CN112644659A - Water quality blending method for ship ballast water shore-based test - Google Patents
Water quality blending method for ship ballast water shore-based test Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water quality blending method for a ship ballast water shore-based test, which comprises the following steps of: s1, measuring the water quality index in the water body under the natural condition of the water source place; s2, comparing the water quality index with the inflow water requirement in the BWMS rule and the ETV standard, and determining the parameter which does not reach the standard in the water quality index; s3, calculating the addition amount of the preparation according to the parameter which does not reach the standard; s4, stirring and dissolving the mixture, and adding the mixture into a water body to form a dissolved solution; and S5, sequentially adding the dissolving solution into a shore-based test batching cabin containing the water body to form test water. The invention can simultaneously meet the double requirements of BWMS rule and ETV standard, and is most similar to natural water quality characteristics, and meanwhile, the experimental water of the invention also has the advantages of high stability, reproducibility, wide application range and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering equipment, in particular to a water quality blending method for a ship ballast water shore-based test.
Background
Ship ballast water is one of the important ways for the invasion of foreign organisms in the ocean. It is well known that ballast water discharge has caused ecological pollution problems worldwide. In 2017, 9, the international convention on the control and management of ship ballast water and sediment deposits (hereinafter referred to as the convention) issued by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) takes effect formally. The convention stipulates that a ship which uses ballast water to maintain safe sailing conditions should be equipped with a Ballast Water Management System (BWMS), and the BWMS should pass the type approval of the governing body of the main authorities according to the requirements of the type approval guideline for ballast water management (the guideline for short, G8).
The compliance rate of treating ballast water in the existing commercial ships to reach the D-2 discharge standard is not high. To ensure the operational reliability of BWMS, the IMO has made a full revision to the G8 guideline and upgraded it to ballast water management system approval rules (BWMS rules), resulting in a rigorous, consistent test protocol that ensures repeatability of the test and comparability with other processing equipment. The United States Coast Guard (USCG) sets up independent BWMS model approval test standards (ETV standards). The test raw water is used as a test medium for evaluating the effectiveness of the BWMS in the shore-based test, is an important guarantee for verifying the processing capacity of the BWMS, and the ETV standard and the BWMS rule make magnitude requirements on the test raw water of the shore-based test, as shown in figure 1.
Although the oceans in the world are connected, the biological and water quality conditions of natural conditions in different water areas still differ. In most cases, the living things and water quality of natural water body can not meet the requirements of BWMS rule and ETV standard at the same time. The biological and water quality characteristics of test water are an important basis for accurate and fair evaluation of BWMS (BWMS effectiveness), the problem is recognized as early as the approval of a ballast water management system, and test water-soluble organic carbon (invention patent 200910249738.0), granular organic carbon (invention patent 200910249737.6) and a water chemical parameter modulation method (invention patent 201510107299.5) are established in China, but the method is only suitable for the requirements of old G8 and cannot meet the requirements of the existing effective BWMS rules and ETV standards. The research on the water quality improvement effect of substances such as glucose, sucrose, soluble lignin, sodium citrate, methyl cellulose, starch and the like is also reported by foreign scholars under the small-scale laboratory condition, but the research results have no reproducibility, the improvement effect of the added water quality is uncontrollable, and the repeated verification is not carried out under the real shore-based test condition.
In summary, at present, there is no BWMS type approved test water blending standard method that can satisfy both BWMS rule and ETV standard requirement at home and abroad, and there is no stable, reproducible and wide applicable test water blending technology that is closest to natural water quality characteristics.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a water quality blending method for a shore-based test of ballast water of a ship, which can simultaneously meet the dual requirements of BWMS rule and ETV standard, has good stability, is reproducible, and has a wide application range.
A water quality blending method for a ship ballast water shore-based test comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring the water quality index in the water body under the natural condition of the water source place;
s2, comparing the water quality index with the inflow water requirement in the BWMS rule and the ETV standard, and determining the parameter which does not reach the standard in the water quality index;
s3, calculating the addition amount of the preparation according to the parameter which does not reach the standard;
s4, stirring and dissolving the mixture, and adding the mixture into a water body to form a dissolved solution;
and S5, sequentially adding the dissolving solution into a shore-based test batching cabin containing the water body to form test water.
In one embodiment, the water quality indicator includes the content of soluble organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, and suspended matter.
