CN112646741B - Bacillus subtilis subspecies desertae S2 and application thereof - Google Patents

Bacillus subtilis subspecies desertae S2 and application thereof Download PDF

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CN112646741B
CN112646741B CN202011515427.7A CN202011515427A CN112646741B CN 112646741 B CN112646741 B CN 112646741B CN 202011515427 A CN202011515427 A CN 202011515427A CN 112646741 B CN112646741 B CN 112646741B
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刘宝同
梁晶晶
张婷婷
秦朋
梁奕
张宗国
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Qingdao Shangde Biotechnology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a bacillus subtilis subspecies deserticola S2 and application thereof. The Bacillus subtilis desert subspecies S2 is classified and named as Bacillus subtilis with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19824, the bacterial colony is light yellow and round, the surface is dry and semitransparent, the edge is irregular and radial, and the diameter is 2.5-3.5 mm; the thallus is rod-shaped, 0.6-1.0 μm × 1.3-3.3 μm, arranged singly or in pairs, and has cylindrical shape of spore, middle growth and no expansion of cyst. The bacillus subtilis S2 has good flocculation and high indoleacetic acid yield capability, can be prepared into bacterial liquid and directly sprayed into an aquaculture pond, has good purification effect, and has outstanding effect particularly on improving algal facies, flocculating organic matters and inhibiting vibrios, thereby having good application prospect in aquaculture.

Description

Bacillus subtilis subspecies desertae S2 and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to a bacillus subtilis subspecies deserticola S2 and application thereof.
Background
The position of aquatic products serving as excellent protein sources in diet consumption is increased year by year, so that the vigorous development of aquaculture industry is promoted, but the aquaculture yield is obviously restricted by time and space and is greatly influenced by seasonality, water body area and diseases. In recent years, various intensive high-density culture modes in different forms and culture practitioners in different regions make a lot of innovative groceries according to local conditions. However, the low rate of culture caused by water pollution has no good solution all the time, and the microecological preparation is a commodity product from nature and is an uncommon ecological treatment mode for treating the water pollution of aquaculture. At present, the production and application of microecologics are standardized year by year, the problem that good strains are selected for obtaining good products is solved firstly, and clear strain sources and species, even subspecies identification and biological safety evaluation are indispensable.
The microbial ecological agent has the advantages of microbial ecological agents, namely, adjusting the balance of bacteria and algae in water, improving the self-cleaning capacity of water, solving the problems of pathogenic bacteria propagation and the like by using ecological methods instead of antibiotics and disinfectants. At present, common microecologics for treating aquaculture water quality and diseases in the market are single in effect, narrow in use scene and uneven in effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve and overcome the problems and the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 and application thereof, wherein the bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 has flocculation, indoleacetic acid production and bacteriostasis capabilities, and has the effects of promoting the growth of aquatic algae and inhibiting pathogenic bacteria.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a Bacillus subtilis desert subspecies S2 which is named as Bacillus subtilis by classification, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 19824.
Furthermore, the bacterial colony of the bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 is light yellow and round, has dry and semitransparent surface, irregular and radial edges and 2.5-3.5mm diameter; the thallus is rod-shaped, 0.6-1.0 μm × 1.3-3.3 μm, arranged singly or in pairs, and has cylindrical shape of spore, middle growth and no expansion of cyst.
Furthermore, the growth temperature range of the bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 is 10-40 ℃, and the growth salinity range is 0-50 per mill.
Furthermore, the optimal growth temperature range of the bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 is 20-30 ℃, and the optimal growth salinity range is 0-20 per mill.
Furthermore, the bacillus subtilis subspecies deserticola S2 has good flocculation capability.
Furthermore, the bacillus subtilis subspecies deserticola S2 has good capability of producing indole acetic acid.
The invention also provides application of the bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 in preparation of a microbial agent for improving aquaculture water.
Further, when in application, the bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 is prepared into a spore with the spore content of 100-150 multiplied by 108And (3) directly spraying the CFU/mL bacterial liquid into the aquaculture water body by using the dosage of 250-350 mL/mu-meter.
Further, the spore content of the bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 bacterial liquid is 100-150 multiplied by 108CFU/mL, the spore rate is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the spore maturity is more than 90 percent.
Further, the preparation method of the bacillus subtilis desert subspecies S2 bacterial liquid comprises the following steps: inoculating the bacillus subtilis S2 to a culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 1%, and performing shake culture at 37 ℃ and 200r/min for 24-30 h to obtain the bacillus subtilis S2 bacterial liquid.
