CN112645509A - Rare earth smelting separation wastewater recycling treatment process - Google Patents
Rare earth smelting separation wastewater recycling treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
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- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/16—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes
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- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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Abstract
The invention discloses a resource treatment process for rare earth smelting separation wastewater, which solves the problem of up-to-standard discharge of high salinity and ammonia nitrogen in the existing rare earth smelting separation wastewater by adopting a process flow of 'AO system + coagulation + multi-media filtration + ultrafiltration + reverse osmosis', can effectively reduce the salinity concentration in the wastewater, reduce the discharge of the high salinity wastewater, and simultaneously can recycle the ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater, and the treated reuse water can be continuously used for rare earth smelting, thereby realizing the high-efficiency utilization of water resources and salt resources. The process has the advantages of high separation and recovery efficiency, simple process, convenient operation and the like, is suitable for resource treatment of the rare earth smelting separation wastewater, and has good application prospect in the rare earth industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater recycling treatment processes, in particular to a rare earth smelting separation wastewater recycling treatment process.
Background
As an essential key resource in industrial production, rare earth resources are widely applied to high-tech fields such as electronic information, new materials, new energy, aerospace, national defense and military industry and the like. However, with the continuous development of rare earth resources, the 'three wastes' (especially the waste water) caused by rare earth smelting is widely concerned by various social circles; if the rare earth smelting wastewater is directly discharged, not only can the waste of resources be caused, but also the environment and even the health of residents can be greatly harmed.
In order to meet increasingly strict requirements on environmental protection and emission reduction and recycle effective resources in wastewater, a new process for treating ionic rare earth smelting wastewater must be developed, so that harmlessness and recycling of pollution control are unified, and social sustainable development is promoted.
The membrane separation technology, such as Ultrafiltration (UF), Nanofiltration (NF), Reverse Osmosis (RO) and the like, is a novel separation technology developed in the middle of the 20 th century, can concentrate salt (including ammonium salt) and intercept organic pollutants due to the characteristics of high efficiency, low energy consumption, no phase change, simple process, continuous operation, environmental friendliness and the like, is widely applied, and provides possibility for solving the problems of high salt, high ammonia nitrogen and organic pollutants in rare earth wastewater smelting.
However, the ideal treatment effect is difficult to achieve by adopting a single membrane process method, so that how to utilize an integrated membrane treatment process and a corresponding device to realize a rare earth wastewater treatment process with high efficiency, low energy consumption and resource for high-ammonia-nitrogen rare earth smelting wastewater mainly containing inorganic salts is the main direction of the current rare earth wastewater treatment research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the emission of high salt and ammonia nitrogen of the existing high-salt wastewater does not reach the standard, and provides a recycling treatment process for rare earth smelting separation wastewater, so as to realize high efficiency, low energy consumption and recycling of rare earth smelting wastewater, and recycle water resources and ammonia nitrogen in wastewater to the maximum extent.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a rare earth smelting separation wastewater recycling treatment process comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreating rare earth smelting separation wastewater to remove part of ammonia nitrogen, COD and heavy metals in the wastewater;
s2, introducing the pretreated wastewater into a nitrification and denitrification system to further remove ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater;
s3, introducing the wastewater without the ammonia nitrogen into a coagulation tank to enable the wastewater to fully react with a coagulant;
s4, after coagulation treatment of the wastewater, filtering the wastewater by using a multi-media filter to remove large suspended matters in the wastewater;
s5, filtering the wastewater from which the large-particle suspended matters are removed by using an ultrafiltration membrane to remove colloids and small particles in the wastewater until a permeate pollution index meets a reverse osmosis water inlet condition, so as to obtain an ultrafiltration concentrated solution and an ultrafiltration permeate;
s6, introducing the ultrafiltration permeating liquid into a reverse osmosis system for desalination, wherein the ultrafiltration permeating liquid permeates a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain reuse water, and the trapped liquid of a reverse osmosis unit is concentrated ammonia nitrogen solution.
Furthermore, the reuse water finally obtained in the treatment process can be continuously used for smelting rare earth, and the concentrated ammonia nitrogen solution can be used for producing fertilizers and the like.
Further, in the step S1, the rare earth smelting separation wastewater is pretreated, and the pretreatment process is to add lime into the wastewater to adjust the pH of the wastewater to 7.0-8.0.
Further, after the wastewater fully reacts with the coagulant in the step S3, the obtained precipitate is subjected to pressure filtration by a plate-and-frame filter press, the wastewater returns to the pretreatment process for treatment, and the solid waste is used as a building material.
Preferably, the coagulant in step S3 is an anionic flocculant.
Preferably, the multi-media filter in step S4 is a quartz sand and activated carbon mixed filler filter.
Preferably, the step S5 is implemented by using an ultrafiltration membrane, and the pore diameter of the ultrafiltration membrane is 0.05-1 μm.
Preferably, the membrane module used for reverse osmosis in the reverse osmosis system in step S6 is a plate-and-frame membrane module or a roll-type membrane module.
Preferably, the ultrafiltration membrane modules and the reverse osmosis membrane modules used in steps S5 and S6 are connected in series or in parallel.
Has the advantages that:
according to the resource treatment process of the rare earth smelting separation wastewater, the concentration of salt in the wastewater can be effectively reduced through the wastewater treatment process flow of 'AO system + coagulation + multi-medium filtration + ultrafiltration + reverse osmosis', the discharge of high-salt wastewater is reduced, the ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater can be recycled, the treated reuse water can be continuously used for rare earth smelting, the problem of standard discharge of high-content salt and ammonia nitrogen in the existing rare earth smelting separation wastewater is solved, and the efficient utilization of water resources and salt resources is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the rare earth smelting separation waste water recycling treatment process.