In one embodiment, in the step S3, the following formula is used to calculate the addition amount of the formulation:
(ii) the amount of the formulation of soluble organic carbon added (kg) — (minimum limit of the soluble organic carbon 1.2 — measured value of the soluble organic carbon)/25% total water amount (L);
(ii) the amount of formulation of the particulate organic carbon added (kg) — (minimum value of the particulate organic carbon 1.2 — measured value of the particulate organic carbon)/25% total water amount (L);
(ii) the amount of addition of the formulation of the suspension (kg) — (minimum limit of the suspension 1.2-measured value of the suspension)/100% total water amount (L) — the amount of addition of the formulation of the particulate organic carbon (kg);
in the formula: the lowest limit of the soluble organic carbon is as follows: a minimum limit of said soluble organic carbon in influent water required by BWMS regulations or ETV standards; the lowest limit of the particulate organic carbon is: minimum limit of the particulate organic carbon in the influent water required by BWMS rules or ETV standards; the minimum limit of the suspended matter is as follows: minimum limit of said suspended matter in influent water, required by BWMS regulations or ETV standards; the total water amount is the total amount of the target test water.
In one embodiment, the amount of the formulation of soluble organic carbon, the amount of the formulation of particulate organic carbon, and the amount of the formulation of suspension added are in a dry state before weighing.
In one embodiment, the step S4 of adding the formulation to the water body after stirring and dissolving includes:
pouring the weighed mixture into a container containing water, and stirring for dissolving;
when the addition amount of the soluble organic carbon preparation, the addition amount of the granular organic carbon preparation and the addition amount of the suspension are required to be added, the granular organic carbon preparation, the suspension preparation and the soluble organic carbon preparation are sequentially added, the stirring and dissolving time of the granular organic carbon preparation is 30min, and the stirring and dissolving time of the suspension preparation and the soluble organic carbon preparation is 10 min.
In one embodiment, the amount of the soluble organic carbon formulation, the particulate organic carbon formulation and the suspension formulation are calcium lignosulfonate, corn flour and kaolin, respectively.
In one embodiment, the step S5 is followed by:
and S6, starting a blending device of the shore-based test batching cabin, and blending for 30 min.
According to the water quality allocation method for the ship ballast water shore-based test, the water body of the water source area is measured, the parameter which does not meet the standard in the water quality index is determined, and then the allocation substance is added to allocate the test water in the shore-based test batching cabin according to the parameter which does not meet the standard, so that the method can simultaneously meet the requirements of BWMS (Brillouin slope measurement system) rules and ETV (extract-transform-concentrate) standards, is closest to natural water quality characteristics, and meanwhile, the test water has the advantages of high stability, reproducibility, wide application range and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a table showing the requirements of the BWMS rules and ETV standards of the present invention on the amount of test raw water for shore-based tests.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the following description. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
An embodiment of the invention provides a water quality allocation method for a ship ballast water shore-based test, which comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring the water quality index in the water body under the natural condition of the water source place; in an embodiment of the invention, the water quality index includes the content of soluble organic carbon DOC, particulate organic carbon POC and suspended matter TSS. In other embodiments of the present invention, the water quality index further includes the content of the mineral MM, and the like.
S2, comparing the water quality index with the inflow water requirement in the BWMS rule and the ETV standard, and determining the parameter which does not reach the standard in the water quality index; specifically, the BWMS rule and ETV standard are shown in fig. 1, and it should be noted that the water quality indexes are slightly different in different water bodies such as high-salinity seawater, brackish water and fresh water.
S3, calculating the addition amount of the preparation according to the parameter which does not reach the standard; in one embodiment of the present invention, the additive amount of the soluble organic carbon formulation, the particulate organic carbon formulation and the suspension formulation are calcium lignosulfonate, corn flour and kaolin, respectively.
S4, stirring and dissolving the mixture, and adding the mixture into a water body to form a dissolved solution;
and S5, sequentially adding the dissolving solution into a shore-based test batching cabin containing the water body to form test water.
Optionally, in order to mix the dissolving solution with the water body more fully, the step S5 is followed by:
and S6, starting a blending device of the shore-based test batching cabin, and blending for 30 min. Alternatively, the blending means may be a stirring blade or the like.