Furthermore, the formula of the culture medium comprises 33-36 g of soybean meal, 2-3 g of corn steep liquor, 25-30 g of glucose, 1.5-2 g of sodium chloride, 0.2-0.3 g of manganese sulfate, 1-1.5 g of defoaming agent, 7-8 g of neutral protease and 1L of distilled water.
Furthermore, the bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 can improve the transparency of the aquaculture water body.
Furthermore, the bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 can increase the number of chlorella and diatom algae cells in aquaculture water and reduce the number of euglena and dinoflagellate cells and the number of vibrio in water.
The invention also provides application of the bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 in preparation of a microbial agent for inhibiting pathogenic bacteria of aquatic animals.
Further, the pathogenic bacteria comprise vibrio aquatic organisms, vibrio harveyi and photobacterium mermairei.
The invention also provides application of the bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 in preparation of a microbial agent for producing indoleacetic acid by fermentation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and the technical effects that:
the bacillus subtilis desert subspecies S2 is obtained by screening healthy penaeus vannamei intestinal tracts, has high indoleacetic acid yield, has polymerization sites on the surfaces of thalli, can combine with flocculated water organic matters, has pathogenic bacteria inhibiting components in secreted products, has good water purification effect after being applied to ecologically unbalanced penaeus vannamei culture ponds, and particularly has outstanding effect on improving algal facies, flocculating organic matters and inhibiting vibrios, the ratio of the number of chlorella cells to the number of diatom cells in water is increased by 50%, the ratio of euglena cells to dinoflagellate cells is reduced, the number of vibrios such as vibrio harveyi and mermaid photobacterium is reduced by more than 70%, the transparency of culture water is restored, and the effect is remarkably superior to other strains of bacillus subtilis, so the bacillus subtilis desert subspecies S2 has very good application prospect in aquaculture.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the flocculation results of the strains;
FIG. 2 is a colony morphology of Bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2;
FIG. 3 shows the microscopic morphology of Bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 under a scanning electron microscope;
FIG. 4 shows a phylogenetic tree of Bacillus subtilis S2 and gyrB gene sequences of related species;
FIG. 5 is an evaluation of indole acetic acid producing ability of Bacillus subtilis S2;
FIG. 6 shows the water transparency change after the Bacillus subtilis desert subspecies S2 bacterial liquid is used;
FIG. 7 shows the removal rate of Vibrio in water after Bacillus subtilis S2 bacterial liquid is used;
FIG. 8 shows the zone of inhibition of Bacillus subtilis S2 bacteria liquid on Vibrio harveyi;
FIG. 9 shows the bacteriostasis zone of Bacillus subtilis desert subspecies S2 bacteria liquid on mermaid photobacterium.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples.
In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used were all conventional methods, and materials, reagents and the like used were all available from biological or chemical reagents companies.
Example 1 isolation, screening and identification of Bacillus subtilis S2 deposit
1. Separation, screening and purification of Bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2
10g of aquaculture soil sludge in Takaguchi region is taken, the aquaculture soil is shaken in a shaking table at 150r/min for 30min at 30 ℃ in 90mL of sterile water, the soil suspension is taken and inoculated into a conical flask containing a basic culture medium according to the volume ratio of 5 percent, and the shaking table is used for culturing for 24h at constant temperature of 30 ℃ and 150 rpm. And (3) selecting a ring of fermentation liquid, streaking and separating on the surface of the TSA culture medium, and carrying out inverted culture in a constant-temperature incubator at 30 ℃ for multiple times until a single colony is separated.
The purified single strains were inoculated into a medium containing 100mL of seed medium (peptone 5g, yeast powder 1g, K)2HPO4 1g,MgSO4·7H20.5g of O, 5g of soluble starch, 1L of distilled water and pH of 7.4-7.6) in a 250mL triangular flask, carrying out shaking culture at 30 ℃ for 24h at a constant temperature of 150r/min, and determining the flocculation activity of the obtained culture solution.
The determination method of the flocculation activity comprises the following steps: 0.5g of kaolin, 80mL of distilled water and 2mL of 10g/L CaCl are added into a 100mL colorimetric cylinder2And 2mL of culture solution, then adding distilled water to 100mL of scale mark, quickly shaking for 10 times respectively, standing for 30s, slowly shaking for 20 times, standing for 5min, and taking supernatant to determine absorbance at 550nm of a spectrophotometer. Setting blank control group, wherein the control group is kaolin suspension without culture solution to determine the content of the culture solutionDegree of flocculation. Flocculation rate E (%) [ (A-B)/A]X 100%, wherein A is the absorbance of the control supernatant at 550 nm; b is the absorbance of the sample supernatant at 550 nm. After flocculation comparison of different strain culture solutions (figure 1), the strain with the best flocculation effect is selected, the flocculation rate can reach 71.1 percent, and the strain is named as S2.
