove lignin and has certain bleaching effect on fibers, in the experimental process, sodium hydroxide with the bath ratio of 1:40, the temperature of 90 ℃, 20g/l, the hydrogen peroxide concentration of 12ml/l, 16ml/l, 20ml/l, 24ml/l, 28ml/l, 32ml/l and 36ml/l is adopted, the sodium silicate consumption is 2% of the raw material mass, the sodium bisulfite consumption is 2% of the raw material mass, the sodium tripolyphosphate consumption is 3% of the raw material mass, the sodium tripolyphosphate is taken out after being steamed and boiled for 2.5 hours, and then the liquor ratio of the liquor is 1: washing with 20, 2ml/l sulfuric acid solution for 3-5min, washing with deionized water to neutrality, and oven drying at 70 deg.C. The influence of hydrogen peroxide on the whiteness of degummed fibers. The results show that: the whiteness of the fiber is 70% of softening degumming rate compared with the whiteness of the white fiber when the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 28 ml/l.
(5) Selection of degumming temperature
Changing the temperature which is a single variable, adding 20g/l of sodium hydroxide and 20ml/l of hydrogen peroxide solution, wherein the dosage of sodium silicate is 2% of the mass of the raw material, the dosage of sodium bisulfite is 2% of the mass of the raw material, and the dosage of sodium tripolyphosphate is 3% of the mass of the raw material, and respectively setting a series of temperature gradients: 80 deg.C, 85 deg.C, 90 deg.C, 95 deg.C, 100 deg.C. And taking out after steaming for 2.5h, and then carrying out heat treatment on the mixture by using a bath ratio of 1: washing with 20, 2ml/l sulfuric acid solution for 3-5min, washing with deionized water to neutrality, and oven drying at 70 deg.C. The degumming condition of the fiber under different temperature conditions is respectively measured. The results show that: in the alkaline oxygen-bath degumming, the degumming effect is better and better along with the increase of the temperature, but the degumming effect is weakened along with the increase of the temperature after the temperature reaches 95 ℃, which is caused by that hydrogen peroxide is extremely unstable and easy to decompose in a high-temperature environment. By examining the relevant literature and many experiments, we found that the optimum temperature was 95 ℃ and the degumming rate was 64%.
(6) Selection of degumming time
On the basis of the experiment, 20g/l of sodium hydroxide and 20ml/l of hydrogen peroxide solution are added, the amount of sodium silicate is 2% of the mass of the raw materials, the amount of sodium bisulfite is 2% of the mass of the raw materials, and the amount of sodium tripolyphosphate is 3% of the mass of the raw materials, and different alkali boiling times are respectively set by changing the unique variable of the alkali-oxygen bath degumming time: 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h, 2h, 2.5h and 3 h. Taking out after steaming for 2.5h, and then carrying out heat treatment on the mixture by using a bath ratio of 1: washing with 20, 2ml/l sulfuric acid solution for 3-5min, washing with deionized water to neutrality, and oven drying at 70 deg.C. And (4) respectively measuring the degumming conditions of the fiber after being cooked at different times. The experimental result shows that the degumming rate is gradually increased along with the time, the degumming rate is 63% higher in 2.5h, the degumming rate is gradually slowed down along with the time increase, and 2.5h is selected as the optimal degumming time under the comprehensive analysis in consideration of the principle of saving time and cost.
The foregoing is illustrative of the best mode of the invention and details not described herein are within the common general knowledge of a person of ordinary skill in the art. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and any equivalent modifications based on the technical teaching of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The physical and chemical combined preparation method of the bamboo shoot shell fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, performing warm water treatment on bamboo shoot shells to obtain warm water-treated bamboo shoot shells;
step 2, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the bamboo shoot shells treated by the warm water to obtain the bamboo shoot shells subjected to the ultrasonic treatment, taking out the bamboo shoot shells, washing the bamboo shoot shells to be neutral, and drying the bamboo shoot shells to obtain the bamboo shoot shells subjected to the ultrasonic treatment;
step 3, treating the bamboo shoot shell subjected to ultrasonic treatment by using a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide at a bath ratio of 1:30-50, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 20-25g/l, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 20-25ml/l, the treatment temperature is 90-100 ℃, and the treatment time is 130-160min, so as to obtain a primary bamboo shoot shell fiber finished product;
and 4, washing the primary bamboo shoot shell fiber finished product by adopting 1-3ml/l of sulfuric acid solution for 3-5min, washing the primary bamboo shoot shell fiber finished product by using deionized water to be neutral, and drying the primary bamboo shoot shell fiber finished product to obtain the bamboo shoot shell fiber.
2. The physicochemical combined preparation method of bamboo shoot shell fiber according to claim 1, wherein the bath ratio in step 3 is 1: 40.
3. The physicochemical combined preparation method of bamboo shoot shell fiber according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of sodium hydroxide in step 3 is 20 g/l.
4. The physicochemical combined preparation method of bamboo shoot shell fiber according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in step 3 is 28 ml/l.
5. The physicochemical combined preparation method of bamboo shoot shell fiber according to claim 1, wherein the treatment temperature in step 3 is 95 ℃.
6. The physicochemical combined preparation method of bamboo shoot shell fiber according to claim 1, wherein the treatment time in step 3 is 2.5 h.
7. The physicochemical combined preparation method of bamboo shoot shell fiber according to claim 1, wherein the warm water in step 1 is 50 ℃.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115012045A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-06 | 安徽工程大学 | Ultrasonic-assisted chemical degumming process for bamboo shoot shell fibers |
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| CN102660779A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-09-12 | 天津工业大学 | Production method of carex meyeriana fiber |
| CN102839198A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2012-12-26 | 东南大学 | Method for enhancing alkaline hydrogen peroxide to pretreat lignocellulose by ultrasonic wave |
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115012045A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-06 | 安徽工程大学 | Ultrasonic-assisted chemical degumming process for bamboo shoot shell fibers |
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Application publication date: 20210413 |