According to the water quality allocation method for the ship ballast water shore-based test, the water body of the water source area is measured, the parameter which does not meet the standard in the water quality index is determined, and then the allocation substance is added to allocate the test water in the shore-based test batching cabin according to the parameter which does not meet the standard, so that the method can simultaneously meet the requirements of BWMS (Brillouin slope measurement system) rules and ETV (extract-transform-concentrate) standards, is closest to natural water quality characteristics, and meanwhile, the test water has the advantages of high stability, reproducibility, wide application range and the like.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the step S3, the following formula is used to calculate the addition amount of the formulation:
(ii) the amount of the formulation of soluble organic carbon added (kg) — (minimum limit of the soluble organic carbon 1.2 — measured value of the soluble organic carbon)/25% total water amount (L);
(ii) the amount of formulation of the particulate organic carbon added (kg) — (minimum value of the particulate organic carbon 1.2 — measured value of the particulate organic carbon)/25% total water amount (L);
the amount of addition of the formulation of the suspension (kg) — (minimum limit of the suspension 1.2-measured value of the suspension)/100% total water amount (L) — the amount of addition of the formulation of the particulate organic carbon (kg).
In the formula: the lowest limit of the soluble organic carbon is as follows: the minimum limit value of the soluble organic carbon in both of the influent water required by the BWMS rule or the ETV standard, in mL; the lowest limit of the particulate organic carbon is: the minimum limit of the particulate organic carbon in both, in ml, in influent water required by either the BWMS rule or the ETV standard; the minimum limit of the suspended matter is as follows: the minimum limit value of the suspended matter in the inflow water required by the BWMS rule or the ETV standard is ml; the total water amount is the total amount of the target test water, and the unit is L. In the present invention, the measured value of the soluble organic carbon, the measured value of the particulate organic carbon, and the measured value of the suspended matter each refer to an actual measured value of the corresponding index under natural conditions of a water source, and are expressed in ml.
It should be noted that the formulation of the particulate organic carbon POC can improve two indexes of the particulate organic carbon POC and the suspended substance TSS at the same time, so the addition amount of the formulation of the suspended substance TSS is calculated by subtracting the addition amount of the formulation of the particulate organic carbon POC, so that the most economical water distribution scheme can be realized. Furthermore, when only the suspension TSS does not meet the standard requirement and a formulation needs to be added, then according to the calculation formula of the suspension TSS, the addition amount of the formulation of the suspension TSS is calculated by subtracting the addition amount of the formulation of the particulate organic carbon POC, which can be understood herein as: "the amount of addition of the formulation minus the particulate organic carbon POC" is 0. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the blending precision of the experimental water, the additive amount of the soluble organic carbon formulation, the additive amount of the granular organic carbon formulation and the additive amount of the suspension are in a dry state before weighing, and if the suspension is wetted, the suspension needs to be dried.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the step S4, the adding the formulation into the water body after stirring and dissolving includes:
pouring the weighed mixture into a container containing water, and stirring for dissolving; alternatively, the volume of the container may be 200L.
When the addition amount of the soluble organic carbon preparation, the addition amount of the granular organic carbon preparation and the addition amount of the suspension are required to be added, the granular organic carbon preparation, the suspension preparation and the soluble organic carbon preparation are sequentially added, the stirring and dissolving time of the granular organic carbon preparation is 30min, and the stirring and dissolving time of the suspension preparation and the soluble organic carbon preparation is 10 min.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a branch of the shanghai drip lake was selected as the source of fresh water (<1PSU) and two parallel tests were set up under these conditions (FW01 and FW 02). The content of the soluble organic carbon DOC, the particle organic carbon POC and the suspended matter TSS of the natural fresh water body is measured, and the result is shown in the following table one:
The above results show that the DOC content of the soluble organic carbon of the natural water exceeds the minimum value required by the BWMS rule, and only the content of the particulate organic carbon POC and the suspended substance TSS needs to be adjusted. The target water blending amount is 500m3The amounts of addition of the formulations of particulate organic carbon POC and suspension TSS were calculated and for ease of weighing, the amounts of addition of the formulations were rounded up, specifically, the FW01 test required the addition of 11kg of the formulation of particulate organic carbon POC and 16kg of the formulation of suspension TSS, and the FW02 test required the addition of 10kg of the formulation of particulate organic carbon POC and 17kg of the formulation of suspension TSS. And stirring and dissolving the mixture, and adding the mixture into a material preparation cabin. After the materials are evenly mixed in the batching cabin for 30min, the FW01 test challenge water and the FW02 test challenge water both meet the requirements of BWMS rules and ETV standards.