2. Identification of Bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2
(1) Physiological and biochemical identification of strain S2
Further culturing the strain S2 in a TSA culture medium, and then determining the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the strain according to physiological and biochemical detection methods in Bergey bacteria identification manual and common bacteria system identification manual, wherein the strain S2 has wide salinity, can grow within the salinity range of 0-50 per mill, and has the optimal growth salinity of 0-20 per mill; can normally grow at the temperature of 10-40 ℃, and the optimal growth temperature is 20-30 ℃.
As shown in Table 1, the bacterial strain S2 was found to be positive in the reactions of beta-xylosidase, phenylalanine arylaminase, tyrosine arylaminase, alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase, alanine-phenylalanine-proline arylaminase, alanine arylaminase, leucine arylaminase, L-pyrrolidone arylaminase, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, and the like, and hydrolyzed esculin by D-glucose, D-mannose, inulin, erythrotetrazole, cyclodextrin, glycogen, maltotriose, D-ribose, D-mannitol, D-trehalose, gulose, inositol, and the like, and was able to grow in 6.5% sodium chloride.
TABLE 1 physiological and biochemical characteristics of Bacillus subtilis S2 desert subspecies
Figure BDA0002847299610000041
Figure BDA0002847299610000051
The strain S2 is cultured on a TSA culture medium at 36 ℃ for 16h, the bacterial colony is shown in figure 2, the bacterial colony is light yellow and round, the surface is dry and semitransparent, the edge is irregular and is irregularly radial, the diameter is 2.5-3.5mm, the thallus is shown in figure 3, the thallus is rod-shaped, the diameter is 0.6-1.0 mu m multiplied by 1.3-3.3 mu m, the thallus is arranged singly or in pairs, the spore column shape is middle-born, the cyst is not expanded, and the thallus is a gram-positive bacterium.
(2) Determination of gyrB gene sequence of Bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2
And (3) amplifying the gyrB gene universal primer by using the DNA of the strain S2 as a template, and sequencing the amplified fragment. The 16S rDNA sequencing result of the strain S2 is compared with a sequence in GenBank for analysis, and the result (figure 4) shows that the homology of the strain S2 and Bacillus subtilis subsp.
3. Bacillus subtilis strain preservation of desert subspecies S2
The selected strains were preserved, the preservation unit of Bacillus subtilis S2: china general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC); address: western road No.1, north west city of township, beijing, institute of microbiology, china academy of sciences; the preservation date is as follows: year 2020, 15/05; the preservation number of the Bacillus subtilis is as follows: CGMCC No. 19824.
Example 2 evaluation of the ability of Bacillus subtilis to produce indole acetic acid S2 desert subspecies
Respectively inoculating Bacillus subtilis S2 and Bacillus subtilis G31, Bacillus subtilis G19, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens S1, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens G304, Bacillus licheniformis D1 and Bacillus licheniformis D100 strains in an LB liquid culture medium, carrying out shake cultivation at 37 ℃ and 200r/min for 24h, taking out, centrifuging at 4000r/min for 15min, taking 4mL of supernatant, mixing with an equal volume of Salkowski color developing agent, carrying out dark reaction at 25 ℃ for 30min, and determining the OD530nm value. And calculating the content of the indoleacetic acid in the bacterial liquid according to an indoleacetic acid standard curve regression equation. The comparative results (FIG. 5) show that Bacillus subtilis S2 has the highest indole acetic acid producing capacity of 45.8mg/L, the indole acetic acid producing amount is almost 2 times of that of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens G304, and indole acetic acid as auxin can promote the growth of waterweeds and algae.