Detailed Description
In order to better explain the present invention, the detailed description of the present invention is made below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example (b): see fig. 1.
The invention provides a process for recycling rare earth smelting separation wastewater aiming at the water quality characteristics of the rare earth smelting separation wastewater, wherein the wastewater treatment process comprises the following steps;
s1, pretreating rare earth smelting separation wastewater to remove part of ammonia nitrogen, COD and heavy metals in the wastewater;
s2, introducing the pretreated wastewater into a nitrification and denitrification system to further remove ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater;
s3, introducing the wastewater without the ammonia nitrogen into a coagulation tank to enable the wastewater to fully react with a coagulant;
s4, after coagulation treatment of the wastewater, filtering the wastewater by using a multi-media filter to remove large suspended matters in the wastewater;
s5, filtering the wastewater from which the large-particle suspended matters are removed by using an ultrafiltration membrane to remove colloids and small particles in the wastewater until a permeate pollution index meets a reverse osmosis water inlet condition, so as to obtain an ultrafiltration concentrated solution and an ultrafiltration permeate;
s6, introducing the ultrafiltration permeating liquid into a reverse osmosis system for desalination, wherein the ultrafiltration permeating liquid permeates a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain reuse water, and the trapped liquid of a reverse osmosis unit is concentrated ammonia nitrogen solution.
Furthermore, the reuse water finally obtained in the treatment process can be continuously used for smelting rare earth, and the concentrated ammonia nitrogen solution can be used for producing fertilizers and the like.
Further, in the step S1, the rare earth smelting separation wastewater is pretreated, and the pretreatment process is to add lime into the wastewater to adjust the pH of the wastewater to 7.0-8.0.
Further, after the wastewater fully reacts with the coagulant in the step S3, the obtained precipitate is subjected to pressure filtration by a plate-and-frame filter press, the wastewater returns to the pretreatment process for treatment, and the solid waste is used as a building material.
Preferably, the coagulant in step S3 is an anionic flocculant.
Preferably, the multi-media filter in step S4 is a quartz sand and activated carbon mixed filler filter.
Preferably, the step S5 is implemented by using an ultrafiltration membrane, and the pore diameter of the ultrafiltration membrane is 0.05-1 μm.
Preferably, the membrane module used for reverse osmosis in the reverse osmosis system in step S6 is a plate-and-frame membrane module or a roll-type membrane module.
Preferably, the ultrafiltration membrane modules and the reverse osmosis membrane modules used in steps S5 and S6 are connected in series or in parallel.
In conclusion, according to the resource treatment process for the rare earth smelting separation wastewater, the concentration of salt in the wastewater can be effectively reduced through the process flow of 'AO system + coagulation + multi-media filtration + ultrafiltration + reverse osmosis', the discharge of high-salt wastewater is reduced, the ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater can be recycled, the treated reuse water can be continuously used for rare earth smelting, the problem of standard discharge of high-content salt and ammonia nitrogen in the conventional rare earth smelting separation wastewater is solved, and the high-efficiency utilization of water resources and salt resources is realized.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent transformations made by the present specification and the attached drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A rare earth smelting separation wastewater recycling treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, pretreating rare earth smelting separation wastewater to remove part of ammonia nitrogen, COD and heavy metals in the wastewater;
s2, introducing the pretreated wastewater into a nitrification and denitrification system to further remove ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater;
s3, introducing the wastewater without the ammonia nitrogen into a coagulation tank to enable the wastewater to fully react with a coagulant;
s4, after coagulation treatment of the wastewater, filtering the wastewater by using a multi-media filter to remove large suspended matters in the wastewater;
s5, filtering the wastewater from which the large-particle suspended matters are removed by using an ultrafiltration membrane to remove colloids and small particles in the wastewater until a permeate pollution index meets a reverse osmosis water inlet condition, so as to obtain an ultrafiltration concentrated solution and an ultrafiltration permeate;
s6, introducing the ultrafiltration permeating liquid into a reverse osmosis system for desalination, wherein the ultrafiltration permeating liquid permeates a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain reuse water, and the trapped liquid of a reverse osmosis unit is concentrated ammonia nitrogen solution.
2. The recycling treatment process of rare earth smelting separation wastewater according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the rare earth smelting separation wastewater is pretreated, and in the pretreatment process, lime is added into the wastewater to adjust the pH of the wastewater to 7.0-8.0.
3. The recycling treatment process of rare earth smelting separation wastewater according to claim 1, wherein after the wastewater fully reacts with the coagulant in step S3, the obtained precipitate is subjected to pressure filtration by a plate-and-frame filter press, and the wastewater returns to the pretreatment process for treatment, and the solid waste is used as a building material.
4. The recycling treatment process of rare earth smelting separation wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the coagulant in step S3 is an anionic flocculant.
5. The recycling treatment process of rare earth smelting separation wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the multi-media filter in step S4 is a quartz sand and activated carbon mixed filler filter.
6. The recycling treatment process of rare earth smelting separation wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 is implemented by adopting an ultrafiltration membrane, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 0.05-1 μm.
7. The recycling treatment process for wastewater from rare earth smelting separation according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the membrane module used for reverse osmosis in the reverse osmosis system is a plate-frame membrane module or a spiral-wound membrane module.
8. The recycling treatment process of rare earth smelting separation wastewater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrafiltration membrane module and the reverse osmosis membrane module used in steps S5 and S6 are one or more groups connected in series or in parallel.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114873796A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-09 | 广东立源环保科技有限公司 | Mine wastewater rare earth full-quantitative treatment process |
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