Example two:
the upper ocean hong Kong was selected as the source of brackish water (10-20PSU) under which two parallel tests (BW01 and BW02) were set up. The content of soluble organic carbon DOC, granular organic carbon POC and suspended matter TSS in the brackish water body is measured, and the results are shown in the following table two:
watch two
The results show that the TSS content of BW01 natural water in suspension exceeds the minimum value required by BWMS rules, and only the content of soluble organic carbon DOC and granular organic carbon POC needs to be adjusted. BW02 test shows that the contents of the soluble organic carbon DOC, the granular organic carbon POC and the suspended substance TSS in natural water do not reach the standard, and three indexes are required to be prepared. The target water blending amount is 500m3When calculating the addition amount of the formulation, the addition amount of the formulation was rounded for easy weighing, specifically, the BW01 test requires a formulation with 13kg of soluble organic carbon DOC and a formulation with 11kg of granular organic carbon POC, and the BW02 test requires a formulation with 13kg of soluble organic carbon DOC, a formulation with 12kg of granular organic carbon POC and a formulation with 3kg of suspended matter TSS. And stirring and dissolving the mixture, and adding the mixture into a material preparation cabin. And after the materials are uniformly mixed in the burdening cabin for 30min, the BW01 test challenge water and the BW02 test challenge water both meet the requirements of BWMS rules and ETV standards.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-described examples merely represent several embodiments of the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A water quality blending method for a ship ballast water shore-based test is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, measuring the water quality index in the water body under the natural condition of the water source place;
s2, comparing the water quality index with the inflow water requirement in the BWMS rule and the ETV standard, and determining the parameter which does not reach the standard in the water quality index;
s3, calculating the addition amount of the preparation according to the parameter which does not reach the standard;
s4, stirring and dissolving the mixture, and adding the mixture into a water body to form a dissolved solution;
and S5, sequentially adding the dissolving solution into a shore-based test batching cabin containing the water body to form test water.
2. The method for adjusting water quality in a shore-based test for ship ballast water according to claim 1, wherein the water quality index includes contents of soluble organic carbon, granular organic carbon, and suspended matter.
3. The method for blending water quality in a shore-based test for ship ballast water according to claim 2, wherein in step S3, the following formula is used to calculate the addition amount of the blend:
(ii) the amount of the formulation of soluble organic carbon added (kg) — (minimum limit of the soluble organic carbon 1.2 — measured value of the soluble organic carbon)/25% total water amount (L);
(ii) the amount of formulation of the particulate organic carbon added (kg) — (minimum value of the particulate organic carbon 1.2 — measured value of the particulate organic carbon)/25% total water amount (L);
(ii) the amount of addition of the formulation of the suspension (kg) — (minimum limit of the suspension 1.2-measured value of the suspension)/100% total water amount (L) — the amount of addition of the formulation of the particulate organic carbon (kg);
in the formula: the lowest limit of the soluble organic carbon is as follows: a minimum limit of said soluble organic carbon in influent water required by BWMS regulations or ETV standards; the lowest limit of the particulate organic carbon is: minimum limit of the particulate organic carbon in the influent water required by BWMS rules or ETV standards; the minimum limit of the suspended matter is as follows: minimum limit of said suspended matter in influent water, required by BWMS regulations or ETV standards; the total water amount is the total amount of the target test water.
4. The method for blending water quality in a shore-based test for ship ballast water according to claim 3, wherein the amount of the soluble organic carbon formulation, the amount of the particulate organic carbon formulation, and the amount of the suspension formulation are in a dry state before weighing.
5. The method for preparing water quality of the shore-based test for ship ballast water according to claim 2, wherein the step S4 of adding the mixture into the water body after stirring and dissolving comprises:
pouring the weighed mixture into a container containing water, and stirring for dissolving;
when the addition amount of the soluble organic carbon preparation, the addition amount of the granular organic carbon preparation and the addition amount of the suspension are required to be added, the granular organic carbon preparation, the suspension preparation and the soluble organic carbon preparation are sequentially added, the stirring and dissolving time of the granular organic carbon preparation is 30min, and the stirring and dissolving time of the suspension preparation and the soluble organic carbon preparation is 10 min.
6. The method for conditioning water quality in a shore-based test for ship ballast water according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the formulation of the soluble organic carbon, the formulation of the particulate organic carbon, and the formulation of the suspension are calcium lignosulfonate, corn flour, and kaolin, respectively.
7. The method for adjusting water quality in a ship ballast water shore-based test according to claim 1, further comprising, after step S5:
and S6, starting a blending device of the shore-based test batching cabin, and blending for 30 min.
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