Example 3 application of Bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 in aquaculture of Penaeus vannamei Boone
Inoculating bacillus subtilis S2 to a culture medium containing 35g of soybean meal, 2g of corn steep liquor, 25g of glucose, 1.5g of sodium chloride, 0.2g of manganese sulfate, 1g of a defoaming agent, 7g of neutral protease and 1L of distilled water according to the inoculation amount of 1%, and performing shake culture at 37 ℃ and 200r/min for 24-30 h to obtain bacillus subtilis S2 bacterial liquid; the spore rate is more than or equal to 95 percent after the culture, the spore maturity is more than 90 percent, and the spore content is 100-150 multiplied by 108CFU/mL。
6 litopenaeus vannamei culture ponds which are about 10 mu in Fujian Pu field in 2019 and have more organic matters and low transparency are selected for testing, 3 ponds are taken as test groups, and 3 ponds are taken as control groups. The experimental group is sprayed with bacillus subtilis desert S2 bacterial liquid in a whole pool according to the dosage of 250 mL/mu.m, the control group is not treated, and other management conditions are kept consistent. And measuring the transparency of the water body at the same position of each pond by using a black-and-white disc at about 9 am every day, and tracking for 5 days. The test result (figure 6) shows that the water transparency of the culture pond can be obviously improved and the algae phase of the water can be improved after the S2 bacterial liquid is used for 2 days; the transparency can be improved by about 20cm within 5 days, the cell number ratio of Chlorophyta and Diatom in the water body is improved by 50%, and the ratio of Euglena and Dinophynchnophyta is reduced.
Example 4 application of Bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 in aquaculture of Penaeus vannamei Boone
And 7 months in 2019, the culture is carried out in a small greenhouse culture pond for the penaeus vannamei boone in Dongying city of Shandong province. The temperature of the greenhouse culture water is about 28 ℃, the water change amount is about 25% every day, the length of the penaeus vannamei boone is about 3cm, and the culture density is 5000 tails/m3Left and right. The test is divided into 2 groups, each group comprises 3 ponds, the test group 1 is sprinkled with 300 mL/mu.m of bacillus subtilis desert subspecies S2 bacterial liquid, the test group 2 is sprinkled with 200 g/mu.m of commercially available potassium hydrogen persulfate, and other management conditions are kept consistent. The number of vibrios in the aquaculture water is 4000-5000 CFU/mL before the test, the change of the vibrios in 5 days before and after the test of each pond is detected by adopting a TCBS flat plate coating method, and the antibacterial effect is expressed by the vibrio removal rate. Vibrio removal rate (%) The ratio (initial vibrio count to post-use vibrio count)/initial vibrio count × 100%.
The result (figure 7) shows that the bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 bacterial liquid has obvious removing effect on the total amount of the water vibrios, is obviously superior to the effect of potassium bisulfate, has high effect taking speed, and can reach more than 70 percent of removing rate by only using for 1 day.
Example 5 evaluation of bacteriostatic Effect of Bacillus subtilis S2 in desert subspecies
Inoculating Vibrio harveyi (Vibrio harvey) and photobacterium mermairei (Vibrio damsela) in 2216E liquid culture medium, shake culturing at 30 deg.C and 200r/min for 24h, diluting with sterile normal saline to 10%6And uniformly coating CFU/mL on a 2216E solid culture medium, lightly placing an Oxford cup on the culture medium by using sterile forceps, placing 200 mu L of Bacillus subtilis desert subspecies S2 bacterial liquid into the Oxford cup, respectively taking chloramphenicol diluent with the same dosage concentration of 50ppm and sterile water as a reference, culturing the sample-added culture medium with the Oxford cup in a 30-DEG C constant temperature incubator for 16-18h, and observing the size of a bacteriostatic zone. The formula of the 2216E culture medium is as follows: 1.0g of yeast powder, 5.0g of peptone, 1L of aged seawater, pH 7.6-7.8, and 2% agar powder as a solid culture medium. The chloramphenicol is a standard substance with the content of 99 percent.
The results (fig. 8 and 9) show that the bacillus subtilis desert subspecies S2 bacterial liquid has good inhibition effect on Vibrio harveyi and Photobacterium mermairei, and especially the inhibition effect on Vibrio harveyi is obviously better than that of chloramphenicol. Vibrio harveyi and Photobacterium mermairei are pathogenic microorganisms that have serious adverse effects on aquatic animals.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.

Claims (5)

1. A Bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 is characterized in that: the Bacillus subtilis is classified and named as Bacillus subtilis, and the preservation number is CGMCC number 19824.
2. The use of the bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 of claim 1 for preparing a microbial agent for improving aquaculture water.
3. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that: when in application, the Bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 is prepared into a spore with spore content of (100-150) x 108And (4) directly spraying the CFU/mL bacterial liquid into the aquaculture water body by using the dosage of 250-350 mL/mu.m.
4. The use of Bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 as claimed in claim 1 for preparing a microbial inoculant for inhibiting pathogenic bacteria of aquatic animals, wherein: the pathogenic bacteria comprise Vibrio harveyi and Photobacterium mermairei.
5. The use of the Bacillus subtilis subspecies desert S2 of claim 1 for preparing a microbial agent for the fermentative production of indoleacetic acid.
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